CN105226250A - Coated with silica combination electrode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coated with silica combination electrode material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105226250A CN105226250A CN201510585096.7A CN201510585096A CN105226250A CN 105226250 A CN105226250 A CN 105226250A CN 201510585096 A CN201510585096 A CN 201510585096A CN 105226250 A CN105226250 A CN 105226250A
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- electrode material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses coated with silica combination electrode material and preparation method thereof, relate to field of lithium ion battery, be specifically related to the modification technology of electrode material for lithium ion cell.The particle surface of the powdered electrode material of micron-level particle size is coated with silicon oxide; The weight of the silicon dioxide on coated accounts for 0.1% ~ 10% of particle total weight.Operating procedure: a, sodium metasilicate is dissolved in water, obtains sodium silicate solution; B, starting powder shape electrode material granules is joined in sodium silicate solution; C, stirring form uniform slurries; D, add dilution heat of sulfuric acid gradually, and fully stir; E, filtration, separation; F, to wash with water, until can't detect sulfate radical in filtrate; G, oven dry obtain combination electrode material.The invention solves and how to improve electrode material cycle life, and then extend the cycle life problem of lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lithium ion battery, be specifically related to the modification technology of electrode material for lithium ion cell.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is a kind of rechargeable battery, primarily of positive pole, electrolyte and negative pole three part composition.The positive electrode that lithium ion battery is conventional is cobalt acid lithium, LiFePO4, ternary material etc., and conventional negative material is Carbon Materials, graphite material, lithium titanate material etc.Original positive electrode is generally particle diameter at the powdery granule of about 5 μm, and negative material is generally particle diameter at the powdery granule of about 20 μm.When producing battery, with adhesive these powdery granules are sticked on conductive substrates material, form the coating of about tens micron thickness.
Battery is when charging, and lithium ion is deviate from from the grain structure of positive electrode, through electrolyte, is then embedded in the particle of negative material; During electric discharge, then conversely, lithium ion is deviate from from the particle of negative material, through electrolyte, is then embedded in the particle of positive electrode.See visually, this is similar to " playing on the swing ".The radius of lithium ion is 0.7, is minimum in metal ion, but still has certain volume.Therefore, when lithium ion is deviate from from the particle of electrode material, the volume of particle will have contraction to a certain degree; And when in Lithium-ion embeding to the particle of battery material, the volume of particle will have expansion to a certain degree.Such as, when in Lithium-ion embeding to carbon cathode material, the particle volume of carbon cathode material will expand about 8.8%; And when lithium ion is deviate from from lithium iron phosphate positive material, the particle volume of this positive electrode will shrink about 6.6%.
After electrode material granules repeatedly expands and shrinks in charge and discharge process, its grain structure will progressively cave in, and that is, a particle originally can become several less particle.But adhesive is not bonded together them between the granule of these new generations, so just likely come off from coating, no longer participate in discharge and recharge reaction, thus the capacity of battery is declined gradually.
It is generally acknowledged, before battery capacity drops to a certain setting, the number of times of energy repeated charge is called the cycle life of battery.The cycle life of lithium ion battery test condition of national Specification and requirement are: under the condition of ambient temperature 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, with 1C current charges; When battery terminal voltage reaches charging deboost 4.2V, change constant voltage charge into; Until charging current is less than or equal to 1/20C, stop charging; Shelve 0.5h ~ 1h, then with 1C current discharge to final voltage 2.75V; After electric discharge terminates, shelve 0.5h ~ 1h, then carry out next charge and discharge cycles, until double discharge time is less than 36min, then think end-of-life; Cycle-index must be greater than 300 times.
Correspondingly can define the cycle life of positive electrode and negative material.It is generally acknowledged, the cycle-index when the capacity of electrode material drops to 80% of capacity is first the cycle life of this material.Obviously, if want the cycle life improving battery, the cycle life improving positive electrode and negative material to first be managed.
