CN105243288A - Carbon emission reduction estimation method based on public bike system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon emission reduction estimation method based on a public bike system. The carbon emission reduction estimation method comprises the following steps: establishing a fuel vehicle datum line; confirming a public bike project boundary; estimating the datum line carbon emission; estimating the carbon emission of the public bike project; and estimating the carbon emission reduction of the public bike project. According to the estimation method provided by the invention, through the estimation for the carbon emission reduction, the concept of estimation for the carbon emission reduction is directly present to people, people can realize low-carbon, fashionable and healthy life and the potential vehicle usage amount is reduced, so that the greenhouse gas emission possibly generated in a traffic process is reduced and the problems, such as, urban traffic congestion, environmental pollution, and the like, are certainly relieved.

Description

Based on the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method of public bicycles system

Technical field

The invention belongs to carbon emission reduction technical field, relate to a kind of carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system.

Background technology

Low-carbon economy is the economic model based on low energy consumption, low stain, low emission, is the again major progress of human society after agricultural civilization, industrial civilization.Its essence is raising efficiency of energy utilization, exploitation clean energy technology, optimizes the structure of production, fundamentally changes the idea of survival and development of mankind.

Carbon transaction is for promoting Global Green House Gas Emissions Reduction, reduces global carbon dioxide and discharges the market mechanism adopted.Kyoto Protocol is the new route of the reduction of greenhouse gas discharge problem of representative using market mechanism as solving carbon dioxide, namely using right to emit carbon dioxide as a kind of commodity, thus define the transaction of right to emit carbon dioxide, be called for short carbon transaction.Correspondingly, China carries out CCER activity.CCER is Chinese CER, and English is ChineseCertifiedEmissionReduction.For guaranteeing the environmental benefit of CCER project, guaranteeing that project can bring long-term, actual measurable, extra CER, needing to set up a set of effective, transparent in exercisable evaluation method.On June 21st, 2012, National Development and Reform Committee has put into effect voluntary reduction of discharging management method.According to the requirement of " " 12 " control greenhouse gas emission programme of work " and " general office of National Development and Reform Commission is about the notice of carrying out carbon emissions trading pilot work " that State Council prints and distributes, as seven provinces and cities of carbon transaction pilot, specific embodiments has been launched respectively in Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Hubei and Shenzhen.

Along with publicity and the practice of amphitypy society, the trip mode of low-carbon green is more and more pursued, and the upsurge of building public bicycles system has been risen in all parts of the country.Trip can be taken exercises by bike, makes people more healthy, simultaneously also can protection of the environment, reduces air and noise pollution, relative to automobile trip, can effectively reduce carbon emission amount.Public bicycles provides the short distance trip solution of 1-5 kilometer for city, becomes the ingredient that Traffic Systems is indispensable, improves the utilization factor of path resource, alleviate road traffic congestion, solve bus trip " last 1 kilometer " difficult problem.On May 1st, 2008, Hangzhou is first-elected bicycle service system in China, starts the free lease for the public provides.Drop into 2997 service points altogether in by the end of June, 2013 by, 69750 bicycles, day the highest amount of renting 40.24 ten thousand person-times, the daily amount of renting 26.39 ten thousand person-times.The public bicycles in general city can be rented at any one public bicycles website and give back, and its Freight Basis is: free in 1 hour.But when going on a journey to another city, card of hiring a car originally just can not continue to employ, needing again to handle card of hiring a car could use, but often unpreferential.When people are in strange land for the first time, often more need lease public bicycles to solve trip problem, such system of hiring a car and mode are unfavorable for the utilization rate improving public bicycles, are also just unfavorable for reducing carbon emission.But do not have a set of carbon emissions evaluating method meeting public bicycles system at present, be unfavorable for the popularization that trans-regional public bicycles is leased.

