CN105218840B - A kind of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, preparation method and applications - Google Patents
A kind of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, preparation method and applications Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, preparation method and applications, the method passes through in natural fiber and polyacrylic composite fibre that VOC agent for capturing is sprayed at after shredding；By after sprinkling the natural fiber and polyacrylic composite fibre through combing, needling process fibrofelt is made；By the fibrofelt by heat pressing process the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials are made.By adding VOC agent for capturing in natural-fiber composite material preparation process to reduce the burst size of natural-fiber composite material VOC, while the mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material is substantially improved in the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fibrous composite more particularly to a kind of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, preparation methods
And its application.
Background technology
Natural-fiber composite material because it derives from a wealth of sources, it is of low cost, environmental-friendly due to be more and more applied to vapour
In-car decorations field.In recent years, due to the fast development of polypropylene material through engineering approaches modification technology so that polypropylene material is in household
And the application of automotive field is also more and more extensive.The composite material made of both raw materials is also more and more applied to
Automotive field, however use that both raw materials make at present meet material there are main problems is：In use, naturally
For fiber polypropylene composite material after reaching certain temperature, natural fiber and polypropylene can release volatile organic compounds
(volatile organic compounds, VOC), what wherein harmfulness was larger has benzene, acetone, toluene, ethylbenzene, dimethylbenzene
Deng the health of occupant can be seriously endangered.
In the prior art, for the VOC burst sizes of reduction PP composite material, scheme 1 is added in preparation process and inhales
Attached dose, to allow in raw material the pernicious gas generated to be absorbed, to achieve the purpose that reduce VOC burst sizes；Scheme 2, is adopted
Be added during the polypropylene extrusion molding high-density polyethylene resin, filler, toughener, odour absorbents, antioxidant,
Lubricant and light stabilizer, to prepare the PP composite material of low VOC burst sizes.But existing preparation method exists
Following defect：Scheme 1, adsorbent there is a possibility that secondary release after reaching adsorption saturation state, while reach saturation state
Adsorbent afterwards also reduces the adsorption capacity of VOC；Filler, toughener, smell are added in forming process and inhales for scheme 2
The additives such as agent, antioxidant, lubricant and light stabilizer are received, the production cost of product is increased.
In order to make natural-fiber composite material obtain wider array of application in automotive field, further reach energy-saving and environment-friendly mesh
, it needs to propose a kind of simple and effective method for reducing natural-fiber composite material VOC burst sizes.In addition, as in automobile
The characteristics of exterior material, natural fiber PP composite material also needs to ensure excellent in mechanical performance, therefore reducing VOC burst sizes
On the basis of, also to promote the mechanical property of composite material.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, institute
Method is stated by adding VOC agent for capturing in natural-fiber composite material preparation process, to reduce natural-fiber composite material VOC
Burst size, while the mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material is substantially improved.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of preparation method of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the side
Method includes：Step S1, in the composite fibre of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre that VOC agent for capturing is sprayed at after shredding；Step
Fibrofelt is made by combing, needling process in the composite fibre of the natural fiber and polypropylene fibre after sprinkling by S2；With
And step S3, by the fibrofelt by heat pressing process the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials are made.
Wherein, the VOC agent for capturing is following one or more：Poly-vinyl alcohol solution and urea liquid.
Optionally, in the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the natural fiber is low VOC natural fibers composite wood
Expect that the 40~60% of gross mass, the polypropylene fibre are the 60~40% of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials gross mass.
Preferably, in the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the mass percent of the natural fiber is low VOC days
The 45~55% of right fiber composite total fiber mass.
Preferably, in the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the mass percent of the natural fiber is low VOC days
The 50% of right fiber composite total fiber mass.
Wherein, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution is at a temperature of 90 DEG C~95 DEG C, by polyvinyl alcohol and water with 400~600r/
Min stirs at least 1h and is made.
Wherein, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution is by accounting for the 0.2% of the composite fibre gross mass of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre
~2% polyvinyl alcohol mixed with 1.8~18% water of the composite fibre gross mass for accounting for natural fiber and polypropylene fibre and
At.
Wherein, the urea liquid is by accounting for the composite fibre gross mass 0.2%~5% of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre
Urea and 0.8%~20% water of the composite fibre gross mass for accounting for natural fiber and polypropylene fibre mix.
