CN105218283A - Gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type, the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component: primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer, reductive agent, water, additive, emulsifying agent, sensitizing agent, thickening material, density adjuster, crystalline form properties-correcting agent, water-resisting agent, stablizer; The present invention have also been devised the preparation method of the gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type, it is simple novel that this emulsion explosive has formula, raw material sources are extensive, manufacturing process is simple, with low cost, high explosion velocity, shelf-stable, the technical indicator of the gluey emulsion explosive of obtained high explosion velocity type: explosion velocity (m/s): 4700-5000m/s, brisance: 17-19mm, explosive density: 1.0-1.2g/cm
3, shelf stable for periods>=10 month, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity are all≤8%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type and preparation method thereof, belong to explosive manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Emulsion explosive is the comparatively rapid and moisture industrial explosive of a widely used class ammonium nitrate class of developed recently, it is for disperse phase with supersaturation inorganic oxidizer aqueous solution, the hydrocarbon polymer oils immiscible with water is external phase, by emulsifying technology, aqueous oxidizing agent solution is evenly scattered in fuel tank continuum thick and fast with the form of fine droplet, form water-in-oil-type (W/O) gluey emulsion, emulsion explosive has excellent blast performance and water repelling property, receive widespread attention in industrial explosive circle and in succession carry out large quantifier elimination, emulsion explosive is rapidly developed and is widely used in engineering explosion, nontoxic pollution-free in the production of emulsion explosive, and in transport, storage, in use procedure, security is better, simultaneously due to feature that it is fluidised form, at the scene in construction, filling, pumping is convenient, what become China's civil explosive material industry gives priority to product.
Through years of researches and development, emulsion explosives technology obtains significant progress, no matter be formula, performance, test aspect, or in production technique, equipment and automatic control aspect etc. all achieve significant achievement, but along with the development in epoch, the continuous expansion of industrial scale and Application Areas, the production of emulsion explosive and use still have many difficulties to be solved and emerging specific demand, the explosive issue of such as emulsion explosive, the current Lithium Oxides By Detonation With Emulsion Explosive performance used in engineering is inadequate, explosion velocity is slow, the requirement of explosion in short period of time moment can not be reached, research and develop the higher emulsion explosive of a kind of explosion velocity and become those skilled in the art's technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for the shortcoming that above prior art exists, proposes gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type and preparation method thereof, it is simple novel that this emulsion explosive has formula, and raw material sources are extensive, and manufacturing process is simple, with low cost, high explosion velocity, shelf-stable.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above technical problem is:
The gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type, the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 50-60 part, secondary oxidizer: 8-11 part, reductive agent: 5-9 part, water: 10-18 part, additive: 0.5-1.5 part, emulsifying agent: 4-6 part, sensitizing agent: 7-9 part, thickening material: 0.5-0.8 part, density adjuster: 0.5-1 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 1-2 part, water-resisting agent: 1-3 part, stablizer: 0.1-0.5 part;
Primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 35-45%, manganous nitrate: 25-35%, zinc nitrate: 15-18%, nitrocalcite: 10-15%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: paraffin 1-2 part, Vaseline: 1.5-2.0 part, machine oil: 0.5-0.8 part, stearic acid: 1-3 part, diesel oil: 1-1.2 part;
Secondary oxidizer is ammonium nitrate; Additive is ammoniumper chlorate; Emulsifying agent is for containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside; Sensitizing agent is Sodium Nitrite; Thickening material is the one in diatomite, sodium bentonite, urethane, polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide; Density adjuster is pearlstone; Crystalline form properties-correcting agent is sodium laurylsulfonate; Water-resisting agent is stearic acid; Stablizer is the one in urea, nitric acid and sodium-chlor;
The technical scheme that the present invention limits further is:
In the gluey emulsion explosive of aforementioned high explosion velocity type, emulsifying agent, containing the preparation of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) in the four-hole bottle of 500ml, add the cyanuric chloride of 0.2mol, in four-hole bottle, add toluene to cyanuric chloride is dissolved to transparent, ice bath holding temperature is at 1-3 DEG C, the toluene solution under agitation slowly dripping the aliphatic amide of 0.12mol reacts, after reaction result, reaction solution is moved to separating funnel, stratification, organic layer uses hydrochloric acid respectively, sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium-chloride water solution wash successively, then drying is carried out by anhydrous sodium sulphate, white solid is separated out in concentrated cooling, finally obtain intermediate 2-fat amido-4 with normal heptane recrystallization, 6-bis-chloro-1, 3, 5-s-triazine,
(2) there-necked flask put into by poly glycol monomethyl ether and the toluene of getting 0.03mol, under the protection of nitrogen, be heated to 100-110 DEG C, adds enough sodium Metal 99.5 reaction 10-12h, until solution becomes Vandyke brown, be sodium alkoxide solution storage for subsequent use after toluene band water;
Get the intermediate 2-fat amido-4 of preparation in step (1); 6-bis-chloro-1; 3; 5-s-triazine 0.015mol, joins in the alcohol sodium solution prepared, under nitrogen protection; be warming up to 40-50 DEG C to react; suction filtration after reaction bonded, the filtrate of gained is revolved and is steamed removing toluene, and under room temperature, namely seasoning obtains emulsifying agent containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside.
