CN105208620B - A kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference - Google Patents
A kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
- H04W40/16—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality based on interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference, step includes：First, node estimates practical communication ability according to the electromagnetic wave attenuation in sample direction；Secondly, according to the variation for neighbor node before and after interference source occur, the position of estimation transmitting interference source, and the size for being emitted using Delaunay triangle pairs interference region is calculated；It is finally based on cost of energy, Forwarding Delay, selection standard of the link reliability as forward node, when routed path is close to transmitting interference region, in conjunction with network connectivty, node energy is horizontal, and route test is carried out using the mode for detouring or passing through.The present invention can effectively assess the communication capacity of node in complicated industrial environment, and the influence that reply transmitting interference brings network data transmission improves the real-time and reliability of network data transmission.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing methods towards radiation interference, belong to wireless biography
Technical field is supported in sensor network communication.
Background technology
The transmission of data flow in commercial Application, it is desirable that the frequency and data waiting delay of route requests are reduced, to
The reliability of data transmission can be improved, meanwhile, the continued depletion for considering sensor node energy in link is needed, to reach
The purpose of energy expenditure equilibrium.In addition, due to severe working environment and complicated man-made noise, the failure warp of node or link
Often occur, routing mechanism needs to have certain fault-tolerant ability.Therefore, cause for the research of the Design of Routing Algorithm of commercial Application
The attention of people.In recent years, there has been proposed a variety of several routing protocols for wireless sensors networks based on different application target, and according to
Different applications is classified research compared with to routing.But most of agreement is due to its ideal supposed premise
It can not be directly applied in industrial scene.
Ensure that the routing of end-to-end delay mainly there are following three kinds in the industrial wireless sensor network of current research:Base
In tree-like Routing Protocol, the shortest distance preferential (SPF) Routing Protocol, routing (GR) agreement based on geographical location.Based on tree
The Routing Protocol of shape is a kind of common routing protocol based on IEEE 802.15.4 standards in wireless sensor network.On the roads SPF
By in agreement, each node obtains a list for including destination node and optimal path by updating routing table periodically.
Although this Routing Protocol considers service quality, for the limited available resource of sense node, agreement it is complicated and
Communication overhead is big.In addition, SPF routing algorithms in the case of dynamic topology, will produce prodigious consumption and longer routing
Control time.In comparison, GR Routing Protocols require no knowledge about the structure of whole network topology.Each node be based on source node,
The position of destination node and neighbor node selects next-hop forward node, can reduce information content and energy expenditure in this way.Further,
GR Routing Protocols make the energy expenditure in hop count and repeating process of the distance often the jumped maximization to reduce forwarding.But
GR algorithms cannot optimize hop count, and the size of hop count tends to influence energy expenditure and delay.
In order to optimize the data transmission capabilities of industrial wireless sensor network, domestic and international researcher proposes a variety of routers
System, pertinent literature are as follows：
1,2006, Heo et al. existed《EAR-RT:Energy aware routing with real-time
guarantee for wireless sensor networks》In, propose a kind of Routing Protocol ensureing real-time data transmission,
The agreement considers that in source node, each of which neighbor node is according to selected general to a multihop path is found between destination node
Rate forwards data packet.The summation and forwarding data packet of select probability and neighbor node dump energy are to needed for neighbor node
Energy is inversely proportional.Therefore, the lower path of energy requirement is easier to be selected.EAR-RT is can transmission packet in time
It is randomly chosen next node in both candidate nodes, any specific path is prevented continuously to be selected as optimal path to realize
Balancing energy.
2,2009, Heo et al. existed《EARQ:Energy Aware Routing for Real-Time and
Reliable Communication in Wireless Industrial Sensor Networks》In, it is proposed that one kind is not
Individual setup phase is needed, the real-time Routing Protocol EARQ of the monitoring characteristic of wireless network need not be also utilized.EARQ is integrated
Energy expenditure, delay and the reliability for considering path, provide not only real-time Transmission, also provide the reliable biography of data packet
It is defeated.But due to considering the problems of that energy expenditure, EARQ are not always optimal to the foundation of routed path.
