CN105226362B - Series feed structure power splitter, array antenna system and its design method - Google Patents
Series feed structure power splitter, array antenna system and its design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of series feed structure power splitters, including an input port and multiple output ports, the power splitter uses series feed structure, the input port is located at middle, the multiple output end is since the first order of middle to two sides step by step down by fixed proportion distribution power, the range value of the multiple output port is fixed value, which meets cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution feature.The series feed power splitter of fixed amplitude of the invention no longer needs to adjustment range value, and the time for just completing the design of power splitter greatly reduces, and design efficiency greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of communication wire technical field more particularly to a kind of series feed structure power splitters, array antenna system
System and its design method.
Background technique
In the design of modern passive array antenna, power splitter and antenna are all essential elements, the two work together
Referred to as array antenna system when making.
Power splitter full name power divider, be it is a kind of will all the way input signal energy be divided into two-way or multiple-channel output it is equal or
The synthesis of multiple signals energy can also be exported all the way in turn, can be also referred to as combiner at this time by the device of unequal energy.One
It should ensure that certain isolation between the output port of power splitter.The important technological parameters of power splitter include: power loss (including
Insertion loss, distribution loss and reflection loss), the voltage standing wave ratio of each port, the isolation between power distribution port, power holds
Amount and frequency bandwidth etc..In array antenna design, power splitter be in order to meet docked with antenna in amplitude needed for antenna and
Phase.
In the design of traditional array antenna system, often first array of designs antenna part, then by array antenna
The data of element pattern, which are brought into algorithm, calculate obtaining one group and the immediate amplitude of target direction figure and phase
Value, followed by this group of design data power splitter.After power splitter is provided with, then with antenna docks and verify, complete design.Such as
Fruit is traditional power splitter, design the model exported as this group of data be it is very many and diverse, power splitter mould should be adjusted
Some state modulator amplitudes in type, will also adjust other state modulator phases.A power splitter is designed in such a manner
The time for probably needing 1-2 weeks, so that the design process of power splitter becomes many and diverse and inefficient.
The design cycle of traditional array antenna system, comprising: general first in designing existing Array Antenna Synthesis model
First array of designs antenna, the directional diagram of array element is input in genetic algorithm, is calculated needed for antenna close to target side
To the amplitude and phase of figure.According to the power splitter of this two groups of design data traditional structures, then after the completion of power splitter design with battle array
Array antenna docking, last test is as a result, complete design.
The power splitter design process of traditional structure is very cumbersome, i.e., to adjust amplitude, also want adjustment phase place.Usually adjustment one
The amplitude or phase of a port require to devote a tremendous amount of time.Entire design process probably needs to spend 1-2 weeks time,
Seriously affect the time schedule of entire power splitter design cycle.Meanwhile genetic algorithm needs to calculate in calculating than battle array in array
More one times of the disaggregation of first quantity, i.e. amplitude and phase, and genetic algorithm has randomness, computer can be allowed to spend so more
Time find disaggregation, influence the time schedule of entire design cycle.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention firstly provides a kind of series feed structure power splitters, comprising: an input terminal
Mouthful and multiple output ports, the power splitter use series feed structure, the input port is located at middle, the multiple output end from
The middle first order starts to two sides step by step down by fixed proportion distribution power, and the range value of the multiple output port is
Fixed value, the range value meet cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution feature.
Preferably, the spacing of the output port uses the half-wavelength of 9GHz, and each port output micro-strip line width is 1.1 millis
Rice.
Preferably, the number of the output port is 16, when input range is 1, the range value of 16 output ports
Respectively 0.0407,0.0424,0.064,0.095,0.141,0.21,0.31,0.458,0.463,0.31,0.21,0.14,
0.094,0.063,0.0415 and 0.0397.
Preferably, the multiple output end is divided by 1 to 1 fixed proportion to two sides step by step since the first order of middle
With output power, the output power of output port is successively the half of the output power of adjacent prime output port.
The present invention also provides a kind of array antenna systems, comprising: series feed power splitter and array antenna, the series feed structure
Power splitter includes an input port and multiple output ports, and the input port is located at middle, the multiple output end and
The element antenna of array antenna is connected with each other, and the multiple output end is from middle to two sides step by step down by fixed proportion point
With power, the range value of the multiple output port is fixed value, which meets cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution
Feature.
Preferably, the spacing of the output port uses the half-wavelength of 9GHz, and each port output micro-strip line width is 1.1 millis
Rice；The number of the output port is 16, when input range is 1, the range value of 16 output ports is respectively 0.0407,
0.0424、0.064、0.095、0.141、0.21、0.31、0.458、0.463、0.31、0.21、0.14、0.094、0.063、
0.0415 and 0.0397；The multiple output end since the first order of middle, by 1 to 1 fixed proportion to two sides step by step
Output power is distributed, the output power of output port is successively the half of the output power of adjacent prime output port.