Wherein, the natural fiber is hemp, jute, flax, ramie, mestha, cotton, bombax cotton, sisal fiber
One or more of mixtures.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it is naturally fine to provide a kind of low VOC being prepared by above-mentioned preparation method
Tie up composite material.
The present invention is multiple to reduce natural fiber by adding VOC agent for capturing in natural-fiber composite material preparation process
The burst size of condensation material VOC, while the mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material is substantially improved.
Compared with prior art, the preparation method of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials of the invention, by natural fiber
VOC agent for capturing is added in composite material preparation process, method is easy to operate, and Expenses Cost is low, clean environment firendly, can not only have
Effect reduces the VOC burst sizes of natural-fiber composite material, and the mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material can also be substantially improved；One side
Using urea liquid and poly-vinyl alcohol solution as VOC agent for capturing, the VOC to reduce natural-fiber composite material is released the face present invention
High-volume；On the other hand it is because in polyvinyl alcohol molecule that the VOC burst sizes of the natural-fiber composite material of the present invention, which can reduce,
Containing hydrophobic strand and hydrophilic hydroxyl, hydrophobic polypropylene surface can be spontaneously adsorbed onto from aqueous phase solution,
Hydrophilic hydroxy group can form preferable combination with hydrophilic natural fiber, to increase natural fiber and PP composite material
The bonding at interface increases the thermal stability and mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material, reduces the burst size of VOC；Separately
Outside, hydrolysis of urea can generate ammonia and be dissolved in water so that portion of cellulose I is converted to cellulose Ⅲ, makes cellulose molecular chain piece
In hydrogen bond fracture, improve the interface cohesion situation between natural fiber and polypropylene, promote the heat of natural-fiber composite material
Stability and mechanical property, to reduce the burst size of VOC.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment, to this
Invention is further described.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.This
Outside, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, so as not to unnecessarily obscure the concept of the present invention.
It should be noted that shredding refers to garnetting, beats and clean.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, and the method includes following techniques
Step：
Step S1, in the composite fibre of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre that VOC agent for capturing is sprayed at after shredding.
In this step, the natural fiber of predetermined ratio and polypropylene fibre are mixed first, form natural fiber and poly- third
The composite fibre of the natural fiber and polypropylene fibre is carried out shredding processing, then in shredding by the composite fibre of alkene fiber
VOC agent for capturing is sprayed in the composite fibre of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre afterwards.
In the present invention, the natural fiber that uses can be hemp, jute, flax, ramie, mestha, cotton, bombax cotton,
One or more of mixtures of sisal fiber.The VOC agent for capturing of use can be following one or more：Polyvinyl alcohol is molten
Liquid and urea liquid etc..Poly-vinyl alcohol solution is at a temperature of 90 DEG C~95 DEG C, by polyvinyl alcohol and water with 400~600r/min
It stirs made from least 1h, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution is by accounting for the composite fibre gross mass of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre
0.2%~2% polyvinyl alcohol and 1.8~18% water of the composite fibre gross mass for accounting for natural fiber and polypropylene fibre are mixed
It closes.Aforementioned urea solution by account for natural fiber and polypropylene fibre composite fibre gross mass 0.2%~5% urea with
0.8%~20% water for accounting for the composite fibre gross mass of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre mixes
Step S2, by the composite fibre of the natural fiber and polypropylene fibre after sprinkling by combing, needling process
Fibrofelt is made.
In this step, the composite fibre of the natural fiber and polypropylene fibre after previous step is sprayed is by comb
Reason, needling process, are made fibrofelt.
Step S3, by the fibrofelt by heat pressing process the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials are made.
In this step, fibrofelt prepared by previous step carries out heat pressing process processing, and it is multiple to obtain the low VOC natural fibers
Condensation material.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, natural fiber is with polypropylene fibre mass ratio：Natural fiber percentage is low
The 40~60% of VOC natural-fiber composite material gross masses, polypropylene fibre are low VOC natural-fiber composite materials gross mass
60~40%.In a preferred embodiment, the mass percent of natural fiber is low VOC natural fibers composite fibre gross mass
45~55%.In a specific embodiment, the mass percent of natural fiber is the low total matter of VOC natural fibers composite fibre
The 50% of amount.But the present invention is not limited thereto, can also be other components ratio.
