CN105236774A

CN105236774A - Method for producing cement clinker by employing phosphorus slag

Info

Publication number: CN105236774A
Application number: CN201510595382.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈永忠
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-09-17
Filing date: 2015-09-17
Publication date: 2016-01-13

Abstract

A disclosed method for producing cement clinker by employing phosphorus slag comprises the following steps: (a) crushing rough materials, namely, crushing the rough materials mainly composed of limestone, phosphorus slag, shale, sandstone and iron ore, so as to respectively obtain limestone particle, phosphorus slag particle, shale particle, sandstone particle and iron ore particle; (b) pre-homogenizing the rough materials, namely, performing layered stacking on the various particles obtained in the step (a); (c) preparing raw material; (d) homogenizing the raw material; (e) preheating and decomposing; (f) sintering and obtaining clinker; and (g) grinding the clinker, namely, cooling the sintered clinker, and grinding the clinker to obtain a needed granularity, so as to finish cement production. The method helps to improve the sintering easiness of the raw material, improve the clinker quality, improve the kiln decomposition rate, improve rotary kiln operation ratio, reduce clinker sintering heat consumption and cement comprehensive electricity consumption, increase clinker output, and substantially reduce cement production cost.

Description

A kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of cement production, be specifically related to a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production.

Background technology

The industrial residue that phosphorus slag produces when being Yellow Phosphorous Plant production yellow phosphorus, it discharges and carries out shrend chilling after high-temperature calcination, it is granular that outward appearance is generally fine particulate or pin, band canescence, be Water Quenching Slag, the slag discharged when its chemical composition is smelted iron to ironworks is similar, granularity is at 2-5mm, have a small amount of pain phosphorus lime stone, the main chemical compositions of phosphorus slag is SiO2, CaO, also has a small amount of Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, P2O5, CaF ₂deng.After phosphorus slag Water Quenching, vitreum content is more than 90%, and main potential mineral composition is pseudowollastonite (α CaOSiO2), cuspidite (3CaO2SiO2CaF2), when P2O5 content is higher in phosphorus slag, also has a small amount of fluorapatite.The long-term accumulation of phosphorus slag not only takies a large amount of soils, and causes serious pollution to surrounding environment, and therefore, the disposal and utilization of phosphorus slag is the problem that current sulphur dioxide of phosphor chemical industry must solve.

And in recent years, most of cement mill utilizes industrial residue to be mainly incorporated in cement with the form of blended material, and utilize industrial residue replace part of cement raw materials for production seldom, mainly due to residue contamination Working environment, the reason such as batching is complicated, field control is difficult, raw ingredients fluctuation is comparatively large, clinker quality is poor; And some producer is eager for instant success and quick profits when utilizing waste residue, the waste residue kind used to reduce production cost reaches three or four kinds, thinks and just can reduce costs like this, but really occur many problems in actual production, cause production to be difficult to control, clinker quality difference etc., finally abandon the utilization of waste residue.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production, the method can improve the burn-ability of raw material, accelerates the formation of clinker mineral, improves clinker; Meanwhile, accomplish effective utilization of waste residue, reduce manufacture of cement cost.

The present invention for achieving the above object, realizes by the following technical solutions:

Adopt phosphorus slag to realize a method for cement clinker production, comprise the following steps:

(a) raw material crushing: to mainly consist of Wingdale, phosphorus slag, shale, sandstone, iron ore raw material carry out fragmentation, obtain limestone particle, phosphorus slag particle, shale particle, sandstone particle, iron ore particle respectively, in raw material, the mass percent of Wingdale is 70% ~ 80%, the mass percent of phosphorus slag is 5% ~ 10%, all the other are shale, sandstone, iron ore;

(b) raw material prehomogenization: various particles step (a) obtained carry out layering stacking;

C prepared by () raw material: adopt the mode that cuts to carry out feeding to the feed particles of stacking in step (b), carry out grinding, obtain raw material to feed particles;

(d) raw material homogenizing: adopt the mode of pneumatic blending fully to mix the raw material that step (c) obtains;

(e) pre-thermolysis: by preheater, preheating is carried out to raw material, and make raw material complete decomposed reaction;

(f) sinter leaching: the raw material completed after preheating Sum decomposition enter into rotary kiln, carry out burning till of grog;

(g) grog grinding: cooling down is carried out to the grog after burning till, then chamotte powder is milled to required granularity, completes manufacture of cement.

