CN105252961A - Wheel for rubber wheel rail and processing method of wheel - Google Patents
Wheel for rubber wheel rail and processing method of wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105252961A CN105252961A CN201510734604.3A CN201510734604A CN105252961A CN 105252961 A CN105252961 A CN 105252961A CN 201510734604 A CN201510734604 A CN 201510734604A CN 105252961 A CN105252961 A CN 105252961A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B17/00—Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/50—Other automobile vehicle parts, i.e. manufactured in assembly lines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wheel for a rubber wheel rail and a processing method of the wheel, and belongs to the field of wheel processing. The wheel comprises a wheel flange, a wheel rim, a wheel arm and a wheel hub; the thicknesses of the wheel arm and the wheel hub of the wheel are the same, and are 11.8-12.5 mm; the wheel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.49-0.52% of C, 0.20-0.40% of Si, 0.50-0.80% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, less than or equal to 0.015% of S, 0.2-0.3% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.30% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.08% of Mo, less than or equal to 0.06% of V, less than or equal to 0.30% of Cu, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The processing method comprises the following steps: 1, conducting heat treatment on wheel steel, and conducting rolling and rough processing on the wheel steel subjected to heat treatment; 2, conducting quenching and tempering processing on the rough wheel subjected to rough processing; 3, conducting finish processing on the wheel treated in the step 2 to the specified size. The wheel processed by the processing method is high in precision and light in weight, has better comprehensive mechanical property, and is safe to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wheel processing technique field, more particularly, relate to a kind of rubber tire rail wheel and job operation thereof.
Background technology
Current track traffic due to the binding force between wheel track too little, have to significantly to improve the weight of locomotive, obtain higher binding force; But excessive deadweight also adds cost and the loss of circuit accordingly, and because the friction between rail wheel is too little, turning radius is increased, the stopping distance of vehicle increases, safety performance declines, and the safety distance of railway up train is large, reduces the efficiency of railway operation, when applying as city traffic track, the pollution produced between wheel track is larger.Rubber tire subway is that vehicle adopts rubber tire wheel, and is equipped with the subway system of track and the special guide piece matched.
The road wheel of rubber tire railcar travels on pair of parallel banding pattern track, the strip that slab track adopts wide width wing drum steel or cement concrete to build up usually, article two, parallel orbit is separately positioned on the outside of two rail in left and right, such rubber tire subway, owing to adopting inflating rubber wheel, driving is steady, noise is low, it is little to vibrate, and again owing to having higher binding force, optimizes many tractive performancies.
A kind of common version of rubber tire subway on the basis of traditional steel wheel rail subway, sets up rubber tire running gear form, train uses rubber tire running gear when normal traveling, steel wheel rail is as safety back-up device, use when disappointing or burst failure appear in rubber tire, and train by section with a switch or switches time, because side guide rail interrupts, leading and running gear at this section, is that train is along the route safety traffic determined.
Different for rubber tire track that Track System uses, use steel wheel also cannot use conventional Train Wheel, wheel weight and structure are improved, wheel after improvement not only requires lightweight, also to have enough structural strengths, thus, how on the basis ensureing Vehicle Wheel Construction Strength, a great problem that wheel weight is this area is alleviated.
