CN105226390B - A kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna and its impedance matching methods - Google Patents
A kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna and its impedance matching methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN105226390B CN105226390B CN201510676579.8A CN201510676579A CN105226390B CN 105226390 B CN105226390 B CN 105226390B CN 201510676579 A CN201510676579 A CN 201510676579A CN 105226390 B CN105226390 B CN 105226390B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna and its impedance matching methods, the reading and writing device antenna includes stacked microstrip antenna, coupled patch, feed probes, double frequency frequency and becomes complex impedance match circuit and input connector；Stacked microstrip antenna is made up of upper printed circuit board, middle layer printed circuit board and the lower layer printed circuit board be arrangeding in parallel successively from top to bottom, and air lamellar spacing is provided between each layer printed circuit board；Coupled patch is located at the upper surface of middle layer printed circuit board, one end connection coupled patch of feed probes, and other end connection double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit.Reading and writing device antenna of the present invention can realize monomer two-frequency operation, achieve good Circular polarization ratio bandwidth and impedance bandwidth in two frequency ranges of 840~845MHz and 920~925MHz, reading and writing device antenna gain is more than 5dBi；And have the advantages that cost is low, easy processing, the technical requirement of China's RFID system is completely suitable for, for promoting RFID technique development in China's significant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of based on double frequency frequency become complex impedance matching technique double frequency round polarized stacked microstrip antenna, especially
It is related to a kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna and its impedance matching methods.
Background technology
Radio frequency identification (RFID, Radio Frequency Identification) technology is that one kind is known by radiofrequency signal
Other target simultaneously reads and writes the wireless communication technology of relevant information, is widely used to electronic charging, goods identification and gate control system etc.
Field.Different countries and regions are that ultrahigh frequency RFID system assignment frequency range is different.International Organization for standardization ISO
It is 860~960MHz with the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC RFID frequency ranges recommended.European working frequency range is 865~868MHz, North America
Working frequency range is 902~928MHz, and Japanese working frequency range is 952~955MHz, the working frequency range in China for 840~845MHz and
920~925MHz.
The antenna signal receiving/transmission device essential as RFID system, its performance quality influence the performance of whole system.
Usual ultra-high frequency RFID label uses linear polarized antenna, requires that read write line can be correctly read and write in any direction in engineer applied
Label, therefore read write line should use circular polarized antenna.Microstrip antenna due to cost is low, small volume, in light weight, easy processing, feedback
The advantages that electric flexible structure, it is widely used in RFID system.Double-Frequency System volume and carries to reduce cost, reduce
High quality, it is desirable to which its circular polarisation orientation reading and writing device antenna realizes monomer two-frequency operation, to avoid using two independences in systems
Antenna.
The frequency range and International Organization for standardization ISO and International Electrotechnical Commission IEC used due to the distribution of China's RFID technique
860~960MHz the frequency ranges recommended are not fully consistent, therefore develop the read write line day suitable for China's ultrahigh frequency RFID frequency range
Line, for promoting the development of China's RFID technique to have great importance.In view of this, it is necessory to propose that one kind can be realized
Monomer two-frequency operation is while the double frequency round polarized microstrip antenna of covering two frequency ranges of 840~845MHz and 920~925MHz.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna, it is possible to achieve monomer is double
Frequency is worked, and good Circular polarization ratio bandwidth and impedance are achieved in two frequency ranges of 840~845MHz and 920~925MHz
Bandwidth, reading and writing device antenna gain are more than 5dBi；And have the advantages that cost is low, easy processing, it is completely suitable for China's RFID system
Technical requirement；Invention also provides the impedance matching methods of the reading and writing device antenna.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna, including stacked microstrip antenna, coupled patch,
Feed probes, double frequency frequency become complex impedance match circuit and input connector；Wherein：
The stacked microstrip antenna by be arranged in parallel successively from top to bottom upper printed circuit board, middle layer printed circuit board
Formed with lower layer printed circuit board, air lamellar spacing is provided between each layer printed circuit board；Upper printed circuit board by pasting up and down
The upper strata oval ring paster and top dielectric plate of conjunction are formed, middle layer printed circuit board by the middle level dielectric-slab that is bonded up and down and under
Layer oval ring paster is formed, and lower layer printed circuit board is made up of the layer dielectric plate being bonded up and down and floor；Upper strata elliptical ring
Major axis of the major axis of shape paster perpendicular to lower floor's oval ring paster；
The coupled patch is located at the upper surface of middle layer printed circuit board, and one end of feed probes connects coupled patch, separately
Connection double frequency frequency in one end becomes complex impedance match circuit, and double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit and is located at the lower layer printed circuit board
Upper surface；Double frequency frequency becomes microstrip transmission line one, microstrip transmission line two, the micro-strip transmission that complex impedance match circuit includes being sequentially connected
Line three and 50 ohm of feeder lines, micro-strip open circuit minor matters two, microstrip transmission line two are set between microstrip transmission line one and microstrip transmission line two
Micro-strip open circuit minor matters one, the inner wire of 50 ohm of feeder line connection input connectors are set between microstrip transmission line three.