In the gluey emulsion explosive of aforementioned high explosion velocity type, emulsifying agent is as follows containing the performance of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: micelle-forming concentration is 0.162-0.171g/L, surface tension under micelle-forming concentration is 31.5-31.9mN/m, and cloud point is 65-72 DEG C, and emulsifying power is 18.5-20.5min.
In the gluey emulsion explosive of aforementioned high explosion velocity type, the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 50 parts, secondary oxidizer: 11 parts, reductive agent: 9 parts, water: 15 parts, additive: 0.5 part, emulsifying agent: 6 parts, sensitizing agent: 8 parts, thickening material: 0.6 part, density adjuster: 0.8 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 1.5 parts, water-resisting agent: 1 part, stablizer: 0.3 part, wherein:
Primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 35%, manganous nitrate: 35%, zinc nitrate: 15%, nitrocalcite: 15%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 2 parts, paraffin, Vaseline: 2.0 parts, machine oil: 0.8 part, stearic acid: 3 parts, diesel oil: 1.2 parts.
In the gluey emulsion explosive of aforementioned high explosion velocity type, the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 60 parts, secondary oxidizer: 8 parts, reductive agent: 5 parts, water: 10 parts, additive: 1.5 parts, emulsifying agent: 4 parts, sensitizing agent: 7 parts, thickening material: 0.8 part, density adjuster: 0.5 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 2 parts, water-resisting agent: 3 parts, stablizer: 0.5 part, wherein:
Primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 45%, manganous nitrate: 25%, zinc nitrate: 18%, nitrocalcite: 12%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 1 part, paraffin, Vaseline: 1.5 parts, machine oil: 0.5 part, stearic acid: 1 part, diesel oil: 1 part.
In the gluey emulsion explosive of aforementioned high explosion velocity type, the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 55 parts, secondary oxidizer: 9 parts, reductive agent: 7 parts, water: 18 parts, additive: 0.9 part, emulsifying agent: 5 parts, sensitizing agent: 9 parts, thickening material: 0.5 part, density adjuster: 1 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 1 part, water-resisting agent: 2 parts, stablizer: 0.1 part, wherein:
Primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 42%, manganous nitrate: 31%, zinc nitrate: 17%, nitrocalcite: 10%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 1 part, paraffin, Vaseline: 1.5 parts, machine oil: 0.5 part, stearic acid: 3 parts, diesel oil: 1 part.
