CN105227128A - A kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter and control method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105227128A CN105227128A CN201510624875.3A CN201510624875A CN105227128A CN 105227128 A CN105227128 A CN 105227128A CN 201510624875 A CN201510624875 A CN 201510624875A CN 105227128 A CN105227128 A CN 105227128A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter and control method thereof, described photovoltaic module multi-level converter comprises n sub-unit module, and n is at least 2; The input of n sub-unit module accesses a photovoltaic module respectively, output access direct current network; Described method adopts the both end voltage of n electric capacity of voltage regulation in capacitance voltage ranking method control module multi-level converter balanced.Compared with prior art, a kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter provided by the invention and control method thereof, make the control of converter more simple, improve the efficiency of converter, and while decreasing switching device, decrease driving gross power and switching loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of direct current power transmission, be specifically related to a kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter and control method thereof.
Background technology
Current solar energy power generating is substantially all to exchange grid-connected form, no matter be centralized photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter or distributed photovoltaic inverter, its output voltage is all lower, mostly be below 400V, if photovoltaic generation will be accessed DC distribution net, then the output of inverter needs through isolating transformer boosting, then is incorporated to DC distribution net again after VSC rectification.This system has the deficiencies such as equipment is many, floor space large, complex structure, conversion efficiency are low.Common based in the photovoltaic generation direct current grid-connected system of modularization cascade, by the output of photovoltaic array by isolated DC transducer access half-bridge submodule, multiple such submodule is exported and is linked by cascade form, obtains the direct voltage of expectation by regulating the submodule quantity dropped into and accesses DC distribution net and carry out power delivery.By this structure, not only can meet corresponding voltage and power grade requirement, and only need can be incorporated to DC distribution net through series connection output again through one-stage transfor-mation from the direct current energy that photovoltaic cell exports, save middle interchange link and step-up transformer, reduce costs, improve the whole efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.In addition, adopt modularized design, also can improve redundancy and the reliability of system.The agro-industrial university of texas,U.S has carried out the grid-connected research of large-sized photovoltaic power station high voltage direct current based on modularization cascade, the grid-connected form of high voltage direct current is adopted to carry out feeding electric energy (EcheverriaJ to photovoltaic generation, KouroS, PerezM, Abu-RubH.Multi-modularcascadedDC-DCconverterforHVDCgridc onnectionoflarge-scalephotovoltaicpowersystems [C] .IEEEIECON, 2013:6999-7005).The grid-connected research of direct current that the agro-industrial university of the above-mentioned texas,U.S mentioned carries out, what the rear class unit in single submodule adopted is also half-bridge circuit.This causes rear class unit simple not enough, and cost could not lower again, and drive circuit is also relatively complicated, and the consumption of the driving power brought thus and the switching loss of switching tube also increase to some extent.
Therefore, need to provide a kind of high reliability, low cost and low-loss Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, the invention provides a kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter and control method thereof.
First aspect, in the present invention, a kind of technical scheme of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter is:
Described Modular multilevel converter comprises n sub-unit module, and n is at least 2; The input of described n sub-unit module accesses a photovoltaic module respectively, and output all accesses direct current network;
Described subelement module comprises DC/DC converter, electric capacity of voltage regulation and SM unit; Described SM unit is made up of switching tube and Diode series; The input of described DC/DC converter accesses described photovoltaic module, and output is parallel with described electric capacity of voltage regulation and SM unit successively.
Preferably, the emitter of described SM breaker in middle pipe is connected with the negative electrode of diode;
Preferably, described Modular multilevel converter comprises n SM unit;
The emitter of the 1st SM unit breaker in middle pipe accesses described direct current network by inductance;
In i-th SM unit, the anode of diode is connected with the emitter of the i-th+1 SM unit breaker in middle pipe, i=1, and 2 ..., n-1;
In n-th SM unit, the anode of diode accesses described direct current network;
Preferably, described DC/DC converter is isolated form DC/DC converter;
Preferably, the mode of operation of described subelement module comprises discharge mode and charge mode;
When the voltage at described electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends is greater than upper voltage limit threshold value, subelement module work is in discharge mode; Trigger described switching tube conducting, described diode ends after switching tube conducting, thus discharges to direct current network;
When the voltage at described electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends is less than lower voltage limit threshold value, subelement module work is in charge mode; Trigger described switching tube to turn off, described diode closes at switching tube conducting of having no progeny, and photovoltaic module is charged to electric capacity of voltage regulation by DC/DC converter.
