CN105244741A - Large-mode-field ytterbium-doped optical fiber - Google Patents
Large-mode-field ytterbium-doped optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN105244741A CN105244741A CN201510744546.2A CN201510744546A CN105244741A CN 105244741 A CN105244741 A CN 105244741A CN 201510744546 A CN201510744546 A CN 201510744546A CN 105244741 A CN105244741 A CN 105244741A
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- optical fiber
- ytterbium
- sandwich layer
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-mode-field ytterbium-doped optical fiber. The optical fiber is provided with a core layer containing ytterbium at least, a glass substrate internal wrapping layer which surrounds the core layer, and a low-refractive-index coating layer which surrounds the glass substrate wrapping layer. Ytterbium concentration of the center of the optical fiber along any diameter direction of the core layer is the highest, and ytterbium concentration gradually reduces from the center to the two end points. Distribution of ytterbium concentration of the core layer along the diameter direction of the core layer meets Gaussian distribution. The optimized optical fiber output light beam quality is acquired by the design without reducing core layer doping concentration or changing bending property or increasing optical fiber preparation difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber, more specifically, relate to a kind of large mould field Yb dosed optical fiber.
Background technology
Doped with when injecting the pump light of certain wavelength in the optical fiber of rare earth element in sandwich layer, can population inversion be formed, will stimulated radiation be formed.Therefore, rare earth doped fiber is used to the flashlight amplifying stimulated radiation in fiber amplifier, and because the light amplification of stimulated radiation becomes to have the duplicate attribute of flashlight by the interaction energy of resonant cavity in fiber laser.Different rare earth element be entrained in corresponding wavelength excite lower can the light of radiation different wave length, and can very large spectral region be covered.
Wherein mix ytterbium (Yb
3+) optical fiber is exactly one in rare earth doped fiber.The flashlight that Yb dosed optical fiber can utilize the pump light that wavelength is 915nm or 976nm to realize near wavelength 1060 μm exports, use Yb dosed optical fiber laser can keep higher beam quality simultaneously, this character being different from traditional solid state laser, in retrofit, military affairs, the field application advantages such as range finding are more obvious.Along with large mould area double-cladding optical fiber is at fiber laser, the application of fiber amplifier, especially in high-capacity optical fiber laser, require that output ground, large mould field keeps the beam quality of single mode simultaneously, laser beam has less dispersion angle, far field also can keep less hot spot, such as mark or welding field, and the energy having the laser beam of better beam quality is more concentrated, energy density in unit are is higher, and the quality of mark or welding is higher.
But in order to keep the most direct effective method of single mode running to be the numerical aperture reducing sandwich layer from theoretical principle and process technology limit, but be subject to the restriction of material intrinsic, numerical aperture is difficult to drop to less than 0.05, can increase the bending loss of Yb dosed optical fiber in too low numerical aperture simultaneously.Prior art yb-doped double-clad fiber core refractive rate is distributed as step change type, and wherein mix ytterbium concentration, mix ion aluminium altogether, the distribution of the concentration of phosphorus is step change type, in the design of this Stepped-index when sandwich layer is more than or equal to 20 μm and sandwich layer numerical aperture 0.06, few mould transmission can be carried out.And wherein foundational model field intensity is Gaussian Profile, the mould field intensity distribution major part of high-rder mode is in the edge of sandwich layer; The beam divergence angle exported is large; Beam quality is good not.Therefore on large mode field area Yb-doped optical fiber, how to realize single mode running, also receive the concern of research institution of various countries and associated companies.And the method realized is divided into three major types substantially.First kind method is optical fiber filter mould technology.When fibre-optical bending to a certain extent time, optical fiber internal schema will give off optical fiber and loss, bending loss can increase along with the increase of pattern exponent number, and utilizes the difference of this basic mode and high-rder mode bending