CN105242639A - Numerical control machining feature customizing method - Google Patents
Numerical control machining feature customizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105242639A CN105242639A CN201510737886.2A CN201510737886A CN105242639A CN 105242639 A CN105242639 A CN 105242639A CN 201510737886 A CN201510737886 A CN 201510737886A CN 105242639 A CN105242639 A CN 105242639A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4093—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine
- G05B19/40931—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine concerning programming of geometry
- G05B19/40932—Shape input
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35001—Data input, data handling, programming, monitoring of nc
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control machining feature customizing method. According to the method, a user customizes a geometric shape and a machining process scheme of a machining feature according to machining resources of an enterprise, the structure of a part and the programming habit based on a three-dimensional CAD (Computer Aided Design) model of the part. The user customizes geometric elements of the machining feature and a connection relationship thereof, and a matching rule between geometric and machining processes is established according to key process parameters of the machining feature. A cutting parameter optimization model is established according to the information of the customized machining feature, to optimize the customized machining feature. An analytic program is established to accomplish association between the geometric elements of the customized machining feature and the machining process and realize automatic programming of numerical control machining of the customized machining feature, and a position to be detected and an adaptive adjustment strategy in the machining process are set out. The method can improve the programming efficiency and the programming quality of a complex structural member, shorten the manufacturing period of a part and simultaneously realize accumulation of enterprise process knowledge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of part by numerical control machining prgraming method, particularly relate to a kind of complex structural member digital control processing feature customizing method and application, mainly a kind of machining feature for complex structural member is carried out self-defined according to the Liquified gas tanker of user's part, realize the method that cutter path generates automatically, belong to CAD/CAM/CAPP field.
Background technology
At present, along with the develop rapidly of China's aeronautical and space technology, the application of numerically-controlled machine processed complex structural member is more and more extensive.Complex structural member numerical control processing technology is complicated, and the technological preparation cycle is long, and complex structural member has the feature of multi items, short run, and this just requires that the digital control processing of complex structural member has very strong capability of fast response.
Feature is the geometric configuration with certain Engineering Semantics, general relevant to application, has different intensions in different fields.In complex structural member digital control processing field, machining feature, as the carrier of processing technology knowledge, obviously can promote efficiency and the standardization of processing technology preparation, and ensure the stability of crudy.
ISO (International Standards Organization) ISO has issued the definition standard of machining feature in STEPAP224, but the feature structure defined in STEPAP224 is simple, and the processing of carrying is semantic simple, cannot meet the expression requirement of complex structural member.In traditional manufacturing feature application system, the definition of feature is fixing, the limitation of range of application is larger, and the underlying algorithm adding the modules such as needs amendment identification, process decision of new feature, poor expandability, simultaneously for different enterprises, there is between its part very large difference, the feature of constituent part also has very large difference, the machining feature of the fixing meaning of tradition has not possessed the universality of the complex structural member towards multiple enterprises, multi items, and this just proposes higher requirement to the definition of complex structural member machining feature.
For Problems existing in actual production, need a kind of machining feature user self-defining method badly, user is allowed to programme be accustomed to defining the machining feature of oneself according to the manufacturing recourses of oneself, the geometry of part and process characteristic, enterprise, system can resolve the data structure of user defined feature automatically, Auto-matching recognizer, realization character geometry associates with feature process scheme, automatically completes the process decision of part feature, the cutter path of generating feature processing.The method can improve programming efficiency and the Programming's quality of complex structural member, shortens the manufacturing cycle of part, can be good at the accumulation realizing enterprise's process knowledge simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for machining feature definition in complex structural member NC Machining Process fixing, the problem such as be of limited application, invent a kind of complex structural member digital control processing feature user self-defining method, realize the User Defined of machining feature, improve the applicability of machining feature, improve efficiency and the quality of complex structural member numerical control programming.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
1, by the geometric configuration of user according to the manufacturing recourses of enterprise, design of part and the self-defined machining feature of programming custom, the topological relation of definition machining feature geometric configuration and face, side attribute, and the crucial geometric parameter information of machining feature defined by the user and computing method thereof, for each machining feature self-defining gives unique identification, after the information interaction of machining feature has inputted by user, by structurized data representation machining feature; Finally, carry out feature identification according to the topological relation between user-defined machining feature geometry and face, side attribute information, and extract the crucial geometric parameter information of feature.
2, described user-defined feature structuring is expressed, it is the geometric element selected according to user, link information between the determinant attribute information of each geometric element of automatic calculating and geometric element and positional information, build the attribute face edge graph of defined feature, and realize expression and the output of machining feature geometric element with the tree structure of father and son's node.