Here, for natural-fiber composite material, the excessive very few power that can all influence composite material obtained of natural fiber
Learn performance.Specifically, if natural fiber is very few so that reinforcement content is also reduced, and natural fiber obtained can be caused compound
The mechanical property of material is too low；If natural fiber is excessive, it can cause resin matrix (i.e. polypropylene fibre) can not be to natural fine
Dimension forms good cladding, to make the mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material obtained reduce.
First, by adding VOC agent for capturing in natural-fiber composite material preparation process, natural fibre can not only be reduced
The VOC burst sizes for tieing up composite material, can also be substantially improved the mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material；
Secondly, on the one hand the present invention is using urea liquid and poly-vinyl alcohol solution as VOC agent for capturing, to reduce natural fibre
Tie up the VOC burst sizes of composite material；On the other hand the present invention natural-fiber composite material VOC burst sizes can reduce be because
To contain hydrophobic strand and hydrophilic hydroxyl in polyvinyl alcohol molecule, can be spontaneously adsorbed onto from aqueous phase solution thin
Aqueous polyacrylamide surface, hydrophilic hydroxy group can form preferable combination with hydrophilic natural fiber, to increase natural fiber
With the bonding at PP composite material interface, the thermal stability and mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material are increased, is reduced
The burst size of VOC；In addition, hydrolysis of urea can generate ammonia and be dissolved in water so that portion of cellulose I is converted to cellulose Ⅲ,
So that the hydrogen bond in cellulose molecular chain piece is broken, improve the interface cohesion situation between natural fiber and polypropylene, is promoted natural
The thermal stability and mechanical property of fibrous composite, to reduce the burst size of VOC.
The preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials of the present invention is described below.The implementation
Example is only to realize the preferable or preferred embodiment of the object of the invention, but be not construed as limiting the invention.
【First embodiment】
It takes the untreated natural fibers of 50g to be passed through with 50g polypropylene fibres, fiber is made in shredding, combing, needling process
Then felt is prepared into composite material through heat pressing process.
【Second embodiment】
It takes 1g polyvinyl alcohol to be put into mechanical agitator with 9ml water, 1h is stirred with 400r/min at a temperature of 90 DEG C.
50g natural fibers and 50g polypropylene fibres are taken, it is by two kinds of fiber mixing shreddings, the polyvinyl alcohol configured is molten
Liquid is sprayed in the composite fibre after shredding, and fibrofelt is made through combing, needle thorn, is then prepared into composite wood through heat pressing process
Material.
【Third embodiment】
It takes 2g polyvinyl alcohol to be put into mechanical agitator with 18ml water, 1h is stirred with 400r/min at a temperature of 90 DEG C.
50g natural fibers and 50g polypropylene fibres are taken, it is by two kinds of fiber mixing shreddings, the polyvinyl alcohol configured is molten
Liquid is sprayed in the composite fibre after shredding, and fibrofelt is made through combing, needle thorn, is then prepared into composite wood through heat pressing process
Material.
【4th embodiment】
50g natural fibers and 50g polypropylene fibres are taken, then two kinds of fiber mixing shreddings match 4g urea and 16g water
Urea liquid is made, the urea liquid configured is sprayed in the composite fibre after shredding, through combing, fibre is made in needling process
Felt is tieed up, is then prepared into composite material through heat pressing process.
It should be noted that：The present invention passes through thermogravimetric mass spectrometry system detectio VOC burst sizes.Same kind of gas at
Point, the size of the peak area under unit mass is corresponding with the cumulative release amount of the gas, the bigger table of ion stream intensity peak area
The bright substance release amount is more, and the VOC burst sizes of aforementioned four embodiment are compared referring to table 1；Meanwhile aforementioned four embodiment
The test result of mechanical property comparison is referring to table 2.
