CN105220216B - A kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy electrochemical polishing method - Google Patents
A kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy electrochemical polishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105220216B CN105220216B CN201510624921.XA CN201510624921A CN105220216B CN 105220216 B CN105220216 B CN 105220216B CN 201510624921 A CN201510624921 A CN 201510624921A CN 105220216 B CN105220216 B CN 105220216B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy electrochemical polishing method, this method is comprised the following steps that：Aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) and trimethylamine hydrochloride are stirred into 2 6h at 20 40 DEG C and produce alchlor trimethylamine hydrochloride ionic liquid polishing fluid；Pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and copper sheet are placed in 5 10 min of ultrasonic cleaning in acetone soln, then with distilled water flushing, finally dried up with cold wind；Electrochemical polish is carried out to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy with the pulse power, pure aluminum or aluminum alloy is used as negative electrode, the Hz of pulse frequency 1,000 2000, dutycycle 1/4 3/4, the A/dm of current density 1.5 3 as anode, copper sheet2, operation temperature is 40 60 DEG C, the min of polishing time 10 30；Pure aluminum or aluminum alloy is taken out to be immediately placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and cleaned, then washes, dries.Polishing fluid used of the invention is alchlor trimethylamine hydrochloride ionic liquid, and component is simple, and the material such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, chromic acid, environmental protection, and wide material sources, not cheap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy electrochemical polishing method.
Background technology
Aluminium and its alloy are because having the advantages that light weight, ductility are good, cheap and without black brittleness, in aviation, boat
My god, automobile, machine-building, the field such as ship have a wide range of applications.It is ornamental not good but aluminium and its alloy have wearability low
The shortcomings of.Therefore, in actual production application, it is necessary to which aluminium and its alloy are surface-treated.Surface polishing is exactly wherein
A kind of processing mode.The processing of surface polishing of aluminium and its alloy mainly includes mechanical polishing, chemical polishing and electrochemical polish.
Mechanical polishing is to remove the position of rat by cutting to obtain smooth surface, the Surface flat of processed rear part compared with
It is good, but mechanical polishing labor intensity is larger, it is seriously polluted and complex-shaped material is difficult to polish, when glossiness is kept
Between it is shorter.Chemical polishing includes acid polishing and alkaline polishing, and polishing speed is very fast but whard to control, and has gas overflowing tight
Heavily contaminated environment.Electrochemical polish（Electrobrightening）It is that the two poles of the earth are soaked simultaneously so that by throwing workpiece, as anode, insoluble petal is negative electrode
Enter into electrolytic cell, pass to electric current and produce selective anodic solution, so as to reach the effect of workpiece surface brightness increase
Really.For being difficult to require that high, complex-shaped aluminium workpiece can use electrification with mechanical polishing, the aluminum component of chemical polishing or glossiness
Optical polishing, and the sample glossiness retention time of electrochemical polish is longer, and Corrosion Protection is preferable.
Traditional electrochemical polish liquid is phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-chromic acid type, although this polishing fluid polishing effect is preferably,
Containing carcinogens such as Cr VIs, environmental pollution is serious.In recent years, in order to solve liquid band containing chrome polish come environmental issue, people
Carried out it is substantial amounts of probe into and test, replace chromic acid with oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid etc..Patent of invention CN 102312274
A discloses a kind of Chrome-free electrochemical polish liquid（Main component：Phosphatase 24 0-60 g/L, sulfuric acid 10-15 g/L, glycerine 1-5 g/L,
Citric acid 1-10 g/L, methyl-etherified methylolurea 1-5 g/L）With preferable polishing effect.But the acid of this kind of polishing fluid contains
Amount is universal higher, acid strong, easily causes the corrosion of aluminium workpiece, while being polished in this kind of polishing fluid, generally requires in 70-100
Carried out at DEG C, operation temperature is higher, is also easy to produce acid mist, production environment is had a certain impact.Therefore, a kind of acid content is found
Less, the aluminium and its alloy electrochemical polish liquid that operation temperature is low, environmental pollution is small have important practical significance should with wide
Use prospect.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy electrochemical polishing method.
A kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy electrochemical polishing method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
1）The preparation of polishing fluid：Aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) and trimethylamine hydrochloride are stirred into 2-6h at 20-40 DEG C and produce tri-chlorination
Aluminium-trimethylamine hydrochloride ionic liquid polishing fluid；
2）Sample pre-treatments：Pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and copper sheet are placed in ultrasonic cleaning 5-10 min in acetone soln, then
With distilled water flushing, finally dried up with cold wind；
3）Electrochemical polish：Electrochemical polish, pure aluminum or aluminum alloy conduct are carried out to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy with the pulse power
Anode, copper sheet is used as negative electrode, pulse frequency 1000-2000 Hz, dutycycle 1/4-3/4, current density 1.5-3 A/dm2, operation
Temperature is 40-60 DEG C, polishing time 10-30 min；
4）Sample clean：Pure aluminum or aluminum alloy is taken out to be immediately placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and cleaned, then washes, dries.
The mol ratio of the aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) and trimethylamine hydrochloride is 1.5:1-2:1.
Brown color is presented in the alchlor-trimethylamine hydrochloride ionic liquid polishing fluid, and density is 1.3683-1.4947
g/L。
The aluminium alloy is 2024 aluminium alloys, 7075 aluminium alloys, A319 aluminium alloys or cast Al-Si alloy.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
1）Polishing fluid of the present invention is alchlor-trimethylamine hydrochloride ionic liquid, and component is simple, not phosphoric acid, sulphur
The materials such as acid, chromic acid, environmental protection, and wide material sources, it is cheap.
2）Operation temperature is low when in use for polishing fluid of the present invention, can enter under conditions of room temperature or a little higher than room temperature
OK, energy expenditure is low, and polishing fluid loss is small.
3）Polishing fluid of the present invention is applied widely, not only can carry out electrochemistry throwing to fine aluminium and conventional aluminum alloys
Light, but also cast Al-Si alloy can be polished.
4）Sample polishing effect obtained by being polished by polishing fluid of the present invention is good, and glossiness is higher and the retention time
It is longer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is contrast photo before and after aluminium and aluminium alloy electric chemical polishing, wherein（a）For fine aluminium,（b）For 2024 aluminium alloys,
（c）For 7075 aluminium alloys,（d）For A319 aluminium alloys, black line lower section is not by throwing above the effect after electrochemical polish, black line
Light.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The method of electrochemical polish fine aluminium in ionic liquid, actual conditions and implementation steps are as follows：
1）The preparation of polishing fluid：209.25 g aluminum trichloride (anhydrous)s are weighed, 75.0 g trimethylamine hydrochlorides stir 2h at 20 DEG C
Required ionic liquid polishing fluid is obtained afterwards；
2）Sample pre-treatments：By fine aluminium (20mm × 14mm × 8mm) and copper sheet（33 mm×8mm×1mm）It is placed in acetone molten
It is cleaned by ultrasonic 5 ~ 10 min in liquid, then with distilled water flushing, is finally dried up with cold wind；
3）Electrochemical polish：Electrochemical polish is carried out to fine aluminium with the pulse power, fine aluminium is used as the moon as anode, copper sheet
Pole, the Hz of pulse frequency 1000, dutycycle 1/2, current density is 2 A/dm2, operation temperature is 40 DEG C, the min of polishing time 20；
4）Sample clean：Fine aluminium is taken out to be immediately placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and cleaned, then washes, dries.
Polishing effect is shown in Fig. 1（a）, from Fig. 1（a）In it can be seen that the surface of pure aluminum light that is obtained after electrochemical polish is in
Existing minute surface.