loss can filtering high-rder mode, realizes less the pattern even effect of basic mode transmission.And for example draw cone modeling filter mould, when high-rder mode is by light cone, owing to drawing the change of the rear core diameter of cone to produce higher loss, thus filtering high-rder mode, realize the running of low step mode.Equations of The Second Kind method is that optical fiber structure designing gain guides refractive index inverse-guiding optical fiber.Different from the gain fibre of routine, comparatively cladding index is low for this kind of optical fiber design core refractive rate, and the light of sandwich layer transmission can be radiated covering, and gain ion in the core, when pump light encourages, the gain that sandwich layer produces is formed gain guided to a certain extent and fetters light beam and transmit in the core.Photonic crystal fiber is considered to the design of best big mode field area fibers in addition, this optical fiber has complicated refraction index profile on cross section, pore containing different spread pattern, the yardstick of pore and optical wavelength are in same magnitude, the fiber core layer that light wave can be limited in low-refraction is propagated, and can realize single mode transport in wider wave-length coverage.Because basic mode in optical fiber and the high-rder mode mode distributions in optical fiber has relatively big difference, the distribution that can control the gain media in sandwich layer, to suppress the gain of high-rder mode, makes basic mode obtain maximum gain.3rd class methods are other special optical fibers of employing, as patten transformation optical fiber, and high-rder mode optical fiber, chirality coupled fiber etc.
Above-mentioned severally can realize in the optical fiber of big mode field area single mode running, bending method filter mould is better simply way, but the method is limited to little core optical fibers, once sandwich layer is comparatively large or numerical aperture is lower, bending loss difference between high-rder mode and basic mode reduces, the energy leakage that the modular belt of high power filter is simultaneously come can cause certain damage to coat, seriously causes coat to burn out.By drawing the method for cone to cause core diameter to diminish tempestuously, easily causing expendable damage at high power, being thus difficult to draw cone core diameter filtering high-rder mode by increasing.Other as photonic crystal fiber, high-rder mode optical fiber, exports although chirality coupled fiber can realize excellent pattern, promote output beam quality, but the preparation technology of often kind of optical fiber is comparatively complicated, high to the requirement of technique, realizing the application of large-scale business needs more innovation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the high light beam quality proposing a kind of big mode field area, keeping the situation that former fiber geometries design parameter is constant, change the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of mixing ytterbium in sandwich layer and make its output beam quality better.
Introduce summary of the invention for convenience, define and explain that relational language is as follows:
Sandwich layer: the circular portion 1 that optical fiber middle refractive index is higher is as shown in Figure 1 the optical waveguide layer of flashlight in optical fiber, and refractive index is n
1;
Inner cladding: as shown in Figure 1 near the part 2 of sandwich layer is octagon in the present invention, and pump light is mainly in inner cladding transmission, and refractive index is n
2;
Surrounding layer: as shown in Figure 1 in optical fiber near the parts of plastics 3 of inner cladding 2, be low refractive index coating, refractive index is n
3;
Protective layer: as shown in Figure 1 around the part 4 of the outermost of surrounding layer 3, its effect strengthens mechanical fiber optic performance and provides protection;
Particularly, the relation between the refractive index of sandwich layer, inner cladding and surrounding layer as shown in Figure 2.
A
1: sandwich layer diameter, unit is micron (μm);
A
2: the distance on any two relative limits of inner cladding octagon, unit is micron (μm);
NA
12: sandwich layer numerical aperture, the numerical aperture of the waveguiding structure be namely made up of sandwich layer 1 and inner cladding 2, definition is NA
12=(n
1 2-n
2 2)
1/2;
NA
23: inner cladding numerical aperture, the numerical aperture of the waveguiding structure be namely made up of inner cladding 2 and surrounding layer 3, definition is NA
23=(n
2 2-n
3 2)
1/2;
M
2: beam quality factor, represent the amount of laser beam and basic mode degree of closeness, beam quality is better, M
2more close to 1.
