CN105215575A - A kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105215575A CN105215575A CN201510565665.1A CN201510565665A CN105215575A CN 105215575 A CN105215575 A CN 105215575A CN 201510565665 A CN201510565665 A CN 201510565665A CN 105215575 A CN105215575 A CN 105215575A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- potassium
- stainless steel
- aluminium
- aluminium alloy
- eutectic
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3603—Halide salts
- B23K35/3605—Fluorides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of welding brazing flux.A kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid, it is characterized in that it is formed by the powder mixed grinding of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper, shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 40% ~ 60%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 0 ~ 10%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 0 ~ 10%, aluminium (Al) 10% ~ 30%, zinc (Zn) 0% ~ 10%, tin (Sn) 0% ~ 10%, copper (Cu) 0 ~ 10%, percetage by weight sum shared by each raw material is 100%.The present invention is while the existing brazing flux good wet spreadability of maintenance, improve joint microstructure, decrease the formation of brittle intermetallic thing, melt-brazed joint mechanical property is improved, finally realize aluminium alloy, the high-quality of stainless steel dissimilar metal reliably connects; Also have that molten soldering processes are relatively simple, energy consumption and cost of material lower, the advantages such as after-welding brazing flux less residue, residue easy cleaning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding brazing flux, especially a kind of aluminium alloy and stainless steel melt soldering acid.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy/stainless steel composite construction have lightweight, intensity is high, the Comprehensive Characteristics such as corrosion-resistant, is therefore widely used in Aero-Space, the field such as automobile, shipbuilding.But aluminium alloy and stainless steel solid solubility is extremely low, thermophysical property difference is large, welding process easily generates brittle intermetallic thing, causes very large difficulty to the connection of the two.
In recent years, molten soldering becomes the popular research direction that aluminium alloy/stainless steel dissimilar material connects.The essence that aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering is that the aluminium of fusing and welding wire and solid-state steel are combined by interfacial reaction, and this welding process has both the dual characteristics of melting welding and soldering.
At present, aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering and mostly directly uses Nocolok brazing flux (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6).Following a few class is had: (1) adds more Al powder to the existing improvement of this brazing flux; (2) more Zn powder, Sn powder and potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate etc. is added; (3) some metal fluoride is added (as ZnF
2, SnF
4, CuF
2) etc.These addO-on therapy to removal metal oxide film surface, improve solder spreading wetting, improve the aspect such as interfacial activity there is booster action, but also also exist that aluminium/stainless steel melts soldering processes complexity, the component cost of raw material rises, energy consumption increases respectively, particularly the deficiency in brazing process in brittle intermetallic fabric texture and performance is melted in more difficult remarkable improvement.In addition, adopt the method at stainless steel surfaces plating Cu, Ag, Ni layer, though better can improve state and the distribution of brittle intermetallic thing in joint, the higher and complex process of its integrated cost, is difficult to promote in practical application in industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel to melt soldering acid, use this brazing flux, wetting and spreading is good, and joint tensile strength is high.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid, it is characterized in that it is formed by the powder mixed grinding of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper, shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 40% ~ 60%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 0 ~ 10%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 0 ~ 10%, aluminium (Al) 10% ~ 30%, zinc (Zn) 0% ~ 10%, tin (Sn) 0% ~ 10%, copper (Cu) 0 ~ 10%, percetage by weight sum shared by each raw material is 100%.During use, be modulated into liquid state with the mixed-powder that this prepares by absolute ethyl alcohol, even application is in surface of stainless steel to be welded.
Preferably, shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 40% ~ 60%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 2 ~ 10%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 2 ~ 10%, aluminium (Al) 10% ~ 30%, zinc (Zn) 2% ~ 10%, tin (Sn) 2% ~ 10%, copper (Cu) 2 ~ 10%, percetage by weight sum shared by each raw material is 100%.
Preferably, shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number the best is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 55%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 5%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 5%, aluminium (Al) 15%, zinc (Zn) 5%, tin (Sn) 7%, copper (Cu) 8%.
Wherein, the powder (KAlF of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper
4, K
3alF
6, K
2siF
6, KBF
4, Al, Zn, Sn, Cu state) be 200 ~ 500 object powder.