The present invention have also been devised the preparation method of the gluey emulsion explosive of a kind of high explosion velocity type, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer and water is accurately taken with balance, put into the aqueous phase dissolved tank with interlayer and whipping appts, Heating temperature is 80-90 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 100-200r/min, make primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer all dissolves, ie in solution is clear shape, leaves standstill 10-20min at 80-85 DEG C of constant temperature, and also device filtration is stand-by after filtration for obtained aqueous phase solution;
(2) reductive agent and emulsifying agent is accurately taken with balance, put into another oil phase melting pot with interlayer and whipping appts, be heated to 85-100 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 150-200r/min, and insulation 8-11min obtains oil phase liquid and device filters stand-by after filtration;
(3) whipping appts in aqueous phase dissolved tank is regulated, control stirring velocity is 150-180r/min, then slow for the oil phase liquid prepared in step (2) mode at the uniform velocity being joined is shaped with in the aqueous phase dissolved tank of aqueous phase solution, the stirring velocity adding rear adjustment whipping appts is 300-380r/min, stir 10-13min, obtain emulsion matrix;
(4) emulsion matrix obtained in step (3) is cooled to 45-55 DEG C, just emulsion matrix is delivered in sensitizing machine, then sensitizing agent is added sensitization in sensitizing machine, sensitizing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, sensitization 30-60s, add additive, thickening material, density adjuster, crystalline form properties-correcting agent, water-resisting agent and stablizer in sensitizing, and be uniformly mixed and be cooled to room temperature discharging;
(5) the discharging charge machine in step (4) is dressed up powder stick, bar nest mouth of sealing with wax is stained with at powder stick two, obtains the gluey emulsion explosive finished product of high explosion velocity type.
The technical scheme that the present invention limits further is:
In the gluey emulsion explosive of aforementioned high explosion velocity type, the technical indicator of the gluey emulsion explosive of obtained high explosion velocity type: explosion velocity (m/s): 4700-5000m/s, brisance: 17-19mm, explosive density: 1.0-1.2g/cm
3, shelf stable for periods>=10 month, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity are all≤8%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Emulsifying agent plays an important role in the formation and stability of milk sap, emulsion process can be thought form steady and continuous phase film around drop, the effect of emulsifying agent is the surperficial Gibbs free energy expanding drop, improve the storage stability that oil phase content is conducive to improving emulsifying base, but the content of water does not have a significant effect to the storage stability of emulsifying base to a certain extent, along with the raising of concentration of metal ions, its storage stability obviously declines, the kind of emulsifying agent, quality and concentration are to the quality of emulsification system, granular size and blast performance etc. have significant impact, the emulsifying agent used in the present invention is close with reductive agent structure containing the backbone structure of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside, or it is similar, increase both avidities, the interface film strength that they are formed and tightness degree must increase, stability of emulsion strengthens, the stability of emulsifying agent directly affects the stability of emulsion explosive, enhance the stability of emulsion explosive of the present invention, ensure that security, it is vital for the stability of explosive and the release rate of energy that the interfacial film of emulsion explosive forms critical condition.
Density adjuster is added in the present invention, density adjuster controls explosive density, improve the key ingredient of its detonation sensitivity, the hot spot-effect of the present invention's application sensitization bubble improves emulsion explosive detonation susceptibility, namely in process of dynamite substrate, density adjuster is added, it is made to produce a large amount of micro-bubbles in explosive inside, to regulate with sensitization bubble to play or to control the object of explosive density, the present invention produces sensitization bubble by adding density adjuster, this method is reliable, simple, economical, density domination is comparatively accurate
Reductive agent of the present invention is by paraffin, Vaseline, machine oil, stearic acid and diesel oil composition, the stable chemical performance of paraffin is solid-state under normal temperature, there is higher toughness and less water vapour permeability, after high temperature melting, viscosity is lower, has good viscosity adjustment effect to reductive agent, and the oil film of formation closely has good toughness and water resisting property; Machine oil calorific value is high, good with paraffin phase capacitive, also has good viscosity adjustment effect to reductive agent.
The crystalline form properties-correcting agent added in the present invention is sodium laurylsulfonate, sodium laurylsulfonate can form mixed micellazation in the solution with emulsifying agent, the hydrophobic interaction of the C-H bond of two kinds of surface active agent ions more easily forms micelle, and at Adsorption at surface of solution, reduce surface tension, break the dissolving crystallized of supersaturation nitrate to balance each other, balance has been moved to dissolving direction, its crystallization point is reduced.