CaO, SiO in phosphorus slag ₂content is higher, can replace part Wingdale in raw meal proportioning, shale raw material; Simultaneously due to CaO, the SiO in phosphorus slag ₂when producing yellow phosphorus, had very high activity through high-temperature calcination, present phosphorus process is very advanced, remains in the objectionable constituent P in phosphorus slag ₂o ₅content is very low, and it brings the P in grog into ₂o ₅be about 0.11%, on cement clinker performance substantially without impact.In addition, P, P owing to containing in phosphorus slag ₂o ₅, CaF ₂with some other trace element etc., in calcination process, play the effect (or effect of similar mineralizer) of fusing assistant and mineralizer, promote that clinker mineral is formed at a lower temperature in a large number.

Further, preferably, the detailed process of described step (b) is: stacked by tiling, mode overlapping up and down by the raw material after fragmentation by stacker, different raw materials is positioned at different layers, and the thickness of every one deck is even, the thickness of adjacent two layers is equal.

Further, preferably, the concrete operations cutting mode in described step (c) are: the direction along raw material tiling cuts the bed of material successively, when cutting, vertically cuts all bed of materials from top to bottom, until take at every turn.

Contriver is found by a large amount of research and practices, by adopting the material homogenizer of aforesaid way and cutting mode feeding, can reduce the quality fluctuation of raw material, be conducive to producing the higher grog of quality, and can stablize the production of firing system; The adaptability to glutinous wet stock can also be improved in addition, for stably manufactured and raising operation rate create conditions.

Further, preferably, in described step (c), the detailed process of grinding is:

(c1) feed particles falls mill central authorities by lock feeding device through blanking scraper-trough conveyer, under the influence of centrifugal force, be thrown toward mill edge and be subject to the spreading grinding of grinding roller, the feed particles after pulverizing is overflowed from the edge of mill, is taken up oven dry by from nozzle at high speeds hot gas flow upwards;

(c2) according to the difference of gas velocity, part material particle is taken in powder separating machine by air-flow, and meal turns back on mill after being separated, grinding again; Fine powder then goes out mill with air-flow, collects, be raw material in dust arrester installation;

(c3) after the feed particles do not taken up by air-flow overflows mill, by the chapelet of outer circulation feeding powder separating machine, coarse particles falls back mill, again extrudes grinding.

Further, preferably, the detailed process of described step (e) is:

(e1) by the raw material feeding preheater after homogenizing, raw material, under the shock action of preheater high speed upstream, move upward and are scatter;

(e2) air-flow drives raw material to enter in cyclone cylinder, be forced in the annulus between cyclone muff and inner core and do rotational flow, and rotate while move downward, by cylindrical shell to cone, the end of cone can be extended to always, then then rotate up rising, discharged by vapor pipe;

(e3) raw material after preheating enter into decomposing furnace, and in decomposing furnace, complete carbonate decomposition reaction.

Further, preferably, the detailed process of described step (f) is:

(f1) in rotary kiln, carbonate decomposes rapidly further and a series of solid state reaction occurs, and generates tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite, Dicalcium Phosphate (Feed Grade) in cement clinker;

(f2) along with temperature of charge be increased to 1300 DEG C time, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite, Dicalcium Phosphate (Feed Grade) become liquid phase, are dissolved in Dicalcium Phosphate (Feed Grade) in liquid phase and calcium oxide and carry out reaction and generate a large amount of tricalcium silicate.

Further, preferably, the kiln hood coal consumption of described rotary kiln accounts for 40% of total coal consumption, and kiln tail coal consumption accounts for 60% of total coal consumption.

Further, preferably, the air inlet fan pressure of described rotary kiln is 5400 ~ 5500Pa, and the kiln speed of rotary kiln is 3.9 ~ 4.0r/min.

The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:

(1) the present invention by mixing appropriate phosphorus slag in raw material, and significantly improve the burn-ability of raw material, accelerate the formation of mineral, tricalcium silicate is formed in a large number in 1250 to 1350 DEG C of temperature ranges, and reduces f-CaO content in grog.