The upper printed circuit board, middle layer printed circuit board and lower layer printed circuit board are fixed by fixed screw, each layer
Fixed screw peripheral hardware fixed cover between printed circuit board (PCB), the height of fixed cover is respective air lamellar spacing thickness.
Air lamellar spacing gross thickness is 35~40mm.
A kind of impedance matching methods of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna, pass through regulation first
The length and width of the micro-strip open circuit minor matters one, changes the input impedance of reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range and high band；Pass through tune
The length and width of the micro-strip open circuit minor matters two is saved, changes the input impedance of the high band of reading and writing device antenna, and to read write line
The input impedance of antenna low-frequency range influences very little；The length and width of two sections of micro-strip open circuit minor matters is adjusted respectively, can change read-write
The input impedance of device antenna low-frequency range and high band, realize that double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance matching to reading and writing device antenna.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Reading and writing device antenna of the present invention can realize monomer two-frequency operation, in 840~845MHz and 920~925MHz two
Good Circular polarization ratio bandwidth and impedance bandwidth are achieved in individual frequency range, reading and writing device antenna gain is more than 5dBi；And have
The advantages that cost is low, easy processing, the technical requirement of China's RFID system is completely suitable for, for promoting China's RFID technique
Development have great importance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the side view of reading and writing device antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of reading and writing device antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the low-frequency range standing-wave ratio figure of reading and writing device antenna described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the high band standing-wave ratio figure of reading and writing device antenna described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the low-frequency range Circular polarization ratio and gain diagram of reading and writing device antenna described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the high band Circular polarization ratio and gain diagram of reading and writing device antenna described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the radiation directivity in low-frequency range centre frequency 842.5MHz of reading and writing device antenna described in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 8 is the radiation directivity in high band centre frequency 922.5MHz of reading and writing device antenna described in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
In figure：1. the upper strata of 11. upper printed circuit board of stacked microstrip antenna, 111. upper strata oval ring paster 112. is situated between
Lower floor's 13. times layer printed circuit boards of oval ring paster of 121. middle level dielectric-slab of layer printed circuit board 122. in scutum 12.
It is micro- that 131. the double frequency of 132. floor of layer dielectric plate, 2. coupled patch, 3. feed probes 4. frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit 41.
The micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1 micro-strip open circuit minor matters of 2 43. microstrip transmission line of band one 42. microstrip transmission line of transmission line 3 44.
2 46.50 ohm of fixed screws of 5. input connector of feeder line 6.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
See Fig. 1-Fig. 2, be the structural representation of reading and writing device antenna of the present invention.A kind of 840/920MHz of the present invention
Double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna, including stacked microstrip antenna 1, coupled patch 2, feed probes 3, double frequency frequency become multiple
Impedance matching circuit 4 and input connector 5；Wherein：
The stacked microstrip antenna 1 by be arranged in parallel successively from top to bottom upper printed circuit board 11, middle level print electricity
Road plate 12 and lower layer printed circuit board 13 are formed, and air lamellar spacing is provided between each layer printed circuit board 11,12,13；Upper strata prints
Printed circuit board 11 is made up of the upper strata oval ring paster 111 and top dielectric plate 112 being bonded up and down, middle layer printed circuit board 12
It is made up of the middle level dielectric-slab 121 and lower floor's oval ring paster 122 being bonded up and down, lower layer printed circuit board 13 by being bonded up and down
Layer dielectric plate 131 and floor 132 form；The major axis of upper strata oval ring paster 111 is perpendicular to lower floor's oval ring paster
122 major axis；
The coupled patch 2 is located at the upper surface of middle layer printed circuit board 12, one end connection coupled patch of feed probes 3
2, other end connection double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit 4, and double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit 4 and prints electricity positioned at the lower floor
The upper surface of road plate 13；Double frequency frequency becomes microstrip transmission line 1, the microstrip transmission line that complex impedance match circuit 4 includes being sequentially connected
2 42, microstrip transmission line 3 43 and 50 ohm of feeder lines 46, set micro-strip between microstrip transmission line 1 and microstrip transmission line 2 42 and open
Road minor matters 2 45, micro-strip open circuit one 44,50 ohm of feeder lines 46 of minor matters are set between microstrip transmission line 2 42 and microstrip transmission line 3 43
Connect the inner wire of input connector 5.