It is generally acknowledged now, the cycle life of carbon cathode material is about 1,000 times, and the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate positive material is about 2,000 times, and the cycle life of tertiary cathode material is about 1,000 times, and the cycle life of lithium cobaltate cathode material is about 500 times.Although the cycle life of lithium titanate anode material can reach more than 10,000 times, this material to lithium current potential up to 1.5V, make the output voltage of the battery constructed with this negative material very low, only have an appointment 2V; And contrast with it, carbon cathode material be 0.2V to lithium current potential, very low, be greater than 3V with the output voltage of battery of carbon cathode material structure.
In a word, the cycle life extending lithium ion battery is one of developing direction of lithium ion battery, and improves the prerequisite that electrode material cycle life is raising battery cycle life.Current industry generally wishes to develop the electrode material as lithium titanate material with up to ten thousand cycle lives.。
Summary of the invention
The invention provides coated with silica combination electrode material and preparation method thereof, the invention solves and how to improve electrode material cycle life, and then extend the cycle life problem of lithium ion battery.
For solving the problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: coated with silica combination electrode material, and the particle surface of the powdered electrode material of micron-level particle size is coated with silicon oxide; The weight of the silicon dioxide on coated accounts for 0.1% ~ 10% of particle total weight, and preferably 0.5% ~ 2%.
The electrode material be wrapped by is various negative or positive electrode materials general in lithium ion battery, they are: carbon cathode material, graphite cathode material, lithium titanate anode material, lithium iron phosphate positive material, lithium cobaltate cathode material, manganate cathode material for lithium, tertiary cathode material, nickel lithium manganate cathode material or lithium ferric manganese phosphate positive electrode, but are not limited only to these materials.
The particle diameter of the powdered electrode material of micron-level particle size is 1-99 micron.
The preparation method of coated with silica combination electrode material, operating procedure is:
A, sodium metasilicate is dissolved in water, obtains sodium silicate solution; The mass fraction of the sodium silicate solution prepared is 0.01% ~ 10%, is preferably 0.1% ~ 1%;
B, starting powder shape electrode material granules is joined in sodium silicate solution; Sodium metasilicate (Na
2siO
3) be 0.2% ~ 20% with the mass ratio of electrode material, be preferably 1% ~ 4%;
C, stirring form uniform slurries;
D, add dilution heat of sulfuric acid gradually, and fully stir; Mol ratio between sulfuric acid and sodium metasilicate, 0.8 ~ 1.2, is preferably 0.95 ~ 1.05; Add sulfuric acid and stir duration be 0.1 ~ 10 hour, be preferably 0.5 ~ 3 hour;
E, filtration, separation;
F, to wash with water, until can't detect sulfate radical in filtrate;
G, oven dry, the temperature of oven dry is 100 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, is preferably 200 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, afterwards, obtains combination electrode material.
Principle of the present invention is: in steps d, following reaction occurs:
Na
2SiO
3+H
2SO
4+H
2O??Si(OH)
4ˉ+Na
2SO
4
Here silica gel (the Si (OH) generated
4) precipitate and will be adsorbed on the particle surface of electrode material.Through step e and f, wash away the sodium sulphate (Na produced in reaction
2sO
4).Again through step g, Silicagel dehydration is at high temperature allowed to generate silicon dioxide:
Si(OH)
4??SiO
2+2H
2O↑
After the high temperature sintering of step g, the silicon dioxide generated here will be adsorbed on particle surface, forms coating layer.During Silicagel dehydration, the effusion of hydrone will form hole on coating layer; Therefore, the coated with silica layer formed here should be fishing net shaped.
In above-mentioned preparation process, the waste liquid produced during isolated by filtration is metabisulfite solution, very little to environmental hazard; Can discharge after simple process.
The raw material that the present invention adopts when preparing combination electrode material is sodium metasilicate and sulfuric acid, and cost is low, be easy to get, and nontoxic, can not to environment.Meanwhile, production technology is simple, easy to operate, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
By best embodiment, the present invention is described in detail below
.
embodiment 1
A, sodium metasilicate is dissolved in water, obtains the sodium silicate solution that concentration is 0.1%.
B, 1 Kg of powder shape Carbon Materials for Anodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries particle is joined in 20 kilogram of 0.1% sodium silicate solution; Here sodium metasilicate (Na
2siO
3) be 2% with the mass ratio of electrode material.
