CN105208652B - A kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology - Google Patents

A kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology Download PDF

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CN105208652B
CN105208652B CN201510611256.0A CN201510611256A CN105208652B CN 105208652 B CN105208652 B CN 105208652B CN 201510611256 A CN201510611256 A CN 201510611256A CN 105208652 B CN105208652 B CN 105208652B
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locating system
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徐乔治
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H04W64/006Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology, it includes iBeacon low-power consumption bluetooth base station, mapping component, scanning and collection assembly, filter inappropriate data package, extract collection area component, radius radiates weighing groupware and weighted calculation component, the present invention is using a set of indoor locating system based on 4.0 base station of bluetooth (iBeacon) positioning, with this system, user can start locating module by the cell phone client in hand, by the signal acquisition for pinpointing the base station iBeacon set up, it is converted into attenuation model measuring and calculating distance, current location is obtained in real time, levels of precision is up to 40CM.

Description

A kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of locating technology, specially a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology belongs to interior Location Calculation field.
Background technique
Indoor positioning, which refers to, realizes position positioning in environment indoors, mainly fixed using wireless telecommunications, base station location, inertial navigation The multiple technologies such as position are integrated to form a set of indoor location locating system, to realize the position indoors in space such as personnel, object Set monitoring.
Indoor navigation is serviced WifiSLAM and is purchased by apple with 20,000,000 dollars.This movement of apple certainly will push interior Position the heating of competition.WifiSLAM is the venture company for founding only 2 years, their technology can allow mobile phone application logical WIFI signal is crossed, position of the user in building, the application developers of indoor map and novel retail and social activity are detected Using all producing interest to this technology.And in the Nokia World exhibition that London is held, Nokia also opens up in research center Their indoor navigation system is shown.This present set system has had new version, and Nokia has also released a new popularization Video.This set system relies primarily on multiple positioning signal R-T unit networkings, to replace the effect of " navigation satellite ", these devices The real-time tracking that may be implemented on the ceiling to target can be placed, maximal accuracy can achieve 30 centimetres.
In addition, mobile device giant Nokia, Samsung, Sony Mobile is mobile and other 19 companies jointly at Indoor positioning alliance has been found, Cartographic Technique development in promotion room is conspired and has solved plan implementation process.They will establish general Interface and standard realize the standardization of this technology, open and it is set to industrywide standard." in high precision, this alliance is intended to provide The equipment or solution of low-power consumption, high mobility, high-performance, high availability ", to thus construct the life promoted innovation State system pushes the development and application of this technology.
Wherein, the application demand of indoor positioning technologies includes public safety and emergency response, locating guide, social need Ask, the big data mode application of marketing demand and worth of data, for example, in case of emergency, everyone all want by Rescue personnel is pin-pointed to, the big position for arriving building, even floor or room number;What has in building; Whom is around office;Where vehicle is placed on underground parking;Milk in supermarket where;Inside megastore Where is nearest restaurant;Realize that business card exchange, microblogging push, similar wechat carry out friend-making interaction etc..In department stores Shopping guide's service is provided for client.Mobile phone can tell you, provide shopping guide's service, nearby have which commodity on sale.Tourist attraction, Museum, realizes locating guide at airport, carries out showpiece introduction etc..Airport can accurately guide user to go through the formalities, indicate toilet Position etc..
