CN105214732A - Catalyst and the method thereof of ethylene carbonate is prepared by oxirane and carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Catalyst and the method thereof of ethylene carbonate is prepared by oxirane and carbon dioxide Download PDF

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CN105214732A
CN105214732A CN201410314357.7A CN201410314357A CN105214732A CN 105214732 A CN105214732 A CN 105214732A CN 201410314357 A CN201410314357 A CN 201410314357A CN 105214732 A CN105214732 A CN 105214732A
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catalyst
oxirane
ethylene carbonate
carbon dioxide
prepared
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CN105214732B (en
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陈梁锋
何文军
杨为民
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of catalyst and the method thereof of being prepared ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide, mainly solve prior art and there is the active low problem of heterogeneous catalysis.The present invention comprises major catalyst and co-catalyst by adopting described catalyst; Described major catalyst is metal mixing oxide A ao b/ B co d; Wherein, A is selected from least one in Cu, Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni; B is selected from least one in Al, Fe, Cr or Zr; Described co-catalyst is organic amine R 1r 2r 3n; The weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst be 0.1 ~ 10 technical scheme solve this problem preferably, can be used in the industrial production of ethylene carbonate.

Description

Catalyst and the method thereof of ethylene carbonate is prepared by oxirane and carbon dioxide
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of catalyst and the method thereof of being prepared ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide.
Background technology
Ethylene carbonate is a kind of solvent and fine-chemical intermediate of function admirable, is the potential basic material of organic chemical industry.CO simultaneously 2be a kind of greenhouse gases, how effectively fix and become one of challenging problem of most in this century, and by oxirane and CO 2reactive Synthesis ethylene carbonate is exactly wherein a kind of well fixing means.Along with being recently that raw material co-producing dimethyl carbonate and glycol reaction receive publicity, day by day by cyclic carbonate fixation of C O with ethylene carbonate 2approach also receive increasing attention.
The heterogeneous catalyst of the production cyclic carbonate reported at present comprises MgO, MgO/Al 2o 3with Cs/KX etc., these catalyst all also exist the low problem of catalytic activity.
Yano etc. (Chem.Commu., 1997,1129-1130) use MgO as catalyst, for expoxy propane and CO 2reaction generates the reaction of propene carbonate, and 135 DEG C are reacted 12 hours, and the yield obtaining propene carbonate is 41%.
Yamaguchi etc. (J.Am.Chem.Soc., 1999,121,4526-4527) use MgO/Al 2o 3as catalyst, for expoxy propane and CO 2reaction generates the reaction of propene carbonate, and 100 DEG C are reacted 24 hours, and the yield obtaining propene carbonate is 88%, but the mass ratio of catalyst and substrate expoxy propane is up to 2.2.
Tu etc. (J.Catal., 2001,199,85-91) use Cs/KX as catalyst, for oxirane and CO 2the reaction of reaction Formed vinyl acetate, 150 DEG C of reactions are after 3 hours, and the yield obtaining ethylene carbonate is 14%.
Summary of the invention
One of technical problem to be solved by this invention is that prior art exists the active low problem of heterogeneous catalysis, provides a kind of catalyst being prepared ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide newly.This catalyst has the high feature of catalytic activity.Two of technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method being prepared ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide newly.
For one of solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of catalyst being prepared ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide, comprises major catalyst and co-catalyst;
Described major catalyst is metal mixing oxide A ao b/ B co d; Wherein, A is selected from least one in Cu, Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni; B is selected from least one in Al, Fe, Cr or Zr; A, b, c, d are respectively the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 4; With weight parts, in metal mixing oxide, A ao bnumber be 10 ~ 80 parts, B co dnumber 20 ~ 90 parts;
Described co-catalyst is organic amine R 1r 2r 3n; Wherein, R 1, R 2, R 3be hydrogen or general formula is C xh yfat-based or aromatic yl group, x is the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 18, and y is the arbitrary integer in 3 ~ 37, but R 1, R 2, R 3can not be hydrogen entirely;
The weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.1 ~ 10.
In technique scheme, preferably, A is selected from least one in Cu, Zn, Ca or Ni.
In technique scheme, preferably, A is Cu and the mixture being selected from least one in Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni.More preferably, A is Cu and the mixture being selected from least one in Zn, Ca or Ni.
In technique scheme, preferably, B is selected from least one in Al or Fe.
In technique scheme, preferably, mixed oxide A ao b/ B co din, A ao bnumber be 20 ~ 70 parts, B co dnumber 30 ~ 80 parts.
In technique scheme, preferably, the weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.2 ~ 5.
In technique scheme, preferably, R in organic amine 1, R 2, R 3for aliphatic group, more preferably, R 1, R 2, R 3for straight chain or branched chain alkyl.
For solve the problems of the technologies described above two, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of method being prepared ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide, with oxirane and carbon dioxide for raw material, it is 50 ~ 200 DEG C in reaction temperature, reaction pressure is under the condition of 0.1 ~ 10.0MPa, reaction raw materials and catalyst exposure Formed vinyl acetate;
Described catalyst comprises major catalyst and co-catalyst;