The present invention also provides a kind of sides using series feed power splitter array of designs antenna system described in claim 1
Method, comprising: array of designs antenna determines the directional diagram of array element；Fixation is distributed for the output port of series feed structure power splitter
Range value, phase needed for calculating target direction figure according to the range value；In the output of the series feed structure power splitter
It docks and tests with the array antenna after the completion of phase adjustment, obtain test result.
Preferably, the series feed structure power splitter includes an input port and multiple output ports, the input port
Positioned at middle, the element antenna of the multiple output port and array antenna is connected with each other, and the multiple output port is by solid
From middle to two sides, distribution power, the range value meet cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution spy to certainty ratio step by step
Sign.
Preferably, the number of the output port is 16, when input range is 1, the range value of 16 output ports
Respectively 0.0407,0.0424,0.064,0.095,0.141,0.21,0.31,0.458,0.463,0.31,0.21,0.14,
0.094,0.063,0.0415 and 0.0397；The spacing of the output port uses the half-wavelength of 9GHz, each port output
Micro-strip line width is 1.1 millimeters.
Preferably, the multiple output end is divided by 1 to 1 fixed proportion to two sides step by step since the first order of middle
With output power, the output power of output port is successively the half of the output power of adjacent prime output port.
Compared with prior art, the output amplitude of the series feed power splitter port of fixed amplitude of the invention is determining,
In the case that amplitude determines, phase can arbitrarily adjust out required phase value according to the variable set.Skill of the invention
Because no longer needing to adjustment range value, the time for just completing the design of power splitter greatly reduces art scheme, only needs 1-2 hours energy
Design efficiency greatly improved in complete design.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that being understood by implementing technical solution of the present invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can by
Specifically noted structure and/or process are achieved and obtained in specification, claims and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide to further understand technical solution of the present invention or the prior art, and constitutes specification
A part.Wherein, the attached drawing of embodiment of the present invention technical side for explaining the present invention together with embodiments of the present invention is expressed
Case, but do not constitute the limitation to technical solution of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the series feed structure schematic diagram of the fixed amplitude of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Antenna Design flow diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the front schematic view of the printed dipole antenna array in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the reverse side schematic diagram of the printed dipole antenna array in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the reflecting plate in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is array antenna and power splitter collective model front schematic view in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is array antenna and power splitter collective model reverse side schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is that the final result of the power splitter and the emulation of Array Antenna Synthesis modeling in the embodiment of the present invention compares
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, how to apply to the present invention whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching relevant art effect can fully understand and implement.This hair
Each feature in bright embodiment and embodiment, can be combined with each other under the premise of not colliding, be formed by technical solution
It is within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the step of method of the embodiment of the present invention shown by attached drawing is included, it can be in such as one group of computer
It is executed in the computer system of executable instruction.Although also, the method for the embodiment of the present invention embodies in the flow chart shown in
The certain logical order of technical solution of the present invention when being executed is gone out, but typically, which is only limitted to pass through
Embodiment shown by the flow chart.In other embodiments of the invention, the logical order of technical solution of the present invention
Can by be different from it is shown in the drawings in a manner of realize.
The present invention is based on the power splitters of traditional structure, propose a kind of series feed power splitter of fixed amplitude.The fixed amplitude
The output amplitude of series feed power splitter port be it is determining, in the case where amplitude determines, phase can be according to having set
Variable arbitrarily adjusts out required phase value.Because no longer needing to adjustment range value, the time for just completing the design of power splitter is significantly
It reduces, only needing 1-2 hours can complete design.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of series feed structure power splitter of fixed amplitude, including an input port and multiple output ends
Mouthful, which uses series feed structure, and the input port is located at middle, and the multiple output end is opened from the middle first order
Begin to two sides step by step down by fixed proportion distribution power, the range value of the multiple output port is fixed value, and the group is solid
Fixed range value meets cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution feature.Specifically, which can also be named as fixed width
Degree only phase controlling half-power is successively decreased series feed structure Gysel power splitter.Further, the spacing of the output port uses 9Ghz
Half-wavelength, i.e. 16.7mm, each port output micro-strip line width is 1.1mm.The rear portion of power splitter is used as using monolith copper sheet and is connect
Ground terminal.The number of the output port and the number of array element are identical.
In array antenna system design, the linear scale of d (x) parameter length in output phase and Fig. 1 need to be only found out, is pressed
According to proportion adjustment d1, the output phase of adjustment power splitter output port is can be realized in d2, d3 ... d15, d16 variable size.This
The series feed structure of kind can allow the design of power splitter to become succinct, efficient.