3,2009, Li et al. people existed《Enhancing real-time delivery in wireless sensor
networks with two-hop information》In, it is proposed that a kind of double bounce routing algorithm THVR based on speed,
THVR selects optimal path using geographical location information and delay, and delay Loss Rate is reduced 20%.
4,2010, Jung et al. existed《OMLRP:Multi-hop information based real-time
routing protocol in wireless sensor networks》In, it is proposed that a kind of on-demand multi-hop real-time road in advance
By agreement OMLRP, can on demand be forwarded according to the information of neighbor node in forward-path.OMLRP is generated because of information exchange
Energy expenditure is seldom, and OMLRP does not optimize the hop count needed for forwarding data packet to Sink node, therefore in Forwarding Delay
On there are still optimization space.
5,2012, Quang et al. existed《Enhancing Real-Time Delivery of Gradient Routing
for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks》In, by based on speed double bounce routing algorithm and be based on gradient
Network be combined, it is proposed that a kind of routing algorithm THVRG, THVRG suitable for industrial environment not only optimize in real time turn
Hop count needed for hair, while decreasing the energy expenditure needed for routing forwarding.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：In the industrial wireless sensor network of random placement, to node
Practical communication ability is assessed, and is positioned the transmitting interference source occurred in network and is estimated its coverage area.According to network whether
It is interfered in the presence of transmitting, considers that the cost of energy of forward node, Forwarding Delay and link reliability choose next-hop node, and on road
When by path close to transmitting interference region, route test is carried out using the mode for detouring and passing through.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference：Include the following steps：
Step 1：The communication range of sensor node is estimated.Node, which is emitted using omnidirectional antenna with maximum transmission power, to be believed
Number, the signal attenuation in all directions is assessed, the node in all directions is sent after receiving signal to sending node
ACK information, the ACK message include received signal strength indicator and the distance between receiving node and transmitting node, are based on
Curve-fitting method calculates emission maximum radius of the egress in all directions so that before node can estimate that interference source occurs
Decaying communication range after normal communications range and interference source appearance.
Step 2：Emit interference source positioning.Decaying of the transmitting interference source to node communication capacity is considered, before there is interference source
The neighbours' number safeguarded in posterior nodal point neighbor table can be reduced, after the node decaying that neighbours' number reduction is calculated using the step 1
Communication range, based on maximum-likelihood method to transmitting interference source position.
Step 3：Emit interference source area size to calculate.The influence for considering position error, to the transmitting interference source of positioning
Coverage area is estimated；
Step 4：Different strategies, which is executed, in normal operation region and transmitting interference region chooses next-hop node.Just
Node in normal working region is according to node energy, Forwarding Delay, link reliability decision next-hop.When the close hair of routed path
When penetrating interference region, present node can be according to the network-in-dialing degree around current interference region, node energy level and link
Reliability emits interference region using bypass or passes through the strategy of transmitting interference region.
In above-mentioned steps one, the emission maximum radium computing method in node all directions is as follows：
The node that transmitting signal carries out communication capacity assessment is known as transmitting node, and transmitting node chooses a direction as ginseng
Direction is examined, every 22.5 ° of conducts, one sample direction, i.e. node has 16 sample directions, the receipts in each sample direction altogether
Node to transmitting signal is known as sampling node, intensity when signal is reached itself by sampling node and between transmitting node
Distance packaged to ACK message in be sent to transmitting node, transmitting node several includes with regard to that can be received in a certain sample direction
The sample pair of received signal strength indicator and distance, using least-squares estimation to the sample obtained in this direction to march
Line is fitted, and the emission maximum radius in the sample direction can be acquired on curve according to the intensity of received signal to noise ratio SNR, by 16
Emission maximum radius position in sample direction is attached, and the inscribed circle of obtained polygon is the transmitting node estimated
Communication range.
In above-mentioned steps two, the localization method for emitting interference source is as follows：
Emit the node in interference region because communication capacity decays, neighbours' number of connection is reduced, when more than three or more
Node perceived is reduced to neighbours' number, is just estimated the communication range after current attenuation, then by maximum-likelihood method to hair
It penetrates interference source and carries out polygon positioning.
In above-mentioned steps three, the computational methods for emitting interference source coverage area are as follows：
The joint structure Delaunay triangles of the transmitting interference source that positioning is obtained and one jump range, will be dry with transmitting
The communication range for the node that the source of disturbing is connected directly merges, and is covered to the figure after merging using circumscribed circle, and as
The transmitting interference region range of estimation.
