CN105244248A - Radial structure continuous wave terahertz oscillator - Google Patents
Radial structure continuous wave terahertz oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105244248A CN105244248A CN201510702916.6A CN201510702916A CN105244248A CN 105244248 A CN105244248 A CN 105244248A CN 201510702916 A CN201510702916 A CN 201510702916A CN 105244248 A CN105244248 A CN 105244248A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radial structure continuous wave terahertz oscillator, comprising a annular metal top board, a radial transmission electronic beam, a slow wave structure, a metal transition waveguide inner cylinder, a metal transition waveguide outer cylinder, a coaxial output waveguide and a solenoid; a radial transmission electronic beam performs mutual reaction with a high frequency mutual reaction area constituted by the annular metal top plate and the slow wave structure under the guiding of a radial uniform magnetostatic field to convert the kinetic energy of the electronic beam to an electronic wave in the terahertz frequency band; finally, the radial transmission electronic beam is hit to the metal transition waveguide inner cylinder to be absorbed; and the terahertz frequency band electromagnetic wave is transmitted out through the coaxial waveguide. Because the radial structure continuous wave terahertz oscillator adopts the radial structure and the size of the electronic beam and the integral size of the radial structure continuous wave terahertz oscillator are increased, the output power of the radial structure continuous wave terahertz oscillator is improved and the processing difficulty is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to continuous wave vacuum electronics THz source technical field, be specifically related to one and be operated in continuous wave state, output frequency is greater than 0.1 Terahertz, terahertz wave band (Terahertz, Terahertz, 1THz=10 that power is greater than 1 watt
12hz) electromagnetic vacuum electronics device designs.
Background technology
Terahertz Technology obtains great development in recent years, and the THz source with certain power stage is the basis of Terahertz Technology application.THz source based on vacuum electronics can produce higher power output, therefore the research of domestic and international all Efforts To Develop vacuum electronics THz source devices, Muscovite Applied Physics research institute has carried out the experimental study of 1THz gyrotron, create the terahertz pulse signal that frequency is 1.03THz, power output is 1kW, the Feitian university of Japan has carried out the experimental study of terahertz wave band continuous wave gyrotron.Xibei Nuclear Techn Inst is around overmoded surface-wave oscillator, produce in theory, numerical simulation and experiment in THz wave and also carried out a large amount of research work, on CKP1000 and CKP3000 accelerator, experiment obtains the THz wave output that frequency is 0.14THz, utilize radiated far field power density integration method, measured power reaches about 2.6MW and 5MW respectively, and has tentatively carried out the theoretical research work of 0.14THz coaxial configuration surface-wave oscillator.In order to reach the power output of more than kW magnitude, Cyclotron and the additional guiding magnetic field needed for surface-wave oscillator of present stage development are general larger, superconducting coil need be adopted to produce the motion of high-intensity magnetic field to electron beam retrain, cause external equipment needed for developed vacuum electronics THz source very huge, be unfavorable for the generally use of vacuum electronics THz source.
Along with the development of Terahertz Technology and micro-nano technology technology, an important development direction of vacuum electronics THz source is the development of the horizontal THz source device of medium and small power output, can be used for the research field such as medical imaging and detection.Electron-beam voltage required for the type THz source is lower, electron beam density is less, along with the reduction of device operating voltages and the minimizing of electron beam density, required additional confining magnetic field adopts the helical coil of normally used permanent magnet and normal temperature also can reach, therefore the external equipment of whole THz source is simplified, and this has very important significance for the practical of device.When operating frequency due to vacuum electronics device reaches Terahertz frequency range, the electric size of device cross-section diminishes, cause the transmission size of electron beam less, the machining accuracy of device is more difficult to get guarantee, traditional cylinder high-frequency structure carves periodic slow wave structure in metal cylinder inside, when device operating frequencies reaches terahertz wave band, width and the degree of depth of groove reach micron dimension, more difficultly process the Slow wave structure meeting experiment condition, adopted the high-frequency structure of modular form can reduce the difficulty of processing, but the mode of operation of device can be caused to be more difficult to get control simultaneously, adopt dull and stereotyped slow wave structure can reduce Terahertz vacuum electron device difficulty of processing, improve power output simultaneously, researcher has carried out the numerical simulation study of the terahertz wave band backward wave oscillator of rectangle slow wave structure, but due to the unsteadiness of ribbon-like electron note, the ribbon-like electron note that width is narrower, transmission range is limited can only be produced.