(2) the present invention adopts phosphorus slag as cement raw material, raw material grinding mill unit-hour output can be improved, improve the burn-ability of raw material, improve clinker quality, improve into kiln rate of decomposition, improve rotary kiln operation factor, reduce sinter leaching hear rate, the comprehensive power consumption of cement, increase cement output, the production cost of cement can be reduced by a relatively large margin.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Embodiment:

A kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production described in the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:

(d) raw material homogenizing: adopt the mode of pneumatic blending fully to mix the raw material that step (c) obtains, utilize different fluidization airs, make the fluidisation expansion that parallel charge level in storehouse varies in size, the discharging of some regions, some regions fluidisation, thus make charge level in storehouse produce, carry out radial direction mixing homogenizing;

Particularly, the detailed process of step (b) is: stacked by tiling, mode overlapping up and down by the raw material after fragmentation by stacker, different raw materials is positioned at different layers, and the thickness of every one deck is even, and the thickness of adjacent two layers is equal;

The concrete operations cutting mode in step (c) are: the direction along raw material tiling cuts the bed of material successively, when cutting at every turn, vertically cut all bed of materials from top to bottom, until take, the mode of this " tiling is directly got " decreases raw materials quality fluctuation, be conducive to producing the higher grog of quality, and stablize the production of firing system.

In addition, the detailed process of the middle grinding of the step (c) of the present embodiment is:

It should be noted that, the lock feeding device mentioned in this step, blanking scraper-trough conveyer, nozzle, mill, dust arrester installation, chapelet, powder separating machine etc. are the existing installation in manufacture of cement, its concrete structure, each other annexation and principle of work belong to technology well known in the art, just introduce no longer in detail at this.

Particularly, the detailed process of step (e) is:

In this step, achieve the predecomposition of raw material, raw material after warming, before entering rotary kiln, first in decomposing furnace, complete decomposition reaction, in decomposing furnace, the endothermic process of the exothermic process of fuel combustion and the carbonate decomposition of raw material, to carry out rapidly under suspended state or fluidized, makes the rate of decomposition of the raw material entering rotary kiln bring up to more than 90%.By original carbonate decomposition task of carrying out in rotary kiln, move on in decomposing furnace and carry out, fuel major part adds in decomposing furnace, small part is added by the kiln hood of rotary kiln, alleviate the thermal load of calcining in rotary kiln and bringing, extend the life-span of inner liner of rotary kiln material, be conducive to producing and maximize; In addition, because fuel mixes with raw material, the heat that fuel combustion produces passes to material in time, and burning, heat exchange and carbonate decomposition process are optimized, thus has a series of premium properties and the features such as high-quality, efficient, low consumption.

It should be noted that, the preheater mentioned in this step, cyclone cylinder, decomposing furnace etc. are the existing installation in manufacture of cement, and its concrete structure, each other annexation and principle of work belong to technology well known in the art, just introduce no longer in detail at this.

In addition, being specially by step (f):

Below, for different proportioning raw materials and processing condition, the related physical property of the cement clinker that research the present invention obtains, and energy consumption problem.

First, select the raw material of four groups of different ratio, be respectively Sample A, B, C, D, shown in concrete table 1:

Table 1 raw material composition and ratio

Sample	Wingdale	Phosphorus slag	Sandstone	Shale	Iron ore
						A	80％	0％	3％	12％	5％
B	77	5％	2％	10％	6％

C	75	8％	5％	9％	3％
						D	74	10％	4％	8％	4％

Then, select the processing condition that different samples is corresponding different, as shown in table 2:

The different technology conditions that table 2 various sample is corresponding

Under processing condition shown in table 2, the specific surface area of the grog that various sample obtains, time of coagulation, bending and compressive strength and coal consumption amount are as shown in table 3:

The physical property of the grog that table 3 various sample obtains and coal consumption amount

