CN105214721A - A kind of catalyst preventing and treating haze - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of catalyst preventing and treating haze, described catalyst comprises carrier, active component and co-catalyst, and described carrier is zeolite, and in the skeleton structure of zeolite, Si/ (Si+Al+P) mol ratio is 0.20; Described active component is the mixture of titanium dioxide and cerium oxide, and the mol ratio of Ti and Ce is 4:3, and described titanium dioxide is anatase crystal, and described active component weight content is in the catalyst 0.3%-10%; Described co-catalyst is silver and di-iron trioxide, and the mol ratio of Ag and Fe is 2:5, and described co-catalyst weight content is in the catalyst 0.3%-6%.Catalyst of the present invention can be arranged at closed venue or be sprayed at facade, can play good prevention effect to large-scale haze.

Description

A kind of catalyst preventing and treating haze

Technical field

The present invention relates to catalyst technical field, be specifically related to a kind of catalyst preventing and treating haze.

Background technology

Haze weather is a kind of atmosphere pollution state, haze is the general statement to suspended particulate substance content overproof various in air, and especially PM2.5 (equivalent aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to the particle of 2.5 microns) is considered to " arch-criminal " that cause haze weather.

The aerosol systems that mist is made up of the small water droplet be suspended in a large number in surface air or ice crystal.Come across autumn and winter season, be the product of ground layer water in air vapour condensation (or sublimating) more.The existence of mist can reduce air transparency, make visibility deterioration, if the horizontal visibility of object is reduced within 1000 meters, just the weather phenomenon of the condensation vapor be suspended in surface air (or sublimating) thing is called mist (Fog).

Haze, also claims the particle such as dust, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, organic hydrocarbon compounds in gray haze (smog) air that air also can be made muddy.The horizontal visibility of object is called mist or mist (Mist) in this phenomenon of 1000-10000 rice.Formed mist time atmospheric humidity should be saturated (when existing if any a large amount of nuclei of condensation, relative humidity not necessarily reach 100% just may occur saturated).Due to the mist scattering of aqueous water or ice crystal composition light and wavelength relationship not quite, thus mist seems to be creamy white or Bluish white and grey.Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and pellet are the main compositions of haze.

2013, " haze " became annual keyword.In the January of this year, 4 times haze process shrouds 30 provinces (district, city), and in Beijing, only having 5 days is not haze sky.Have report display, in 500 cities of Largest In China, only reach the air quality standard of world health organisation recommendations less than the city of 1%, meanwhile, polluting 10 the most serious cities in the world has 7 in China.

The harm that haze produces human body is as follows:

(1) on the impact of respiratory system

The constituent of haze is very complicated, comprises hundreds of Atmospheric Chemistry particulate matter.The particulate that the mainly diameter be wherein harmful to health is less than 10 microns, as mineral grain thing, sea salt, sulfate, nitrate, Organic aerosol particle, fuel and automobile exhaust gas etc., it directly can enter and stick in human respiratory tract and alveolar.Especially submicron particle can be deposited in upper and lower respiratory tract and alveolar respectively, causes the illness such as acute rhinitis and acute bronchitis.For chronic respiratory disease patients such as bronchial astehma, chronic bronchitis, obstructive emphysema and COPDs, haze weather can make state of an illness acute attack or acute exacerbation.If be in this environment for a long time also can bring out lung cancer.

(2) on the impact of cardiovascular system

Haze sky is also very serious on the impact of human body cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, normal blood circulation can be hindered, cause cardiovascular disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral hemorrhage, angina pectoris, miocardial infarction, heart failure etc. may be brought out, make chronic bronchitis occur cor pulmonale etc.

In addition, thick fog weather pressure ratio is lower, and people can produce a kind of sensation of agitation, and blood pressure can increase naturally to some extent.On the one hand often temperature is lower the greasy weather again, and some hypertension, patients with coronary heart disease go to suddenly cold outdoor from warm indoor, blood vessel expands with heat and contract with cold, and blood pressure also can be made to raise, cause the generation of apoplexy, myocardial infarction.The careful reply so heart and brain blood patient must take medicine on time.

(3) haze weather also can cause that surface layer is ultraviolet to be weakened, and make the increased activity of the infectiousness germ in air, infectious disease increases.

(4) child growth is unfavorable for.Because sunshine in greasy weather reduces, children's Ultraviolet radiation is not enough, and in body, vitamin D generates not enough, greatly reduces, serious meeting causes Infant Rickets, children growth slows down to the absorption of calcium.

(5) mental health is affected

Expert points out, there is impact in the lasting large greasy weather on the psychology of people and health, and say psychologically, the large greasy weather can cause oppressiveness, oppressive impression to people, can stimulate or aggravate the state of mental depression.In addition, due to the low pressure that greasy weather light is more weak and cause, some people can produce spiritual sluggishness, listless phenomenon in the greasy weather.

