CN105236485A - Preparation method of ammonium polyvanadate - Google Patents
Preparation method of ammonium polyvanadate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105236485A CN105236485A CN201510686584.7A CN201510686584A CN105236485A CN 105236485 A CN105236485 A CN 105236485A CN 201510686584 A CN201510686584 A CN 201510686584A CN 105236485 A CN105236485 A CN 105236485A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of ammonium polyvanadate. The method comprises the steps that under the acidic condition, leaching liquor containing vanadium makes contact and is reacted with crystallizing agents, the crystallizing agents comprise the crystallizing agent A and the crystallizing agent B, the crystallizing agent A adopts water-soluble ammonium salt and/or ammonium hydroxide, and the crystallizing agent B adopts one or more of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde. The preparation method of the ammonium polyvanadate is conducted at the normal temperature, the reaction temperature does not need to be controlled, and the reaction time is short. Therefore, the preparation method of the ammonium polyvanadate has the advantages of being simple in technology and low in energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate.
Background technology
Ammonium poly-vanadate is a kind of light yellow crystalline powder, is slightly soluble in cold water, hot ethanol and ether, is dissolved in hot water and rare ammonium hydroxide; Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is become during calcination in air, poisonous.Main as chemical reagent, catalyzer, siccative, mordant etc., ceramic industry is widely used as glaze, also can be used for producing Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, vanadous oxide.At present the comparatively common method preparing ammonium poly-vanadate be by neutralization after more than 50 DEG C, add ammonium sulfate containing vanadium solution, add sulfuric acid again and pH value of solution is adjusted to 5.0, about 90 DEG C are heated under constantly stirring, regulator solution pH value is 1.5-2.5, precipitated crystal ammonium poly-vanadate, containing 0.2-0.3g/L vanadium in mother liquor.
(the high density ammonium polyvanadate Study on Preparation Technology [J] such as what literature and art, steel vanadium titanium, 2012,33 (2): 10-14) describe a kind of preparation method of high density ammonium polyvanadate, and have studied full vanadium (TV) concentration, pH, stirring velocity, dosing and sour temperature, add the impact on the bulk density of ammonium poly-vanadate and precipitation rate of ammonium coefficient and crystal seed.Result shows, in order to obtain high precipitation rate and highdensity ammonium poly-vanadate (APV), need to be greater than 1/50 times of crystal seed to full vanadium quality and 1.5-2.5 doubly to the ammonium sulfate of full vanadium quality in 60-85 DEG C adding containing the solution of vanadium 20-30g/L, and with sulphur acid for adjusting pH to 2.1-2.4, boiling water bath 95 DEG C precipitates 40min and 20min respectively successively under 350r/min and 200r/min rotating speed, containing V in the powder vanadium after this APV roasting
2o
5be greater than 98.5%, Na
2o is less than 0.10%.
Visible, in prior art, the reaction conditions of ammonium poly-vanadate is comparatively harsh, and on the one hand, need to control reaction and carry out under the hot conditions in multiple stage, the reaction times is also longer, which increases energy consumption; On the other hand, higher to the requirement of vanadium liquid, and be not suitable for lower concentration vanadium liquid and prepare ammonium poly-vanadate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the problems referred to above overcoming prior art, thus a kind of preparation method of new ammonium poly-vanadate is provided.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate, the method comprises: in acid condition, to carry out contacting and reacting containing vanadium leachate and crystallizing agent, wherein, described crystallizing agent comprises crystallizing agent A and crystallizing agent B, and described crystallizing agent A is water soluble salt of ammonia and/or ammoniacal liquor, and described crystallizing agent B is selected from least one in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionic aldehyde.