Because after phosphorous slag ingredient, the burn-ability of raw material improves, raw material absorb thermal load amount at preheater to be reduced, decomposition amount also corresponding minimizing in decomposing furnace, the CaO that phosphorus slag is brought into does not exist with carbonate form, does not need to decompose, has saved heat, decrease the load of decomposing furnace, therefore, raw material discharge quantity can be improved, improve the unit-hour output of rotary kiln.As shown in table 2, compare the Sample A of not adding phosphorus slag, sample B, C, D all make rotary kiln raw material discharge quantity increase, and improve about 9.0t/h, meanwhile, the grog unit-hour output of rotary kiln too increases about 6t/h.In addition, by table 3, we can find, with the raw material that phosphorus slag Substitute For Partial Wingdale, sandstone, shale, iron ore obtain, compare traditional raw material not adding phosphorus slag, when producing grog, current consumption for grinding raw material decreases, coal consumption also obviously reduces, and rotary kiln output obviously increases, and time of coagulation obviously shortens, bending and compressive strength remains unchanged, that is, the present invention compares traditional batching and production method, can on the basis ensureing quality product, effective reduction energy consumption, can also increase the output of rotary kiln simultaneously.

Can be found by table 2, compared to traditional working condition, invention increases air inlet fan pressure, be namely increased the air output of rotary kiln, the air draft of kiln tail can be widened thus, increase furnace air amount, make amount of oxygen sufficient, reduce incomplete combustion in kiln, reduce reducing atmosphere, contribute to phosphorus slag Central Asia valency Fe forms and become ferric iron, reduce gold zone material.Meanwhile, after widening the air draft of kiln tail, make kiln ventilation more smooth and easy, move before kiln after heat, can reduce decomposing furnace coal consumption, before kiln, temperature suitably reduces, and suppresses the problem of fire, present tiny structure before kiln before solving kiln, avoids material phenomenon of choking outside kiln forward direction.

Further, by table 2, we can also find, regulated by the consumption of correct coal (kiln hood coal), tail coal (kiln tail coal), ensure that on the normal basis produced, also reduce the consumption of coal, because the composition of phosphorus slag is close to Clinker Composition, do not need the decomposition of carbonate in decomposing furnace, tail coal should corresponding minimizing.When just starting to test, owing to not having the experience of this respect, under total coal consumption does not subtract, and coal ratio does not adjust end to end, performance kiln discharge tail coal is on the high side, kiln tail system temperature rises, and sticky stifled phenomenon appears in Pyatyi tremie pipe and Pyatyi cone, in practice process, reduce coal consumption gradually, suitably adjust coal ratio end to end, reduce tail coal ratio, increase head coal ratio, as shown in table 4.By practice, thermal regulation is controlled, and solves kiln tail washings phasor and occurs too early, and sticky stifled problem appears in tremie pipe and cone.

The ratio of table 4 kiln hood and kiln tail coal

Sample	Head coal (t/h)	Tail coal (t/h)	Head coal (%)	Tail coal (%)
					A	6.7	10.8	38	62
B	6.3	9.4	40	60
					C	6.4	9.3	40	60
D	6.3	9.6	40	60

In addition, after phosphorous slag ingredient, clinkering zone easily ties kliner coating, and cause the material level in kiln to raise, kiln tail is smoldered, and the appearance of gold zone material.For addressing these problems, contriver finds through large quantifier elimination and experiment, by the control to kiln speed, can solve the problem, and does not notice in producing that kiln speed is on producing the impact brought in the past.The present invention is by after bringing up to 3.9 ~ 4.0r/min by kiln speed, compare traditional kiln speed (lower than 3.9r/min), increase the tumbling rate of material in kiln, realize thin material to burn soon, both increase kiln ventilation area, added the heat exchanger effectiveness in kiln, additionally reduce reducing atmosphere in kiln, make the sub-valency iron in grog and oxygen fully oxidized, avoid the generation of gold zone material; Meanwhile, in kiln, kliner coating is thinner, and the material level of material in kiln reduces, and solve kiln tail overflow phenomenon, kiln ventilation improves, and is easy to the raising of quantity and quality, makes kiln condition move towards benign cycle.As shown in table 5 is the yield data of various sample under identical kiln speed and the yield data of same sample under different kiln speed, can be found by table 5, part Wingdale, shale, sandstone, iron ore is instead of owing to adopting phosphorus slag, under identical kiln speed, the clinker that sample B obtains obviously increases, and kiln electric current reduces on the contrary slightly; And along with the increase of kiln speed, kiln electric current increases gradually, clinker also increases gradually, but after kiln speed is more than 4.0r/min, clinker increases not obvious, kiln electric current increases clearly on the contrary, namely energy consumption increases obviously, therefore, when kiln speed is 3.9 ~ 4.0r/min, can not only clinker be improved, can also guarantee as much as possible not bring excessive energy consumption simultaneously.