With the addition of ammoniumper chlorate in the present invention, ammoniumper chlorate can increase the quick-fried heat of emulsion explosive, quick-fried temperature and explosion velocity, reduces its quick-fried appearance, makes the explosive parameters of the emulsion explosive prepared reach good value, improves the blast performance of explosive.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of high explosion velocity type gluey emulsion explosive, and the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 50 parts, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate: 11 parts, reductive agent: 9 parts, water: 15 parts, additive ammoniumper chlorate: 0.5 part, emulsifying agent is containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: 6 parts, sensitizing agent Sodium Nitrite: 8 parts, thickening material sodium bentonite: 0.6 part, density adjuster pearlstone: 0.8 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent sodium laurylsulfonate: 1.5 parts, water-resisting agent stearic acid: 1 part, stablizer urea: 0.3 part, wherein:
Primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 35%, manganous nitrate: 35%, zinc nitrate: 15%, nitrocalcite: 15%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 2 parts, paraffin, Vaseline: 2.0 parts, machine oil: 0.8 part, stearic acid: 3 parts, diesel oil: 1.2 parts.
Emulsifying agent, containing the preparation of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) in the four-hole bottle of 500ml, add the cyanuric chloride of 0.2mol, in four-hole bottle, add toluene to cyanuric chloride is dissolved to transparent, ice bath holding temperature is at 1 DEG C, the toluene solution under agitation slowly dripping the aliphatic amide of 0.12mol reacts, after reaction result, reaction solution is moved to separating funnel, stratification, organic layer uses hydrochloric acid respectively, sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium-chloride water solution wash successively, then drying is carried out by anhydrous sodium sulphate, white solid is separated out in concentrated cooling, finally obtain intermediate 2-fat amido-4 with normal heptane recrystallization, 6-bis-chloro-1, 3, 5-s-triazine,
(2) there-necked flask put into by poly glycol monomethyl ether and the toluene of getting 0.03mol, is heated to 110 DEG C under the protection of nitrogen, adds enough sodium Metal 99.5 reaction 10h, until solution becomes Vandyke brown, be sodium alkoxide solution storage for subsequent use after toluene band water;
Get the intermediate 2-fat amido-4 of preparation in step (1), 6-bis-chloro-1,3,5-s-triazine 0.015mol, joins in the alcohol sodium solution prepared, under nitrogen protection, be warming up to 40 DEG C to react, suction filtration after reaction bonded, the filtrate of gained is revolved and is steamed removing toluene, and under room temperature, namely seasoning obtains emulsifying agent containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside;
Emulsifying agent is as follows containing the performance of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: micelle-forming concentration is 0.171g/L, and the surface tension under micelle-forming concentration is 31.5mN/m, and cloud point is 65 DEG C, and emulsifying power is 18.5min.
The preparation method of the gluey emulsion explosive of above-mentioned high explosion velocity type, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate and water is accurately taken with balance, put into the aqueous phase dissolved tank with interlayer and whipping appts, Heating temperature is 80 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 150r/min, make primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate all dissolves, ie in solution is clear shape, leaves standstill 10min at 85 DEG C of constant temperature, and also device filtration is stand-by after filtration for obtained aqueous phase solution;
(2) reductive agent and emulsifying agent is accurately taken containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside with balance, put into another oil phase melting pot with interlayer and whipping appts, be heated to 100 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 180r/min, and insulation 8min obtains oil phase liquid and device filters stand-by after filtration;
(3) whipping appts in aqueous phase dissolved tank is regulated, control stirring velocity is 150r/min, then slow for the oil phase liquid prepared in step (2) mode at the uniform velocity being joined is shaped with in the aqueous phase dissolved tank of aqueous phase solution, the stirring velocity adding rear adjustment whipping appts is 350r/min, stir 13min, obtain emulsion matrix;
(4) emulsion matrix obtained in step (3) is cooled to 45 DEG C, just emulsion matrix is delivered in sensitizing machine, then sensitizing agent Sodium Nitrite is added sensitization in sensitizing machine, sensitizing temperature is 75 DEG C, sensitization 45s, add additive ammoniumper chlorate, thickening material sodium bentonite, density adjuster pearlstone, crystalline form properties-correcting agent sodium laurylsulfonate, water-resisting agent stearic acid and stablizer urea in sensitizing, and be uniformly mixed and be cooled to room temperature discharging;
(5) the discharging charge machine in step (4) is dressed up powder stick, bar nest mouth of sealing with wax is stained with at powder stick two, obtains the gluey emulsion explosive finished product of high explosion velocity type;
The technical indicator of the gluey emulsion explosive of obtained high explosion velocity type: explosion velocity (m/s): 4700m/s, brisance: 18mm, explosive density: 1.0g/cm