The upper printed circuit board 11, middle layer printed circuit board 12 and lower layer printed circuit board 13 are consolidated by fixed screw 6
Fixed, the peripheral hardware fixed cover of fixed screw 6 between each layer printed circuit board 11,12,13, the height of fixed cover is respective air interlayer
Gap thickness.
Air lamellar spacing gross thickness is 35~40mm.
A kind of impedance matching methods of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna of the present invention, it is first
The length and width for adjusting the micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1 is first passed through, changes the input of reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range and high band
Impedance；By adjusting the length and width of the micro-strip open circuit minor matters 2 45, change the input resistance of the high band of reading and writing device antenna
It is anti-, and the input impedance on reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range influences very little；The length of two sections of micro-strip open circuit minor matters 44.45 is adjusted respectively
And width, the input impedance of reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range and high band can be changed, realize that double frequency frequency becomes multiple resistance to reading and writing device antenna
Anti- matching.
In order to realize two-frequency operation, present invention employs two radiation patch, (upper strata oval ring paster 111 and lower floor are ellipse
Circular patch 122), upper strata radiation patch works in low-frequency range, covers 840~845MHz, and lower floor's radiation patch works in high frequency
Section, cover 920~925MHz；In order to realize the radiation of circularly polarised wave and reception, two radiating elements of stacked microstrip antenna 1 are equal
Using oval ring paster.For the Circular polarization ratio bandwidth of each frequency range of broadening, it is provided with stacked microstrip antenna structure
Two layers of air lamellar spacing.Air lamellar spacing is bigger, the getable Circular polarization ratio bandwidth of institute is wider, but reading and writing device antenna cuts open
Face will be higher, be unfavorable for the miniaturization of reading and writing device antenna.Its air lamellar spacing gross thickness of reading and writing device antenna proposed by the invention
For 35~40mm, so both broadening bandwidth of reading and writing device antenna to a certain extent also makes the section of reading and writing device antenna unlikely
Yu Taigao.
In order to reduce interfering with each other for height working frequency range, the major axis of upper strata oval ring paster 111 of the present invention perpendicular to
The major axis of lower floor's oval ring paster 122, realize the low-frequency range polarization mode different from high band；Upper strata oval ring paster
111 radiation right-handed circular polarization ripples, lower floor's oval ring paster 122 radiate left-hand circular polarization ripple.Such a structure reduce two it is ellipse
The shade intersection of annular paster, and then reduce the mutual coupling between two oval ring pasters.
Two oval ring pasters 111,122 of reading and writing device antenna of the present invention use same capacitive couplings paster
2 enter row energization.Because the working frequency of two oval ring pasters is than very little, and work in different polarization modes so that only
By adjusting the size of coupled patch 2, the input resistant matching of two-band can not be realized, therefore in the input of reading and writing device antenna
Introduce a double frequency frequency and become complex impedance match circuit 4.In addition, in order to reduce coupled patch 2 to two oval ring pasters
111st, the influence of 122 circular polarisation work, employs the less coupled patch 2 of size.
The electrical length of three sections of microstrip transmission lines (microstrip transmission line 1, microstrip transmission line 2 42 and microstrip transmission line 3 43)
It is different with characteristic impedance, the double frequency complex impedance adaptation based on three sections of transmission lines is formed, but it is only capable of hindering constant complex
Anti- progress double frequency matching, its application have limitation.By adding micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1 between three sections of microstrip transmission lines
With micro-strip open circuit minor matters 2 45, form double frequency frequency and become complex impedance match circuit 4, double frequency matching is carried out for frequency change complex impedance,
Realize double frequency frequency and become complex impedance matching feature.
By the length and width for adjusting the micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1, thus it is possible to vary the reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range
With the input impedance of high band；By the length and width for adjusting the micro-strip open circuit minor matters 2 45, thus it is possible to vary the read-write
The input impedance of device antenna high band, and the input impedance on the reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range influences very little.Two are adjusted respectively
The length and width of section micro-strip open circuit minor matters 44,45, can change the input impedance of the reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range and high band,
Realize that double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance matching to reading and writing device antenna.