Second aspect, in the present invention, the technical scheme of the control method of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter is:
Described method adopts capacitance voltage ranking method to control the both end voltage equilibrium of n electric capacity of voltage regulation in described Modular multilevel converter; Described capacitance voltage ranking method comprises:
Step 1: the voltage U gathering described Modular multilevel converter n electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends
i, i=1,2 ..., n;
Step 2: by described voltage U
iaccording to the order arrangement that magnitude of voltage is descending, obtain magnitude of voltage sequence S
j, j=1,2 ..., n;
Step 3: choose magnitude of voltage S
jcorresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of described electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode, j=1,2 ..., n-2;
Choose magnitude of voltage S
jcorresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of described electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode, j=n-1, n.
Compared with immediate prior art, excellent effect of the present invention is:
A kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter provided by the invention, adopt the half-bridge circuit containing a switching tube and a diode, make the control of converter simpler, improve the reliability of converter, and decrease while decreasing switching device and drive gross power and switching loss, reduce cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1: a kind of topology diagram of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2: embodiment of the present invention neutron cells module work current direction figure when discharge mode;
Fig. 3: embodiment of the present invention neutron cells module work current direction figure when charge mode;
Fig. 4: the grid-connected schematic diagram of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter in the embodiment of the present invention;
The topology diagram of full-bridge converter in Fig. 5: Fig. 4;
Fig. 6: the oscillogram of the output voltage of photovoltaic module, electric current and power in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7: the original edge voltage of full-bridge converter and the oscillogram of electric current in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8: the drive signal waveform figure of embodiment of the present invention breaker in middle pipe;
Fig. 9: the oscillogram of grid-connected current in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10: the voltage oscillogram at electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends in the embodiment of the present invention;
The partial enlarged drawing of voltage waveform shown in Figure 11: Figure 10.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
A kind of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter provided by the invention and its control method, by gathering capacitance voltage in each DC link and sequence controls the mode of operation of rear class SM unit, thus realize the electric voltage equalization at electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends and to carry out mesohigh direct current grid-connected.
One, Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter
In the present invention, the embodiment of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter as shown in Figure 1, is specially:
This Modular multilevel converter comprises n sub-unit module, and n is at least 2.
In the present embodiment, the input of n sub-unit module accesses a photovoltaic module respectively, output access direct current network.Subelement module comprises DC/DC converter, electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci and SM unit, i=1, and 2 ..., n.Wherein,
1.: SM unit is composed in series by switching tube Si and diode Di, i=1,2 ..., n; Switching tube in the present embodiment refers to device for power switching, such as IGBT, IGCT and MOSFET.
2.: the input access photovoltaic module of DC/DC converter, output is parallel with electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci and SM unit successively.Namely electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci is connected in parallel on the output of DC/DC converter, and SM unit is connected in parallel on the two ends of electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci.
1, SM unit
Modular multilevel converter comprises n SM unit as shown in Figure 1, and the emitter of each SM unit breaker in middle pipe is all connected with the negative electrode of its diode.
In the present embodiment, n SM is unit cascaded, is specially:
1.: the emitter of the 1st SM unit breaker in middle pipe accesses direct current network by inductance L g;
2.: in i-th SM unit, the anode of diode is connected with the emitter of the i-th+1 SM unit breaker in middle pipe, i=1,2 ..., n-1;
3.: in the n-th SM unit, the anode of diode accesses described direct current network.
2, DC/DC converter
In the present embodiment, DC/DC converter is unidirectional isolated form DC/DC converter.