3, shelf stable for periods>=10 month, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity are all≤8%.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of high explosion velocity type gluey emulsion explosive, and the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 60 parts, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate: 8 parts, reductive agent: 5 parts, water: 10 parts, additive ammoniumper chlorate: 1.5 parts, emulsifying agent is containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: 4 parts, sensitizing agent Sodium Nitrite: 7 parts, thickening material urethane: 0.8 part, density adjuster pearlstone: 0.5 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent sodium laurylsulfonate: 2 parts, water-resisting agent stearic acid: 3 parts, stablizer nitric acid: 0.5 part, wherein:
Primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 45%, manganous nitrate: 25%, zinc nitrate: 18%, nitrocalcite: 12%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 1 part, paraffin, Vaseline: 1.5 parts, machine oil: 0.5 part, stearic acid: 1 part, diesel oil: 1 part;
Emulsifying agent, containing the preparation of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) in the four-hole bottle of 500ml, add the cyanuric chloride of 0.2mol, in four-hole bottle, add toluene to cyanuric chloride is dissolved to transparent, ice bath holding temperature is at 2 DEG C, the toluene solution under agitation slowly dripping the aliphatic amide of 0.12mol reacts, after reaction result, reaction solution is moved to separating funnel, stratification, organic layer uses hydrochloric acid respectively, sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium-chloride water solution wash successively, then drying is carried out by anhydrous sodium sulphate, white solid is separated out in concentrated cooling, finally obtain intermediate 2-fat amido-4 with normal heptane recrystallization, 6-bis-chloro-1, 3, 5-s-triazine,
(2) there-necked flask put into by poly glycol monomethyl ether and the toluene of getting 0.03mol, is heated to 100 DEG C under the protection of nitrogen, adds enough sodium Metal 99.5 reaction 11h, until solution becomes Vandyke brown, be sodium alkoxide solution storage for subsequent use after toluene band water;
Get the intermediate 2-fat amido-4 of preparation in step (1), 6-bis-chloro-1,3,5-s-triazine 0.015mol, joins in the alcohol sodium solution prepared, under nitrogen protection, be warming up to 45 DEG C to react, suction filtration after reaction bonded, the filtrate of gained is revolved and is steamed removing toluene, and under room temperature, namely seasoning obtains emulsifying agent containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside;
Emulsifying agent is as follows containing the performance of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: micelle-forming concentration is 0.162g/L, and the surface tension under micelle-forming concentration is 31.9mN/m, and cloud point is 72 DEG C, and emulsifying power is 20.5min.
The preparation method of the gluey emulsion explosive of above-mentioned high explosion velocity type, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate and water is accurately taken with balance, put into the aqueous phase dissolved tank with interlayer and whipping appts, Heating temperature is 90 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 100r/min, make primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate all dissolves, ie in solution is clear shape, leaves standstill 20min at 80 DEG C of constant temperature, and also device filtration is stand-by after filtration for obtained aqueous phase solution;
(2) reductive agent and emulsifying agent is accurately taken containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside with balance, put into another oil phase melting pot with interlayer and whipping appts, be heated to 85 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 150r/min, and insulation 11min obtains oil phase liquid and device filters stand-by after filtration;
(3) whipping appts in aqueous phase dissolved tank is regulated, control stirring velocity is 180r/min, then slow for the oil phase liquid prepared in step (2) mode at the uniform velocity being joined is shaped with in the aqueous phase dissolved tank of aqueous phase solution, the stirring velocity adding rear adjustment whipping appts is 300r/min, stir 10min, obtain emulsion matrix;
(4) emulsion matrix obtained in step (3) is cooled to 55 DEG C, just emulsion matrix is delivered in sensitizing machine, then sensitizing agent Sodium Nitrite is added sensitization in sensitizing machine, sensitizing temperature is 70 DEG C, sensitization 30s, add additive ammoniumper chlorate, thickening material urethane, density adjuster pearlstone, crystalline form properties-correcting agent sodium laurylsulfonate, water-resisting agent stearic acid and stablizer nitric acid in sensitizing, and be uniformly mixed and be cooled to room temperature discharging;
(5) the discharging charge machine in step (4) is dressed up powder stick, bar nest mouth of sealing with wax is stained with at powder stick two, obtains the gluey emulsion explosive finished product of high explosion velocity type;
The technical indicator of the gluey emulsion explosive of obtained high explosion velocity type: explosion velocity (m/s): 5000m/s, brisance: 17mm, explosive density: 1.1g/cm
3, shelf stable for periods>=10 month, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity are all≤8%.
embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of high explosion velocity type gluey emulsion explosive, and the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 55 parts, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate: 9 parts, reductive agent: 7 parts, water: 18 parts, additive ammoniumper chlorate: 0.9 part, emulsifying agent is containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: 5 parts, sensitizing agent Sodium Nitrite: 9 parts, thickening material diatomite: 0.5 part, density adjuster pearlstone: 1 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent sodium laurylsulfonate: 1 part, water-resisting agent stearic acid: 2 parts, stablizer sodium-chlor: 0.1 part, wherein:
Primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 42%, manganous nitrate: 31%, zinc nitrate: 17%, nitrocalcite: 10%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 1 part, paraffin, Vaseline: 1.5 parts, machine oil: 0.5 part, stearic acid: 3 parts, diesel oil: 1 part;
Emulsifying agent, containing the preparation of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) in the four-hole bottle of 500ml, add the cyanuric chloride of 0.2mol, in four-hole bottle, add toluene to cyanuric chloride is dissolved to transparent, ice bath holding temperature is at 3 DEG C, the toluene solution under agitation slowly dripping the aliphatic amide of 0.12mol reacts, after reaction result, reaction solution is moved to separating funnel, stratification, organic layer uses hydrochloric acid respectively, sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium-chloride water solution wash successively, then drying is carried out by anhydrous sodium sulphate, white solid is separated out in concentrated cooling, finally obtain intermediate 2-fat amido-4 with normal heptane recrystallization, 6-bis-chloro-1, 3, 5-s-triazine,
(2) there-necked flask put into by poly glycol monomethyl ether and the toluene of getting 0.03mol, is heated to 105 DEG C under the protection of nitrogen, adds enough sodium Metal 99.5 reaction 12h, until solution becomes Vandyke brown, be sodium alkoxide solution storage for subsequent use after toluene band water;
Get the intermediate 2-fat amido-4 of preparation in step (1), 6-bis-chloro-1,3,5-s-triazine 0.015mol, joins in the alcohol sodium solution prepared, under nitrogen protection, be warming up to 50 DEG C to react, suction filtration after reaction bonded, the filtrate of gained is revolved and is steamed removing toluene, and under room temperature, namely seasoning obtains emulsifying agent containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside;
Emulsifying agent is as follows containing the performance of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: micelle-forming concentration is 0.169g/L, and the surface tension under micelle-forming concentration is 31.7mN/m, and cloud point is 68 DEG C, and emulsifying power is 19.5min.