Chinese Patent Application No.: 201110046426.7, authorized announcement date: on December 5th, 2012, invention and created name is: railway truck low-alloy wheel steel and wheel preparation method thereof, this application case discloses a kind of railway truck low-alloy wheel steel, its chemical component weight percentum is: C0.70 ~ 0.75%, Si0.75 ~ 0.95%, Mn0.75 ~ 0.90%, Ni0.15 ~ 0.25%, Cr0.25 ~ 0.35%, and Als0.015 ~ 0.030%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element.Heat treatment step is: at 830-850 DEG C of insulation 2.0-2.5 hour, then below water-spraying control wheel rim to 550 DEG C, wheel rim interior metal with the rate of cooling accelerating cooling of 2 DEG C/s ~ 5 DEG C/s, then at 500-520 DEG C of temper 4.5-5.0 hour.The main step of the program is heat treatment, does not relate to the method how to the processing of thin-walled wagon wheel.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical matters that will solve
The object of the invention is to overcome wheel in prior art and be difficult to meet the deficiency of rubber tire Track System to weight and requirement of strength, provide a kind of rubber tire rail wheel and job operation thereof, technical scheme of the present invention, process thickness of wheel spoke and be only 11.8 ~ 12.5mm, wheel is lightweight, intensity is high, and not yielding in the course of processing, ensure that working accuracy.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present invention, comprises wheel rim, wheel rim, spoke and wheel hub, and the tread of this wheel is that the tilting section of 1:10 and flat segments form by tapering, and the spoke of this wheel is identical with hub thickness, is 11.8 ~ 12.5mm; Rim for automobile wheel is provided with and scraps line, this clearing end scrapping line to the distance of tread is 0.62 times of wheel rim thickness.
Preferably, its chemical component weight percentum is: C0.49 ~ 0.52%, Si0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn0.50 ~ 0.80%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.015%, Cr0.2 ~ 0.3%, Ni≤0.30%, Mo≤0.08%, V≤0.06%, Cu≤0.30%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element.
Preferably, the content sum of described Cr, Ni and Mo is no more than 0.5%.
The job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present invention, its procedure of processing is:
Step one, wheel steel to be heat-treated, and the wheel steel after heat treatment is rolled, slow cooling, prtreatment, form wheel blanks;
Step 2, the wheel blanks after prtreatment is quenched, temper;
Step 3, fine limit work is carried out to the wheel after step 2 process, be machined to given size.
Preferably, when quenching in step 2, wheel blanks rises to 830 ~ 850 DEG C with furnace temperature, insulation 2.5 ~ 3h, and with asbestos patrix 12 and asbestos counterdie 13, wheel web is pushed down, and carries out water-spraying control 200 ~ 250s to wheel rim and tread place; During tempering, 480 ~ 520 DEG C of inside holding 3 ~ 4 hours.
Preferably, described asbestos protection mould is bolted by asbestos patrix and asbestos counterdie and forms, and the side that asbestos patrix is relative with asbestos counterdie and wheel web are fitted.
Preferably, the fine-processing technique in step 3 is:
1) wheel blanks after step 2 process is lifted on the first back-up block of lathe, and is clamped by interior serrated clips and clamp rim for automobile wheel wheel level is fixed, processing wheel nearside wheel edge, spoke and wheel hub, wheel hub roughness of surface≤Ra12.5;
2) change lathe the wheel that reverses, make the second back-up block support step 1) in the wheel hub surface of processing, the 3rd back-up block supports step 1) in the rim faces of processing, and clamp interior wheel rim face with outer serrated clips pincers; Processing wheel off-side wheel hub face, spoke face and wheel rim face, stay 5mm surplus, its roughness of surface≤Ra12.5; Then tread is processed, its roughness of surface≤Ra6.3;
3) process wheel off-side wheel hub face, spoke face and wheel rim face to finished size, on wheel rim, processing scraps line to finished size, then processes tread and wheel rim lateral surface, the roughness of surface≤Ra1.6 of each several part after processing; Machining center hole;
4) change to step 1) in lathe the wheel that reverses, according to step 1) in method fix, and the jaw of interior sawtooth clamp is changed to anodontia jaw, first back-up block increases rubber pad, make its upper surface higher than parallels upper surface 0.08 ~ 0.15mm, then process wheel nearside wheel hub face, spoke face to finished size, machining center hole, then wheel rim medial surface is processed to finished size, the roughness of surface≤Ra1.6 of wheel hub surface, spoke face and wheel rim medial surface;
5) machining center hole is to finished size;
6) utilize numerical control machining center on wheel nave, process 4 uniform tapped bore and 10 uniform through holes.