Based on the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of indoor locating systems based on wireless technology, use one Indoor locating system of the set based on 4.0 base station of bluetooth (iBeacon) positioning, with this system, user can pass through the hand in hand Machine client terminal start-up locating module, by pinpointing the signal acquisition of the base station iBeacon set up, be converted into attenuation model measuring and calculating away from From obtaining current location in real time, levels of precision is up to 40CM.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure and using simply, rationally, at low cost, performance is stable, accurate positioning A kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:A kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology, It includes iBeacon low-power consumption bluetooth base station, mapping component, scanning and collection assembly, the inappropriate data package of filtering, mentions Take collection area component, radius radiation weighing groupware and weighted calculation component, which is characterized in that the iBeacon low-power consumption Bluetooth base. station is using 202 series of base stations of APRILBEACON for being equipped with TICC2540 chip;
The drawing process of the mapping component includes the following steps:
Firstly, instantiation MapManager, in instantiation process, MapManager can generate one MapArray pairs As that after reading in a building, can modify to the data in MapArray, while generating a BlockBase's Object is added in blockList, after reading building data, system generate Bitmap, MapView according to currently MapMatrix, to map zooms in and out and rotation process, on the painting canvas for being plotted in Surface, is presented to the user;
The scanning is responsible for the bluetooth module high frequency sweep carried using system Bluetooth base. station signal nearby with collection assembly, The maximum 3-4 base station of signal strength is extracted by calculating, the signal strength data of accumulation 200 or more passes through ranging formula Original distance set is obtained first;
The inappropriate data package of filtering uses the superposition of many algorithms, guarantees the filtering of maximum possible;
The algorithm core for extracting collection area component is two circles or three circle intersection methods, utilizes base station coordinates and the list of calculating A distance value does circle, and every two circle is once compared, if there is intersecting area, samples having for intersecting area according to a kind of algorithm Effect point;
The radius radiation weighing groupware is responsible for secondary filter Null Spot and calculates point in the region containing available point and Null Spot The central point of collection;
The weighted calculation component is responsible for that x, y-coordinate is weighted respectively according to the radiation value of available point, obtains As a result coordinate.
Further, preferably, many algorithms that the inappropriate data package of filtering uses include at least cell type graphic calculation Method, queue mean algorithm and Gauss distribution method, wherein the cell type nomography includes the following steps:
Firstly, listing all numerical value by sequence from small to large, the number of all numerical value is denoted as n, in order in this way Row number:X1 is the smallest number, and X2 is secondary small number, until maximum several Xn;Then, median is calculated:Data are split into two halves, Find half numerical value greater than it, half numerical value be less than it point median;Later, quartile is calculated:Divide the data into four The median i.e. quartile of a half data is found in part;Later, interquartile-range IQR is calculated:Calculate between two quantiles away from From i.e. interquartile-range IQR, wherein interquartile-range IQR=the 3rd the-the 1 quartile of quartile;After again, internal range is calculated:It distinguishes and belongs to Numerical value except specific distribution and distribution, wherein the upper limit of internal range is in higher than the 3rd quartile and 1.5 times four points Position away from the sum of position, lower limit is then in the position that 1.5 times of interquartile-range IQRs are subtracted lower than the 1st quartile, i.e.,:
The internal upper limit=the 3rd+1.5 × interquartile-range IQR of quartile
Internal lower limit=the 1st -1.5 × interquartile-range IQR of quartile;
The queue mean algorithm is to construct the queue that a length is n, is initially empty, when data generate, from queue End is put into, while being checked whether beyond queue length, if exceeding, leaves out queue head end data, takes queue when finally counting Average value;
The Gauss distribution method accumulates Distribution Algorithm using in Gaussian Profile.
Further, preferably, radius radiation weighing groupware includes the following steps:Firstly, basis signal intensity is just Than varied configurations radiation radius R, radiation value is defined, the radiation value of each point is initially 0;Then, circle is done to each point, is swept It retouches, if there are other points in circle, the radiation value of corresponding point is weighted;Later, it counts radiation value according in region less than a's Null Spot is filtered, and to avoid extreme case, guarantees the validity largely put.
Further, preferably, it is provided with positioning accuracy lifting assembly, which carries out distance measuring method using RSSI, Sequential model is used in its wireless signal transmission, the simplified model of sequential model is:
To take d usually convenient for expressing and calculating0For 1m, can then obtain:
The form of [p (d)] dBm RSSI that write as is obtained RSSI=A-10nlg (d) by [p (d)] dBm=A-10nlg (d);
Wherein, A be wireless receiving and dispatching node at a distance of 1m when the wireless signal strength RSSI value that receives of receiving node.
Further, preferably, it is characterized in that, wherein, A=-42, n=2, ranging formula are RSSI=-42-20lg (d)。
Further, preferably, it further includes shortest path computation module, the calculating step of the component is:First, it is assumed that There is x, tri- points of y, z, if the shortest distance of x to y is Sxy, the shortest distance of y to z is Syz, and the shortest distance of x to z is Sxz, if Sxz > Sxy+Syz, Sxz are changed to Sxy+Syz, then doing the definition of an iteration is:It is combined into current figure All such three points all do primary such operation, until being all primary such behaviour between three all points Make, it is assumed that a current shared T node can be found out between any two point then at most needing to carry out (T-2) secondary iteration The shortest distance.