In described ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, shared by ptfe aluminum potassium and potassium hexafluoroaluminate, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium 72%, potassium hexafluoroaluminate 28%.
The present invention adds auxiliary brazing flux and relevant alloying elements powder by appropriate, both solder spreading wetting can be improved, promote that joint engages, the generation of welding point brittle intermetallic thing can be reduced again or reduce brittle intermetallic layer thickness, thus realizing welding aluminum alloy and be connected with stainless high-quality.
In brazing flux of the present invention, described ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic is the matrix of brazing flux, ensure that brazing flux cohesive and at the good screening characteristics of stainless steel surfaces, remove mother metal surface film oxide simultaneously, reduce interfacial tension, promote that solder wetting is sprawled; Described potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate can remove surface of the work oxide-film, promote wetting and spreading further; Described aluminium powder post liquefaction, plays the effect of solder, promotes aluminium alloy and stainless steel interface cohesion; Described copper can react with aluminium at a lower temperature, forms solid solution and intermetallic compound, thus blocks the continuous formation of aluminium and iron brittle intermetallic thing, effectively improves weld strength.Described zinc, tin form liquid-metal layer in molten brazing process, spread over stainless steel surfaces, suppress A1 atom in liquid underfill metal to the diffusion of steel side, to prevent brittlement phase Fe to a certain extent
2al
5undue growth, meanwhile, also can partial miscibility between copper, zinc, tin atom, improve composition surface intensity.
Compared with prior art, brazing flux of the present invention is by adding appropriate auxiliary brazing flux and relevant alloy powder, make it that favourable reciprocation occur, while the existing brazing flux good wet spreadability of maintenance, improve joint microstructure, decrease the formation of brittle intermetallic thing, melt-brazed joint mechanical property is improved, finally realize aluminium alloy, the high-quality of stainless steel dissimilar metal reliably connects, joint tensile strength is high.In addition, brazing flux of the present invention also has that molten soldering processes are relatively simple, energy consumption and cost of material lower, the advantages such as after-welding brazing flux less residue, residue easy cleaning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the welding schematic diagram using aluminium alloy/stainless steel of the present invention to melt soldering acid.
Label in Fig. 1: 1-TIG welds welding gun; 2-welding arc; 3-aluminium alloy plate; 4-ceramic substrate; 5-filler wire; 6-brazing flux; 7-corrosion resistant plate.The unit of the thickness of slab 3 in Fig. 1 is mm, i.e. 3mm.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid (Powdered), it is formed by the powder mixed grinding of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper, and shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 55%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 5%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 5%, aluminium (Al) 15%, zinc (Zn) 5%, tin (Sn) 7%, copper (Cu) 8%.During use, be modulated into liquid state with the mixed-powder that this prepares by absolute ethyl alcohol, even application is in surface of stainless steel to be welded.
Wherein, KAlF
4, K
3alF
6, K
2siF
6, KBF
4, Al, Zn, Sn, Cu state be 200 ~ 500 object powder.
In described ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, ptfe aluminum potassium with percentage by weight number shared by potassium hexafluoroaluminate is: ptfe aluminum potassium 72%, potassium hexafluoroaluminate 28% (following identical).
Mother metal is 6061 aluminium alloy plates (aluminium alloy plate 3 namely in Fig. 1) and 304 corrosion resistant plates (corrosion resistant plate 7 namely in Fig. 1), aluminium alloy plate and corrosion resistant plate thickness of slab are 3.0mm, adopt direct current TIG power supply, carry out docking test, packing material adopts Al-Si5 welding wire 5, and welding schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.Result shows: in molten brazing process, and Powdered brazing flux 6 (being modulated into liquid coating with absolute ethyl alcohol during use) of the present invention is sprawled well at the moistened surface of corrosion resistant plate 7, and the melt-brazed joint of acquisition is shaped attractive in appearance, and weld porosity is few; Tension test display joint breaking is in weld seam by stainless steel side region, and joint tensile strength reaches 115MPa, and compared with pure Nocolok brazing flux melt-brazed joint, its intensity improves about 43.75%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid, it is formed by the powder mixed grinding of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper, and shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 40%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 10%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 10%, aluminium (Al) 10%, zinc (Zn) 10%, tin (Sn) 10%, copper (Cu) 10%.