A kind of technical indicator of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna of the present invention is as follows：
Frequency range：836~848MHz of low-frequency range, 915~932MHz of high band；
Standing-wave ratio：2:1；
Axle ratio：≤3dB；
Polarization mode：Low-frequency range RHCP, high band LHCP；
Antenna gain：≥5dBi；
Half-power beam width：77 ° of low-frequency range, 70 ° of high band.
Following examples are implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and tool
The operating process of body, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.Method therefor is such as without spy in following embodiments
It is conventional method not mentionlet alone bright.
【Embodiment】
As shown in figure 1, a kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna in the present embodiment, including it is folded
Layer microstrip antenna 1, coupled patch 2, feed probes 3, double frequency frequency become complex impedance match circuit 4, input connector 5 and and fixed spiral shell
Silk 6.Stacked microstrip antenna 1 is followed successively by upper printed circuit board 11, middle layer printed circuit board 12 and lower floor and prints electricity from top to bottom
Road plate 13；Upper printed circuit board 11, middle layer printed circuit board 12 and lower layer printed circuit board 13 pass sequentially through fixed screw 6 and entered
Row is fixed, and the axle sleeve by being set outside fixed screw 6, keeps upper printed circuit board 11, the and of middle layer printed circuit board 12
Air lamellar spacing between lower layer printed circuit board 13.
Upper printed circuit board 11 is followed successively by upper strata oval ring paster 111 and top dielectric plate 112 from top to bottom；Middle level
Printed circuit board (PCB) 12 is followed successively by middle level dielectric-slab 121 and lower floor's oval ring paster 122 from top to bottom；Lower layer printed circuit board 13
Layer dielectric plate 131 and floor 132 are followed successively by from top to bottom.
Upper strata oval ring paster 111 works in low-frequency range, covers 840~845MHz, the work of lower floor's oval ring paster 122
Make in high band, cover 920~925MHz；The major axis of upper strata oval ring paster 111 is perpendicular to lower floor's oval ring paster 122
Major axis, realize the low-frequency range polarization mode different from high band.
Coupled patch 2 is located at the upper surface of middle layer printed circuit board 12.One end connection coupled patch 2 of feed probes 3, separately
Connection double frequency frequency in one end becomes complex impedance match circuit 4.Double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit 4 positioned at lower layer printed circuit board 13
Upper surface.
Include as shown in Fig. 2 double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit 4：Microstrip transmission line 1, microstrip transmission line 2 42,
Microstrip transmission line 3 43, micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1, micro-strip open circuit 46,50 ohm of feeder lines 46 of minor matters 2 45 and 50 ohm of feeder lines connect
Connect the inner wire of input connector 5.
It is micro- by being added between microstrip transmission line 1 and microstrip transmission line 2 42 that double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit 4
Band open circuit minor matters 2 45, micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1 are added between microstrip transmission line 2 42 and microstrip transmission line 3 43, are realized
Double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance matching feature.
By the length and width for adjusting micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1, thus it is possible to vary 840/920MHz double frequencies of the present invention
The input impedance of circular polarisation radio frequency identification reader antenna low-frequency range and high band；By the length for adjusting micro-strip open circuit minor matters 2 45
Degree and width, thus it is possible to vary the input impedance of reading and writing device antenna high band, and the input impedance shadow to reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range
Ring very little.
First by adjusting the length and width of micro-strip open circuit minor matters 1, to the low-frequency range of the present embodiment reading and writing device antenna
Realize impedance matching；Then by adjusting the length and width of micro-strip open circuit minor matters 2 45, to the present embodiment reading and writing device antenna
High band realizes impedance matching.
See Fig. 3, be the low-frequency range standing-wave ratio figure of reading and writing device antenna described in the present embodiment.See Fig. 4, be read-write of the present invention
The high band standing-wave ratio figure of device antenna.The 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antennas of the present embodiment are 830
Two frequency range standing internal wave ratios of~855MHz and 905~935MHz are respectively less than 2, and 840~845MHz and 920~925MHz is completely covered
Two frequency ranges, illustrate that double frequency frequency proposed by the present invention becomes complex impedance match circuit 4 and has good double frequency complex impedance matching feature.