Further, preferably, the shortest path computation module is in such a way that three recirculate, it is each circulation be from 0 is chosen to T, and outmost circulation chooses y point, and second layer circulation chooses x point, and third layer circulation chooses z point, passes through map The value of [x] [y] and map [y] [z] update map [x] [z], and when needing to update every time, path is also updated, until three layers of circulation are complete Portion terminates, and the time complexity T^3 needed, space complexity T^2 can calculate the shortest path of any two point in map.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology provided by the invention uses a set of based on 4.0 base station of bluetooth (iBeacon) indoor locating system positioned, with this system, user can start positioning mould by the cell phone client in hand Block is converted into attenuation model measuring and calculating distance, obtains present bit in real time by pinpointing the signal acquisition for the base station iBeacon set up It sets, levels of precision is up to 40CM.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of location Calculation flow diagram of indoor locating system based on wireless technology of the invention;
Fig. 2 is scanning and the collection assembly of a kind of indoor locating system and localization method based on wireless technology of the invention Two circle intersection schematic diagrames.
Specific embodiment
Come to carry out detailed description to the present invention below in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be appreciated, however, that attached drawing has been provided only more Understand the present invention well, they should not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, the present invention provides a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology, and one kind being based on wireless technology Indoor locating system comprising iBeacon low-power consumption bluetooth base station, mapping component, scanning and collection assembly, filtering not Appropriate data package extracts collection area component, radius radiation weighing groupware and weighted calculation component, which is characterized in that described IBeacon low-power consumption bluetooth base station use using being equipped with 202 series of base stations of APRILBEACON of TICC2540 chip;
The drawing process of the mapping component includes the following steps:
Firstly, instantiation MapManager, in instantiation process, MapManager can generate one MapArray pairs As that after reading in a building, can modify to the data in MapArray, while generating a BlockBase's Object is added in blockList, after reading building data, system generate Bitmap, MapView according to currently MapMatrix, to map zooms in and out and rotation process, on the painting canvas for being plotted in Surface, is presented to the user;
The scanning is responsible for the bluetooth module high frequency sweep carried using system Bluetooth base. station signal nearby with collection assembly, The maximum 3-4 base station of signal strength is extracted by calculating, the signal strength data of accumulation 200 or more passes through ranging formula Original distance set is obtained first;
The inappropriate data package of filtering uses the superposition of many algorithms, guarantees the filtering of maximum possible;
The algorithm core for extracting collection area component is two circles or three circle intersection methods, utilizes base station coordinates and the list of calculating A distance value does circle, and every two circle is once compared, if there is intersecting area, samples having for intersecting area according to a kind of algorithm Effect point;
The radius radiation weighing groupware is responsible for secondary filter Null Spot and calculates point in the region containing available point and Null Spot The central point of collection;
The weighted calculation component is responsible for that x, y-coordinate is weighted respectively according to the radiation value of available point, obtains As a result coordinate.
In the present embodiment, many algorithms that the inappropriate data package of the filtering uses include at least cell type nomography, Queue mean algorithm and Gauss distribution method, wherein the cell type nomography includes the following steps:
Firstly, listing all numerical value by sequence from small to large, the number of all numerical value is denoted as n, in order in this way Row number:X1 is the smallest number, and X2 is secondary small number, until maximum several Xn;Then, median is calculated:Data are split into two halves, Find half numerical value greater than it, half numerical value be less than it point median;Later, quartile is calculated:Divide the data into four The median i.e. quartile of a half data is found in part;Later, interquartile-range IQR is calculated:Calculate between two quantiles away from From i.e. interquartile-range IQR, wherein interquartile-range IQR=the 3rd the-the 1 quartile of quartile;After again, internal range is calculated:It distinguishes and belongs to Numerical value except specific distribution and distribution, wherein the upper limit of internal range is in higher than the 3rd quartile and 1.5 times four points Position away from the sum of position, lower limit is then in the position that 1.5 times of interquartile-range IQRs are subtracted lower than the 1st quartile, i.e.,:
The internal upper limit=the 3rd+1.5 × interquartile-range IQR of quartile;
Internal lower limit=the 1st -1.5 × interquartile-range IQR of quartile;
The queue mean algorithm is to construct the queue that a length is n, is initially empty, when data generate, from queue End is put into, while being checked whether beyond queue length, if exceeding, leaves out queue head end data, takes queue when finally counting Average value;
The Gauss distribution method is using the area distributions algorithm in Gaussian Profile.
