CN105244562A - Method for preparing lithium salt from positive plate of lithium-ion battery - Google Patents

Method for preparing lithium salt from positive plate of lithium-ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105244562A
CN105244562A CN201510574765.0A CN201510574765A CN105244562A CN 105244562 A CN105244562 A CN 105244562A CN 201510574765 A CN201510574765 A CN 201510574765A CN 105244562 A CN105244562 A CN 105244562A
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lithium
positive plate
ion battery
solution
lial
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CN201510574765.0A
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CN105244562B (en
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李斌
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Ganzhou Lidao New Energy Co ltd
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Ganzhou Xinlong New Energy Materials Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Abstract

The invention relates to the fields of chemistry and chemical industry, provides a method for preparing a lithium salt from a positive plate of a lithium-ion battery, and aims at achieving popularization of a technology for recovering lithium from a spent lithium-ion battery and a waste pole plate and mass production. The method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the positive plate of the lithium-ion battery with a crusher, dissolving the positive plate with acid of a certain concentration , and filtering the positive plate to obtain a solution containing a lithium metal; (2) adjusting the pH value with a hydroxide solution, and precipitating nickel, cobalt, manganese and magnesium ions in the solution with hydroxide; (3) obtaining a metal solution which only contains lithium by filtering and washing manners; (4) adjusting the pH value of the metal solution containing the lithium with sulfate and carbonate; (5) crystallizing the lithium at a proper temperature to obtain a LiAl<3>(SO<4>)<2>(OH)<6>and LiAl<3>(CO<3>)<2>(OH)<6> composite lithium salt; and (6) washing, filtering and drying a crude product of the lithium salt, so as to obtain a clean lithium salt product. The purity of the composite lithium salt product prepared by the method provided by the invention reaches over 98.0%; the primary recovery rate of the lithium is 80%-95%; and the composite lithium salt product has relatively high economic benefits.