3, the mode of operation of subelement module
The mode of operation of the present embodiment neutron cells comprises discharge mode and charge mode.
(1) discharge mode
When the voltage at electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci two ends is greater than upper voltage limit threshold value, subelement module work is in discharge mode.
Trigger switch pipe Si conducting during discharge mode, when being equivalent to be applied with a direction voltage at diode Di two ends after switching tube Si conducting, diode Di ends, thus discharges to direct current network.
(2) discharge mode
When the voltage at electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci two ends is less than lower voltage limit threshold value, subelement module work is in charge mode.
During discharge mode, trigger switch pipe Si turns off, diode Di closes at switching tube Si conducting of having no progeny, i.e. diode Di natural conducting under grid-connected current drives, thus electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci is bypassed from direct current network side, photovoltaic module is charged to electric capacity of voltage regulation Ci by DC/DC converter.
Two, the control method of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter
Adopt the both end voltage of n electric capacity of voltage regulation in capacitance voltage ranking method control module multi-level converter balanced in the present embodiment; This capacitance voltage ranking method comprises:
1, the voltage U at n electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends is gathered
i, i=1,2 ..., n.
2, by voltage U
iaccording to the order arrangement that magnitude of voltage is descending, obtain magnitude of voltage sequence S
j, j=1,2 ..., n.
3, magnitude of voltage S is chosen
jcorresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode, j=1,2 ..., n-2.
Choose magnitude of voltage S
jcorresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode, j=n-1, n.
Three, be described the photovoltaic generation direct current of the Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter be made up of 7 sub-unit modules is grid-connected in the present embodiment.
1, the topological structure of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter
As shown in Figure 4, this Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter comprises 7 sub-unit modules, and each subelement module comprises a photovoltaic module, full-bridge converter, an electric capacity of voltage regulation and a SM unit.
As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, this full-bridge converter adopts unidirectional full-bridge converter, realizes the tracking to photovoltaic module PV maximum power point by phase-shift PWM technology.
2, the control method of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter
(1) electric capacity of voltage regulation C is gathered
1~ C
7the voltage U at two ends
1~ U
7.
(2) by voltage U
1~ U
7according to the order arrangement that magnitude of voltage is descending, obtain magnitude of voltage sequence S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6, S
7.
(3) S in magnitude of voltage sequence is chosen
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5corresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of aforementioned electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode.
Choose the S in magnitude of voltage sequence
4, S
5corresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of aforementioned electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode.
3, in the present embodiment, the parameter of each assembly of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter is:
1.: the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic module PV1 ~ PV7 is 350 ~ 600V, and maximum power is 10kW;
2.: the voltage of direct current network side is 1kV;
3.: direct current network side inductance L g is 400uH;
4.: the parameter of subelement module is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
In the present embodiment, the simulation result of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter is as illustrated in figs. 6-11:
1.: Fig. 6 shows output voltage Vpv, the output current Ipv and power output Ppv of photovoltaic module PV.Can determine that full-bridge converter achieves the tracking to photovoltaic module PV maximum power point well by phase-shift PWM technology according to Fig. 6.
2.: Fig. 7 shows original edge voltage Vab and the primary current Ip of full-bridge inverter.
3.: Fig. 8 sequentially show the drive signal waveform of switching tube S1 ~ S7 from top to bottom, Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter has and only has 5 switching tubes to be conductings any time.
4.: Fig. 9 has gone out the waveform of Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter grid-connected current Ig, can determine that the grid-connected current that this converter exports can be stabilized in an interior fluctuation among a small circle well according to Fig. 8.
5.: Figure 10 and 11 shows the voltage fluctuation situation at electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends in each subelement module, can determine that the average of each electric capacity of voltage regulation is 200V according to Figure 11, ripple is about 4V, achieves the equilibrium of electric capacity of voltage regulation both end voltage in each subelement module.
Finally should be noted that: described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the application's protection.
