A kind of method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemistry and Chemical Engineering Technology resource circulation utilization field, particularly a kind of method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts.
Background technology
Along with the development of communications industry, ev industry and digital product industry, the demand of people to battery increases day by day, and power, energy-storage battery arise at the historic moment.Country is releasing the investigation and application that many policies encourage large-sized battery, can predict in the near future, can produce a large amount of battery requirements; In the process of producing battery, produce the fraction defective of about 10%, calculate by the consumption of the anode material for lithium-ion batteries of annual 60000 tons, will the recyclable amount of 6000 tons be had every year; And battery uses all regular life-span, after battery stops, can disenabling stage be entered, can estimate a large amount of for generation old and useless battery with the growth rate of current battery; Therefore the based lithium-ion battery positive plate of these two aspects has a large amount of sources.Because based lithium-ion battery positive plate contains a large amount of noble metal, rare element, not only soil and water resources is harmful to, and there is abundant metals resources Development volue, so should not process as common house refuse, best processing mode is that circulating resourcesization utilizes.Within 2014, the end of to, the lithium ion battery that only China is discarded just has 200,000 tons, reaches more than 8000 tons in these old and useless batterys containing lithium according to statistics.The harm existed due to old and useless battery self and the value self being rich in non-ferrous metal receive the concern of more and more people, the recovery industrialization of the valuable metal cobalt in lithium ion battery, nickel and manganese, but in lithium ion battery, the recovery of lithium there is no successfully the case of industrialization due to technology and Cost Problems.
At present, the product of locating in the technique of lithium that reclaims from lithium ion battery reported is commonly lithium carbonate, reclaims technique that lithium prepares lithium carbonate and has that place demand is large, energy consumption high, causes that whole set process scheme efficiency is low, cost is high, economic benefit is not remarkable, and industrialization value is little.The present invention does not need through the process such as abstraction impurity removal, condensing crystallizing, as long as in acid-soluble and direct sinker, washing, drying after chemical subtraction, the complex lithium product salt that content reaches more than 98% can be obtained, technique simple Neng Mao is low, cost is low, has higher surcharge, is suitable for extensive industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, in order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, to provide a kind of method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts, realizing popularization and the large-scale production of in waste and old lithium ion battery and waste pole piece, reclaiming lithium technology.
Technical problem of the present invention is solved mainly through following technical proposals:
Utilize based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare a method for lithium salts, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) by based lithium-ion battery positive plate crusher in crushing, use certain density acid dissolve, filter the solution obtained containing lithium metal;
(2) use hydroxide solution adjust ph, with hydroxide, the nickel in solution, cobalt, manganese, magnesium ion are precipitated out;
(3) obtain only containing the metallic solution of lithium by filtration washing;
(4) the metallic solution pH value containing lithium is regulated with sulfate and carbonate;
(5) at a suitable temperature lithium is crystallized out, obtain LiAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6and LiAl
3(CO
3)
2(OH)
6compound lithium salts;
(6) by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filter, dryly must obtain pure lithium salts product.
Further, described step (1) acid solution is one or more mixed acid in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and the concentration of acid is 3-10 mol/L.
Further, described step (2) described hydroxide is one or more in NaOH, potassium hydroxide, and pH controls between 9.0 ~ 11.0, by nickel, cobalt, manganese, magnesium precipitation by metallic ion out.
Further, one or more in described step (4) middle sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and sodium sulphate, calcium sulfate regulate the pH of solution to 0.5 ~ 5.0.
Further, the metallic solution temperature containing lithium controls at 60-98 DEG C by described step (5), utilizes crystallization control method to stir 6 ~ 12 hours, obtains LiAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6and LiAl
3(CO
3)
2(OH)
6compound lithium salts.
Utilize the inventive method gained complex lithium product salt purity to reach more than 98.0%, lithium primary recovery is 80 ~ 95%, and the inventive method process is simple, and cost is low, is easy to suitability for industrialized production, has higher economic benefit.Because based lithium-ion battery positive plate is made up of on aluminium foil Material coating such as positive electrode, conductive agent, binding agents.Adopt method of the present invention to reclaim lithium from waste and old lithium ion battery and waste pole piece, there is following beneficial effect: 1) recovery process is simple, cost is low, there is considerable economic worth; 2) lithium primary recovery is high, reaches 80 ~ 95%; Effective 3) comprehensive cyclic utilization achieving waste and old lithium ion battery valuable constituent reclaims, and avoids the pollution of lithium to environment.4) the compound lithium salts utilizing this patent to prepare, can prepare any lithium product material again.
Embodiment
Below technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 3 mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add NaOH, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 9, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 0.5 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 60 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 6 hours, obtain LiAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6and LiAl
3(CO
3)
2(OH)
6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Element |
Li |
Al |
Ni |
Co |
Mn |
Content |
1.9% |
22.6% |
0.001% |
0.001% |
0.009% |
Embodiment 2:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 5 mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add NaOH, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 10, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 2 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding calcium carbonate and sodium sulphate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 80 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 8 hours, obtain LiAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6and LiAl
3(CO
3)
2(OH)
6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Element |
Li |
Al |
Ni |
Co |
Mn |
Content |
2.09% |
23.6% |
0.0009% |
0.005% |
0.006% |
Embodiment 3:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 8 mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add NaOH, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 10.5, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 3.5 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 90 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 10 hours, obtain LiAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6and LiAl
3(CO
3)
2(OH)
6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
Element |
Li |
Al |
Ni |
Co |
Mn |
Content |
2.19% |
23.6% |
0.0008% |
0.004% |
0.005% |
Embodiment 4:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 10 mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add potassium hydroxide, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 11, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 5 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 98 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 12 hours, obtain LiAl
3(SO
4)
2(OH)
6and LiAl
3(CO
3)
2(OH)
6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 4:
Table 4
Element |
Li |
Al |
Ni |
Co |
Mn |
Content |
2.18% |
24.1% |
0.0009% |
0.003% |
0.004% |
After the process of the present embodiment method, waste water, containing cobalt≤0.8mg/l, is less than the discharge index of 1.0mg/l containing cobalt.
The present embodiment is the execution mode of example of the present invention; for those skilled in the art; on the basis that the invention discloses application process and principle; be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion; and the structure be not limited only to described by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is preferred version, and does not have restrictive meaning; every equivalence done according to the present invention changes and amendment, all in the scope protection range of claims of the present invention.