The material of described fiber core layer is the aluminium of silica based, ytterbium is mixed material altogether, or is aluminium, phosphorus, and ytterbium mixes material altogether; Sandwich layer is circular; NA
12scope of design is 0.04 ~ 0.09, is preferably 0.06 ~ 0.065; Inner cladding is octagon; NA
23design is more than or equal to 0.46, and sandwich layer diameter a scope is from 10 μm to 100 μm, and the distance b on any two relative limits of inner cladding octagon is from 125 μm to 400 μm.
The number of plies adopting vapour deposition process deposition to mix ytterbium sandwich layer is 10 to 140 layers, and for obtaining accurate ytterbium CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION, preferably the number of plies is 100 to 140 layers, and the largest diameter melting sandwich layer after shortening transparent solid rod into reaches 5-8mm;
Use wavelength 670nm laser testing to deposit mix ytterbium core refractive rate, core refractive rate is at 1.4578-1.4598;
Use wavelength 670nm laser testing covering, the refractive index of covering is at 1.4570-1.4573;
In fiber laser, emission cross section determines the angle of divergence and the beam quality of outgoing laser beams, ytterbium does maximum overlapping in the distribution of sandwich layer concentration with basic mode by the present invention in the intensity distributions of sandwich layer, make the basic mode in sandwich layer preferentially start vibration, thus the Laser output of more high light beam quality can be obtained.Be similar to Gaussian Profile along the concentration of ytterbium on sandwich layer arbitrary diameter direction, the highest along the ytterbium concentration at center on sandwich layer arbitrary diameter direction, reducing gradually from center to the concentration of two end points ytterbiums.The present invention increases the energy accounting of basic mode in final output mode as far as possible, thus realizes the object improving laser beam quality.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
If c (x) for the distance sandwich layer center of circle in sandwich layer diametric(al) be that the concentration of the yttria at x place is (with Yb
2o
3mass fraction calculate, as follows) ,-a/2 < x < a/2, if the Yb of fibre diameter center
2o
3concentration is C, then fiber core layer Yb in the present invention
2o
3concentration meets following relation at sandwich layer along the distribution in arbitrary diameter direction:
The scope of C, at 200ppm-2000ppm, is preferably within 1000ppm; 0.9< β <1.1, preferred β=1.Particularly, above-mentioned CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 4, fiber core layer refraction index profile of the present invention is also step change type, and ytterbium CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION is approximate Gaussian distribution on whole fiber core layer arbitrary diameter direction.This technical scheme, to the Double Cladding Ytterbium Doped Fiber of sandwich layer numerical aperture between 0.04 ~ 0.09, not reducing sandwich layer doping content, does not change bending property, does not increase the Yb dosed optical fiber beam quality improving optimization when difficulty prepared by optical fiber.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is fiber end face schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the refractive index profile schematic diagram of optical fiber of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is ytterbium concentration profile in fiber core layer in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the refraction index profile schematic diagram of fiber core layer of the present invention, and sandwich layer is Stepped-index distribution;
Fig. 5 is yb-doped double-clad fiber power output test schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each execution mode of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Build test environment as shown in Figure 5 and power output test is carried out to optical fiber proposed by the invention, particularly:
Embodiment 1.Keep optical fiber coil diameter to fix 30cm in test process: sandwich layer diameter 20 μm, cladding diameter 400 μm, β=1, sandwich layer ytterbium doping content is nearly gaussian shaped profile, with Yb
2o
3the maximum concentration that mass fraction calculates is 1000ppm, NA is 0.08, and test result is through signal transacting M
2=1.2, mode field diameter 15um, power output 130W, slope efficiency 70%.Test condition: the LD pump power output of two 915nm is 100W, raster center wavelength 1060nm.