Description

A kind of method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemistry and Chemical Engineering Technology resource circulation utilization field, particularly a kind of method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts.
Background technology
Along with the development of communications industry, ev industry and digital product industry, the demand of people to battery increases day by day, and power, energy-storage battery arise at the historic moment.Country is releasing the investigation and application that many policies encourage large-sized battery, can predict in the near future, can produce a large amount of battery requirements; In the process of producing battery, produce the fraction defective of about 10%, calculate by the consumption of the anode material for lithium-ion batteries of annual 60000 tons, will the recyclable amount of 6000 tons be had every year; And battery uses all regular life-span, after battery stops, can disenabling stage be entered, can estimate a large amount of for generation old and useless battery with the growth rate of current battery; Therefore the based lithium-ion battery positive plate of these two aspects has a large amount of sources.Because based lithium-ion battery positive plate contains a large amount of noble metal, rare element, not only soil and water resources is harmful to, and there is abundant metals resources Development volue, so should not process as common house refuse, best processing mode is that circulating resourcesization utilizes.Within 2014, the end of to, the lithium ion battery that only China is discarded just has 200,000 tons, reaches more than 8000 tons in these old and useless batterys containing lithium according to statistics.The harm existed due to old and useless battery self and the value self being rich in non-ferrous metal receive the concern of more and more people, the recovery industrialization of the valuable metal cobalt in lithium ion battery, nickel and manganese, but in lithium ion battery, the recovery of lithium there is no successfully the case of industrialization due to technology and Cost Problems.
At present, the product of locating in the technique of lithium that reclaims from lithium ion battery reported is commonly lithium carbonate, reclaims technique that lithium prepares lithium carbonate and has that place demand is large, energy consumption high, causes that whole set process scheme efficiency is low, cost is high, economic benefit is not remarkable, and industrialization value is little.The present invention does not need through the process such as abstraction impurity removal, condensing crystallizing, as long as in acid-soluble and direct sinker, washing, drying after chemical subtraction, the complex lithium product salt that content reaches more than 98% can be obtained, technique simple Neng Mao is low, cost is low, has higher surcharge, is suitable for extensive industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, in order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, to provide a kind of method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts, realizing popularization and the large-scale production of in waste and old lithium ion battery and waste pole piece, reclaiming lithium technology.
Technical problem of the present invention is solved mainly through following technical proposals:
Utilize based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare a method for lithium salts, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) by based lithium-ion battery positive plate crusher in crushing, use certain density acid dissolve, filter the solution obtained containing lithium metal;
(2) use hydroxide solution adjust ph, with hydroxide, the nickel in solution, cobalt, manganese, magnesium ion are precipitated out;
(3) obtain only containing the metallic solution of lithium by filtration washing;
(4) the metallic solution pH value containing lithium is regulated with sulfate and carbonate;
(5) at a suitable temperature lithium is crystallized out, obtain LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts;
(6) by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filter, dryly must obtain pure lithium salts product.
Further, described step (1) acid solution is one or more mixed acid in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and the concentration of acid is 3-10 mol/L.
Further, described step (2) described hydroxide is one or more in NaOH, potassium hydroxide, and pH controls between 9.0 ~ 11.0, by nickel, cobalt, manganese, magnesium precipitation by metallic ion out.
Further, one or more in described step (4) middle sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and sodium sulphate, calcium sulfate regulate the pH of solution to 0.5 ~ 5.0.
Further, the metallic solution temperature containing lithium controls at 60-98 DEG C by described step (5), utilizes crystallization control method to stir 6 ~ 12 hours, obtains LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts.
Utilize the inventive method gained complex lithium product salt purity to reach more than 98.0%, lithium primary recovery is 80 ~ 95%, and the inventive method process is simple, and cost is low, is easy to suitability for industrialized production, has higher economic benefit.Because based lithium-ion battery positive plate is made up of on aluminium foil Material coating such as positive electrode, conductive agent, binding agents.Adopt method of the present invention to reclaim lithium from waste and old lithium ion battery and waste pole piece, there is following beneficial effect: 1) recovery process is simple, cost is low, there is considerable economic worth; 2) lithium primary recovery is high, reaches 80 ~ 95%; Effective 3) comprehensive cyclic utilization achieving waste and old lithium ion battery valuable constituent reclaims, and avoids the pollution of lithium to environment.4) the compound lithium salts utilizing this patent to prepare, can prepare any lithium product material again.
Embodiment
Below technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 3 mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add NaOH, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 9, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 0.5 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 60 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 6 hours, obtain LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Element Li Al Ni Co Mn
Content 1.9% 22.6% 0.001% 0.001% 0.009%
Embodiment 2:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 5 mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add NaOH, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 10, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 2 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding calcium carbonate and sodium sulphate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 80 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 8 hours, obtain LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Element Li Al Ni Co Mn
Content 2.09% 23.6% 0.0009% 0.005% 0.006%
Embodiment 3:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 8 mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add NaOH, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 10.5, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 3.5 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 90 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 10 hours, obtain LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
Element Li Al Ni Co Mn
Content 2.19% 23.6% 0.0008% 0.004% 0.005%
Embodiment 4:
Get 5kg to give up lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, use impeller rotation-type crusher in crushing, broken thing is put into and dissolves in bucket, in dissolving bucket, add 10 mol/L sulfuric acid solutions, until broken thing can not dissolve, keep temperature to be about 55 DEG C again; Filter, washing filter residue obtains Multicomponent metal ion solution and not by the conductive agent, the binding agent that dissolve.In Multicomponent metal ion solution, add potassium hydroxide, remain on 50 DEG C, pH value is under the condition of 11, Keep agitation, filters the metallic solution obtained containing lithium after reaction 6.0h; Regulate the pH of solution to 5 to containing in the metallic solution of lithium with adding sodium carbonate and calcium sulfate, and the metallic solution temperature containing lithium is controlled at 98 DEG C, utilize crystallization control method to stir 12 hours, obtain LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts, by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filters, dryly must obtain pure complex lithium product salt.
The composition of complex lithium product salt is as shown in table 4:
Table 4
Element Li Al Ni Co Mn
Content 2.18% 24.1% 0.0009% 0.003% 0.004%
After the process of the present embodiment method, waste water, containing cobalt≤0.8mg/l, is less than the discharge index of 1.0mg/l containing cobalt.
The present embodiment is the execution mode of example of the present invention; for those skilled in the art; on the basis that the invention discloses application process and principle; be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion; and the structure be not limited only to described by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is preferred version, and does not have restrictive meaning; every equivalence done according to the present invention changes and amendment, all in the scope protection range of claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. utilize based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare a method for lithium salts, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) by based lithium-ion battery positive plate crusher in crushing, use certain density acid dissolve, filter the solution obtained containing lithium metal;
(2) use hydroxide solution adjust ph, with hydroxide, the nickel in solution, cobalt, manganese, magnesium ion are precipitated out;
(3) obtain only containing the metallic solution of lithium by filtration washing;
(4) the metallic solution pH value containing lithium is regulated with sulfate and carbonate;
(5) at a suitable temperature lithium is crystallized out, obtain LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts;
(6) by the washing of thick for lithium salts product, filter, dryly must obtain pure lithium salts product.
2. the method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1) acid solution is one or more mixed acid in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and the concentration of acid is 3-10 mol/L.
3. the method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) described hydroxide is one or more in NaOH, potassium hydroxide, pH controls between 9.0 ~ 11.0, by nickel, cobalt, manganese, magnesium precipitation by metallic ion out.
4. the method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one or more in described step (4) middle sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and sodium sulphate, calcium sulfate regulate the pH of solution to 0.5 ~ 5.0.
5. the method utilizing based lithium-ion battery positive plate to prepare lithium salts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the metallic solution temperature containing lithium controls at 60-98 DEG C by described step (5), utilize crystallization control method to stir 6 ~ 12 hours, obtain LiAl 3(SO 4) 2(OH) 6and LiAl 3(CO 3) 2(OH) 6compound lithium salts.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108550941A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-09-18 昆明理工大学 A method of recycling the lithium foil that gives up in expired useless medicine complex ferrous sulfate preparation and old lithium pond