For example, the novel series feed structure power splitter of the fixed amplitude possesses 1 input port and 16 output ports, wherein 16
The spacing of a output port uses the half-wavelength of 9Ghz, i.e. 16.7mm, each port output micro-strip line width is 1.1mm.The function point
The dielectric-slab that device uses is Rogers 4330, dielectric constant 3.5, with a thickness of 0.508mm.The rear portion of power splitter uses monolith copper
Plate is as ground terminal.The multiple output end is distributed to two sides by fixed proportion distribution power since the first order of middle and is exported
Power is that down distribution power, the output power of output port are successively that adjacent prime is defeated step by step using 1 to 1 power output
The half of exit port output power.When input range is 1,16 groups of output amplitudes be respectively [0.0407,0.0424,0.064,
0.095、0.141、0.21、0.31、0.458、0.463、0.31、0.21、0.14、0.094、0.063、0.0415、0.0397]。
Verified, which meets cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution feature, can realize under genetic algorithm help
The cosecant square figuration of beauty.
Using the fixed amplitude of power splitter as datum in genetic algorithm calculating process, required phase only need to be calculated i.e.
Can, compared to the time that the algorithm that traditional design method can save more than half finds disaggregation.
Series feed structure power splitter based on fixed amplitude shown in FIG. 1, as shown in Fig. 2, the invention proposes a kind of efficient
Succinct array antenna system design cycle, comprising:
Step S210, array of designs antenna.
Step S220, extracts the directional diagram of array element from array antenna, and substitutes into genetic algorithm.
Step S230 substitutes into heredity using the range value of the fixation of the output port of series feed structure power splitter as datum
In algorithm, phase needed for calculating target direction figure using genetic algorithm.
Step S240, according to the output phase of the series feed structure power splitter of phase adjustment needed for target direction figure.
Step S250, after the completion of the output phase adjustment of series feed structure power splitter, by series feed structure power splitter and array day
Line is docked and is tested, and obtains test result.
Specifically, series feed structure power splitter, including an input port and multiple output ports, the power splitter is using series feed
Structure, the input port are located at middle, the multiple output end since the first order of middle to two sides step by step down
By fixed proportion distribution power, the range value of the multiple output port is fixed value, and the range value of group fixation meets cosecant
Transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution feature.The multiple output end since the first order of middle by fixed proportion distribution power to
Output power is distributed in two sides, is using 1 to 1 power output down distribution power step by step, the output power of output port is successively
It is the half of adjacent prime output port output power.When input range is 1,16 groups of output amplitudes be respectively [0.0407,
0.0424、0.064、0.095、0.141、0.21、0.31、0.458、0.463、0.31、0.21、0.14、0.094、0.063、
0.0415、0.0397]。
In above-mentioned process, the amplitude of power splitter does not need to be adjusted, and need to only be adjusted according to calculated phase value
The design of power splitter can be completed in the output phase of power splitter.In the series feed power splitter design process of above-mentioned fixed amplitude,
Because required phase only need to be calculated using the fixed amplitude of power splitter as datum in genetic algorithm calculating process,
Compared to the time that the algorithm that traditional design method can save more than half finds disaggregation.
Application example
Selected cosecant square extension wave beam is target direction figure, designs a X-band linear polarization printed dipole antenna
The collective model of array and power splitter.The specific targets of array aerial direction figure are as follows: -3dB width range is 0 ° -12 °, -10dB
Beam angle is 65 °, and wave cover is 65 °, and frequency range is 8.5GHz~9.6GHz, centre frequency 9.05GHz.
As shown in Fig. 2, array antenna system design cycle, comprising:
Firstly, array of designs antenna part；
Printed dipole antenna array front is as shown in figure 3, the reverse side of printed dipole antenna array is as shown in Figure 4.Instead
The structure of plate is penetrated as shown in figure 5, reflecting plate is added in antenna medium plate (such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4) intermediate black line part.The dielectric-slab of use
For Rogers 4350, dielectric constant 3.5, with a thickness of 0.508mm.The half-wavelength 16.7mm of 9Ghz is divided between each unit.
The directional diagram of this 16 array elements is extracted and is brought into genetic algorithm.
Then, the series feed structure power splitter of fixed amplitude is designed；
Determine the fixation output amplitude of series feed power splitter as shown in Figure 1,16 groups of amplitudes be respectively [0.0407,0.0424,
0.064、0.095、0.141、0.21、0.31、0.458、0.463、0.31、0.21、0.14、0.094、0.063、0.0415、
0.0397].This group of amplitude is brought into genetic algorithm as datum, is calculated closest with target cosecant square extension wave beam
One group of phase value.The linear scale of d (x) parameter and output phase in power splitter model is found out, that is, is found and output phase
The quantized values of the corresponding d (x) in position, quantitative later d (x) parameter is brought into power splitter model, output width can be obtained
Degree and phase are numerical value needed for transmission distance antenna, complete the design of power splitter.