The preparation method of the gluey emulsion explosive of above-mentioned high explosion velocity type, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate ammonium nitrate and water is accurately taken with balance, put into the aqueous phase dissolved tank with interlayer and whipping appts, Heating temperature is 85 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 100r/min, make primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer ammonium nitrate all dissolves, ie in solution is clear shape, leaves standstill 15min at 82 DEG C of constant temperature, and also device filtration is stand-by after filtration for obtained aqueous phase solution;
(2) reductive agent and emulsifying agent is accurately taken containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside with balance, put into another oil phase melting pot with interlayer and whipping appts, be heated to 91 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 200r/min, and insulation 9min obtains oil phase liquid and device filters stand-by after filtration;
(3) whipping appts in aqueous phase dissolved tank is regulated, control stirring velocity is 165r/min, then slow for the oil phase liquid prepared in step (2) mode at the uniform velocity being joined is shaped with in the aqueous phase dissolved tank of aqueous phase solution, the stirring velocity adding rear adjustment whipping appts is 380r/min, stir 11min, obtain emulsion matrix;
(4) emulsion matrix obtained in step (3) is cooled to 50 DEG C, just emulsion matrix is delivered in sensitizing machine, then sensitizing agent Sodium Nitrite is added sensitization in sensitizing machine, sensitizing temperature is 80 DEG C, sensitization 60s, add additive ammoniumper chlorate, thickening material diatomite, density adjuster pearlstone, crystalline form properties-correcting agent sodium laurylsulfonate, water-resisting agent stearic acid and stablizer sodium-chlor in sensitizing, and be uniformly mixed and be cooled to room temperature discharging;
(5) the discharging charge machine in step (4) is dressed up powder stick, bar nest mouth of sealing with wax is stained with at powder stick two, obtains the gluey emulsion explosive finished product of high explosion velocity type;
The technical indicator of the gluey emulsion explosive of obtained high explosion velocity type: explosion velocity (m/s): 4900m/s, brisance: 19mm, explosive density: 1.2g/cm
3, shelf stable for periods>=10 month, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity are all≤8%.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (8)
1. the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type, is characterized in that: the gluey emulsion explosive of described high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 50-60 part, secondary oxidizer: 8-11 part, reductive agent: 5-9 part, water: 10-18 part, additive: 0.5-1.5 part, emulsifying agent: 4-6 part, sensitizing agent: 7-9 part, thickening material: 0.5-0.8 part, density adjuster: 0.5-1 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 1-2 part, water-resisting agent: 1-3 part, stablizer: 0.1-0.5 part;
Described primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 35-45%, manganous nitrate: 25-35%, zinc nitrate: 15-18%, nitrocalcite: 10-15%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Described reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: paraffin 1-2 part, Vaseline: 1.5-2.0 part, machine oil: 0.5-0.8 part, stearic acid: 1-3 part, diesel oil: 1-1.2 part;
Described secondary oxidizer is ammonium nitrate; Described additive is ammoniumper chlorate; Described emulsifying agent is for containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside; Described sensitizing agent is Sodium Nitrite; Described thickening material is the one in diatomite, sodium bentonite, urethane, polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide; Described density adjuster is pearlstone; Described crystalline form properties-correcting agent is sodium laurylsulfonate; Described water-resisting agent is stearic acid; Described stablizer is the one in urea, nitric acid and sodium-chlor.
2. the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described emulsifying agent, containing the preparation of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) in the four-hole bottle of 500ml, add the cyanuric chloride of 0.2mol, in four-hole bottle, add toluene to cyanuric chloride is dissolved to transparent, ice bath holding temperature is at 1-3 DEG C, the toluene solution under agitation slowly dripping the aliphatic amide of 0.12mol reacts, after reaction result, reaction solution is moved to separating funnel, stratification, organic layer uses hydrochloric acid respectively, sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium-chloride water solution wash successively, then drying is carried out by anhydrous sodium sulphate, white solid is separated out in concentrated cooling, finally obtain intermediate 2-fat amido-4 with normal heptane recrystallization, 6-bis-chloro-1, 3, 5-s-triazine,
(2) there-necked flask put into by poly glycol monomethyl ether and the toluene of getting 0.03mol, under the protection of nitrogen, be heated to 100-110 DEG C, adds enough sodium Metal 99.5 reaction 10-12h, until solution becomes Vandyke brown, be sodium alkoxide solution storage for subsequent use after toluene band water;
Get the intermediate 2-fat amido-4 of preparation in step (1); 6-bis-chloro-1; 3; 5-s-triazine 0.015mol, joins in the alcohol sodium solution prepared, under nitrogen protection; be warming up to 40-50 DEG C to react; suction filtration after reaction bonded, the filtrate of gained is revolved and is steamed removing toluene, and under room temperature, namely seasoning obtains emulsifying agent containing triazine ring nonionogenic tenside.
3. the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described emulsifying agent is as follows containing the performance of triazine ring nonionogenic tenside: micelle-forming concentration is 0.162-0.171g/L, surface tension under micelle-forming concentration is 31.5-31.9mN/m, cloud point is 65-72 DEG C, and emulsifying power is 18.5-20.5min.