In the electron beam proposed in the existing document device that radially positive direction is transmitted, the electron-beam voltage of employing is greater than 300kV, and this device can only be operated in pulse condition; Radial directed magnetic field intensity required for device is greater than 4.0Tesla, and permanent magnet can not be adopted to realize, and needs to adopt bulky superconducting coil, causes the more difficult design in exterior guiding magnetic field; Electron gun and high frequency interaction region link together simultaneously, are unfavorable for the independent design of electron gun.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce Terahertz vacuum electron device difficulty of processing, improving the stability of electron beam simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators, comprise guiding magnetic field generation device, electron beam generating device, high-frequency structure and output waveguide, described guiding magnetic field generation device is for generation of guiding magnetic field, and described output waveguide comprises inner core and urceolus,
Its special character is: described high-frequency structure comprises the annular metal top board and annular metal base plate that are oppositely arranged, described annular metal base plate is provided with slow wave structure on the face of annular metal top board, described output waveguide is arranged on the center of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate and vertical with annular metal base plate with annular metal top board, the urceolus of output waveguide is connected with annular metal top board, the inner core of output waveguide is connected with annular metal base plate, gap between annular metal top board and annular metal base plate and the gap between output waveguide inner core and output waveguide urceolus define restraints ripple passage,
Described electron beam generating device for generation of electron beam, the electron beam produced under the effect of guiding magnetic field from the edge of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate along the radial direction of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate towards the central transmission of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate.
Be more than basic structure of the present invention, based on this basic structure, the present invention also makes following optimization and limits:
Terahertz Oscillators of the present invention also comprises metal transfer waveguide urceolus and metal transfer waveguide inner core, described annular metal top board is connected by metal transfer waveguide urceolus with the urceolus of output waveguide, described annular metal base plate is connected by metal transfer waveguide inner core with the inner core of output waveguide
The inner surface of described metal transfer waveguide urceolus and metal transfer waveguide inner core is conical, one end that opening is large is large end, one end that opening is little is small end, and the large end of metal transfer waveguide urceolus is connected with annular metal top board, and the large end of metal transfer waveguide inner core is connected with annular metal base plate.
The inner core of transition waceguide of the present invention is as beam catcher, be that electron beam after electromagnetic wave energy is collected by kinetic transformation, electron beam is converted into the electromagnetic wave propagated along axis direction simultaneously at the electromagnetic wave radially propagated of slow wave structure area excitation, also plays a part to connect high-frequency structure and output waveguide simultaneously.
Because high-frequency structure is made up of metal base plate and top board, adopt the output waveguide of coaxial configuration, inner core is connected with metal base plate, and urceolus is connected with metal top plate, facilitates the fixing and integrated of device.
Guiding magnetic field generation device of the present invention is arranged on the outside of high-frequency structure, and described guiding magnetic field generation device is solenoid or permanent magnet.The radially magnetic field amplitude that solenoid or permanent magnet produce in the high frequency interaction region that slow wave structure and annular metal top board are formed is between 0.1Tesla to 1.4Tesla.
When additional guiding magnetic field is less than 0.1Tesla, well can not retrain electron beam, electron beam can be got in the slow wave structure of metal base plate, causes the damage of device, and cannot normally work generation THz wave; When guiding magnetic field is greater than 1.4Tesla, cause the generation device of external magnetic field bulky, this device cannot be made to be used widely, therefore, magnetic field amplitude of the present invention is between 0.1Tesla to 1.4Tesla
Electron-beam voltage scope of the present invention is between 1.0kV to 50kV, and the current density range of electron beam is between 5A/cm2 to 300A/cm2.Electron beam generating device is electron gun.