(6) fecundity is affected

There are some researches show, be exposed to the crowd in the air of high density pollution for a long time, the success rate of its sperm the time of fertilization in vitro may reduce.Researcher has also found the association between toxic air and male fecundity decline.

On November 5th, 2013, " climate change Green Book: reply climate change report (2013) " that the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, China Meteorological Administration combine issue is pointed out, immediate and mid-term China haze weather is totally in increase trend.Wherein, mist number of days is in obviously reducing, and haze number of days obviously increases, and continuation haze process increases significantly.

At present, to the prophylactico-therapeutic measures of haze, be only the measure of passive type, such as adopt the form such as mouth mask, clarifier.This coping style can only passive reply haze.Or haze can only be processed among a small circle, haze can not be processed on a large scale.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to propose a kind of catalyst preventing and treating haze, this catalyst can be arranged on a large scale, can remove haze fast.

For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:

Prevent and treat a catalyst for haze, described catalyst comprises carrier, active component and co-catalyst.

Described carrier is zeolite, and in the skeleton structure of zeolite, Si/ (Si+Al+P) mol ratio is 0.20.

Described active component is the mixture of titanium dioxide and cerium oxide, and the mol ratio of Ti and Ce is 4:3, and described titanium dioxide is anatase crystal.Described active component weight content is in the catalyst 0.3%-10%, preferred 0.5-%-8%, more preferably 2%-5%.Such as, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%.

Described co-catalyst is silver and di-iron trioxide, and the mol ratio of Ag and Fe is 2:5, and described co-catalyst weight content is in the catalyst 0.3%-6%, preferred 0.5%-5%.Such as, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%.

Preferably, the weight ratio of described active component and co-catalyst is 5:1 ~ 2:1.Such as 4.5:1,4:1,3.5:1,3:1,2.5:1.

The preparation method of described catalyst can take conventional infusion process and other alternatives, the prior art unrestricted choice that those skilled in the art can grasp according to it, and the present invention repeats no more.

The present invention is by choosing specific zeolite as carrier, and the Ti/Ce choosing special ratios is as active component, Ag/Fe is as co-catalyst, this catalyst is made to produce cooperative effect, make that the control of this catalyst to haze is efficient reaches 100%, simultaneously active high, be convenient to arrange, can arrange at closed venue or be sprayed at facade, good prevention effect can be played to large-scale haze.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention is described catalyst of the present invention by following embodiment.

Embodiment 1

Catalyst is prepared by infusion process, carrier is zeolite, in the skeleton structure of zeolite, Si/ (Si+Al+P) mol ratio is 0.20, active component is the mixture of titanium dioxide and cerium oxide, and the mol ratio of Ti and Ce is 4:3, and described titanium dioxide is anatase crystal, described active component weight content is in the catalyst 5%, co-catalyst is silver and di-iron trioxide, and the mol ratio of Ag and Fe is 2:5, and described co-catalyst weight content is in the catalyst 2%.

Described catalyst is sprayed at closed indoor interior wall, windows when PM2.5 is 300, make indoor PM2.5 identical with outdoor, close the doors and windows, test PM2.5 after 1 hour, its value is only 12.

Comparative example 1

The carrier of embodiment 1 is replaced with active carbon, and all the other conditions are constant, and the PM2.5 value after 1 hour is 56.

Comparative example 2

The Ce of embodiment 1 is replaced with La, and all the other conditions are constant, and the PM2.5 value after 1 hour is 48.

Comparative example 3

The Fe of embodiment 1 is replaced with Co, and all the other conditions are constant, and the PM2.5 value after 1 hour is 32.

Above-described embodiment and comparative example illustrate, there is specific contact between several component of catalyst of the present invention, omit or replace wherein one or more, all can not reach the certain effects of the application, prove to which create cooperative effect.

Applicant states, the present invention illustrates catalyst of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned catalyst, does not namely mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed catalysts and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of auxiliary element, the concrete way choice etc. of each raw material of product of the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.

Claims (5)

1. prevent and treat a catalyst for haze, described catalyst comprises carrier, active component and co-catalyst, it is characterized in that,

Described carrier is zeolite, and in the skeleton structure of zeolite, Si/ (Si+Al+P) mol ratio is 0.20;

Described active component is the mixture of titanium dioxide and cerium oxide, and the mol ratio of Ti and Ce is 4:3, and described titanium dioxide is anatase crystal, and described active component weight content is in the catalyst 0.3%-10%;

Described co-catalyst is silver and di-iron trioxide, and the mol ratio of Ag and Fe is 2:5, and described co-catalyst weight content is in the catalyst 0.3%-6%.

2. catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described active component weight content is in the catalyst 0.5-%-8%.

3. catalyst as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described active component weight content is in the catalyst 2%-5%.

4. catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described co-catalyst weight content is in the catalyst 0.5%-5%.

5. catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described active component and co-catalyst is 5:1 ~ 2:1.