Therefore; for the above-mentioned defect existed in currently available technology; be necessary to study in fact; to provide a kind of scheme; solve the defect existed in prior art, avoid the problem causing public bicycles system carbon emission reduction amount to estimate, after setting up effective public bicycles system carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method; it can be combined with CCER, produces larger environmental protection benefit and economic benefit.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system, comprises the following steps:

Set up fuelled vehicles datum line;

Determine public bicycles item boundaries;

Estimation datum line carbon emission amount;

Estimation public bicycles project carbon emission amount, datum line discharge capacity and the difference both public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount are public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount.

Preferably, the vehicles of described datum line are the vehicles using liquid fuel or fuel gas or living beings fuel blend or electric power.

Preferably, described public bicycles item boundaries is the discharge that the discharge that causes of public bicycles service point power consumption and public electronic bicycle running power consumption cause.

Preferably, described estimation datum line carbon emission amount comprises the following steps:

Determine trip mode kind under datum line;

Determine every passenger every kilometer of emission factor;

Determine the technological improvement factor;

Datum line carbon emission gauge is calculated.

Preferably, under described datum line, trip mode kind comprises: motorbus, passenger vehicle, taxi, motorcycle, subway, subway, light rail, wherein motorbus is in the available situation of data, separates large-scale, medium-sized, small-sized three subspecies classes by bus size.

Preferably, described every passenger every kilometer of emission factor, when using electrical means of communication or subway or subway or light rail, is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{TE}}_{REL,i,x}}{P_{REL,i,x}\×{\mathrm{AD}}_{REL,i,x}}\×{10}^6,$

Wherein,

EF _{pKM, i, x}adopt the i-th class vehicles every passenger every kilometer of CO=xth year ₂discharge capacity, i.e. every passenger every kilometer of emission factor (gCO ₂/ Pkm);

TE _{rEL, i, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles total release (CO ₂, unit t, i.e. tCO ₂);

AD _{rEL, i, x}use the mean travel distance (km) of the i-th class vehicles passenger=xth year;

P _{rEL, i, x}total psgrs. No. of (people, i.e. P) of=xth year i-th class vehicles transport;

When i=does not have a public bicycles project activity, corresponding vehicles classification, classification divides according to the type of the vehicles and the fuel that uses;

Before x=project operation or before PDD publicity, the nearest calendar year,

For the vehicles using electric power,

TE _REL，i，x＝EC _REL，i，x×EF _EL，x×(1+TDL _x)，

Wherein,

EC _{rEL, i, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles total power consumption (MWh);

EF _{eL, i, x}power grid marginalities emission factor (the tCO in=xth year ₂/ MWh);

TDL _x=xth year mains supply average transmit power and distribution loss rate,

For the subway, subway, the light rail that use fossil fuel,

${\mathrm{TE}}_{REL,i,x}=\underset{n}{\Σ}{\mathrm{FC}}_{R,n,x}\×{\mathrm{NCV}}_{n,x}\×{\mathrm{EF}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2,n,x},$

Wherein,

FC _{r, n, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles the total flow (quality or volume unit) of fossil fuel n;

NC _{n, x}the net heating value (MJ/ quality or volume unit) of=xth year fossil fuel n;

Passenger-milimeter number that existing xth year adopts the i-th class vehicles is reported, i.e. PKM operator _{i, x}time, available following formula obtains EF _{pKM, i, x}:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{TE}}_{REL,i,x}}{{\mathrm{PKH}}_{1,x}}\×{10}^6,$

PKM _{i, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles passenger-milimeter number (Pkm);

When using the fossil fuel vehicles, obtain EF by following formula _{pKM, i, x}:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{EF}}_{KM,i,x}}{{\mathrm{OC}}_{i,x}},$

Wherein,

EF _{kM, i, x}adopt the CO of every kilometer, the i-th class vehicles=xth year ₂discharge capacity (gCO ₂/ km);

OC _{i, x}adopt the average occupancy (people, i.e. P) of the i-th class vehicles=xth year,

For the average seating capacity of bus car, can also according to the average route distance of public car occupant, total ridership and bus car total travel distance are determined, computing formula is as follows:

${\mathrm{OC}}_{B,x}=\frac{P_{B,x}\×{\mathrm{AD}}_{B,x}}{{\mathrm{TD}}_{B,x}},$

Wherein,

OC _{b, x}=xth year bus average occupancy (people);

P _{b, x}=xth year the ridership (people) that transports of bus;

AD _{b, x}the mean travel distance (km) that=xth year passenger utilizes bus to go on a journey;

TD _{b, x}=xth year all motorbuses travel total distance (km),

If bus network operator or third party disclose passenger-milimeter number data, in the case, also can with following formula to OC _{i, x}calculate:

${\mathrm{OC}}_{B,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{PKM}}_{B,x}}{{\mathrm{TD}}_{B,x}},$

Wherein,

PKM _{b, x}=xth year bus passenger-milimeter number (Pkm),

If the equal non-availability of above data, then can Use Defaults.Car (taxi, minibus, private car etc.) ridership is defaulted as 3, and motorcycle acquiescence 1.5, bus is averaged 80% of capacity.

Preferably, the described technological improvement factor, increase discharge because the vehicles are replaced by more energy-conservation type or the vehicles due to reasons such as maintenances, fixing technological improvement factor IRi is selected to each vehicles, the technological improvement factor of all kinds of vehicles is default value 0.99, after considering technological improvement, every passenger every kilometer of emission factor is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,y}={\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}\×{\mathrm{IR}}_i^{y-x},$

Wherein,

EF _{pKM, i, y}emission factor (the gCO of the=the y every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

EF _{pKM, i, x}emission factor (the gCO of=xth year every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

IR _ithe technological improvement factor of=the i-th kind of mode of transportation.

Preferably, described datum line carbon emission amount is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{BF}}_y=\underset{i}{\Σ}\frac{{\mathrm{TD}}_y\×S_{i,y}\×{\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,y}}{{10}^6},$

Wherein,

BE _ydatum line discharge capacity (the tCO of the=the y ₂);

TD _ythe all passengers of=the y utilize public bicycles or public electric bicycle from borrowing car point to the total distance (km) of the traveling of returning the car a little;

S _{i, y}=the y, when not having public bicycles project, uses passenger's ratio (people, i.e. P) of the i-th class vehicles;

EF _{pKM, i, y}emission factor (the gCO of the=the y every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

Y=counts time phase.

Preferably, described public bicycles project carbon emission amount is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{PE}}_y=\frac{{\mathrm{EF}}_{PJ,km,y}\×{\mathrm{TD}}_y}{{10}^6}+{\mathrm{PE}}_{KR,y},$

Wherein,

PE _yproject discharge capacity (the tCO of the=the y ₂);

EF _{pJ, km, y}emission factor (the gCO of the public electric bicycle every kilometer of the=the y ₂/ km);

TD _ythe all passengers of=the y utilize public bicycles or public electric bicycle from borrowing car point to the total distance (km) of the traveling of returning the car a little;

PE _{kR, y}project discharge (the tCO that=the y public bicycles service point power consumption causes ₂);

Wherein,

EF _PJ，km，y＝EC _PJ，km，y×EF _EL，y×(1+TDL _y)×10 ³，

Wherein,

EC _{pJ, km, y}the electricity (kWh/km) that the public electric bicycle every kilometer of=the y consumes;

EF _{eL, y}the electrical network emission factor (tCO2/MWh) of the=the y;

TDL _ythe mains supply average transmit power of the=the y and distribution loss rate,

PE _KR，y＝EC _KR，y×EF _EL，y×(1+TDL _y)，

Wherein,

EC _{kR, y}the power grid electric (MWh) that=the y service point consumes;

EF _{eL, y}the power grid marginalities emission factor (tCO2/MWh) of the=the y;

TDL _ythe mains supply average transmit power of the=the y and distribution loss rate, or ${\mathrm{PE}}_{KR,y}=\underset{j}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}11400\frac{{\mathrm{tCO}}_2}{MW}\×{\mathrm{PP}}_{CP,j,n,y},$

Wherein,

PP _{cP, j, n, y}the rated power (MW) of the jth kind electric unit in the=the y n-th service station;

Use electric unit (comprising card reader, car locking device and illuminating lamp etc.) in j=public bicycle service station;

The quantity of the public bicycle service station that n=y comes into operation.