Embodiment 2
The method of the aluminium alloy of electrochemical polish 2024 in ionic liquid, actual conditions and implementation steps are as follows：
1）The preparation of ionic liquid：139.5 g aluminum trichloride (anhydrous)s are weighed, 50.0 g trimethylamine hydrochlorides are put into 250 ml
In flask, required ionic liquid polishing fluid is obtained after stirring 2h at 20 DEG C or so；
2）Sample pre-treatments：By 2024 aluminium alloys（24 mm×12mm×5mm）And copper sheet（33 mm×8mm×1mm）Put
It is cleaned by ultrasonic 5 ~ 10 min in acetone soln, then with distilled water flushing, is finally dried up with cold wind；
3）Electrochemical polish：Electrochemical polish is carried out with the pulse power, 2024 aluminium alloys are used as the moon as anode, copper sheet
Pole, the Hz of pulse frequency 1000, dutycycle 1/2, current density is 2 A/dm2, operation temperature is 40 DEG C, and polishing time is 20
min；
4）Sample clean：2024 aluminium alloys are taken out to be immediately placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and cleaned, then washes, dries.
Polishing effect is shown in Fig. 1（b）, from Fig. 1（b）In it can be seen that the 2024 alloy surface light that are obtained after electrochemical polish
It is bright.
Embodiment 3
The method of the aluminium alloy of electrochemical polish 7075 in ionic liquid, actual conditions and implementation steps are as follows：
1）The preparation of ionic liquid：Be the same as Example 1；
2）Sample pre-treatments：The processing mode be the same as Example 1 of 7075 aluminium alloys and copper sheet；
3）Electrochemical polish：Be the same as Example 1；
4）Sample clean：Be the same as Example 1.
Polishing effect is shown in Fig. 1（c）, from Fig. 1（c）In it can be seen that the 7075 alloy surface light that are obtained after electrochemical polish
Brightness is greatly promoted.
Embodiment 4
The method of electrochemical polish A319 aluminium alloys in ionic liquid, actual conditions and implementation steps are as follows：
1）The preparation of ionic liquid：Be the same as Example 1；
2）Sample pre-treatments：The processing mode be the same as Example 1 of A319 aluminium alloys and copper sheet；
3）Electrochemical polish：Be the same as Example 1；
4）Sample clean：Be the same as Example 1.
Polishing effect is shown in Fig. 1（d）, from Fig. 1（d）In it can be seen that the A319 alloy surfaces that are obtained after electrochemical polish
Brightness has greatly improved.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy electrochemical polishing method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
1）The preparation of polishing fluid：In mol ratio it is 1.5 ~ 2 by aluminum trichloride (anhydrous) and trimethylamine hydrochloride：In 20-40 under 1 ratio
DEG C stirring 2 ~ 6 h obtain alchlor-trimethylamine hydrochloride ionic liquid polishing fluid；
2）Sample pre-treatments：Pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and copper sheet are placed in ultrasonic cleaning 5-10 min in acetone soln, then with steaming
Distilled water is rinsed, and is finally dried up with cold wind；
3）Electrochemical polish：Electrochemical polish is carried out to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy with the pulse power, pure aluminum or aluminum alloy as anode,
Copper sheet is used as negative electrode, pulse frequency 1000-2000 Hz, dutycycle 1/4-3/4, current density 1.5-3 A/dm2, operation temperature
For 40-60 DEG C, polishing time 10-30 min；
4）Sample clean：Pure aluminum or aluminum alloy is taken out to be immediately placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and cleaned, then washes, dries.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy is 2024 aluminium alloys, 7075 aluminium alloys, A319
Aluminium alloy or cast Al-Si alloy.
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| CN110862773B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-10-01 | 宁波日晟新材料有限公司 | Core-shell structure nano abrasive polishing solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN110886010B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-12-11 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Electrolytic polishing solution for preparing aluminum alloy metallographic specimen and tissue display method thereof |
| CN114561643B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-03-17 | 四川大学 | Chemical polishing solution for aluminum material and polishing method thereof |
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| CN1119437C (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2003-08-27 | 李伟明 | Non-corrosion pulsively electrochemical polishing solution and process |
| GB0023708D0 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2000-11-08 | Scionix Ltd | Hydrated salt mixtures |
| EP2171131B1 (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2010-12-29 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method to electrodeposit metals using ionic liquids in the presence of an additive |
| CN102888631B (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2016-04-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of ionic liquid low-temperature electro-deposition prepares the method for Al-Bi alloy or plating Al-Bi alloy |
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