It is as follows in normal operation region interior joint next-hop choosing method in above-mentioned steps four：
Node only by compared with oneself from sink closer to neighbor node be added routing table, be selected into the node of routing table by one
A triple (E, D, R) evaluates each performance indicator as next-hop node；E forwards to indicator cost of energy, D to indicator
Time delay, R is characterizing link reliability；The least energy cost of candidate next-hop node is denoted as E in routing tablemin, minimum forwarding
Time delay is denoted as Dmin, maximum link reliability is denoted as Rmax.；The weighted value that node i is chosen as next-hop is(alpha+beta+γ=1) selects the highest node of weighted value in routing table next as forwarding
It jumps.
In above-mentioned steps four, when routed path is close to transmitting interference region, node next-hop choosing method is as follows：
Establish the shortest external ellipse of long axis by short axle of the radius of interference region so that it is external it is oval interference region with
Outer part meets network connectivty requirement, while the energy level of node is not less than the whole network average level, when long axis length not
Under the premise of more than twice short axle, when can set up above-mentioned external oval, when the close transmitting interference region of routed path, outside
It connects the part other than oval removal interference region and chooses forwarding according to the choosing method in normal operation region interior joint next-hop
Node gets around interference region, if the external transverse established is unsatisfactory for beyond twice of short axle or connectivity, node energy
It is required that when, when routed path is close to transmitting interference region, next-hop node, which directly has in interference region, to be chosen, interference region
Interior node can adjust transmission power according to the connection situation inside dump energy and interference region, ensure that routed path can
Pass through interference region.
By using above-mentioned technological means, beneficial effects of the present invention are：Pass through assessment, the transmitting to node communication capacity
The positioning of interference source and the calculating for emitting interference region size, the present invention can effectively improve network in complicated industrial environment
The reliability of middle routing；Forwarder selection in being route under normal scene considers cost of energy, Forwarding Delay and chain
Road reliability, improves the real-time and validity of data forwarding, when considering the influence of transmitting interference, in conjunction with evading interference region
With the routing policy for passing through interference region so that routing mechanism is more flexible, more reliable, is with a wide range of applications.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the communication capacity of inventive sensor node assesses schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that present invention transmitting interference source positions schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that present invention transmitting interferes source region to calculate schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is routing policy schematic diagram one of the present invention towards transmitting interference；
Fig. 5 is routing policy schematic diagram two of the present invention towards transmitting interference.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
A kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards radiation interference, step include：
Step 1：As shown in Figure 1, the communication range estimation of sensor node.Node is using omnidirectional antenna centainly to emit
Power transmission signal assesses the signal attenuation in all directions, to hair after the node reception signal in all directions
Node is sent to send ACK information, which includes received signal strength indicator and the distance between receiving node and transmitting node,
Emission maximum radius of the egress in all directions is calculated based on curve-fitting method so that node can estimate interference source and go out
The decaying communication range after normal communications range and interference source appearance before existing.Emit signal and carries out communication capacity assessment
Node is known as transmitting node, and transmitting node, which is chosen a direction and is used as, refers to direction, every 22.5 ° of conducts, one sample direction,
I.e. node has 16 sample directions altogether.The node for receiving transmitting signal in each sample direction is known as sampling node, samples
It intensity when signal is reached itself by node and is encapsulated into ACK message with the distance between transmitting node and is sent to transmitting section
Point, transmitting node with regard to several samples pair comprising received signal strength indicator and distance can be received in a certain sample direction,
It, can according to the intensity of received signal to noise ratio SNR using least-squares estimation to the sample obtained in this direction to carrying out curve fitting
The emission maximum radius in the sample direction is acquired on curve.By the emission maximum radius position in 16 sample directions
It is attached, the inscribed circle of obtained polygon is the transmitting node communication range estimated.