Preferably, described public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount, is obtained by following formula:

ER _y＝BE _y-PE _y，

Wherein,

ER _y=the y public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount (tCO ₂);

BE _y=the y datum line discharge capacity (tCO ₂);

PE _y=the y public bicycles project carbon emission amount (tCO ₂).

Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention for obtain public bicycles trip alternate track traffic and fuel automobile trip and obtain CER, the present invention is by the estimation to carbon emission reduction amount, this concept is presented in face of people intuitively, people are allowed to realize low-carbon (LC), fashion, healthy life, reduce potential motor vehicle use amount, thus decrease issuable greenhouse gas emission in traffic process, also to a certain degree relax the difficult problem such as urban traffic blocking and environmental pollution.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system of the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.

On the contrary, the present invention is contained any by the substituting of making on marrow of the present invention and scope of defining of claim, amendment, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding to the present invention, in hereafter details of the present invention being described, detailedly describe some specific detail sections.Do not have the description of these detail sections can understand the present invention completely for a person skilled in the art yet.

See Fig. 1, be the flow chart of steps of the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system of the embodiment of the present invention, comprise the following steps:

S101, sets up fuelled vehicles datum line;

Wherein in S101 step, determine that the vehicles of datum line are the vehicles using liquid fuel or fuel gas or living beings fuel blend or electric power, if use the clean fuels such as living beings, be then not counted in datum line.Datum line is based on road.

S102, determines public bicycles item boundaries;

Wherein in S102 step, determine that public bicycles item boundaries is the discharge that the discharge that causes of public bicycles service point power consumption and public electronic bicycle running power consumption cause, the spatial dimension of item boundaries comprises the geographical frontier that project occurs.The Origin And Destination set out due to user is not easy to control, and therefore, the area of space of project is the entire scope of the project implementation, is determined by the service range of public bicycles traffic system;

For the project activity that project activity service point is supplied by electric power, power plant all in the electrical network of this project access in item boundaries, also should be comprised;

Project activity must at least carry out and have public transportation system in three grades of urban areas; The city of public transportation system is not had, inapplicable method of the present invention before project activity is started; In the region that project activity is carried out, roadside, major motor track, city is provided with independent bicycle lane.

S103, estimation datum line carbon emission amount;

S103, estimation datum line carbon emission amount comprises the following steps:

Determine trip mode kind under datum line;

Determine every passenger every kilometer of emission factor;

Determine the technological improvement factor;

Datum line carbon emission gauge is calculated.

Further, under described datum line, trip mode kind comprises: motorbus, passenger vehicle, taxi, motorcycle, subway, subway, light rail, wherein motorbus is in the available situation of data, separates large-scale, medium-sized, small-sized three subspecies classes by bus size.The spendable fuel type of the above-mentioned vehicles comprises: gasoline, diesel oil, rock gas, biomass fuel and electric power.

Further, described every passenger every kilometer of emission factor, when using electrical means of communication or subway or subway or light rail, is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{TE}}_{REL,i,x}}{P_{REL,i,x}\×{\mathrm{AD}}_{REL,i,x}}\×{10}^6,$

Wherein,

EF _{pKM, i, x}adopt the i-th class vehicles every passenger every kilometer of CO=xth year ₂discharge capacity, i.e. every passenger every kilometer of emission factor (gCO ₂/ Pkm);

TE _{rEL, i, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles total release (tCO ₂);

AD _{rEL, i, x}use the mean travel distance (km) of the i-th class vehicles passenger=xth year;

P _{rEL, i, x}total psgrs. No. of (people, i.e. P) of=xth year i-th class vehicles transport;