3, described machining feature to be resolved, realize the identification of machining feature, it is the attribute face edge graph first building whole part, according to the structured layer level structure of defined feature, search qualified feature geometries element, build user-defined machining feature, extract the critical parameter information of feature geometries element simultaneously.
4, realize definition and the parsing of processing technology rule by the following method: use explanation type semantic rules to define the typical process scheme of machining feature, it is the interpreted languages rule that user provides according to the method, the exemplary process scheme of each element set of defined feature, define the typical process strategy of this machining feature, process redundancy, process operation, the parameter of process tool and correspondence, simultaneously according to the machining precision of feature, the critical parameter information such as surface quality set up process rule, the Processing Strategies corresponding to each concrete machining feature is determined with this, the parameter of process operation and correspondence thereof, the various process operations being this feature of processing by user click required driving geometric element, the driving geometric mode automatically selected by record, according to size and the process redundancy foundation rule of feature, determine to process the cutter needed for this feature, the middle machining state detected needed for this machining feature of User Defined, the condition in the middle of also can being triggered by User Defined needed for machining state detection.
5, Numerical Control Cutting optimization is carried out by the following method: according to machining feature information based on user-defined machining feature, set up the cutting parameter Optimized model of feature based, the geological information according to User Defined machining feature and technique information, obtain the middle machining state of feature, according to intermediateness information mechanical model coupling carried out to machining feature and calculate cutting force, distortion, the constraint conditions such as power, consider lathe, cutter and material information calculate the cutting parameter needed for various operations of this machining feature, comprise the speed of mainshaft, speed of feed, cutting-in and cut wide.
6, realize the numerical control auto-programing based on self-defined machining feature by the following method: according to geometric configuration and the user-defined processing method of user-defined machining feature, set up self-defined machining feature analysis program, analysis program is by reading the unique identification of self-defined machining feature geometric element line by line, by the judgement of key character, incidence relation between user-defined machining feature geometric configuration and user-defined processing technology is resolved, guarantee that geometric element and processing technology realize relation one to one, be optimized by the cutting parameter of cutting parameter Optimized model to each feature based on machining feature, consider machining deformation and machining path factor, machining feature is sorted, and then automatically generate the processing cutter rail of part.
8, the process self-adaptative adjustment based on User Defined machining feature is realized by the following method: formulate based on User Defined machining feature the processing problems occurred in process and carry out adaptive re-configuration police, carry out Processing Strategies adjustment according to different detections or Monitoring Data, comprise clamping adjustment and the adjustment of cutter rail; Formulate the rule that different machining feature is corresponding from different process operation self-adaptative adjustment, determine adjustable strategies according to rule.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
With the existing digital control processing based on machining feature compared with programmed method, the method that the present invention proposes allows user to programme be accustomed to defining the machining feature of oneself according to the manufacturing recourses of oneself, the geometry of part and process characteristic, enterprise, system can resolve the data structure of user defined feature automatically, Auto-matching recognizer, realization character geometry associates with feature process, automatically complete the process decision of part feature, generate the cutter path of machining feature.The method can improve programming efficiency and the Programming's quality of complex structural member, shortens the manufacturing cycle of part, can be good at the accumulation realizing enterprise's process knowledge simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that machining feature of the present invention is self-defined and apply.
Fig. 2 is the part that the specific embodiment of the invention uses.
Fig. 3 is the geometric element formation of the User Defined machining feature in the embodiment of the present invention, and for " cavity feature " of this example, wherein B_i represents bottom surface geometric element race; S_i represents side geometric element race; SC_i represents corner plane geometric element race.
Fig. 4 is the attribute face edge graph of User Defined machining feature in the embodiment of the present invention.Adopt the form of multidigit coding to represent connection between geometric element and position relationship, the coding in figure between each geometric element the 1st represents annexation: 0 represent without connection, and 1 represents recessed connection, and 2 represent convex connection; 2nd represents position relationship: 1 represents tangent, and 2 represent parallel, and 3 representatives are vertical, and " " represents other property values added.
Fig. 5 be self-defined in the embodiment of the present invention " cavity feature " generate the processing cutter rail of " web ".
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As Figure 1-5.