Preparation method of the present invention is owing to adding crystallizing agent B, and the reaction containing vanadium leachate and crystallizing agent A can be made to carry out under normal temperature condition, and also without the need to controlling temperature of reaction, and the reaction times is short, therefore has technique simply and the low feature of energy consumption.In addition, this preparation method is applicable to various concentration solution containing vanadium and prepares many vanadium vanadic acid, wide to the alternative of vanadium liquid, also has the advantage that cost is low, has good Social benefit and economic benefit.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in embodiment part subsequently.
Embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
The invention provides the preparation method seeing a kind of ammonium poly-vanadate, the method comprises: in acid condition, to carry out contacting and reacting containing vanadium leachate and crystallizing agent, wherein, described crystallizing agent comprises crystallizing agent A and crystallizing agent B, described crystallizing agent A is water soluble salt of ammonia and/or ammoniacal liquor, and described crystallizing agent B is selected from least one in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionic aldehyde.
In the present invention, described containing vanadium leachate can for produce in Leaching of Vanadium from Vanadium slag technological process containing vanadium solution, specifically refer to vanadium slag after sodium oxide baking, sulfuric acid leaching and purification containing vanadium solution.Described vanadium slag can be derived from smelting or the extracting vanadium from stone coal process of vanadium titano-magnetite.Normally, except vanadium, the described vanadium solution that contains also contains Na usually
+, Ca
2+, Si, TFe, TCr and P, the impurity such as Mo, W; The described pH containing vanadium solution can be 9-14.
The present invention, to the described concentration not requirement especially containing vanadium complete in vanadium leachate, precipitates as long as can produce ammonium poly-vanadate, and normally, described can be more than 1g/L containing the full vanadium concentration in vanadium leachate.From the angle improving product yield, preferably described is 20-150g/L containing the full vanadium concentration in vanadium leachate, is more preferably 20-60g/L.
In the present invention, described crystallizing agent A is water soluble salt of ammonia and/or ammoniacal liquor, in acid condition, by the NH in this crystallizing agent
4 +displace containing the Na in vanadic acid sodium in vanadium solution
+, thus obtained ammonium poly-vanadate throw out.Preferably, described crystallizing agent A is at least one in ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium oxalate and ammoniacal liquor, is more preferably ammonium sulfate.
The consumption of the present invention to described crystallizing agent A is not particularly limited, and can select with reference to prior art, and such as, the consumption of described crystallizing agent A makes NH
4 +can be 0.5-3:1 with the mol ratio of vanadium.Preferably, the consumption of described crystallizing agent A makes NH
4 +be 0.5-2:1 with the mol ratio of vanadium, be more preferably 1-2:1.
In preparation method of the present invention, just because of adding crystallizing agent B, described reaction just can be made can to carry out under normal temperature (such as 15-35 DEG C) condition, and the reaction times is short, can generate ammonium poly-vanadate throw out fast.Described crystallizing agent B is selected from least one in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionic aldehyde.Preferably, described crystallizing agent B is selected from formaldehyde and/or acetaldehyde, can improve the yield of ammonium poly-vanadate so further, namely obtains high precipitation rate.
According to the present invention, described crystallizing agent B can be 1-100:100 with the volume ratio containing vanadium leachate consumption, is preferably 2-40:100, is more preferably 5-30:100.
In the present invention, described contact and reaction are carried out in acid condition.Preferably, described method also comprises, and before described contact, regulates the described pH containing vanadium leachate to be 2-5 with acid.Described acid can be the selection of this area routine, such as, can be selected from the common acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
According to the present invention, in acid condition, can contact described with crystallizing agent A, crystallizing agent B containing vanadium leachate simultaneously, also can first make to contact with the one in described crystallizing agent containing vanadium leachate, and then contact with remaining one, no matter which kind of contact all can realize the object preparing ammonium poly-vanadate.A preferred embodiment of the invention, the process of described contact comprises: described crystallizing agent A is mixed with described contacted containing vanadium leachate, described crystallizing agent A is dissolved, and then will obtain mixture and mix with described crystallizing agent B and contact.