Preferably, step 1) in the first back-up block have 5,5 the first back-up blocks are uniform along lathe center shaft circumference; Described interior sawtooth clamp is evenly equipped with 3 along lathe center shaft, and interior sawtooth clamp and parallels interval are arranged.
Preferably, step 2) in the 3rd back-up block and outer sawtooth clamp be provided with 3, and the 3rd back-up block and outer sawtooth clamp are along lathe center shaft circumference uniform intervals branch.
Preferably, the linear velocity Vt=230 ± 30m/min of lathe tool in finishing passes.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following beneficial effect:
(1) a kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present invention, its spoke and hub thickness less, substantially reduce wheel weight, the alloy designs adopted and heat treatment method make medium-carbon steel wheel significantly improve fracture ductility on the basis with higher-strength and hardness, thus ensure that wheel has good usage safety performance;
(2) job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present invention, adopts the method clamping wheel that back-up block and sawtooth clamp match, accurate positioning, and clamping is firm, ensures that wheel is indeformable in the course of processing;
(3) job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present invention, the method adopting wheel inner side and outer side alternately to process carries out fine limit work process, working accuracy is high, radial unrelieved stress and the circumferential unrelieved stress of spoke obviously reduce, surface finish is improved, and eliminates and may become the surface working defects such as the dark tool marks of mistake in endurance crack source.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the using state figure of asbestos protection mould in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the clamping processing structure schematic diagram processed in the present invention inside wheel;
Fig. 4 is the clamping processing structure schematic diagram processing lateral wheel in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the clamping processing structure schematic diagram in the present invention inside last processing wheel.
Label declaration in schematic diagram: 1, wheel rim; 2, wheel rim; 3, line is scrapped; 4, spoke; 5, wheel hub; 6, centre hole; 7, interior sawtooth clamp; 8, the first back-up block; 801, parallels; 802, rubber pad; 9, the second back-up block; 10, outer sawtooth clamp; 11, the 3rd back-up block; 12, asbestos patrix; 13, asbestos counterdie.
Detailed description of the invention
For understanding content of the present invention further, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present invention, comprises wheel rim 1, wheel rim 2, spoke 4 and wheel hub 5, and the tread of this wheel is that the tilting section of 1:10 and flat segments form by tapering, and the spoke 4 of this wheel is identical with wheel hub 5 thickness, is 11.8 ~ 12.5mm; Rim for automobile wheel 2 is provided with and scraps line 3, this clearing end scrapping line 3 is 0.62 of wheel rim thickness to the distance of tread, judges it is all need to change according to the degree of wear scrapping line 3.Preferably, the spoke 4 of wheel is identical with wheel hub 5 thickness, is 12mm; The diameter of tread is 880mm, and wheel rim 1 diameter is 1024mm, rim for automobile wheel 2 is provided with and scraps line, and this clearing end scrapping line is 0.62 of wheel rim thickness to the distance of tread, and rim width is 42mm, and scrapping line width is 6.5mm, and centre hole 6 internal diameter is 337mm.Following steps are adopted to process wheel:
Step one, wheel steel to be heat-treated, and the wheel steel after heat treatment is rolled, slow cooling, prtreatment, form wheel blanks; This process mainly comprises LF refining, application of vacuum, round billet continuous casting formation circular blanks, then heating rolling, and by the blank slow cooling 4h after rolling, namely cools 4 hours with stove, eliminates white point, carries out prtreatment afterwards after testing, form wheel blanks;
Step 2, the wheel blanks after prtreatment is quenched, temper;
Wheel blanks is risen to 830 ~ 850 DEG C with furnace temperature, insulation 2.5 ~ 3h, and with asbestos patrix 12 and asbestos counterdie 13, wheel web is pushed down, connect with bolt, water-spraying control 200 ~ 250s is carried out to wheel rim 1 and wheel rim 2; During tempering, 480 ~ 520 DEG C of inside holding 3 ~ 4 hours, then air cooling.