A kind of self-defined machining feature method of digital control processing, its flow process as shown in Figure 1, based on the three-dimensional CAD model of part, first by the manufacturing recourses of user according to enterprise, the geometric configuration of design of part and the self-defined machining feature of programming custom, the geometric element of the three-dimensional model of part is clicked by interactive interface, topological relation selected by automatic record between geometric element and face, side attribute, the crucial geometric parameter information of machining feature defined by the user and computing method thereof, for each machining feature self-defining gives unique identification, after the information interaction of machining feature has inputted by user, by structurized data representation machining feature, carry out feature identification according to the topological relation between user-defined machining feature geometry and face, side attribute information, and extract the crucial geometric parameter information of feature.In the process can by the typical process of user's self-defined machining feature in the form of rules, provide the typical process strategy of this machining feature, process redundancy, process operation and parameter thereof, set up rule according to the machining precision of feature, crucial geometric parameter information, determine Processing Strategies, process operation and the parameter thereof required for each concrete machining feature with this; The various process operations being this feature of processing by user click required driving geometric element, the driving geometric mode automatically selected by record; Determine to process the cutter needed for this feature according to the size of feature and process redundancy; The middle machining state detected needed for this machining feature of User Defined, the condition in the middle of also can being triggered by User Defined needed for machining state detection.Can according to the geometric configuration of User Defined machining feature and size, middle machining state when setting up cutting parameter Optimized model based on machining feature, consider that lathe, cutter and material information calculate the cutting parameter needed for various operations of this machining feature, comprise the speed of mainshaft, speed of feed, cutting-in and cut wide.Can according to the geometric configuration of user-defined machining feature and user-defined processing technology when carrying out numerical control auto-programing based on self-defined machining feature, set up analysis program, user-defined machining feature geometric configuration, user-defined processing technology and the incidence relation between them are resolved, automatically the cutting parameter of each feature is calculated by the cutting parameter Optimized model based on machining feature, consider machining deformation and machining path factor, machining feature is sorted, and then automatically generates the processing cutter rail of part.If should adaptive re-configuration police be carried out when formulating and occurring processing problems in process, carry out Processing Strategies adjustment according to different detections or Monitoring Data, comprise clamping adjustment and the adjustment of cutter rail; Formulate the rule that different machining feature is corresponding from different process operation self-adaptative adjustment, determine adjustable strategies according to rule.
Be further elaborated for the cavity feature aircraft structure shown in Fig. 2 below:
As shown in Figure 2, the typical cavity feature chosen in aircraft structure is example, and digital control processing self-defined machining feature step is as follows:
1, user is according to the custom of the manufacturing recourses of enterprise, design of part feature, processing method and enterprise's programming, is selected the geometric constitution element of institute's defined feature by interactive interface, all of comprising in the a-quadrant in selection figure, as shown in Figure 3.Simultaneously be aided with for special situation the Engineering Semantics that the method specifies to illustrate.
2, the topological relation between selected geometric element, position relationship and face, limit geometric attribute is automatically calculated, build the attribute face edge graph of defined feature, as shown in Figure 4, multidigit is wherein adopted to encode relations such as representing connection between geometric element and position between each geometric element, 1st represents annexation: 0 represents without connecting, 1 represents recessed connection, and 2 represent convex connection; 2nd represents position relationship: 1 represents tangent, and 2 represent parallel, and 3 representatives are vertical, and " " represents other property values added.Crucial geometric parameter information and the computing method thereof of processing semantical definition machining feature are adopted by user, if the geometric element of geometric element race S_i is more than 3, and geometric element race B_i is when having public geometric element each other, can think when the first two feature can combine, form assemblage characteristic.
3, adopt key word " cavity feature " for self-defining machining feature imparting unique identification, the information of the attribute face edge graph of institute's defined feature and user interactions input is merged, is completed the expression of self-defined machining feature by the data model of father and son's node tree structure.