C, stirring form uniform slurries.
D, in 1 hour, add the dilution heat of sulfuric acid of 152.6 gram 10% gradually, and fully stir; Here the mol ratio between added sulfuric acid and sodium metasilicate is 0.95.
E, filtration, separation.
F, to wash with water, until can't detect sulfate radical in filtrate.
G, at 150 DEG C dry after, obtain the carbon cathode material of coated with silica.Here coated silicon dioxide and the mass ratio of electrode material are 0.94%.
H, under identical condition, is contrast experiment with not coated carbon cathode material and coated carbon cathode material.According to usual way, two kinds of negative materials are assembled into battery with lithium sheet respectively, under the low range of 0.1C, carry out charge-discharge test.Experimental result is, the cycle life of not coated carbon cathode material is about 1,000 times, and the cycle life of coated carbon cathode material is greater than 10,000 times.Result shows, coated silica can increase substantially the cycle life of carbon cathode material.
embodiment 2
A, sodium metasilicate is dissolved in water, obtains the sodium silicate solution that concentration is 0.5%.
B, 1 Kg of powder shape lithium iron phosphate cathode material for lithium ion battery particle is joined in 8 kilogram of 0.5% sodium silicate solution; Here sodium metasilicate (Na
2siO
3) be 4% with the mass ratio of electrode material.
C, stirring form uniform slurries.
D, in 3 hours, add the dilution heat of sulfuric acid of 160.6 gram 20% gradually, and fully stir; Here the mol ratio between added sulfuric acid and sodium metasilicate is 1.
E, filtration, separation.
F, to wash with water, until can't detect sulfate radical in filtrate.
G, at 300 DEG C dry after, obtain the lithium iron phosphate positive material of coated with silica.Here coated silicon dioxide and the mass ratio of electrode material are 1.97%.
H, under identical condition, is contrast experiment with not coated lithium iron phosphate positive material and coated lithium iron phosphate positive material.According to usual way, two kinds of positive electrodes are assembled into battery with far excessive charcoal negative pole respectively, under the multiplying power of 1C, carry out charge-discharge test.Experimental result is, the cycle life of not coated lithium iron phosphate positive material is about 2,000 times, and the cycle life of coated lithium iron phosphate positive material is greater than 10,000 times.Result shows, coated silica can increase substantially the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate positive material.
embodiment 3
A, sodium metasilicate is dissolved in water, obtains the sodium silicate solution that concentration is 1%.
B, 1 Kg of powder shape lithium ion battery tertiary cathode material particle is joined in 1 kilogram of 1% sodium silicate solution; Here sodium metasilicate (Na
2siO
3) be 1% with the mass ratio of electrode material.
C, separately add 9 kg water, stir and form uniform slurries.
D, in 0.5 hour, add the dilution heat of sulfuric acid of 168.6 gram 5% gradually, and fully stir; Here the mol ratio between added sulfuric acid and sodium metasilicate is 1.05.
E, filtration, separation.
F, to wash with water, until can't detect sulfate radical in filtrate.
G, at 500 DEG C dry after, obtain the tertiary cathode material of coated with silica.
H, under identical condition, is contrast experiment with not coated tertiary cathode material and coated tertiary cathode material.According to usual way, two kinds of positive electrodes are assembled into battery with far excessive charcoal negative pole respectively, under the multiplying power of 1C, carry out charge-discharge test.Experimental result is, the cycle life of not coated tertiary cathode material is about 1,000 times, and the cycle life of coated tertiary cathode material is greater than 10,000 times.Result shows, coated silica can increase substantially the cycle life of tertiary cathode material.
Last it is noted that obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and the restriction not to execution mode.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all execution modes.And thus the apparent change of amplifying out or variation be still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. coated with silica combination electrode material, is characterized in that, the particle surface of the powdered electrode material of micron-level particle size is coated with silicon oxide; The weight of the silicon dioxide on coated accounts for 0.1% ~ 10% of particle total weight.