Described major catalyst is metal mixing oxide A ao b/ B co d; Wherein, A is selected from least one in Cu, Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni; B is selected from least one in Al, Fe, Cr or Zr; A, b, c, d are respectively the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 4; With weight parts, in metal mixing oxide, A ao bnumber be 10 ~ 80 parts, B co dnumber 20 ~ 90 parts; The weight ratio of major catalyst and oxirane is 0.0001 ~ 0.1;
Described co-catalyst is organic amine R 1r 2r 3n; Wherein, R 1, R 2, R 3be hydrogen or general formula is C xh yfat-based or aromatic yl group, x is the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 18, and y is the arbitrary integer in 3 ~ 37, but R 1, R 2, R 3can not be hydrogen entirely;
The weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.1 ~ 10.
In technique scheme, preferably, A is selected from least one in Cu, Zn, Ca or Ni.
In technique scheme, preferably, A is Cu and the mixture being selected from least one in Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni.More preferably, A is Cu and the mixture being selected from least one in Zn, Ca or Ni.
In technique scheme, preferably, B is selected from least one in Al or Fe.
In technique scheme, preferably, mixed oxide A ao b/ B co din, A ao bnumber be 20 ~ 70 parts, B co dnumber 30 ~ 80 parts.
In technique scheme, preferably, the weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.2 ~ 5.
In technique scheme, preferably, R in organic amine 1, R 2, R 3for aliphatic group, more preferably, R 1, R 2, R 3for straight chain or branched chain alkyl.
In technique scheme, preferably, reaction temperature is 80 ~ 160 DEG C, and reaction pressure is 0.5 ~ 8.0MPa, and the weight ratio of major catalyst and oxirane is 0.0005 ~ 0.05.
In the present invention, the preparation method of major catalyst is as follows:
1) add precipitating reagent to containing in the slaine mixed solution of A, B, the slaine containing A, B can be hydrochloride, bromate, iodate, sulfate, nitrate, and precipitating reagent can be ammoniacal liquor, alkali carbonate and alkali metal hydroxide.
2) by step 1) precipitation of gained collects, washing post-drying.
3) by step 2) obtain described mixed metal oxide catalyst after the precipitation roasting of drying.
The present invention is by adding organic amine R 1r 2r 3n is as co-catalyst, and inventor is surprised to find co-catalyst and major catalyst A ao b/ B co dbetween there is significantly synergy, after adding co-catalyst, catalytic activity improves greatly.Be CuO/Al at major catalyst 2o 3(parts by weight 40/60), co-catalyst are that the weight ratio of tri-n-butyl amine, co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.5, reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, reaction pressure is 5.0MPa, the ratio of major catalyst and oxirane is react 4 hours under the condition of 0.01, the conversion ratio of oxirane can reach 97.9%, the selective of ethylene carbonate reaches 99.4%, achieves good technique effect.
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated.
Detailed description of the invention
[embodiment 1]
Take 12.1gCu (NO 3) 23H 2o and 44.2gAl (NO 3) 39H 2o is dissolved in 300mL water, adds containing the 25.2g natrium carbonicum calcinatum 200mL aqueous solution wherein, collects the sediment obtained, spend deionized water 3 times, each 500mL, the sediment obtained is in 120 DEG C of baking ovens after dry 24 hours, 500 DEG C of roastings 5 hours, obtain CuO/Al 2o 3mixed oxide catalyst MO-1, wherein CuO and Al 2o 3parts by weight be respectively 40 and 60.
[embodiment 2 ~ 23]
The mixed metal salt that change uses, the kind of precipitating reagent and the amount used, all the other conditions are constant, and the mixed metal oxide catalyst obtained is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
[embodiment 24]
Take MO-1 catalyst obtained by 0.50g above-mentioned [embodiment 1] and 0.25g tri-n-butyl amine is placed in 100mL stainless steel cauldron, use N 2air in replacement reaction kettle, is then filled with 50.0g oxirane, passes into CO 2, keeping system pressure is 1.0MPa, stirs and is warmed up to 120 DEG C after 1 hour, add CO 2, keeping system pressure 5.0MPa, react after 4 hours and cool, carry out chromatography to product, the conversion ratio obtaining oxirane is 97.9%, and the selective of ethylene carbonate is 99.4%.
[embodiment 25 ~ 46]
Catalyst obtained by [embodiment 2 ~ 23] is used for oxirane and CO 2reaction in, all the other conditions are identical with [embodiment 24], and the reaction result obtained is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment Catalyst Oxirane conversion ratio, % Ethylene carbonate is selective, %
25 MO-2 76.5 98.2
26 MO-3 79.2 99.3
27 MO-4 93.9 98.9
28 MO-5 87.6 98.5
29 MO-6 56.7 99.2
30 MO-7 67.5 86.8
31 MO-8 64.5 95.4
32 MO-9 83.4 97.8
33 MO-10 47.8 79.0
34 MO-11 84.2 96.0
35 MO-12 58.4 91.5
36 MO-13 82.3 97.9
37 MO-14 81.3 99.3
38 MO-15 76.5 98.5
39 MO-16 91.3 97.5
40 MO-17 46.7 99.2
41 MO-18 71.3 91.2
42 MO-19 66.6 98.8
43 MO-20 86.7 96.5
44 MO-21 56.8 78.0
45 MO-22 78.9 97.0
46 MO-23 65.4 91.5
[embodiment 47 ~ 55]
The kind changing the organic amine used and the amount used, all the other conditions are identical with [embodiment 24], and the reaction result obtained is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment Organic amine Oxirane conversion ratio, % Ethylene carbonate is selective, %
47 Tri-n-butyl amine 1.0g 94.2 99.8
48 Tri-n-butyl amine 2.0g 99.1 96.5
49 Tri-n-butyl amine 5.0g 98.3 91 .5
50 Tri-n-butyl amine 0.1g 41.8 95.8
51 Tri-n-butyl amine 0.05g 33.0 84.2
52 N-octyl dimethyl amine 0.25g 78.9 97.2
53 Di-n-octyl amine 0.25g 92.3 98.9
54 Octadecyldimethylamine 0.25g 97.1 95.5
55 N, N-diethylaniline 0.25g 83.5 98.9
[comparative example 1 ~ 5]
Be used alone major catalyst or co-catalyst, all the other conditions are identical with [embodiment 24], and the result obtained is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
[embodiment 56 ~ 60]
Change the weight ratio of the consumption of major catalyst/co-catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction pressure, major catalyst and oxirane, all the other conditions are identical with [embodiment 24], and the reaction result obtained is as shown in table 5.
Table 5