4, user is according to the geometric configuration of institute's defined feature and feature, defines the Processing Strategies of each geometric element race of " cavity feature ", process redundancy, process operation and parameter.For " web " geometry of " cavity feature ", adopt the Processing Strategies of end mill milling, be set to 0mm for accurately machined process redundancy, adopt Pocketing process operation.Semantical definition method for the process program of this example " web " is as follows:
OperationType=Pocketing; // definition process operation type is Pocketing
#DefineRough_Information//appointment roughing information
Rough.Side_Allowance=3//definition roughing side surplus is 3mm
Rough.Bottom_Allowance=3//definition roughing bottom surface surplus is 3mm
Rough.Tool=D32*30*80R2//define rough machined cutter is diameter 32mm, and edge length is 30mm, and tool length is 80mm, and cutter base angle radius is 2mm
#DefineTool_Information//definition process tool information
Tool.Name=T0001//definition cutter name is called T0001
Tool.Parameters=D12*30*80R1//definition tool diameter is 12mm, edge length 30mm, tool length 80mm, and cutter base angle radius is 1mm
#DefineMachining_Information//definition machining information
Machining.ToolPathStyle=1//1 represents tool path pattern Outwardhelical
Machining.Machining.DirectionOfCut=1//1 represents cutting way Climb
Machining.Machining.tolerance=0.01//definition machining tolerance is 0.01
Machining.Nachining.FixAccuracy=0.01//definition clamping precision is 0.01
Machining.Radial.Mode=1//1 represents ultimate range Maximumdistance
Machining.Radial.Distance=9//define radial ultimate range is 9mm
Machining.Axial.Mode=1//1 represents maximum cutting-in Maximumdepthofcut
Machining.Axial.MaxDepth=4//definition axially maximum cutting-in is 4mm
#DefineFeedrate_Information//definition feeding hastens information
Feedrate.AutoCompute=1//1 is represented as true True
Feedrate.Approach=300//definition feed velocity is 300
Feedrate.Retract=1000//definition withdrawing speed is 1000
#DefineApproachANDRetract_Information//definition advance and retreat cutter array mode
The combination of Approach=Helix+Axial+UpToPlane//definition feed
The parameter of #SubDefineApproachParameters//each element of definition feed
Helix.radius=6//definition radius of spin is 6mm
Helix.height=3.5//definition helical length is 3.5mm
Helix.angle=3//definition helix angle is 3 degree
Axial.Distance=5//definition axial distance is 5mm
The combination of Retract=Circular+Axial+UpToPlane//definition withdrawing
The parameter of #SubDefineApproachParameters//each element of definition withdrawing
Circular.AngleSector=45//
Circular.AngleOrientation=3//
Circular.Radius=5//definition arc radius is 5mm
Axial.Distance=10//definition axial distance is 10mm
Clearance=ToSafetyPlane//definition Clearance mode is for arriving security plane
……
Note: parasang defined here is mm; Angular unit is °; Speed is mm/min;
Here user can parameter required for the requirement definition of oneself, and the global parameter that some auxiliary parameters also can adopt system to provide, can define separately here.
5, according to geometric element and the geometric parameter definition processing method of key, formation process rule.According to the key parameter such as machining precision, surfaceness that Element Design requires, set up the machined parameters meeting rule request, if machining precision is less than 0.01, the cutting depth so processed is 2mm, speed of feed is 8000, the machined parameters that all the other geometric elements not meeting rule condition will adopt the overall situation to arrange.The program representation of the part rule defined for this example is:
#Definerules
IFMachining.accuracy<0.1//definition rule condition: machining precision is less than 0.1
The maximum cutting-in of THENMachining.Axial.MaxDepth=2//axis is 2mm
Feedrate.Machining=8000//processing speed of feed is 8000mm/min
……
IFGeoElementsDepth>20//definition rule condition: the geometric element degree of depth is greater than 20mm
THENLayeredMachining=TRUE//employing layering processing mode is TRUE
LayerHeight=20//arrange layer height is 20mm
……
6, for the process operation defined, user defines the driving geometric element corresponding to this operation, and the computing method of driving element.Pocketing for " web " in " cavity feature " operates, and definition drives geometry be " web surface " outer annular edge as driving geometric element, gets final product the driving geometric element of automatic acquisition " cavity feature " correspondence after having defined in process decision module; Profile for " inner mold " in " cavity feature " operates, and definition drives geometry to be the geometric element forming " inner mold ", i.e. the side geometry collection of " cavity feature ":
#DefineDriveGeometryforpocketing//definition pocketing drives geometry
Machining.DriveGeometry=FaceListOfBottom [1] .Outloop//driving geometry is bottom surface outer annular edge
#DefineDriveGeometryforprofile//definition profile drives geometry
Machining.DriveGeometry=FaceListOfSide//driving geometry is side geometric element.
7, for needing the problem detecting crudy in part process, take machining feature as carrier, the detection method that defined feature is corresponding and detection position, the middle machining state of cavity feature is detected as the thickness detecting web surface after roughing.
8, according to user-defined machining feature type, size and parameter, cutting parameter optimization is carried out based on machining feature, according to geometric configuration and size, intermediateness, lathe information, cutter and the material information of feature, the cutting parameter of institute's defined feature process operation is optimized.Concrete grammar is shown in Chinese invention patent: " the Flight Structures NC Machining processing cutting parameter optimization method based on intermediate features ".
9, by technologist's interactive operation and analysis program, analysis program is by reading the unique identification of self-defined machining feature geometric element line by line, by the judgement of key character, it is made to mate with machining feature typical process regular scheme, set up the geometric element of User Defined machining feature and associating of self-defining processing technology, make the processing method that each geometric element race correspondence one is unique.