4. the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gluey emulsion explosive of described high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 50 parts, secondary oxidizer: 11 parts, reductive agent: 9 parts, water: 15 parts, additive: 0.5 part, emulsifying agent: 6 parts, sensitizing agent: 8 parts, thickening material: 0.6 part, density adjuster: 0.8 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 1.5 parts, water-resisting agent: 1 part, stablizer: 0.3 part, wherein:
Described primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 35%, manganous nitrate: 35%, zinc nitrate: 15%, nitrocalcite: 15%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Described reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 2 parts, paraffin, Vaseline: 2.0 parts, machine oil: 0.8 part, stearic acid: 3 parts, diesel oil: 1.2 parts.
5. the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gluey emulsion explosive of described high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 60 parts, secondary oxidizer: 8 parts, reductive agent: 5 parts, water: 10 parts, additive: 1.5 parts, emulsifying agent: 4 parts, sensitizing agent: 7 parts, thickening material: 0.8 part, density adjuster: 0.5 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 2 parts, water-resisting agent: 3 parts, stablizer: 0.5 part, wherein:
Described primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 45%, manganous nitrate: 25%, zinc nitrate: 18%, nitrocalcite: 12%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Described reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 1 part, paraffin, Vaseline: 1.5 parts, machine oil: 0.5 part, stearic acid: 1 part, diesel oil: 1 part.
6. the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gluey emulsion explosive of described high explosion velocity type comprises following component according to the mass fraction:
Primary oxidant: 55 parts, secondary oxidizer: 9 parts, reductive agent: 7 parts, water: 18 parts, additive: 0.9 part, emulsifying agent: 5 parts, sensitizing agent: 9 parts, thickening material: 0.5 part, density adjuster: 1 part, crystalline form properties-correcting agent: 1 part, water-resisting agent: 2 parts, stablizer: 0.1 part, wherein:
Described primary oxidant comprises following component by weight percentage: iron nitrate: 42%, manganous nitrate: 31%, zinc nitrate: 17%, nitrocalcite: 10%, and above each component sum is 100%;
Described reductive agent comprises following component according to the mass fraction: 1 part, paraffin, Vaseline: 1.5 parts, machine oil: 0.5 part, stearic acid: 3 parts, diesel oil: 1 part.
7. the preparation method of the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of this emulsion explosive specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer and water is accurately taken with balance, put into the aqueous phase dissolved tank with interlayer and whipping appts, Heating temperature is 80-90 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 100-200r/min, make primary oxidant, secondary oxidizer all dissolves, ie in solution is clear shape, leaves standstill 10-20min at 80-85 DEG C of constant temperature, and also device filtration is stand-by after filtration for obtained aqueous phase solution;
(2) reductive agent and emulsifying agent is accurately taken with balance, put into another oil phase melting pot with interlayer and whipping appts, be heated to 85-100 DEG C, stirring velocity controls at 150-200r/min, and insulation 8-11min obtains oil phase liquid and device filters stand-by after filtration;
(3) whipping appts in aqueous phase dissolved tank is regulated, control stirring velocity is 150-180r/min, then slow for the oil phase liquid prepared in step (2) mode at the uniform velocity being joined is shaped with in the aqueous phase dissolved tank of aqueous phase solution, the stirring velocity adding rear adjustment whipping appts is 300-380r/min, stir 10-13min, obtain emulsion matrix;
(4) emulsion matrix obtained in step (3) is cooled to 45-55 DEG C, just emulsion matrix is delivered in sensitizing machine, then sensitizing agent is added sensitization in sensitizing machine, sensitizing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, sensitization 30-60s, add additive, thickening material, density adjuster, crystalline form properties-correcting agent, water-resisting agent and stablizer in sensitizing, and be uniformly mixed and be cooled to room temperature discharging;
(5) the discharging charge machine in step (4) is dressed up powder stick, bar nest mouth of sealing with wax is stained with at powder stick two, obtains the gluey emulsion explosive finished product of high explosion velocity type.
8. the preparation method of the gluey emulsion explosive of high explosion velocity type according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the technical indicator of the gluey emulsion explosive of obtained high explosion velocity type: explosion velocity (m/s): 4700-5000m/s, brisance: 17-19mm, explosive density: 1.0-1.2g/cm
3, shelf stable for periods>=10 month, impact sensitivity, friction sensitivity are all≤8%.
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