Then, power splitter is docked with array antenna.Power splitter and Array Antenna Synthesis model front and back sides respectively such as Fig. 7,
Shown in Fig. 8.
Finally, testing power splitter and Array Antenna Synthesis model, and check final result.
Final result as shown in figure 8, A line be genetic algorithm it is calculated excitation figuration at cosecant-squared pattern, B line
For power splitter according to genetic algorithm it is calculated excitation adjustment output port phase after figuration at cosecant-squared pattern.
With the application of the invention, the design time of the series feed power splitter of fixed amplitude only needs in the case where array antenna determines
1-2 hours, and traditional power splitter design time needs 1-2 weeks.The time that antenna output result is calculated in genetic algorithm also shortens
Half or so.The overall time that antenna is designed with power splitter also greatly shortens.Technical solution of the present invention has not only saved the time
Cost, and the design process of antenna system entirety is become simply, efficiently.
Those skilled in the art should be understood that each of device provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention and/or system
Each step in component part and method, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or be distributed in multiple calculating
On network composed by device.Optionally, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform.It is thus possible to
It is stored in storage device and is performed by computing device, or they are fabricated to each integrated circuit modules,
Or single integrated circuit module is maked multiple modules or steps in them to realize.In this way, the present invention is not limited to
Any specific hardware and software combines.
Although disclosed herein embodiment it is as above, the content only technical solution of the present invention for ease of understanding
And the embodiment used, it is not intended to limit the invention.Technical staff in any fields of the present invention is not departing from this
Under the premise of the disclosed spirit and scope of invention, any modification and variation can be carried out in the form and details of implementation,
But scope of patent protection of the invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of series feed structure power splitter characterized by comprising an input port and multiple output ports,
The power splitter uses series feed structure, and the input port is located at middle, and the multiple output port is from middle first
Grade starts, and output power is distributed step by step to two sides by 1 to 1 fixed proportion, before the output power of output port is successively adjacent
The half of the output power of grade output port；
The range value of the multiple output port is fixed value, and it is special which meets cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution
Sign；
Wherein, the number of the output port is 16, and when input range is 1, the range value of 16 output ports is respectively
0.0407、0.0424、0.064、0.095、0.141、0.21、0.31、0.458、0.463、0.31、0.21、0.14、0.094、
0.063,0.0415 and 0.0397.
2. series feed structure power splitter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The spacing of the output port uses the half-wavelength of 9GHz, and each port output micro-strip line width is 1.1 millimeters.
3. a kind of array antenna system characterized by comprising series feed structure power splitter and array antenna, the series feed structure
Power splitter includes an input port and multiple output ports, and the input port is located at middle, the multiple output port
It is connected with each other with the element antenna of array antenna, the multiple output port is since the first order of middle, by 1 to 1 fixed ratio
Example distributes output power to two sides step by step, and the output power of output port is successively the output power of adjacent prime output port
Half；
The range value of the multiple output port is fixed value, and it is special which meets cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution
Sign；
Wherein, the number of the output port is 16, and when input range is 1, the range value of 16 output ports is respectively
0.0407、0.0424、0.064、0.095、0.141、0.21、0.31、0.458、0.463、0.31、0.21、0.14、0.094、
0.063,0.0415 and 0.0397.
4. array antenna system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The spacing of the output port uses the half-wavelength of 9GHz, and each port output micro-strip line width is 1.1 millimeters.
5. a kind of design method of array antenna system, using series feed structure power splitter array of designs day described in claim 1
Linear system system, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
Array of designs antenna determines the directional diagram of array element；
For the range value that the output port distribution of series feed structure power splitter is fixed, target direction figure is calculated according to the range value
Required phase；
It docks and tests with the array antenna after the completion of adjustment of the output phase of the series feed structure power splitter, tested
As a result；
Wherein, the series feed structure power splitter includes an input port and multiple output ports, and the input port is located at just
The element antenna of centre, the multiple output port and array antenna is connected with each other, and the multiple output port is from middle the
Level-one starts, and distributes output power step by step to two sides by 1 to 1 fixed proportion, the output power of output port is successively adjacent
The half of the output power of prime output port；
The range value meets cosecant transmission distance antenna amplitude distribution feature；
The number of the output port is 16, and when input range is 1, the range value of 16 output ports is respectively
0.0407、0.0424、0.064、0.095、0.141、0.21、0.31、0.458、0.463、0.31、0.21、0.14、0.094、
0.063,0.0415 and 0.0397.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
The spacing of the output port uses the half-wavelength of 9GHz, and each port output micro-strip line width is 1.1 millimeters.
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| CN113540830A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-22 | 深圳市道通智能汽车有限公司 | Antenna array, system and millimeter wave radar |
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