Asbestos protection mould is wherein bolted by asbestos patrix 12 and asbestos counterdie 13 and forms, and the side that asbestos patrix is relative with asbestos counterdie and wheel web are fitted.Inside wheel, wheel hub 5 is α with the angle of spoke 4, then the tilting section of asbestos patrix 12 and the angle of flat segments are greater than α, are less than α+3 °; Correspondingly, the tilting section of asbestos counterdie 13 and the angle of flat segments are greater than α-3, are less than α; Be 158 ° for α, the tilting section of asbestos patrix 12 and the angle of flat segments are 160 °, and the tilting section of asbestos counterdie 13 and the angle of flat segments are 156 °.By this structure design, after asbestos patrix 12 and asbestos counterdie 13 are by bolt presses, owing to there is differential seat angle, the tension force of tilting section self makes itself and wheel fit tightly, disc place can be entered by effectively anti-sealing, namely avoid disc by Quenching Treatment, reduce the hydrogen content in disc, improve the toughness at spoke 4 and wheel hub 5 place, the situation that can effectively prevent wheel from rupturing occurs.
Step 3, fine limit work is carried out to the wheel after step 2 process, be machined to given size.
Fine-processing technique in step 3 is:
1) wheel blanks after step 2 process is lifted on the first back-up block 8 of lathe, the first back-up block has 5, and 5 the first back-up blocks 8 are uniform along lathe center shaft circumference; There is interior sawtooth clamp 7 periphery, interior sawtooth clamp 7 is evenly equipped with 3 along lathe center shaft, and interior sawtooth clamp uniform intervals is provided with parallels, clamp rim for automobile wheel 2 by interior sawtooth clamp 7 wheel level is fixed, Vt is 210m/min, Feeding speed F be 1mm/r, cutting output Ap is 5mm, processing wheel nearside wheel edge 1, spoke 4 and wheel hub 5, wheel hub 5 place roughness of surface≤Ra12.5;
2) change lathe the wheel that reverses, make the second back-up block 9 support step 1) in the wheel hub surface of processing, the 3rd back-up block 11 supports step 1) in the rim faces of processing, and clamp interior wheel rim face with outer sawtooth clamp 10; Vt is 200m/min, and processing wheel off-side wheel hub face, spoke face and wheel rim face, stay 5mm surplus, its roughness of surface≤Ra12.5; Then tread is processed, its roughness of surface≤Ra6.3; 3rd back-up block 11 and outer sawtooth clamp 10 are provided with 3, and the 3rd back-up block 11 and outer sawtooth clamp 10 are along lathe center shaft circumference uniform intervals branch;
3) adjusting Vt is that 250m/min processes wheel off-side wheel hub face, spoke face and wheel rim face to finished size, and on wheel rim 2, line 3 to finished size is scrapped in processing, then processes tread and wheel rim lateral surface, the roughness of surface≤Ra1.6 of each several part after processing; Machining center hole 6;
4) change to step 1) in lathe the wheel that reverses, according to step 1) in method fix, and the jaw of interior sawtooth clamp 7 is changed to anodontia jaw, prevents the other sawtooth damage in the surface after processing; First back-up block 8 increases rubber pad 802, makes its upper surface higher than parallels 801 upper surface 0.08 ~ 0.15mm, preferred 0.1mm, to overcome the gravity effect of self, otherwise the wheel web after processing will be caused undesirable; Arranging Vt is 250m/min, and processing wheel nearside wheel hub face, spoke face are to finished size, and machining center hole 6, then processes wheel rim medial surface to finished size, the roughness of surface≤Ra1.6 of wheel hub surface, spoke face and wheel rim medial surface;
5) machining center hole 6 to finished size;
6) utilize numerical control machining center on wheel nave, process 4 uniform tapped bore and 10 uniform through holes.
Prove through research, force of cut and speed directly determine the generation of this heat in metal cutting, and affect working accuracy and suface processing quality.When process velocity is lower, easily produce residual tension, when process velocity is higher, because processing temperature raises, easily produce residual compressive stress.Because in the present invention, the spoke thickness of wheel is only 11.8 ~ 12.5mm, the too high disc that will cause of heat in metal cutting is out of shape and affects working accuracy.