2. coated with silica combination electrode material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight of the silicon dioxide on coated accounts for 0.5% ~ 2% of particle total weight.
3. coated with silica combination electrode material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the electrode material be wrapped by is: carbon cathode material, graphite cathode material, lithium titanate anode material, lithium iron phosphate positive material, lithium cobaltate cathode material, manganate cathode material for lithium, tertiary cathode material, nickel lithium manganate cathode material or lithium ferric manganese phosphate positive electrode.
4. coated with silica combination electrode material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of the powdered electrode material of micron-level particle size is 1 ~ 99 micron.
5. the preparation method of coated with silica combination electrode material, is characterized in that, operating procedure is:
A, sodium metasilicate is dissolved in water, obtains sodium silicate solution; The mass fraction of the sodium silicate solution prepared is 0.01% ~ 10%;
B, starting powder shape electrode material granules is joined in sodium silicate solution; Sodium metasilicate (Na
2siO
3) be 0.2% ~ 20% with the mass ratio of electrode material;
C, stirring form uniform slurries;
D, add dilution heat of sulfuric acid gradually, and fully stir; Mol ratio between sulfuric acid and sodium metasilicate is 0.8 ~ 1.2; Add sulfuric acid and stir duration be 0.1 ~ 10 hour;
E, filtration, separation;
F, to wash with water, until can't detect sulfate radical in filtrate;
G, oven dry, the temperature of oven dry is 100 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, afterwards, obtains combination electrode material.
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| CN201510585096.7A CN105226250A (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2015-09-15 | Coated with silica combination electrode material and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510585096.7A CN105226250A (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2015-09-15 | Coated with silica combination electrode material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105742618A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-06 | 河北省科学院能源研究所 | Lithium titanate composite anode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105932262A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-09-07 | 福建师范大学 | Preparation method of spinel-coated lithium-rich lithium manganate anode material |
| CN105958034A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-09-21 | 福建师范大学 | Method for preparing silicon oxide coated spinel lithium-rich lithium manganate material |
| CN106058195A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-26 | 天津巴莫科技股份有限公司 | Double-coated lithium vanadium phosphate anode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107146875A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-09-08 | 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 | A kind of heat chemistry blocking-up type composite positive pole, anode pole piece and preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery |
| CN109659511A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-04-19 | 五邑大学 | A kind of SiO2Coat tertiary cathode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106025258B (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2019-06-14 | 天津天锂能源科技有限公司 | The preparation method of the spinel lithium-rich lithium manganate cathode material of gel coated |
| CN111357138A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-06-30 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Negative electrode active material for lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery |
| CN115974175A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-04-18 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method, product and application of silicon dioxide coated ternary material |
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| CN103172120A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-26 | 湖南桑顿新能源有限公司 | Preparation method of silicon-coated lithium ion battery anode material |
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2015
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105742618A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-06 | 河北省科学院能源研究所 | Lithium titanate composite anode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105742618B (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2017-09-12 | 河北省科学院能源研究所 | A kind of lithium titanate composite anode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105932262A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-09-07 | 福建师范大学 | Preparation method of spinel-coated lithium-rich lithium manganate anode material |
| CN105958034A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-09-21 | 福建师范大学 | Method for preparing silicon oxide coated spinel lithium-rich lithium manganate material |
| CN106025258B (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2019-06-14 | 天津天锂能源科技有限公司 | The preparation method of the spinel lithium-rich lithium manganate cathode material of gel coated |
| CN106058195A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-26 | 天津巴莫科技股份有限公司 | Double-coated lithium vanadium phosphate anode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107146875A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-09-08 | 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 | A kind of heat chemistry blocking-up type composite positive pole, anode pole piece and preparation method thereof, lithium ion battery |
| CN111357138A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-06-30 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Negative electrode active material for lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery |
| CN111357138B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2023-10-13 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Negative electrode active material for lithium ion battery, and lithium ion battery |
| CN109659511A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-04-19 | 五邑大学 | A kind of SiO2Coat tertiary cathode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115974175A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-04-18 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method, product and application of silicon dioxide coated ternary material |
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