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102088124A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-08 佛山市邦普循环科技有限公司 High-purity polymetallic-element solid mixed salt and preparation method and application thereof
CN102163760A (en) * 2011-03-17 2011-08-24 江西格林美资源循环有限公司 Method for separating and recovering lithium and cobalt from positive electrode material of lithium battery
CN104241724A (en) * 2014-09-02 2014-12-24 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 Method for preparing battery-grade lithium carbonate from recycled lithium ion battery material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102088124A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-08 佛山市邦普循环科技有限公司 High-purity polymetallic-element solid mixed salt and preparation method and application thereof
CN102163760A (en) * 2011-03-17 2011-08-24 江西格林美资源循环有限公司 Method for separating and recovering lithium and cobalt from positive electrode material of lithium battery
CN104241724A (en) * 2014-09-02 2014-12-24 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 Method for preparing battery-grade lithium carbonate from recycled lithium ion battery material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108550941A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-09-18 昆明理工大学 A method of recycling the lithium foil that gives up in expired useless medicine complex ferrous sulfate preparation and old lithium pond
CN108550941B (en) * 2018-05-18 2020-02-07 昆明理工大学 Method for recycling expired waste medicine compound ferrous sulfate preparation and waste lithium foil in old lithium battery

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Address after: 341100 Jiangxi city of Ganzhou province Ganxian Economic Development Zone Gold Industrial Park

Applicant after: Li Bin

Address before: 341100 Jiangxi city of Ganzhou province Ganxian Economic Development Zone Gold Industrial Park

Applicant before: Ganzhou Xinlong New Energy Materials Co.,Ltd.

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Effective date of registration: 20230406

Address after: 341000 guantian Industrial Park, Chongyi Industrial Park, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province

Patentee after: Ganzhou Lidao new energy Co.,Ltd.

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Patentee before: Li Bin

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Denomination of invention: A method for preparing lithium salts using positive electrode plates of lithium-ion batteries

Granted publication date: 20171201

Pledgee: Jiangxi Chongyi Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd.

Pledgor: Ganzhou Lidao new energy Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2024980003438