Step 2：Such as Fig. 2, transmitting interference source positioning.Consider decaying of the transmitting interference source to node communication capacity, does
Disturbing the neighbours' number safeguarded in the neighbor table of node before and after source can be reduced, and the step 1 is used to calculate the section of neighbours' number reduction
Communication range after point decaying positions transmitting interference source based on maximum-likelihood method.Emit interference region in node because
Communication capacity decays, and neighbours' number of connection is reduced, when more than three or more node perceiveds are to the reduction of neighbours' number, just to current
Communication range after decaying is estimated, then carries out polygon positioning to transmitting interference source by maximum-likelihood method.Fig. 2 interior joints
Neighbours' number is reduced in the neighbor table of A1, A2, A3 discovery self maintained, is sent out after calculating present communications range using the step 1
Existing communication capacity weakens, and uses polygon ranging formula
Estimated coordinates (the x of transmitting interference source can be acquiredJ, yJ), constant β.Wherein, (x1, y1) indicate A1 coordinates, (x2, y2)
Indicate A2 coordinates, (x3, y3) indicate A3 coordinates, rh1Communication radius after decaying for A1, rh2Communication radius after decaying for A2, rh3
Communication radius after decaying for A3.When three or more positioning nodes occur and being positioned to transmitting interference source, using greatly seemingly
Right method carries out polygon positioning.
Step 3：Such as Fig. 3, transmitting interference source region calculates.The influence for considering position error, to the transmitting interference source of positioning
Coverage area estimated.Transmitting interference source and the neighbor node of one jump range that positioning obtains are constructed into Delaunay tri-
It is angular, the communication range for the node being connected directly with transmitting interference source is merged, the figure after merging is carried out using circumscribed circle
Covering, and as the transmitting interference region range of estimation.Filled circles indicate a hop neighbor of transmitting interference source, ash in Fig. 3
Color node is the node being connected directly with transmitting interference source after building Delaunay triangles, needs the communication for merging grayed-out nodes
Range covers as the transmitting interference region range estimated the figure after merging using circumscribed circle.
Step 4：Different strategies, which is executed, in normal operation region and transmitting interference region chooses next-hop node.Just
Node in normal working region is according to node energy, Forwarding Delay, link reliability decision next-hop.When the close hair of routed path
When penetrating interference region, present node can be according to the network-in-dialing degree around current interference region, node energy level and link
Reliability emits interference region using bypass or passes through the strategy of transmitting interference region.Normal operation region interior joint only
By compared with oneself from sink closer to neighbor node routing table is added, be selected into the node of routing table by a triple (E, D,
R) each performance indicator of the evaluation as next-hop node；E is to indicator cost of energy, and D is to indicator Forwarding Delay, and R is to table
Levy link reliability；The least energy cost of candidate next-hop node is denoted as E in routing tablemin, minimum Forwarding Delay is denoted as Dmin,
Maximum link reliability is denoted as Rmax.；The weighted value that node i is chosen as next-hop is(α+β
+ γ=1), select in routing table the highest node of weighted value as forwarding next-hop.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, wherein Fig. 4 is detour interference range, and Fig. 5 is to pass through interference range.In the close transmitting of routed path
When interference region, the shortest external ellipse of long axis is established by short axle of the radius of interference region so that external ellipse is in interference range
Part other than domain meets network connectivty requirement, while the energy level of node is not less than the whole network average level.When long axial length
Under the premise of degree is no more than twice of short axle, when can set up above-mentioned external oval, emit interference region when routed path is close,
Part other than external oval removal interference region is according to the choosing method selection in normal operation region interior joint next-hop
Forward node gets around interference region.If the external transverse established exceeds twice of short axle or connectivity, node energy not
When meeting the requirements, when routed path is close to transmitting interference region, next-hop node, which directly has in interference region, to be chosen, interference
Node in region can adjust transmission power according to the connection situation inside dump energy and interference region, ensure routed path
Interference region can be passed through.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference, it is characterised in that：Including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：The communication range of sensor node is estimated
Node emits signal using omnidirectional antenna with maximum transmission power, assesses the signal attenuation in all directions,
ACK information is sent to sending node after node reception signal in all directions, the ACK information includes that received signal strength refers to
Show and the distance between receiving node and transmitting node, egress can be calculated in all directions most based on curve-fitting method
Big transmitting radius so that node can estimate the normal communications range before interference source appearance and the decaying after interference source appearance
Communication range；
Step 2：Emit interference source positioning
Consider decaying of the transmitting interference source to node communication capacity, the neighbours safeguarded in nodes neighbors table before and after interference source occurs
Number can be reduced, and the communication range after the node decaying of neighbours' number reduction is calculated using the step 1, is based on maximum-likelihood method
Transmitting interference source is positioned；
Step 3：Emit interference source area size to calculate
The influence for considering position error, estimates the coverage area of the transmitting interference source of positioning；
Step 4：Different strategies, which is executed, in normal operation region and transmitting interference region chooses next-hop node
Node in normal operation region determines next-hop, works as routed path according to node energy, Forwarding Delay, link reliability
When close to transmitting interference region, present node can be according to the network-in-dialing degree around current interference region, and node energy is horizontal, with
And link reliability, interference region is emitted using bypass or passes through the strategy of transmitting interference region.