Under preferable case, described reaction is carried out under agitation.Due to the existence of described crystallizing agent B, described reaction can be made fast to generate ammonium poly-vanadate throw out, so the reaction times of the present invention can control in the short period of time.Under agitation, the time of described reaction can be 0.5-5 minute, is preferably 1-3 minute.
According to the present invention, after described reaction terminates, can obtain comprising upper liquid and the sedimentary layered system of ammonium poly-vanadate, the per-cent that the difference usually calculating the vanadium concentration in the full vanadium concentration of full vanadium leachate and upper liquid accounts for described full vanadium concentration obtains precipitation rate.Preparation in accordance with the present invention, described reacted precipitation rate is more than 99%.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but scope of the present invention is not limited in following examples.
In following examples 1-3, below containing vanadium leachate take from the vanadium slag of vanadium titano-magnetite containing vanadium leachate, its main chemical compositions is in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate of the present invention.
By 1000mL table 1 containing vanadium leachate by sulfuric acid adjust ph to 2, under stirring, according to NH
4 +/ V=0.5 adds ammonium sulfate, and after ammonium sulfate dissolves, add 100mL acetaldehyde, under room temperature (about 25 DEG C) after stirring reaction 1min, carry out filtration and obtain ammonium poly-vanadate, in filtrate, content of vanadium is 0.34g/L, and precipitation rate is 99%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate of the present invention.
By 1000mL table 1 containing vanadium leachate by sulfuric acid adjust ph to 3, stir, according to NH
4 +/ V=2 adds ammonium sulfate, is dissolved into after in vanadium liquid, adds the formaldehyde of 50mL until ammonium sulfate, and under room temperature (about 25 DEG C) after stirring reaction 1min, carry out filtration and obtain ammonium poly-vanadate, in filtrate, content of vanadium is 0.28g/L, and precipitation rate is 99.2%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate of the present invention.
By 1000mL table 1 containing vanadium leachate by sulfuric acid adjust ph to 4, stir, according to NH
4 +/ V=2 adds ammonium sulfate, is dissolved into after in vanadium liquid, adds 10mL acetaldehyde until ammonium sulfate, and under room temperature (about 25 DEG C) after stirring reaction 5min, carry out filtration and obtain ammonium poly-vanadate, in filtrate, content of vanadium is 0.17g/L, and precipitation rate is 99.5%.
In following examples 4-6, use containing vanadium leachate take from extracting vanadium from stone coal containing vanadium leachate, its main chemical compositions (unit: g/L) is in table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate of the present invention.
By 1000mL table 2 containing vanadium leachate by sulfuric acid adjust ph to 2.5, stir, according to NH
4 +/ V=1 adds ammonium sulfate, is dissolved into after in vanadium liquid until ammonium sulfate, adds the anhydrous acetaldehyde of 100mL, and under room temperature (about 25 DEG C) after stirring reaction 1min, carry out filtration and obtain ammonium poly-vanadate, in filtrate, content of vanadium is 1.47g/L, and precipitation rate is 99%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate of the present invention.
By 1000mL table 2 containing vanadium leachate by sulfuric acid adjust ph to 3, stir, according to NH
4 +/ V=1.5 adds ammonium sulfate, is dissolved into after in vanadium liquid, adds the formaldehyde of 300mL until ammonium sulfate, and under room temperature (about 25 DEG C) after stirring reaction 1min, carry out filtration and obtain ammonium poly-vanadate, in filtrate, content of vanadium is 0.74g/L, and precipitation rate is 99.5%.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is for illustration of the preparation method of ammonium poly-vanadate of the present invention.
By 1000mL table 2 containing vanadium leachate by sulfuric acid adjust ph to 3, stir, according to NH
4 +/ V=2 adds ammonium sulfate, is dissolved into after in vanadium liquid, adds 20mL propionic aldehyde until ammonium sulfate, and under room temperature (about 25 DEG C) after stirring reaction 1min, carry out filtration and obtain ammonium poly-vanadate, in filtrate, content of vanadium is 0.8g/L, and precipitation rate is 99.4%.