Kiln electric current, the yield data of table 5 sample under different kiln speed

In addition, the present invention is also by pulling out 5-10cm by coal injection pipe by kiln, and make the reach of fire point location-appropriate, reduce kiln end temperature by the adjustment length of flame, reduce the generation of secondary kliner coating, main kliner coating length can return to original length simultaneously.

The present invention can obtain following effect:

1, waste residue utilization, energy-saving and cost-reducing, recycling economy

According to test-results and trial production result: with the phosphorus slag of 8.0%, replace 5.0% Wingdale and 3.0% sandstone be example, the grog of high-quality can be produced completely, article one, 2500t/d clinker production line can consume waste residue 90000 (2500 × 1.5 × 0.08% × 300=90000) ton for 1 year, amounts to more than 150,000 tons for enterprise and country save all kinds of Mineral resources of exploitation.

2, improve raw material grinding mill output, reduce production cost

The Wingdale unit price that present Modern Dry Process Cement Plant enters factory is about 40 yuan/about t, and sandstone enters factory's unit price and is about 35 yuan/about t, and phosphorus slag only needs 23.0 yuan/about t in yellow phosphorus main producing region; As can be seen from above testing data, with the phosphorus slag of 8.0%, replacing the sandstone of 5.0% Wingdale and 3.0%, is feasible; Only this raw material production cost per ton just can reduce about 0.4 yuan, within 1 year, will to save production cost expense about 450,000 yuan for enterprise.Simultaneously as can be seen from above testing data, after mixing mixture, raw mill ton power consumption reduces about 0.4kwh, within 1 year, will be cement mill power cost saving about 27.0 ten thousand yuan.

3, improve burnability of raw material, improve grog quality

As can be seen from above testing data, with the phosphorus slag of part, after replacing part Wingdale and sandstone raw material, the burn-ability of material obviously improves, the firing time of grog shortens, burn till hear rate reduces, and correspondingly improve the output of rotary kiln, kiln unit-hour output is by original 112.0 tons, bring up to about 117.5 tons, within 1 year, can be cement mill fecund 38000 tons of grogs; Simultaneously as can be seen from above testing data, with the phosphorus slag of part, after replacing part Wingdale and sandstone raw material, have no adverse effects to the stability of grog and quality, the grindability of grog increases.

4, improve into kiln rate of decomposition, reduce into kiln objectionable constituent

The phosphorus slag also carrying out water quenching technology is in time discharged after high-temperature calcination, they itself have had very high activity, without the need to again decomposing, therefore, after replacing part Wingdale and sandstone raw material with the phosphorus slag of part, raw material enter kiln rate of decomposition at least can bring up to more than 95%; Improve the output of rotary kiln.

The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not do any pro forma restriction to the present invention, every any simple modification, equivalent variations done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. adopt phosphorus slag to realize a method for cement clinker production, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

2. a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the detailed process of described step (b) is: by stacker, the raw material after fragmentation is stacked by tiling, mode overlapping up and down, different raw materials is positioned at different layers, and the thickness of every one deck is even, the thickness of adjacent two layers is equal.

3. a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations cutting mode in described step (c) are: the direction along raw material tiling cuts the bed of material successively, when cutting at every turn, vertically cut all bed of materials from top to bottom, until take.

4. a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (c), the detailed process of grinding is:

5. a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the detailed process of described step (e) is:

6. a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the detailed process of described step (f) is:

7. a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the kiln hood coal consumption of described rotary kiln accounts for 40% of total coal consumption, kiln tail coal consumption accounts for 60% of total coal consumption.

8. a kind of method adopting phosphorus slag to realize cement clinker production according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air inlet fan pressure of described rotary kiln is 5400 ~ 5500Pa, the kiln speed of rotary kiln is 3.9 ~ 4.0r/min.