Wherein, the radius radiation weighing groupware includes the following steps:Firstly, basis signal intensity proportional varied configurations spoke Radius R is penetrated, radiation value is defined, the radiation value of each point is initially 0;Then, circle is done to each point, be scanned, if in circle There are other points, then the radiation value weightings of corresponding point;Later, it is carried out according to the Null Spot counted in region by radiation value less than a Filtering guarantees the validity largely put to avoid extreme case.
Further, preferably, it is provided with positioning accuracy lifting assembly, which carries out distance measuring method using RSSI, Sequential model is used in its wireless signal transmission, the simplified model of sequential model is:
To take d usually convenient for expressing and calculating0For 1m.Then it can obtain:
The form of [p (d)] dBm RSSI that write as is obtained RSSI=A-10nlg (d) by [p (d)] dBm=A-10nlg (d);
Wherein, A be wireless receiving and dispatching node at a distance of 1m when the wireless signal strength RSSI value that receives of receiving node.Wherein, A =-42, n=2, ranging formula are RSSI=-42-20lg (d).
The invention also includes shortest path computation module, the calculating step of the component is:First, it is assumed that have x, y, z tri- Point, if the shortest distance of x to y is Sxy, the shortest distance of y to z is Syz, and the shortest distance of x to z is Sxz, if Sxz > Sxy+Syz, then Sxz is changed to Sxy+Syz, then doing the definition of an iteration is:It is combined into current figure all such Three points all do primary such operation, until all doing primary such operation between three all points, it is assumed that when previous T node is shared, then at most needing to carry out (T-2) secondary iteration, the shortest distance between any two point can be found out.
In addition, shortest path computation module, in such a way that three recirculate, each circulation is chosen from 0 to T, most The circulation of outside chooses y point, and second layer circulation chooses x point, and third layer circulation chooses z point, passes through map [x] [y] and map [y] The value of [z] updates map [x] [z], and when needing to update every time, path is also updated, and terminates until three layers of circulation are whole, needs Time complexity T^3, space complexity T^2 can calculate the shortest path of any two point in map.
The present invention is using a set of indoor locating system based on 4.0 base station of bluetooth (iBeacon) positioning, with this system, User can start locating module by the cell phone client in hand, by pinpointing the signal acquisition for the base station iBeacon set up, It is converted into attenuation model measuring and calculating distance, obtains current location in real time, levels of precision is up to 40CM.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, in relation to the common of technical field Technical staff can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore all Equivalent technical solution also belongs to scope of the invention, and scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology comprising iBeacon low-power consumption bluetooth base station, mapping group Part, scanning and collection assembly, the inappropriate data package of filtering extract collection area component, radius radiation weighing groupware and weighting Computation module, which is characterized in that the iBeacon low-power consumption bluetooth base station uses and is equipped with TICC2540 chip 202 series of base stations of APRILBEACON;
The drawing process of the mapping component includes the following steps:
Firstly, instantiation MapManager, in instantiation process, MapManager can generate a MapArray object, often It after reading in a building, can modify to the data in MapArray, while the object for generating a BlockBase adds Be added in blockList, after reading building data, system generates Bitmap, MapView according to current mapMatrix, To map zooms in and out and rotation process, on the painting canvas for being plotted in Surface, is presented to the user;
The scanning is responsible for the bluetooth module high frequency sweep carried using system Bluetooth base. station signal nearby with collection assembly, passes through It calculates and extracts the maximum 3-4 base station of signal strength, the signal strength data of accumulation 200 or more, first by ranging formula Obtain original distance set;
The inappropriate data package of filtering uses the superposition of many algorithms, guarantees the filtering of maximum possible;
The algorithm core for extracting collection area component is two circles or three circle intersection methods, using base station coordinates and calculating it is single away from Circle is done from value, every two circle is once compared, if there is intersecting area, samples the effective of intersecting area according to a kind of algorithm Point;
The radius radiation weighing groupware is responsible for secondary filter Null Spot and calculates point set in the region containing available point and Null Spot Central point;
The weighted calculation component is responsible for that x, y-coordinate is weighted respectively according to the radiation value of available point, obtains a result Coordinate.