In addition, if well can not find the strong point accurately in the course of processing, the cutting stress formed will be difficult to recover, and cause wheel deformation, easily rupture during use, safety is low.The present invention first supports with the first back-up block 8, and is fixedly clamped from circumference by wheel by interior sawtooth clamp 7, and set 3 interior sawtooth clamp 7 centerings are good, ensures that wheel center overlaps with lathe center shaft.Wheel horizontal direction after clamping only has wheel hub 5 place contact with the first back-up block 8, determine unique positioning datum, the horizontal working accuracy inside wheel rim 1 and wheel hub 5 is high, for following process is prepared.
After car is rotated to another lathe, by step 1) in cutting face based on locate, the second back-up block 9 and the 3rd back-up block 11 are positioning datum; Be reserved with clamping step at wheel rim lateral surface, by outer sawtooth clamp 10, wheel clamped; Then carry out preparative treatment, stay certain stock left for machining, then be machined to finished size with the linear velocity of 250m/min, ensure roughness and surface finish.
Complete the processing of lateral wheel, reverse wheel again, processes inside wheel.Be machined to finished size with the linear velocity of 250m/min equally, ensure roughness and surface finish.
In step 3), 4), 5) in all relate to the processing of centre hole 6, the processing of centre hole 6 decomposes in each step by the method, single process can be avoided on the one hand to produce larger heat in metal cutting, ensure precision; On the other hand, spoke 4 is less with wheel hub 5 place thickness, and excessive radial dimension is stressed wayward, and during work in-process central hole 6 place, cutter can cause the deformation of spoke 4 at the other end to the force of cut of wheel and affect working accuracy.
In order to realize the installation of wheel, also need to process multiple through hole and tapped bore at wheel hub 5 place of wheel, general machine tool needs back-up block, hole machined cannot be carried out at wheel hub 5 place, if remove back-up block, due to wheel hub and spoke thickness less, be easy to deformation in compression, affect working accuracy, therefore adopt numerical control machining center to carry out hole machined in the present invention.
The chemical component weight percentum of this wheel is: C0.49 ~ 0.52%, Si0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn0.50 ~ 0.80%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.015%, Cr0.2 ~ 0.3%, Ni≤0.30%, Mo≤0.08%, V≤0.06%, Cu≤0.30%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element.
Preferred version in this material solution is: C0.51%, Si0.27%, Mn0.74%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.015%, Cr0.23%, Ni0.03%, Mo0.010%, V≤0.06%, Cu≤0.30%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element.
The embodiment scheme of different-alloy content is adopted in table 1 wheel
Embodiment 1 is option A, from the impact of alloying element on performance, for obtaining high intensity and toughness coordinates and can adopt microalloying.Si is intensified element important in wheel steel, to austenite and double carbide, there is strong solution strengthening effect, the content increase of Si can improve the thermo-responsive of material and fragility, a large amount of eutectoid ferrite is separated out, the intensity of steel and toughness reduce, and therefore the content of Si is defined as 0.20 ~ 0.40% by the present invention.
Mn is important alloying element in wheel steel, can form the alloyed cementite containing Mn, can reduce the forming core of alloyed cementite when perlitic transformation and long speed, improve quenching degree; Meanwhile, the busy austenite former of Mn, reduces pearlitic transition temperature, so the content increasing Mn can hinder pearlitic transformation, is conducive to the reduction of layer.
Cr and Mo is the forming element of carbide metal, and Ni can hinder the precipitation of eutectoid ferrite and pearlitic transformation.Alloying element is there is at double carbide and cementite interface in pearlitic forming process, and diffusion between double carbide and cementite and redistribution, a pitch of fins between pearlite layer is reduced, fine platy cementite can be made to show certain ductility under external force, be conducive to improving wheel steel intensity and plasticity.In the program, the tensile strength of wheel rim is 908MPa, and the tensile strength of spoke is 739MPa, and ball hardness HBW is greater than 250.