Terahertz Oscillators of the present invention is when normally working, and electron beam density needs to be greater than the current threshold that device can produce THz wave, and when electron beam density is less than 5A/cm2, device cannot normally work generation THz wave; And when electron beam density is greater than 300A/cm2, produce highdensity like this electron beam, the density needing the electron beam density of launching electron gun to carry out by a relatively large margin is compressed, to improve the density of electron beam, cause the difficult design of electron gun, the quality of beam of electron beam is deteriorated simultaneously, is unfavorable for reducing the difficulty of processing of device and improving the global reliability of device.
The material of high-frequency structure of the present invention and output waveguide is copper.
The technique effect that the present invention has is as follows:
1, radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators of the present invention, adopt radial high-frequency structure can increase the size of device, in slab construction, the slow wave structure of processing periodic is relatively easy, the electron beam that electron gun produces simultaneously radially transmits in the other direction, electron beam current density improves automatically, be conducive to electron beam in slow wave structure, encourage Terahertz frequency range electromagnetic wave, secondly electron gun is separated with high frequency interacting formations, therefore, it is possible to adopt auxiliary magnetic field to design the electron gun of function admirable.
2, the present invention adopts the electron beam of the radially transmission in the other direction produced by hot cathode, with high frequency interaction region generation non-linear interactions radially, be the electromagnetic wave energy of Terahertz frequency range by kinetic transformation electronically, such device can produce the electromagnetic wave that frequency is greater than 0.1 Terahertz, power output is greater than 1 watt.
3, the slow wave structure of the present invention's development adopts radial structure, and this structure can increase the physical dimension of whole device, thus improves the power capacity of device.
4, the slow wave structure of the present invention's development adopts process-cycle slow wave structure on flat metal, is conducive to improving the machining accuracy of slow wave structure and the assembling of device.
5, the present invention adopts the electron beam of radially transmission in the other direction, and in the process of electron beam transmission, the density of electron beam constantly increases automatically, thus when the density overcoming electron beam is lower, oscillator cannot export electromagnetic shortcoming.
6, the present invention adopts the electron beam of radially transmission in the other direction, and the electron gun of hot cathode is positioned at the outside of slow wave structure, can design by independent carrying out, facilitates the assembling of the design of electron gun structure and whole device.
7, electron-beam voltage of the present invention is not higher than 50kV, and low operating voltage can reduce the volume of primary electrical potential source needed for oscillator, is conducive to of the present invention widely using.
8, additional guiding magnetic field of the present invention is not higher than 1.4Tesla, and the amplitude of this guiding magnetic field is less, adopts common coil or permanent magnet just can realize, thus overcomes the problem producing huge external equipment needed for highfield.
9, the low-voltage radial oscillator that the present invention proposes can also be applied to the device development of other THz wave frequency range.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A is the structure composition schematic diagram of Terahertz radial structure continuous wave oscillator of the present invention;
Figure 1B is the structural representation of high-frequency structure of the present invention and output waveguide part;
Fig. 2 is beam width and position view;
Fig. 3 is the structure slow wave structure schematic diagram that the present invention is embodiment with 0.34 Terahertz radial structure continuous wave oscillator;
Fig. 4 is the present invention with the schematic diagram of the 0.34 Terahertz radial structure continuous wave oscillator transition wave band that is embodiment and output port;
Fig. 5 is the operating frequency schematic diagram that the present invention is embodiment with 0.34 Terahertz radial structure continuous wave oscillator;
Fig. 6 is the power output schematic diagram that the present invention is embodiment with 0.34 Terahertz radial structure continuous wave oscillator;
Reference numeral is: 1, annular metal top board; 2, radial transport electron beam; 3, annular metal base plate, 31-slow wave structure; 4, metal transfer waveguide inner core; 5, metal transfer waveguide urceolus; 6, coaxial output waveguide urceolus; 7, coaxial output waveguide inner core; 8, external electromagnetic coil.