Claims (10)

1. prepared a catalyst for ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide, comprise major catalyst and co-catalyst;
Described major catalyst is metal mixing oxide A ao b/ B co d; Wherein, A is selected from least one in Cu, Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni; B is selected from least one in Al, Fe, Cr or Zr; A, b, c, d are respectively the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 4; With weight parts, in metal mixing oxide, A ao bnumber be 10 ~ 80 parts, B co dnumber 20 ~ 90 parts;
Described co-catalyst is organic amine R 1r 2r 3n; Wherein, R 1, R 2, R 3be hydrogen or general formula is C xh yfat-based or aromatic yl group, x is the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 18, and y is the arbitrary integer in 3 ~ 37, but R 1, R 2, R 3can not be hydrogen entirely;
The weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.1 ~ 10.
2. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 1 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that A is selected from least one in Cu, Zn, Ca or Ni.
3. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 1 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that A is Cu and the mixture being selected from least one in Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni.
4. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 3 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that A is Cu and the mixture being selected from least one in Zn, Ca or Ni.
5. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 1 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that B is selected from least one in Al or Fe.
6. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 1 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that mixed oxide A ao b/ B co din, A ao bnumber be 20 ~ 70 parts, B co dnumber 30 ~ 80 parts.
7. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 1 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that the weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.2 ~ 5.
8. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 1 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that described organic amine R 1r 2r 3in N, R 1, R 2, R 3for aliphatic group.
9. prepared the catalyst of ethylene carbonate according to claim 8 by oxirane and carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that described organic amine R 1r 2r 3in N, R 1, R 2, R 3for straight chain or branched alkyl.
10. prepared the method for ethylene carbonate by oxirane and carbon dioxide for one kind, with oxirane and carbon dioxide for raw material, be 50 ~ 200 DEG C in reaction temperature, reaction pressure is under the condition of 0.1 ~ 10.0MPa, reaction raw materials and catalyst exposure Formed vinyl acetate;
Described catalyst comprises major catalyst and co-catalyst;
Described major catalyst is metal mixing oxide A ao b/ B co d; Wherein, A is selected from least one in Cu, Mg, Zn, Ca, Co or Ni; B is selected from least one in Al, Fe, Cr or Zr; A, b, c, d are respectively the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 4; With weight parts, in metal mixing oxide, A ao bnumber be 10 ~ 80 parts, B co dnumber 20 ~ 90 parts; The weight ratio of major catalyst and oxirane is 0.0001 ~ 0.1;
Described co-catalyst is organic amine R 1r 2r 3n; Wherein, R 1, R 2, R 3be hydrogen or general formula is C xh yfat-based or aromatic yl group, x is the arbitrary integer in 1 ~ 18, and y is the arbitrary integer in 3 ~ 37, but R 1, R 2, R 3can not be hydrogen entirely;
The weight ratio of co-catalyst and major catalyst is 0.1 ~ 10.
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Cited By (2)

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CN106380461A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 昆明理工大学 Preparation method of ethylene carbonate (propylene carbonate)
CN109046311A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-12-21 南京工程学院 Solid base catalyst and the preparation method and application thereof for carbon dioxide conversion

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106380461A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 昆明理工大学 Preparation method of ethylene carbonate (propylene carbonate)
CN109046311A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-12-21 南京工程学院 Solid base catalyst and the preparation method and application thereof for carbon dioxide conversion
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