2. a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In the step 1, the emission maximum radium computing method in node all directions is as follows：
The node that transmitting signal carries out communication capacity assessment is known as transmitting node, and transmitting node chooses a direction and is used as reference side
To every 22.5 ° of conducts, one sample direction, i.e. node has 16 sample directions, hair is received in each sample direction altogether
The node for penetrating signal is known as sampling node, intensity when signal is reached itself by sampling node and between transmitting node away from
It is sent to transmitting node from being encapsulated into ACK message, transmitting node is several comprising reception with regard to that can be received in a certain sample direction
Signal strength indicates and the sample pair of distance, quasi- to carrying out curve to the sample obtained in this direction using least-squares estimation
It closes, the emission maximum radius in the sample direction can be acquired on curve according to the intensity of received signal to noise ratio SNR, 16 are sampled
Emission maximum radius position on direction is attached, and the inscribed circle of obtained polygon is the transmitting node communication estimated
Range.
3. a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In the step 2, the localization method for emitting interference source is as follows：
Emit the node in interference region because communication capacity decays, neighbours' number of connection is reduced, when more than three or more nodes
The reduction of neighbours' number is perceived, and the communication range after current attenuation is estimated, then is carried out by maximum-likelihood method polygon
Positioning.
4. a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In the step 3, the computational methods for emitting interference source coverage area are as follows：
The joint structure Delaunay triangles of the transmitting interference source that positioning is obtained and one jump range, will be with transmitting interference source
The communication range for the node being connected directly merges, and is covered to the figure after merging using circumscribed circle, and as estimation
Transmitting interference region range.
5. a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：It is as follows in normal operation region interior joint next-hop choosing method in the step 4：
Node only by compared with oneself from sink closer to neighbor node be added routing table, be selected into the node of routing table by a triple
(E, D, R) evaluates each performance indicator as next-hop node；E is to characterize cost of energy, and D is to characterize Forwarding Delay, and R is characterizing
Link reliability；The least energy cost of candidate next-hop node is denoted as E in routing tablemin, minimum Forwarding Delay is denoted as Dmin, most
Big link reliability is denoted as Rmax；The weighted value that node i is chosen as next-hop is
Wherein EiIndicate that present node carries out the energy expenditure that data forwarding will generate, D with node iiIndicate that present node selects node
The Forwarding Delay that i will be generated as next-hop, RiThe communication link reliability of expression connecting node i and present node, α, β,
γ is respectively the weight factor of energy, time delay and link reliability, selects in routing table the highest node of weighted value as forwarding
Next-hop.
6. a kind of industrial wireless sensor network route constructing method towards transmitting interference according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In the step 4, when routed path is close to transmitting interference region, node next-hop choosing method is as follows：
The shortest external ellipse of long axis is established by short axle of the radius of interference region so that external ellipse is other than interference region
Part meets network connectivty requirement, while the energy level of node is not less than the whole network average level, when long axis length is no more than
Under the premise of twice of short axle, when can set up above-mentioned external oval, when the close transmitting interference region of routed path, external ellipse
Forward node is chosen in part other than circle removal interference region according to the choosing method in normal operation region interior joint next-hop,
Interference region is got around, if the external transverse established is unsatisfactory for requiring beyond twice of short axle or connectivity, node energy
When, when routed path is close to transmitting interference region, next-hop node, which directly has in interference region, to be chosen, in interference region
Node can adjust transmission power according to the connection situation inside dump energy and interference region, ensure that routed path can pass through
Interference region.
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