Embodiment
The radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators that the present invention works under devising a kind of low voltage condition, adopt the electron beam of radially transmission in the other direction and the dull and stereotyped high-frequency structure of axial symmetry radially in the devices, device can produce with continuous wave operating state the electromagnetic wave that frequency is greater than 0.1 Terahertz, power output is greater than 1 watt at terahertz wave band.Embodiments of the invention are produced as with 0.34 Terahertz Electromagnetic Continuous ripple, adopt this programme to devise radial structure oscillator that operating frequency in low-voltage, downfield situation is 0.34 Terahertz, this device when additional guiding magnetic field is 0.7Tesla, can produce the power output of 40 watts.
As seen in figs. 1 a-1b, the present invention with 0.34 Terahertz radial structure continuous wave oscillator by annular metal top board 1, radial transport electron beam 2, annular metal base plate 3, slow wave structure 31, metal transfer waveguide inner core 4, metal transfer waveguide urceolus 5, coaxial output waveguide urceolus 6, coaxial output waveguide inner core 7 and external electromagnetic coil 8 form, the material of all metal materials is the higher copper of conductivity, the ohmic loss introduced is less, electric metal top board 1 and slow wave structure 31 form the high frequency interaction region of radial oscillator, external electromagnetic coil 8 produces uniform magnetic field radially, nonlinear ripple-bundle is there is with Slow wave structure and interacts in radial transport electron beam 2 under the guiding of this external magnetic field, produce the electromagnetic wave of 0.34 Terahertz, the transmission waveguide that the Terahertz frequency range electromagnetic wave produced is formed via coaxial output waveguide urceolus 6 and coaxial output waveguide inner core 7 axially exports, last the beating of radial transport electron beam 2 providing energy is absorbed on metal transfer waveguide inner core 4,
Figure 2 shows that beam width and position view; The size of current of radial transport electron beam 3 is 5A, energy is 20 kiloelectron-volts, electron beam width h2 is axially 0.1mm, the length h1 at positional distance slow wave structure 31 top on the electron beam left side is 0.5mm, electron beam center is in the axial direction 1.27mm apart from the length of annular metal top board 1, and external electromagnetic coil 8 uniform magnetic field produced radially is 0.7Tesla.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of radial high frequency interaction region of the present invention, radial high frequency interaction region comprises slow wave structure 31 and annular metal top board 1, the number of cycles of slow wave structure 31 is 40, in slow wave structure 31, the length R2 in each cycle is 0.12mm, the width R1 of slow wave structure fluting is 0.06mm, the degree of depth L1 of slow wave structure fluting is 0.18mm, the length L2 of the distance from top annular metal top board 1 of slow wave structure 31 is 1.92mm, and the distance from bottom of slow wave structure 31 is 2.0mm to the length L3 of annular metal top board 1.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of transition waceguide of the present invention and output waveguide, and transition waceguide urceolus 5 length L5 is in the axial direction 7.7mm, and radially the length R3 in direction is 3.9mm, and left port is connected with annular metal top board 1; Right output port is connected with coaxial output waveguide urceolus 6, and the radius R 6 of coaxial waveguide output port urceolus 6 is 1.0mm, and the length L6 along axis direction is 1.5mm.Transition waceguide inner core 4 length L4 is in the axial direction 0.82mm, and radially the length R4 in direction is 0.6mm, and left port is connected with annular metal base plate 3; Right output port is connected with coaxial output waveguide inner core 7, and the radius R 5 of coaxial waveguide output port inner core 7 is 0.2mm, and the length L7 along axis direction is 3.0mm.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is the result of calculation of the embodiment of the present invention adopting particle simulation software emulation, the computation model of the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, Fig. 5 shows that the device architecture of the embodiment of the present invention can produce the electromagnetic wave that frequency is 0.34 Terahertz, and Fig. 6 shows that the device architecture of the embodiment of the present invention can produce the power output of 40 watts.