Claims (6)
1. a Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter, is characterized in that, described Modular multilevel converter comprises n sub-unit module, and n is at least 2; The input of described n sub-unit module accesses a photovoltaic module respectively, and output all accesses direct current network;
Described subelement module comprises DC/DC converter, electric capacity of voltage regulation and SM unit; Described SM unit is made up of switching tube and Diode series; The input of described DC/DC converter accesses described photovoltaic module, and output is parallel with described electric capacity of voltage regulation and SM unit successively.
2. Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the emitter of described SM breaker in middle pipe is connected with the negative electrode of diode.
3. Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Modular multilevel converter comprises n SM unit;
The emitter of the 1st SM unit breaker in middle pipe accesses described direct current network by inductance;
In i-th SM unit, the anode of diode is connected with the emitter of the i-th+1 SM unit breaker in middle pipe, i=1, and 2 ..., n-1;
In n-th SM unit, the anode of diode accesses described direct current network.
4. Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described DC/DC converter is isolated form DC/DC converter.
5. Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mode of operation of described subelement module comprises discharge mode and charge mode;
When the voltage at described electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends is greater than upper voltage limit threshold value, subelement module work is in discharge mode; Trigger described switching tube conducting, described diode ends after switching tube conducting, thus discharges to direct current network;
When the voltage at described electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends is less than lower voltage limit threshold value, subelement module work is in charge mode; Trigger described switching tube to turn off, described diode closes at switching tube conducting of having no progeny, and photovoltaic module is charged to electric capacity of voltage regulation by DC/DC converter.
6. the control method of the Novel photovoltaic Modular multilevel converter as described in any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that, described method adopts capacitance voltage ranking method to control the both end voltage equilibrium of n electric capacity of voltage regulation in described Modular multilevel converter; Described capacitance voltage ranking method comprises:
Step 1: the voltage U gathering described Modular multilevel converter n electric capacity of voltage regulation two ends
i, i=1,2 ..., n;
Step 2: by described voltage U
iaccording to the order arrangement that magnitude of voltage is descending, obtain magnitude of voltage sequence S
j, j=1,2 ..., n;
Step 3: choose magnitude of voltage S
jcorresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of described electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode, j=1,2 ..., n-2;
Choose magnitude of voltage S
jcorresponding electric capacity of voltage regulation, then control includes the subelement module work of described electric capacity of voltage regulation in discharge mode, j=n-1, n.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN105610325A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-05-25 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Modular multilevel converter for middle-high voltage direct-current grid connection of high-power sodium-sulfur battery |
| CN106712561A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-05-24 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Control method and device for cascade H bridge inverter |
| CN108011587A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-08 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of photovoltaic module shadow occlusion fault handling method |
| CN108695881A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-23 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of control method and device of photovoltaic plant direct current grid-connected system |
| CN109991872A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 上海科梁信息工程股份有限公司 | A kind of Modular multilevel converter emulation mode |
| CN110061556A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-26 | 索尔特克可再生能源有限公司 | The photovoltaic system with auxiliary charging module for producing electricl energy |
| CN111555261A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-18 | 盐城工学院 | New framework photovoltaic module based on passive connector |
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| CN105610325A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-05-25 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Modular multilevel converter for middle-high voltage direct-current grid connection of high-power sodium-sulfur battery |
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| CN108695881A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-23 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of control method and device of photovoltaic plant direct current grid-connected system |
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| CN109991872A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 上海科梁信息工程股份有限公司 | A kind of Modular multilevel converter emulation mode |
| CN108011587A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-08 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of photovoltaic module shadow occlusion fault handling method |
| CN108011587B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2023-12-26 | 中国计量大学 | Photovoltaic module shadow shielding fault processing method |
| CN110061556A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-26 | 索尔特克可再生能源有限公司 | The photovoltaic system with auxiliary charging module for producing electricl energy |
| CN110061556B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2022-07-08 | 索尔特克可再生能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic system with auxiliary charging module for generating electrical energy |
| CN111555261A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-18 | 盐城工学院 | New framework photovoltaic module based on passive connector |
| CN111555261B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2023-11-21 | 盐城工学院 | Photovoltaic module based on passive connector |
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