The VOC burst sizes of 1 each embodiment of table compare
The mechanical property of 2 each embodiment of table compares
| Test event | Bending strength (MPa) | Bending modulus (MPa) | Shear strength (MPa) |
| Embodiment 1 | 40.43 | 2884.90 | 4.49 |
| Embodiment 2 | 63.22 | 5316.21 | 6.15 |
| Embodiment 3 | 63.31 | 5009.51 | 6.05 |
| Embodiment 4 | 67.04 | 5207.38 | 6.57 |
From table 1 and table 2 as can be seen that after adding VOC agent for capturing, the burst size of composite material TVOC is compared to being not added with
There is different degrees of reduction in the burst size of the composite material TVOC of VOC agent for capturing, illustrates after adding VOC agent for capturing, to drop
The VOC burst sizes of low composite material have more significant effect, while the mechanical property of composite material TVOC also has significantly
It is promoted.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it is natural to additionally provide a kind of low VOC being prepared using above-mentioned preparation method
Fibrous composite.
According to another aspect of the invention, the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials that the above method is prepared are additionally provided
Application in preparing automotive upholstery.
As described above, the present invention by natural-fiber composite material preparation process add VOC agent for capturing, to reduce day
The burst size of right fibrous composite VOC, while the mechanical property of natural-fiber composite material is substantially improved.And the system of the present invention
Preparation Method also has the advantages that simple for process, of low cost and clean environment firendly a variety of.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned specific implementation mode of the present invention is used only for exemplary illustration or explains the present invention's
Principle, but not to limit the present invention.Therefore, that is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention is any
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.In addition, appended claims purport of the present invention
Covering the whole variations fallen into attached claim scope and boundary or this range and the equivalent form on boundary and is repairing
Change example.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the method includes：
Step S1, in the composite fibre of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre that VOC agent for capturing is sprayed at after shredding；Wherein, institute
It includes poly-vinyl alcohol solution to state VOC agent for capturing, and the poly-vinyl alcohol solution is fine by the mixing for accounting for natural fiber and polypropylene fibre
Tie up 0.2%~2% polyvinyl alcohol and the 1.8% of the composite fibre gross mass for accounting for natural fiber and polypropylene fibre of gross mass
~18% water mixes；
The composite fibre of the natural fiber and polypropylene fibre after sprinkling is made step S2 by combing, needling process
Fibrofelt；And
Step S3, by the fibrofelt by heat pressing process the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials are made.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the VOC agent for capturing further includes urea liquid.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the natural fibre
Dimension is the 40~60% of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials gross mass, and the polypropylene fibre is low VOC natural fibers composite wood
Expect the 60~40% of gross mass.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the natural fibre
The mass percent of dimension is the 45~55% of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials gross mass.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials, the natural fibre
The mass percent of dimension is the 50% of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials gross mass.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the poly-vinyl alcohol solution will be gathered at a temperature of 90 DEG C~95 DEG C
Vinyl alcohol stirs at least 1h with 400~600r/min with water and is made.
7. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein, the urea liquid is by accounting for the mixing of natural fiber and polypropylene fibre
The urea of total fiber mass 0.2%~5% and account for natural fiber and polypropylene fibre composite fibre gross mass 0.8%~
20% water mixes.
8. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the natural fiber is hemp, jute, flax, ramie, mestha,
Cotton, bombax cotton, one or more of mixtures of sisal fiber.
9. a kind of low VOC natural-fiber composite materials being prepared by any of the above-described preparation method.
10. the low VOC natural-fiber composite materials that any one of claim 1-6 methods are prepared are in preparing automotive upholstery
Application.
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| CN108486766A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-09-04 | 福州竹纤材料科技有限公司 | A kind of low VOC natural fibers enhancing composite material and preparation method |
| WO2019169614A1 (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2019-09-12 | Autoneum Management Ag | Thermoformed automotive product with reduced voc |
| CN109279843B (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 曙光装配式建筑科技（浙江）有限公司 | Environment-friendly recycled concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109880233A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-14 | 苏州宏裕千智能设备科技有限公司 | A kind of automobile-used PP composite material and preparation method thereof suitable for low pressure injection formaing |
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| CN203580707U (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-05-07 | 丰田纺织株式会社 | Vehicle seat |
| CN104693605A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-10 | 博富科技股份有限公司 | Polypropylene composite material for automobile interior parts and preparing method thereof |
| CN104761810A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-08 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Low VOC hemp fiber composite material preparation method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203580707U (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-05-07 | 丰田纺织株式会社 | Vehicle seat |
| CN104761810A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-08 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Low VOC hemp fiber composite material preparation method |
| CN104693605A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-10 | 博富科技股份有限公司 | Polypropylene composite material for automobile interior parts and preparing method thereof |
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