Claims (10)
1. a radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators, comprise guiding magnetic field generation device, electron beam generating device, high-frequency structure and output waveguide, described guiding magnetic field generation device is for generation of the magnetic field guiding electron beam transmission, and described output waveguide comprises inner core and urceolus
It is characterized in that: described high-frequency structure comprises the annular metal top board and annular metal base plate that are oppositely arranged, described annular metal base plate is provided with slow wave structure on the face of annular metal top board, described output waveguide is arranged on the center of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate and vertical with annular metal base plate with annular metal top board, the urceolus of output waveguide is connected with annular metal top board, the inner core of output waveguide is connected with annular metal base plate, gap between annular metal top board and annular metal base plate and the gap between output waveguide inner core and output waveguide urceolus define restraints ripple passage,
Described electron beam generating device for generation of electron beam, the electron beam produced under the effect of guiding magnetic field from the edge of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate along the radial direction of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate towards the central transmission of annular metal top board and annular metal base plate.
2. radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described Terahertz Oscillators also comprises metal transfer waveguide urceolus and metal transfer waveguide inner core, described annular metal top board is connected by metal transfer waveguide urceolus with the urceolus of output waveguide, described annular metal base plate is connected by metal transfer waveguide inner core with the inner core of output waveguide
The inner surface of described metal transfer waveguide urceolus and metal transfer waveguide inner core is conical, one end that opening is large is large end, one end that opening is little is small end, and the large end of metal transfer waveguide urceolus is connected with annular metal top board, and the large end of metal transfer waveguide inner core is connected with annular metal base plate.
3. radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described output waveguide is coaxial output waveguide.
4. radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described guiding magnetic field generation device is arranged on the outside of high-frequency structure, and described guiding magnetic field generation device is solenoid or permanent magnet.
5. radial structure continuous wave THz wave oscillator according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the radially magnetic field amplitude that the high frequency interaction region that solenoid is formed in slow wave structure and annular metal top board produces is between 0.1Tesla to 1.4Tesla.
6. the radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the electron-beam voltage scope that described electron beam generating device produces is between 1.0kV to 50kV, and the current density range of electron beam is between 5A/cm2 to 300A/cm2.
7. radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described electron beam generating device is electron gun.
8. radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the material of described high-frequency structure and output waveguide is copper.
9. radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: electron beam width h2 is axially 0.1mm, the length h1 at the positional distance slow wave structure top on the electron beam left side is 0.5mm, electron beam center is in the axial direction 1.27mm apart from the length of annular metal top board, and external electromagnetic coil 8 uniform magnetic field produced radially is 0.7Tesla;
The number of cycles of slow wave structure is 40, in slow wave structure, the length R2 in each cycle is 0.12mm, the width R1 of slow wave structure fluting is 0.06mm, the degree of depth L1 of slow wave structure fluting is 0.18mm, the length L2 of the distance from top annular metal top board of slow wave structure 31 is 1.92mm, and the distance from bottom of slow wave structure is 2.0mm to the length L3 of annular metal top board;
Transition waceguide urceolus length L5 is in the axial direction 7.7mm, and radially the length R3 in direction is 3.9mm, and transition waceguide inner core length L4 is in the axial direction 0.82mm, and radially the length R4 in direction is 0.6mm;
The radius R 6 of coaxial waveguide output port urceolus is 1.0mm, and the length L6 along axis direction is 1.5mm, and the radius R 5 of coaxial waveguide output port inner core 7 is 0.2mm, and the length L7 along axis direction is 3.0mm.
10. radial structure continuous wave Terahertz Oscillators according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described output waveguide is coaxial output waveguide.
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| CN106783476A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of radially continuous ripple Terahertz of double frequency tiltedly notes pipe |
| CN106847652A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-13 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of coaxial continuous wave Terahertz of gradual change tiltedly notes pipe |
| CN109148242A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of electromagnetism wave oscillator |
| CN109872933A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | A method of reducing electron beam diameter to oscillating phase potential difference |
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| CN109872933A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | A method of reducing electron beam diameter to oscillating phase potential difference |
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