Referring to table 2, comparative example 1 is common CL60 wheel, and spoke and wheel hub adopt stock size design.Comparative example 2 is identical with the material in comparative example 1 option A, and the scantling of structure of comparative example 2 is identical with the scantling of structure in embodiment 1, and adopts the inventive method to process.
The alloy content table (percentage composition wt-%) of table 2 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2
The data of mechanical of table 3 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2
The fracture ductility K of table 4 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2
qvalue
Embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 contrast, and the spoke thickness of the present embodiment is less, but tensile strength, hardness and fracture ductility etc. are all in good level, substantially can reach the performance requriements of stock size wheel.In comparative example 2, material is different from embodiment 1 scheme, and the content of Cr, Mo, Ni is different, and the tensile strength of comparative example 2 and fracture ductility are not as adopting the wheel of the present embodiment materials processing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of rubber tire rail wheel of the present embodiment of the present embodiment, its basic structure and job operation identical with embodiment 1, its difference is: the thickness of wheel hub 5 and spoke 4 is 12.2mm, and last accurately machined turning speed Vt is 260m/min, and the alloy content of wheel is as the option b in table 1.Carry out tensile test, hardness test etc. after completion of processing, in tensile test, the tensile strength of wheel rim is 916MPa, and the tensile strength of spoke is 752MPa, and ball hardness HBW is greater than 250.
The alloy content table (percentage composition wt-%) of table 5 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2
Arrange comparative example 3 according to embodiment 2, as shown in table 3, the alloying element in comparative example 3 is identical with the alloying element in embodiment 2, and makes the scantling of structure of comparative example 3 identical with embodiment 2, and comparative example 3 adopts conventional machine-tooled method.
The data of mechanical of table 6 embodiment 2 and comparative example 3
The fracture ductility K of table 7 embodiment 2 and comparative example 3
qvalue
Find out according to comparing result, adopt conventional approach processing low with the wheel safety factor of size, owing to lacking rational fixed pedestal and processing technology, spoke thickness is less, easily there is thermal deformation in the wheel spoke place processed, cause disc place tensile strength and fracture ductility to reduce, have a strong impact on the quality of wheel.
Known through contrast, wheel of the present invention is lightweight, is suitable for rubber tire system and uses, adopt job operation provided by the invention, have higher working accuracy, in the course of processing, wheel not easily produces distortion, working accuracy is high, ensure that the intensity of thin-walled spoke, has higher service life.
Schematically above be described the present invention and embodiment thereof, this description does not have restricted, and also just one of the embodiments of the present invention shown in accompanying drawing, actual structure is not limited thereto.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art enlightens by it, when not departing from the invention aim, designing the frame mode similar to this technical scheme and embodiment without creationary, all should protection scope of the present invention be belonged to.
Claims (10)
1. a rubber tire rail wheel, comprises wheel rim, wheel rim, spoke and wheel hub, it is characterized in that: the tread of this wheel is that the tilting section of 1:10 and flat segments form by tapering, and the spoke of this wheel is identical with hub thickness, is 11.8 ~ 12.5mm; Rim for automobile wheel is provided with and scraps line, this clearing end scrapping line to the distance of tread is 0.62 times of wheel rim thickness.
2. a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: its chemical component weight percentum is: C0.49 ~ 0.52%, Si0.20 ~ 0.40%, Mn0.50 ~ 0.80%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.015%, Cr0.2 ~ 0.3%, Ni≤0.30%, Mo≤0.08%, V≤0.06%, Cu≤0.30%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity element.
3. a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the content sum of described Cr, Ni and Mo is no more than 0.5%.
4. a job operation for rubber tire rail wheel, is characterized in that: its procedure of processing is:
Step one, wheel steel to be heat-treated, and the wheel steel after heat treatment is rolled, slow cooling, prtreatment, form wheel blanks;
Step 2, the wheel blanks after prtreatment is quenched, temper;
Step 3, fine limit work is carried out to the wheel after step 2 process, be machined to given size.