When i=does not have a public bicycles project activity, corresponding vehicles classification, classification divides according to the type of the vehicles and the fuel that uses;

Before x=project operation or before PDD publicity, the nearest calendar year,

With the product of total flow rate divided by mean travel distance and total psgrs. No. of, the result obtained is every passenger every kilometer of emission factor;

For the vehicles using electric power,

TE _REL，i，x＝EC _REL，i，x×EF _EL，x×(1+TDL _x)，

Wherein,

EC _{rEL, i, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles total power consumption (MWh); In the vehicles situation using electric power, the research undertaken by municipal transport department or project participant or the third-party institution obtains;

EF _{eL, i, x}power grid marginalities emission factor (the tCO in=xth year ₂/ MWh); Obtain according to system official of State Grid data;

TDL _x=xth year mains supply average transmit power and distribution loss rate, obtain according to the datum line discharge computational tool that power consumption causes;

For the subway, subway, the light rail that use fossil fuel,

${\mathrm{TE}}_{RFL,i,x}=\underset{n}{\Σ}{\mathrm{FC}}_{R,n,x}\×{\mathrm{NCV}}_{n,x}\×{\mathrm{EF}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2,n,x},$

Wherein,

FC _{r, n, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles the total flow (quality or volume unit) of fossil fuel n;

NC _{n, x}the net heating value (MJ/ quality or volume unit) of=xth year fossil fuel n;

Passenger-milimeter number that existing xth year adopts the i-th class vehicles is reported, i.e. PKM operator _{i, x}time, available following formula obtains EF _{pKM, i, x}:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{TE}}_{REL,i,x}}{{\mathrm{PKM}}_{i,x}}\×{10}^6;$

Namely directly use total release divided by passenger-milimeter number (unit Pkm).

When using the fossil fuel vehicles, obtain EF by following formula _{pKM, i, x}:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{EF}}_{KM,i,x}}{{\mathrm{OC}}_{i,x}},$

Wherein,

EF _{kM, i, x}adopt the CO of every kilometer, the i-th class vehicles=xth year ₂discharge capacity (gCO ₂/ km);

OC _{i, x}adopt the average occupancy (people, i.e. P) of the i-th class vehicles=xth year,

For the average seating capacity of bus car, can also according to the average route distance of public car occupant, total ridership and bus car total travel distance are determined, computing formula is as follows:

${\mathrm{OC}}_{B,x}=\frac{P_{B,x}\×{\mathrm{AD}}_{B,x}}{{\mathrm{TD}}_{B,x}},$

Wherein,

OC _{b, x}=xth year bus average occupancy (people);

P _{b, x}=xth year the ridership (people) that transports of bus;

AD _{b, x}the mean travel distance (km) that=xth year passenger utilizes bus to go on a journey;

TD _{b, x}=xth year all motorbuses travel total distance (km),

If bus network operator or third party disclose passenger-milimeter number data, in the case, also can with following formula to OC _{i, x}calculate:

${\mathrm{OC}}_{B,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{PKM}}_{B,x}}{{\mathrm{TD}}_{B,x}},$

Wherein,

PKM _{b, x}=xth year bus passenger-milimeter number (Pkm),

If the equal non-availability of above data, then can Use Defaults.Car (taxi, minibus, private car etc.) ridership is defaulted as 3, and motorcycle acquiescence 1.5, bus is averaged 80% of capacity.

Further, the described technological improvement factor, increase discharge because the vehicles are replaced by more energy-conservation type or the vehicles due to reasons such as maintenances, fixing technological improvement factor IRi is selected to each vehicles, the technological improvement factor of all kinds of vehicles is default value 0.99, after considering technological improvement, every passenger every kilometer of emission factor is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,y}={\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}\×{\mathrm{IR}}_i^{y-x},$

Wherein,

EF _{pKM, i, y}emission factor (the gCO of the=the y every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

EF _{pKM, i, x}emission factor (the gCO of=xth year every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

IR _ithe technological improvement factor of=the i-th kind of mode of transportation,

Consider after technological improvement, the emission factor of y every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation is the technological improvement factor that the emission factor of xth year every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation is multiplied by y-x power.