Wherein, KAlF
4, K
3alF
6, K
2siF
6, KBF
4, Al, Zn, Sn, Cu state be 200 ~ 500 object powder.
Carry out docking test, with embodiment 1, result shows: pulverous brazing flux of the present invention is good at stainless steel surfaces wetting and spreading, and the melt-brazed joint of acquisition is shaped more attractive in appearance, and weld porosity is less; Tension test display joint breaking is in weld seam by stainless steel side region, and joint tensile strength reaches 92MPa.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid, it is formed by the powder mixed grinding of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper, and shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 60%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 2%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 2%, aluminium (Al) 30%, zinc (Zn) 2%, tin (Sn) 2%, copper (Cu) 2%.
Wherein, KAlF
4, K
3alF
6, K
2siF
6, KBF
4, Al, Zn, Sn, Cu state be 200 ~ 500 object powder.
Carry out docking test, with embodiment 1, result shows: pulverous brazing flux of the present invention is good at stainless steel surfaces wetting and spreading, and the melt-brazed joint of acquisition is shaped more attractive in appearance, and weld porosity is less; Tension test display joint breaking is in weld seam by stainless steel side region, and joint tensile strength reaches 101MPa.
Claims (4)
1. aluminium alloy/stainless steel melts soldering acid, it is characterized in that it is formed by the powder mixed grinding of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper, shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate (KAlF
4+ K
3alF
6) eutectic 40% ~ 60%, potassium fluosilicate (K
2siF
6) 0 ~ 10%, potassium fluoborate (KBF
4) 0 ~ 10%, aluminium (Al) 10% ~ 30%, zinc (Zn) 0% ~ 10%, tin (Sn) 0% ~ 10%, copper (Cu) 0 ~ 10%, percetage by weight sum shared by each raw material is 100%.
2. a kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel according to claim 1 melts soldering acid, it is characterized in that: shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic 40% ~ 60%, potassium fluosilicate 2 ~ 10%, potassium fluoborate 2 ~ 10%, aluminium 10% ~ 30%, zinc 2% ~ 10%, tin 2% ~ 10%, copper 2 ~ 10%, percetage by weight sum shared by each raw material is 100%.
3. a kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel according to claim 1 and 2 melts soldering acid, it is characterized in that: shared by each raw material, percentage by weight number the best is: ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic 55%, potassium fluosilicate 5%, potassium fluoborate 5%, aluminium 15%, zinc 5%, tin 7%, copper 8%.
4. a kind of aluminium alloy/stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 melts soldering acid, it is characterized in that: the powder of ptfe aluminum potassium+potassium hexafluoroaluminate eutectic, potassium fluosilicate, potassium fluoborate, aluminium, zinc, tin and copper is 200 ~ 500 object powder.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105772988A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Copper-containing aluminum alloy/stainless steel molten brazing flux |
CN106903454A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-06-30 | 西安航空学院 | A kind of aluminum steel xenogenesis connects soldering solder |
CN108381061A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-10 | 山东交通学院 | Stablize the extraordinary brazing flux of the molten soldering of aluminium/steel electric arc and application method of alternating current arc |
CN112475808A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-12 | 山东大学 | Process suitable for industrial production of aluminum alloy/steel composite structural member and application |
CN113478123A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-08 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Modified potassium fluoroaluminate brazing flux as well as preparation method and application thereof |
CN114871630A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-08-09 | 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 | Welding material for deep cooling container brazing and deep cooling container brazing process |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105772988A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Copper-containing aluminum alloy/stainless steel molten brazing flux |
CN106903454A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-06-30 | 西安航空学院 | A kind of aluminum steel xenogenesis connects soldering solder |
CN108381061A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-10 | 山东交通学院 | Stablize the extraordinary brazing flux of the molten soldering of aluminium/steel electric arc and application method of alternating current arc |
CN112475808A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-12 | 山东大学 | Process suitable for industrial production of aluminum alloy/steel composite structural member and application |
CN112475808B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-06-17 | 山东大学 | Process suitable for industrial production of aluminum alloy/steel composite structural member and application |
CN113478123A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-08 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Modified potassium fluoroaluminate brazing flux as well as preparation method and application thereof |
CN114871630A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-08-09 | 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 | Welding material for deep cooling container brazing and deep cooling container brazing process |
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