Comparative example 1
Prepare ammonium poly-vanadate according to the method for embodiment 1, difference is, does not add anhydrous acetaldehyde, and after reaction 40min, filter and obtain ammonium poly-vanadate, in filtrate, content of vanadium is 25g/L, and precipitation rate is 28.5%.
Comparative example 2
By the table 1 of 1000mL containing vanadium leachate by sulfuric acid adjust ph to 3, stir, in water-bath, be heated to 60 DEG C, according to NH
4 +/ V=1.5 adds ammonium sulfate, continues to be heated to 97 DEG C, after 40min, carries out filtering the ammonium poly-vanadate obtaining wetting, and in filtrate, content of vanadium is 0.7g/L, and precipitation rate is 98%.
Can be found out by above embodiment and comparative example, adopt method of the present invention, owing to adding crystallizing agent B, the reaction containing vanadium leachate and crystallizing agent A can be made to carry out under normal temperature condition, also without the need to controlling temperature of reaction, in the shorter reaction times, higher precipitation rate can be obtained, therefore there is the simple and feature that energy consumption is low of technique.In addition, this preparation method is applicable to various concentration solution containing vanadium and prepares many vanadium vanadic acid, wide to the alternative of vanadium liquid, also has the advantage that cost is low, has good Social benefit and economic benefit.
More than describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment, within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible array mode.
In addition, also can carry out arbitrary combination between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of an ammonium poly-vanadate, the method comprises: in acid condition, to carry out contacting and reacting containing vanadium leachate and crystallizing agent, it is characterized in that, described crystallizing agent comprises crystallizing agent A and crystallizing agent B, described crystallizing agent A is water soluble salt of ammonia and/or ammoniacal liquor, and described crystallizing agent B is selected from least one in formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propionic aldehyde.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, described containing in vanadium leachate, full vanadium concentration is more than 1g/L, is preferably 20-150g/L.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described crystallizing agent A is selected from least one in ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium oxalate and ammoniacal liquor.
4. according to the preparation method in claim 1-3 described in any one, wherein, described crystallizing agent B is selected from formaldehyde and/or acetaldehyde.
5. according to the preparation method in claim 1-4 described in any one, wherein, the consumption of described crystallizing agent A makes NH
4 +be 0.5-3:1 containing the mol ratio of vanadium in vanadium leachate, be preferably 0.5-2:1.
6. according to the preparation method in claim 1-5 described in any one, wherein, described crystallizing agent B and the described volume ratio containing vanadium leachate consumption are 1-100:100, are preferably 2-40:100.
7. according to the preparation method in claim 1-6 described in any one, wherein, described method also comprises: before described contact, regulates the described pH containing vanadium leachate to be 2-5 with acid.
8. according to the preparation method in claim 1-7 described in any one, wherein, the process of described contact comprises: described crystallizing agent A is mixed with described contacted containing vanadium leachate, described crystallizing agent A is dissolved, and then will obtain mixture and mix with described crystallizing agent B and contact.
9. according to the preparation method in claim 1-8 described in any one, wherein, described reaction is carried out under agitation; The time of described reaction is 0.5-5 minute.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, wherein, the time of described reaction is 1-3 minute.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109761276A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-17 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of stratiform ammonium vanadate electrode material and its preparation method and application |
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| CN104760996A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-08 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Low-temperature crystallization method of ammonium polyvanadate |
| CN104876268A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-02 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of high-density ammonium polyvanadate |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN102795668A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-11-28 | 西南大学 | Preparation method of VO2 |
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| CN104760996A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-08 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Low-temperature crystallization method of ammonium polyvanadate |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109761276A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-17 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of stratiform ammonium vanadate electrode material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109761276B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-08-24 | 广东工业大学 | Layered ammonium vanadate electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
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