Further, described datum line carbon emission amount is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{BE}}_y=\underset{i}{\Σ}\frac{{\mathrm{TD}}_y\×S_{i,y}\×{\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,y}}{{10}^6},$

Wherein,

BE _ydatum line discharge capacity (the tCO of the=the y ₂);

TD _ythe all passengers of=the y utilize public bicycles or public electric bicycle from borrowing car point to the total distance (km) of the traveling of returning the car a little;

S _{i, y}=the y, when not having public bicycles project, uses passenger's ratio (people, i.e. P) of the i-th class vehicles;

EF _{pKM, i, y}emission factor (the gCO of the=the y every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

Y=counts time phase,

When datum line discharge is not for having a public bicycles project activity, the discharge capacity that the different modes of transportation selected by passenger produce, depends on the vehicles selected by passenger.

S104, estimation public bicycles project carbon emission amount;

S104, estimation public bicycles project carbon emission amount, according to the existing actual conditions of China, the accumulator of electric bicycle and the electric energy main source needed for public bicycles service point are electrical network, if therefore project activity utilizes public electronic bicycle system, also need to consider that electric bicycle is because of the project discharge caused by power consumption.If project discharge is lower than 1% of the discharge of project datum line, then project discharge is in 0.To sum up, public bicycles project carbon emission amount is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{PE}}_y=\frac{{\mathrm{EF}}_{PJ,km,y}\×{\mathrm{TD}}_y}{{10}^6}+{\mathrm{PE}}_{KR,y},$

Wherein,

PE _yproject discharge capacity (the tCO of the=the y ₂);

EF _{pJ, km, y}emission factor (the gCO of the public electric bicycle every kilometer of the=the y ₂/ km);

TD _ythe all passengers of=the y utilize public bicycles or public electric bicycle from borrowing car point to the total distance (km) of the traveling of returning the car a little;

PE _{kR, y}project discharge (the tCO that=the y public bicycles service point power consumption causes ₂);

Above-mentioned formula is obtained by two partial summations, and Part I is main it is considered that the total emission volumn of the public electronic bicycle running of y, and Part II is the total emission volumn that the power consumption of y public bicycles service point causes.

Wherein,

EF _PJ，km，y＝EC _PJ，km，y×EF _EL，y×(1+TDL _y)×10 ³，

Wherein,

EC _{pJ, km, y}the electricity (kWh/km) that the public electric bicycle every kilometer of=the y consumes;

EF _{eL, y}the electrical network emission factor (tCO2/MWh) of the=the y;

TDL _ythe mains supply average transmit power of the=the y and distribution loss rate,

PE _KR，y＝EC _KR，y×EF _EL，y×(1+TDL _y)，

Wherein,

EC _{kR, y}the power grid electric (MWh) that=the y service point consumes;

EF _{eL, y}the power grid marginalities emission factor (tCO2/MWh) of the=the y;

TDL _ythe mains supply average transmit power of the=the y and distribution loss rate, or ${\mathrm{PE}}_{KR,y}=\underset{j}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}11400\frac{{\mathrm{tCO}}_2}{MW}\×{\mathrm{PP}}_{CP,j,n,y},$

Wherein,

PP _{cP, j, n, y}the rated power (MW) of the jth kind electric unit in the=the y n-th service station:

Use electric unit (comprising card reader, car locking device and illuminating lamp etc.) in j=public bicycle service station;

The quantity of the public bicycle service station that n=y comes into operation,

Above formula is conservative project discharge account form (the emission factor 1.3tCO based on specified power consumption ₂/ MWh, year hours run 8,760 hours), use the method only to need in the monitoring phase the total specified electric power determining annual all service stations, do not need actually to continue to monitor power consumption.