2. a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the filtering is not The many algorithms that appropriate data package uses include at least cell type nomography, queue mean algorithm and Gauss distribution method, wherein The cell type nomography includes the following steps:
Firstly, listing all numerical value by sequence from small to large, the number of all numerical value is denoted as n, is arranged in numerical order so in order: X1 is the smallest number, and X2 is secondary small number, until maximum several Xn;Then, median is calculated:Data are split into two halves, are found Half numerical value be greater than it, half numerical value be less than it point median;Later, quartile is calculated:Four parts are divided the data into, Find the median i.e. quartile of a half data;Later, interquartile-range IQR is calculated:Calculate the distance between two quantiles i.e. four Quartile is away from, wherein interquartile-range IQR=the 3rd the-the 1 quartile of quartile;After again, internal range is calculated:Differentiation belongs to specific Numerical value except distribution and distribution, wherein the upper limit of internal range be in higher than the 3rd quartile and 1.5 times of interquartile-range IQRs it The position of sum, lower limit are then in the position that 1.5 times of interquartile-range IQRs are subtracted lower than the 1st quartile, i.e.,:
The internal upper limit=the 3rd+1.5 × interquartile-range IQR of quartile;
Internal lower limit=the 1st -1.5 × interquartile-range IQR of quartile;
The queue mean algorithm is to construct the queue that a length is n, is initially empty, when data generate, from queue end It is put into, while checking whether beyond queue length, if exceeding, leave out queue head end data, take being averaged for queue when finally counting Value;
The Gauss distribution method is using the area distributions algorithm in Gaussian Profile.
3. a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radius spoke Weighing groupware is penetrated to include the following steps:Firstly, basis signal intensity proportional varied configurations radiation radius R, defines radiation value, each The radiation value of point is initially 0;Then, circle is done to each point, be scanned, if there are other points in circle, corresponding point Radiation value weighting;Later, it is filtered according to the Null Spot counted in region by radiation value less than a, to avoid extreme case, guarantees The validity largely put.
4. a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is provided with fixed Position precision improvement component, the component carry out distance measuring method using RSSI, use sequential model, gradual change mould in wireless signal transmission The simplified model of type is:
To take d usually convenient for expressing and calculating0For 1m, can then obtain:
The form of [p (d)] dBm RSSI that write as is obtained RSSI=A-10nlg (d) by [p (d)] dBm=A-10nlg (d);Wherein, A be wireless receiving and dispatching node at a distance of 1m when the wireless signal strength RSSI value that receives of receiving node.
5. a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology according to claim 4, which is characterized in that wherein, A=- 42, n=2, ranging formula is RSSI=-42-201g (d).
6. a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further includes most The calculating step of short path computation module, the component is:First, it is assumed that have x, tri- points of y, z, if the shortest distance of x to y is The shortest distance of Sxy, y to z are Syz, and the shortest distance of x to z is Sxz, if Sxz > Sxy+Syz, Sxz are changed to Sxy+ Syz, then doing the definition of an iteration is:All such three points are combined into current figure, are all primary such behaviour Make, until all doing primary such operation between three all points, it is assumed that a current shared T node, then at most needing (T-2) secondary iteration is carried out, the shortest distance between any two point can be found out.
7. a kind of indoor locating system based on wireless technology according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the shortest path For diameter computation module in such a way that three recirculate, each circulation is chosen from 0 to T, and outmost circulation chooses y point, Second layer circulation chooses x point, and third layer circulation chooses z point, updates map [x] by the value of map [x] [y] and map [y] [z] [z] when needing to update every time, path is also updated, and is terminated until three layers of circulation are whole, the time complexity T^3 needed, space Complexity T^2 can calculate the shortest path of any two point in map.
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