See Fig. 5, be the low-frequency range Circular polarization ratio and gain diagram of reading and writing device antenna described in the present embodiment.See Fig. 6, be this hair
The high band Circular polarization ratio and gain diagram of the bright reading and writing device antenna.Wherein plotted represents gain, and its unit is dB,
GainLHCP represents left circular polarisation, and GainRHCP represents right circular polarisation.A kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized in the present embodiment
Radio frequency identification reader antenna Circular polarization ratio in two frequency ranges of 836~848MHz and 915~932MHz is respectively less than 3dB, complete
Two frequency ranges of all standing 840~845MHz and 920~925MHz, illustrate the circular polarisation performance of reading and writing device antenna proposed by the present invention
Well.
See Fig. 7, be the radiation directivity in low-frequency range centre frequency 842.5MHz of reading and writing device antenna described in the present embodiment
Figure.See Fig. 8, be the directional pattern in high band centre frequency 922.5MHz of reading and writing device antenna described in the present embodiment.This
In embodiment, a kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna realizes dextrorotation entelechy in low-frequency range
Change, left-hand circular polarization is realized in high band, illustrate the present invention by the major axis of upper strata oval ring paster 111 perpendicular to lower floor
The major axis of oval ring paster 122, realize the low-frequency range polarization mode different from high band.
A kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna of the present embodiment, as a result of what is proposed
Double frequency frequency becomes complex impedance match circuit 4, reading and writing device antenna is achieved good double frequency complex impedance matching effect, in addition read write line
Antenna medium plate uses cheap FR4 sheet materials, and processing is simple, cost is low, is very suitable for China ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) reader day
The application of line.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna, it is characterised in that including stacked microstrip antenna, Coupled patch, feed probes, double frequency frequency become complex impedance match circuit and input connector；Wherein：The stacked microstrip antenna by be arranged in parallel successively from top to bottom upper printed circuit board, middle layer printed circuit board and under Layer printed circuit board is formed, and air lamellar spacing is provided between each layer printed circuit board；Upper printed circuit board is by being up and down bonded Upper strata oval ring paster and top dielectric plate are formed, and middle layer printed circuit board is ellipse by the middle level dielectric-slab being bonded up and down and lower floor Annular paster is formed, and lower layer printed circuit board is made up of the layer dielectric plate being bonded up and down and floor；Upper strata oval ring patch Major axis of the major axis of piece perpendicular to lower floor's oval ring paster；The coupled patch is located at the upper surface of middle layer printed circuit board, one end connection coupled patch of feed probes, the other end Connect double frequency frequency and become complex impedance match circuit, double frequency frequency becomes the upper table that complex impedance match circuit is located at the lower layer printed circuit board Face；Double frequency frequency becomes microstrip transmission line one, microstrip transmission line two, the microstrip transmission line three that complex impedance match circuit includes being sequentially connected With 50 ohm of feeder lines, set between microstrip transmission line one and microstrip transmission line two micro-strip open circuit minor matters two, microstrip transmission line two with it is micro- Micro-strip open circuit minor matters one, the inner wire of 50 ohm of feeder line connection input connectors are set between band transmission line three.
- 2. a kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna according to claim 1, its feature exist In the upper printed circuit board, middle layer printed circuit board and lower layer printed circuit board are fixed by fixed screw, each layer printing electricity Fixed screw peripheral hardware fixed cover between the plate of road, the height of fixed cover is respective air lamellar spacing thickness.
- 3. a kind of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna according to claim 1 or 2, its feature It is, air lamellar spacing gross thickness is 35~40mm.
- A kind of 4. impedance matching of 840/920MHz double frequency round polarized radio frequency identification reader antenna according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that first by adjusting the length and width of the micro-strip open circuit minor matters one, change reading and writing device antenna low frequency The input impedance of section and high band；By adjusting the length and width of the micro-strip open circuit minor matters two, change reading and writing device antenna The input impedance of high band, and the input impedance on reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range influences very little；Two sections of micro-strip open circuits are adjusted respectively The length and width of minor matters, the input impedance of reading and writing device antenna low-frequency range and high band can be changed, reading and writing device antenna be realized double Again and again complex impedance matching is become.
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| CN109616775B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-09-18 | 广东曼克维通信科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized antenna |
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| CN109728421A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-07 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | A kind of antenna structure and communication terminal |
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| CN111786079B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2021-08-31 | 大连海事大学 | Single-feed circularly polarized RFID reader-writer antenna |
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