For the geometric element determined and processing method, the geometric element required for processing cutter rail and the machined parameters in respective operations is generated by extracting, and realize the automatic assignment of each machined parameters, and then automatically generate the processing cutter rail of machining feature, realize the automated programming of User Defined machining feature, the cutter rail generated as shown in Figure 5.
10, formulate the processing problems occurred in User Defined machining feature process and carry out adaptive re-configuration police, carry out Processing Strategies adjustment according to different detections or Monitoring Data, comprise clamping adjustment and the adjustment of cutter rail; Formulate the rule that different machining feature is corresponding from different process operation self-adaptative adjustment, determine adjustable strategies according to rule.Concrete method is shown in that application number is: 201310173715.2, and name is called. the Chinese invention patent application of " method of the digital control processing monitoring detection trigger of feature based ".
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (7)
1. the self-defined machining feature method of digital control processing, it is characterized in that by the geometric configuration of user according to the manufacturing recourses of enterprise, design of part and the self-defined machining feature of programming custom, the topological relation of definition machining feature geometric configuration and face, side attribute, and the crucial geometric parameter information of machining feature defined by the user and computing method thereof, for each machining feature self-defining gives unique identification, after the information interaction of machining feature has inputted by user, by structurized data representation machining feature; Finally, carry out feature identification according to the topological relation between user-defined machining feature geometry and face, side attribute information, and extract the crucial geometric parameter information of feature.
2. the self-defined machining feature method of a kind of digital control processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described user-defined feature structuring is expressed, it is the geometric element selected according to user, link information between the determinant attribute information of each geometric element of automatic calculating and geometric element and positional information, build the attribute face edge graph of defined feature, and realize expression and the output of machining feature geometric element with the tree structure of father and son's node.
3. the self-defined machining feature method of a kind of digital control processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described machining feature is resolved, realize the identification of machining feature, it is the attribute face edge graph first building whole part, according to the structured layer level structure of defined feature, search qualified feature geometries element, build user-defined machining feature, extract the critical parameter information of feature geometries element simultaneously.
4. the self-defined machining feature method of a kind of digital control processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the definition and the parsing that realize processing technology rule by the following method: use explanation type semantic rules to define the typical process scheme of machining feature, it is the interpreted languages rule that user provides according to the method, the exemplary process scheme of each element set of defined feature, define the typical process strategy of this machining feature, process redundancy, process operation, the parameter of process tool and correspondence, simultaneously according to the machining precision of feature, the critical parameter information such as surface quality set up process rule, the Processing Strategies corresponding to each concrete machining feature is determined with this, the parameter of process operation and correspondence thereof, the various process operations being this feature of processing by user click required driving geometric element, the driving geometric mode automatically selected by record, according to size and the process redundancy foundation rule of feature, determine to process the cutter needed for this feature, the middle machining state detected needed for this machining feature of User Defined, the condition in the middle of also can being triggered by User Defined needed for machining state detection.
5. the self-defined machining feature method of digital control processing, it is characterized in that carrying out Numerical Control Cutting optimization based on user-defined machining feature by the following method: according to machining feature information, set up the cutting parameter Optimized model of feature based, the geological information according to User Defined machining feature and technique information, obtain the middle machining state of feature, according to intermediateness information mechanical model coupling carried out to machining feature and calculate cutting force, distortion, the constraint conditions such as power, consider lathe, cutter and material information calculate the cutting parameter needed for various operations of this machining feature, comprise the speed of mainshaft, speed of feed, cutting-in and cut wide.
6. the self-defined machining feature method of digital control processing, it is characterized in that realizing the numerical control auto-programing based on self-defined machining feature by the following method: according to geometric configuration and the user-defined processing method of user-defined machining feature, set up self-defined machining feature analysis program, analysis program is by reading the unique identification of self-defined machining feature geometric element line by line, by the judgement of key character, incidence relation between user-defined machining feature geometric configuration and user-defined processing technology is resolved, guarantee that geometric element and processing technology realize relation one to one, be optimized by the cutting parameter of cutting parameter Optimized model to each feature based on machining feature, consider machining deformation and machining path factor, machining feature is sorted, and then automatically generate the processing cutter rail of part.
7. the self-defined machining feature method of digital control processing, it is characterized in that realizing the process self-adaptative adjustment based on User Defined machining feature by the following method: formulate based on User Defined machining feature the processing problems occurred in process and carry out adaptive re-configuration police, carry out Processing Strategies adjustment according to different detections or Monitoring Data, comprise clamping adjustment and the adjustment of cutter rail; Formulate the rule that different machining feature is corresponding from different process operation self-adaptative adjustment, determine adjustable strategies according to rule.
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