5. the job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: when quenching in step 2, wheel blanks rises to 830 ~ 850 DEG C with furnace temperature, insulation 2.5 ~ 3h, and with asbestos patrix 12 and asbestos counterdie 13, wheel web is pushed down, water-spraying control 200 ~ 250s is carried out to wheel rim and tread place; During tempering, 480 ~ 520 DEG C of inside holding 3 ~ 4 hours.
6. the job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described asbestos protection mould is bolted by asbestos patrix and asbestos counterdie and forms, and the side that asbestos patrix is relative with asbestos counterdie and wheel web are fitted.
7. the job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the fine-processing technique in step 3 is:
1) wheel blanks after step 2 process is lifted on the first back-up block of lathe, and is clamped by interior serrated clips and clamp rim for automobile wheel wheel level is fixed, processing wheel nearside wheel edge, spoke and wheel hub, wheel hub roughness of surface≤Ra12.5;
2) change lathe the wheel that reverses, make the second back-up block support step 1) in the wheel hub surface of processing, the 3rd back-up block supports step 1) in the rim faces of processing, and clamp interior wheel rim face with outer serrated clips pincers; Processing wheel off-side wheel hub face, spoke face and wheel rim face, stay 5mm surplus, its roughness of surface≤Ra12.5; Then tread is processed, its roughness of surface≤Ra6.3;
3) process wheel off-side wheel hub face, spoke face and wheel rim face to finished size, on wheel rim, processing scraps line to finished size, then processes tread and wheel rim lateral surface, the roughness of surface≤Ra1.6 of each several part after processing; Machining center hole;
4) change to step 1) in lathe the wheel that reverses, according to step 1) in method fix, and the jaw of interior sawtooth clamp is changed to anodontia jaw, first back-up block increases rubber pad, make its upper surface higher than parallels upper surface 0.08 ~ 0.15mm, then process wheel nearside wheel hub face, spoke face to finished size, machining center hole, then wheel rim medial surface is processed to finished size, the roughness of surface≤Ra1.6 of wheel hub surface, spoke face and wheel rim medial surface;
5) machining center hole is to finished size;
6) utilize numerical control machining center on wheel nave, process 4 uniform tapped bore and 10 uniform through holes.
8. the job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 7, is characterized in that: step 1) in the first back-up block have 5,5 the first back-up blocks are uniform along lathe center shaft circumference; Described interior sawtooth clamp is evenly equipped with 3 along lathe center shaft, and interior sawtooth clamp and parallels interval are arranged.
9. the job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: step 2) in the 3rd back-up block and outer sawtooth clamp be provided with 3, and the 3rd back-up block and outer sawtooth clamp are along lathe center shaft circumference uniform intervals branch.
10. the job operation of a kind of rubber tire rail wheel according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the linear velocity Vt=230 ± 30m/min of lathe tool in finishing passes.
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| CN201510734604.3A CN105252961B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of processing method of rubber tire rail wheel |
| CN201710749101.2A CN107757245B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of method for fine finishing of rubber tire rail wheel |
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| CN201510734604.3A CN105252961B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of processing method of rubber tire rail wheel |
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| CN201710749101.2A Division CN107757245B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of method for fine finishing of rubber tire rail wheel |
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| CN201510734604.3A Active CN105252961B (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | A kind of processing method of rubber tire rail wheel |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110199034A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2019-09-03 | 蒂森克虏伯钢铁欧洲股份公司 | The method of wheel is produced in a manner of sheet material structure |
| CN110819779A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-21 | 安徽马钢表面技术股份有限公司 | Water spraying device for cooling outer rim surface of wheel |
| CN111098096A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-05 | 太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司 | Wheel machining method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105252961B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
| CN107757245B (en) | 2019-07-19 |
| CN107757245A (en) | 2018-03-06 |
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