Comparative example 1.Keep optical fiber coil diameter to fix 30cm in test process: sandwich layer diameter 20 μm, cladding diameter 400 μm, sandwich layer ytterbium doping content is step change type, with Yb
2o
3the maximum concentration that mass fraction calculates is 1000ppm, NA is 0.08, and other test conditions are identical with embodiment 1, and test result obtains M through signal transacting
2=1.8, mode field diameter 15um, power output 150W, slope efficiency 73%.Test condition: the LD pump power output of two 915nm is 100W, raster center wavelength 1060nm.
Embodiment 2.Keep optical fiber coil diameter to fix 30cm in test process: sandwich layer diameter 30 μm, cladding diameter 400 μm, β=0.9, sandwich layer ytterbium doping content is gaussian shaped profile, with Yb
2o
3the maximum concentration that mass fraction calculates is 1000ppm, NA is 0.06, and other test conditions are identical with embodiment 1, and test result is through signal transacting M
2=1.3, mode field diameter 23um, power output 132W, slope efficiency 71%.
Comparative example 2.Keep optical fiber coil diameter to fix 30cm in test process: sandwich layer diameter 30 μm, cladding diameter 400 μm, ytterbium doping content is step change type, with Yb
2o
3the maximum concentration that mass fraction calculates is 1000ppm, NA is 0.06, and other test conditions are identical with embodiment 2, and test result is through signal transacting M
2=2.4, mode field diameter 23um, power output 138W, slope efficiency 72%.
Embodiment 3.Keep optical fiber coil diameter to fix 30cm in test process: sandwich layer diameter 35 μm, cladding diameter 400 μm, β=1.1, sandwich layer ytterbium doping content is gaussian shaped profile, with Yb
2o
3the maximum concentration that mass fraction calculates is 1000ppm, NA is 0.06, and other test conditions are identical with embodiment 1, and test result is through signal transacting M
2=1.5, mode field diameter 29um, power output 134W, slope efficiency 72%.
Comparative example 3.Keep optical fiber coil diameter to fix 30cm in test process: sandwich layer diameter 35 μm, cladding diameter 400 μm, sandwich layer ytterbium doping content is step change type, with Yb
2o
3the maximum concentration that mass fraction calculates is 1000ppm, NA is 0.06, and other test conditions are identical with embodiment 2, and test result is through signal transacting M
2=2.9, mode field diameter 29um, power output 140W, slope efficiency 75%.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a large mould field Yb dosed optical fiber, it is characterized in that, possess at least containing the sandwich layer of ytterbium and the glass matrix inner cladding around this sandwich layer, and around the low-refraction coat of this glass matrix covering, Gaussian Profile is being similar to along the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of ytterbium on sandwich layer arbitrary diameter direction, the highest along the ytterbium concentration at center on sandwich layer arbitrary diameter direction, reduce gradually from center to the concentration of two end points ytterbiums.
2. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, meeting following relational expression along the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION c (x) of ytterbium on sandwich layer arbitrary diameter direction:
Wherein x is the distance of diametric(al) apart from the sandwich layer center of circle, and c is the ytterbium concentration that fiber core layer center calculates with the mass fraction of yttria, and β is correction factor.
3. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the scope of described x is-a/2 < x < a/2, and a is sandwich layer diameter, the scope of c at 200ppm-2000ppm, 0.9 < β < 1.1.
4. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described sandwich layer is circular, and the scope of sandwich layer diameter is 10 μm to 100 μm.
5. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described inner cladding is octagon, and the distance range on its any two relative limits is 125 μm to 400 μm.
6. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the numerical aperture NA of described sandwich layer and inner cladding
12scope is 0.04 ~ 0.09.
7. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the numerical aperture NA of inner cladding and low-refraction coat
23be more than or equal to 0.46.
8. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described fiber core layer is the aluminium of silica based, ytterbium mixes material altogether, or mixes material altogether for aluminium, phosphorus, ytterbium, and sandwich layer ytterbium doping content calculates maximum concentration less than or equal to 1000ppm with the mass fraction of yttria.
9. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the beam quality factor M of optical fiber
2scope is 1.2 ~ 1.5.
10. Yb dosed optical fiber as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, β=1.
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| CN106785838A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Portable hand-held 80W jointed fiber Optical Maser Systems |
| CN106936056A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-07 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of thermal capacitance cooling liquid laser |
| CN107017546A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-08-04 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | The high-power fiber highly efficient cooling device and method of modal loss control can be achieved |
| CN108333675A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-27 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of chirality coupling fibre core gain fibre and preparation method |
| CN108469652A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-31 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of optical mode adapter and preparation method thereof |
| CN108614323A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-10-02 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Gain optical fiber with longitudinally gradually changed fiber core size |
| CN108663745A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-16 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Yb dosed optical fiber |
| CN108761635A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-06 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Double Cladding Ytterbium Doped Fiber |
| CN109031516A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-18 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of large mode field Double Cladding Ytterbium Doped Fiber |
| CN110187437A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-30 | 深圳市创鑫激光股份有限公司 | A kind of triply coated fiber, pump combiner, fiber grating and optical fiber laser |
| CN111999795A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-27 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | High-power gain optical fiber capable of simultaneously inhibiting mode instability and nonlinear effect and design method |
| CN112068243A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-11 | 创昇光电科技(苏州)有限公司 | Large-mode-field triple-clad optical fiber, preparation method thereof and optical fiber laser |
| CN112114397A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-22 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Super-large mode field low-numerical aperture metal coating gain optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112764155A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-07 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Hard cladding rare earth-doped optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113176626A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-27 | 华中科技大学 | Large-mode-field optical fiber for controlling distribution of gain dopant |
| WO2022134109A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Fiber amplifier, wavelength division multiplexing system, and optical communication device |
| WO2022247395A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Erbium-doped fiber and preparation method for erbium-doped fiber |
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| CN106785838A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Portable hand-held 80W jointed fiber Optical Maser Systems |
| CN106936056B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2020-02-14 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Thermal capacity cooling liquid laser |
| CN106936056A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-07 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of thermal capacitance cooling liquid laser |
| CN107017546A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-08-04 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | The high-power fiber highly efficient cooling device and method of modal loss control can be achieved |
| CN108333675A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-27 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of chirality coupling fibre core gain fibre and preparation method |
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| CN108469652B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2020-09-01 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Optical mode adapter and preparation method thereof |
| CN108663745A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-16 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Yb dosed optical fiber |
| CN108761635A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-06 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Double Cladding Ytterbium Doped Fiber |
| CN109031516A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-18 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of large mode field Double Cladding Ytterbium Doped Fiber |
| CN108614323A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-10-02 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Gain optical fiber with longitudinally gradually changed fiber core size |
| CN108614323B (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2024-01-12 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Gain optical fiber with fiber core longitudinally graded in size |
| CN110187437A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-30 | 深圳市创鑫激光股份有限公司 | A kind of triply coated fiber, pump combiner, fiber grating and optical fiber laser |
| CN111999795A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-27 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | High-power gain optical fiber capable of simultaneously inhibiting mode instability and nonlinear effect and design method |
| CN112068243A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-11 | 创昇光电科技(苏州)有限公司 | Large-mode-field triple-clad optical fiber, preparation method thereof and optical fiber laser |
| CN112068243B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-11-18 | 创昇光电科技(苏州)有限公司 | Large-mode-field triple-clad optical fiber, preparation method thereof and optical fiber laser |
| CN112114397A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-22 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | Super-large mode field low-numerical aperture metal coating gain optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2022134109A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Fiber amplifier, wavelength division multiplexing system, and optical communication device |
| CN112764155A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-07 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Hard cladding rare earth-doped optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113176626A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-27 | 华中科技大学 | Large-mode-field optical fiber for controlling distribution of gain dopant |
| WO2022247395A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Erbium-doped fiber and preparation method for erbium-doped fiber |
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