Obtain datum line discharge capacity and public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount by aforesaid S101-S104 step, the difference of the two is public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount, is namely obtained by following formula:

ER _y＝BE _y-PE _y，

Wherein,

ER _y=the y public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount (tCO ₂);

BE _y=the y datum line discharge capacity (tCO ₂);

PE _y=the y public bicycles project carbon emission amount (tCO ₂).

By the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system arranged above, for obtain public bicycles trip alternate track traffic and fuel automobile trip and obtain CER, make the carbon emission reduction amount estimated can participate in CCER transaction, thus obtain larger economy and environmental benefit, make public bicycles project better can realize sustainable development.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1., based on the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method of public bicycles system, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

Set up fuelled vehicles datum line;

Determine public bicycles item boundaries;

Estimation datum line carbon emission amount;

Estimation public bicycles project carbon emission amount;

Estimation public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount, datum line discharge capacity and the difference both public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount are public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount.

2. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the vehicles of described datum line are the vehicles using liquid fuel or fuel gas or living beings fuel blend or electric power.

3. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described public bicycles item boundaries is the discharge that the discharge that causes of public bicycles service point power consumption and public electronic bicycle running power consumption cause.

4. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described estimation datum line carbon emission amount comprises the following steps:

Determine trip mode kind under datum line;

Determine every passenger every kilometer of emission factor;

Determine the technological improvement factor;

Datum line carbon emission gauge is calculated.

5. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, under described datum line, trip mode kind comprises: motorbus, passenger vehicle, taxi, motorcycle, subway, subway, light rail, wherein motorbus is in the available situation of data, separates large-scale, medium-sized, small-sized three subspecies classes by bus size.

6. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, described every passenger every kilometer of emission factor, when using electrical means of communication or subway or subway or light rail, is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{TF}}_{REL,i,x}}{P_{REL,i,x}\×{\mathrm{AD}}_{REL,i,x}}\×{10}^6,$

Wherein,

EF _{pKM, i, x}adopt the i-th class vehicles every passenger every kilometer of CO=xth year ₂discharge capacity, i.e. every passenger every kilometer of emission factor (gCO ₂/ Pkm);

TE _{rEL, i, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles total release (tCO ₂);

AD _{rEL, i, x}use the mean travel distance (km) of the i-th class vehicles passenger=xth year;

P _{rEL, i, x}total psgrs. No. of (people) of=xth year i-th class vehicles transport;

When i=does not have a public bicycles project activity, corresponding vehicles classification, classification divides according to the type of the vehicles and the fuel that uses;

Before x=public bicycles project operation or before the publicity of public bicycles PDD, the nearest calendar year,

For the vehicles using electric power,

TE _REL，i，x＝EC _REL，i，x×EF _EL，x×(1+TDL _x)，

Wherein,

EC _{rEL, i, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles total power consumption (MWh);

EF _{eL, i, x}power grid marginalities emission factor (the tCO in=xth year ₂/ MWh);

TDL _x=xth year mains supply average transmit power and distribution loss rate,

For the subway, subway, the light rail that use fossil fuel,

${\mathrm{TE}}_{REL,i,x}=\underset{n}{\Σ}{\mathrm{FC}}_{R,n,x}\×{\mathrm{NCV}}_{n,x}\×{\mathrm{EF}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2,n,x},$

Wherein,

FC _{r, n, x}=xth year i-th the class vehicles the total flow (quality or volume unit) of fossil fuel n;

NC _{n, x}the net heating value (MJ/ quality or volume unit) of=xth year fossil fuel n;

Passenger-milimeter number that existing xth year adopts the i-th class vehicles is reported, i.e. PKM operator _{i, x}time, available following formula obtains EF _{pKM, i, x}:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{TF}}_{REL,i,x}}{{\mathrm{PKM}}_{i,x}}\×{10}^6;$

When using the fossil fuel vehicles, obtain EF by following formula _{pKM, i, x}:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}=\frac{{\mathrm{EF}}_{KM,i,x}}{{\mathrm{OC}}_{i,x}},$

Wherein,

EF _{kM, i, x}adopt the CO of every kilometer, the i-th class vehicles=xth year ₂discharge capacity (gCO ₂/ km);

OC _{i, x}adopt the average occupancy (people) of the i-th class vehicles=xth year.

7. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described technological improvement factor, be increase discharge because the vehicles are replaced by more energy-conservation type or the vehicles due to reasons such as maintenances, fixing technological improvement factor IR is selected to each vehicles _i, the technological improvement factor of all kinds of vehicles is default value 0.99, and after considering technological improvement, every passenger every kilometer of emission factor is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,y}={\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,x}\×{\mathrm{IR}}_i^{y-x},$

Wherein,

EF _{pKM, i, y}emission factor (the gCO of the=the y every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

EF _{pKM, i, x}emission factor (the gCO of=xth year every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

IR _ithe technological improvement factor of=the i-th kind of mode of transportation.

8. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described datum line carbon emission amount is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{BE}}_y=\underset{i}{\Σ}\frac{{\mathrm{TD}}_y\×S_{i,y}\×{\mathrm{EF}}_{PKM,i,y}}{{10}^6},$

Wherein,

BE _ydatum line discharge capacity (the tCO of the=the y ₂);

TD _ythe all passengers of=the y utilize public bicycles or public electric bicycle from borrowing car point to the total distance (Pkm) of the traveling of returning the car a little;

S _{i, y}=the y, when not having public bicycles project, uses passenger's ratio of the i-th class vehicles;

EF _{pKM, i, y}emission factor (the gCO of the=the y every passenger every kilometer under i-th kind of mode of transportation ₂/ Pkm);

Y=counts its time.

9. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described public bicycles project carbon emission amount is obtained by following formula:

${\mathrm{PE}}_y=\frac{{\mathrm{EF}}_{PJ,km,y}\×{\mathrm{TD}}_y}{{10}^6}+{\mathrm{PF}}_{KR,y},$

Wherein,

PE _yproject discharge capacity (the tCO of the=the y ₂);

EF _{pJ, km, y}emission factor (the gCO of the public electric bicycle every kilometer of the=the y ₂/ km);

TD _ythe all passengers of=the y utilize public bicycles or public electric bicycle from borrowing car point to the total distance (km) of the traveling of returning the car a little;

PE _{kR, y}project discharge (the tCO that=the y public bicycles service point power consumption causes ₂);

Wherein,

EF _PJ，km，y＝EC _PJ，km，y×EF _EL，y×(1+TDL _y)×10 ³，

Wherein,

EC _{pJ, km, y}the electricity (kWh/km) that the public electric bicycle every kilometer of=the y consumes;

EF _{eL, y}the electrical network emission factor (tCO2/MWh) of the=the y;

TDL _ythe mains supply average transmit power of the=the y and distribution loss rate,

PE _KR，y＝EC _KR，y×EF _EL，y×(1+TDL _y)，

Wherein,

EC _{kR, y}the power grid electric (MWh) that=the y service point consumes;

EF _{eL, y}the power grid marginalities emission factor (tCO2/MWh) of the=the y;

TDL _ythe mains supply average transmit power of the=the y and distribution loss rate,

Or ${\mathrm{PE}}_{KR,y}=\underset{j}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}11400\frac{{\mathrm{tCO}}_2}{MW}\×{\mathrm{PP}}_{CP,j,n,y},$

Wherein,

PP _{cP, j, n, y}the rated power (MW) of the jth kind electric unit in the=the y n-th service station;

Use electric unit (comprising card reader, car locking device and illuminating lamp etc.) in j=public bicycle service station;

The quantity of the public bicycle service station that n=y comes into operation.

10. the carbon emission reduction amount evaluation method based on public bicycles system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount, is obtained by following formula:

ER _y＝BE _y-PE _y，

Wherein,

ER _y=the y public bicycles project carbon emission reduction amount (tCO ₂);

BE _y=the y datum line discharge capacity (tCO ₂);

PE _y=the y public bicycles project carbon emission amount (tCO ₂).