CN105207476B - A kind of high voltage DC transformers and its control method based on capacitance partial pressure structure - Google Patents
A kind of high voltage DC transformers and its control method based on capacitance partial pressure structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105207476B CN105207476B CN201510424268.2A CN201510424268A CN105207476B CN 105207476 B CN105207476 B CN 105207476B CN 201510424268 A CN201510424268 A CN 201510424268A CN 105207476 B CN105207476 B CN 105207476B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high voltage DC transformers and its control method based on capacitance partial pressure structure, high voltage DC transformers include concatenated capacitance group and auxiliary circuit；The concatenated capacitance group includes at least an a derided capacitors C3 and output capacitance C4；The auxiliary circuit includes inductance L3, and switch S3 and switch S6, wherein the both ends of derided capacitors C3 are connected in parallel on after switch S3 and inductance L3 series connection；When switch S3 is disconnected, inductance L3 is connected in parallel on the both ends of output capacitance C4 by switch S6；The both ends high-pressure side parallel connection DC of the both ends parallel connection DC low-pressure side of the output capacitance, derided capacitors C1 and output capacitance C4.The present invention realizes DCDC transformation using the principle of capacitance partial pressure reduced output voltage, the method by controlling each capacitance voltage of closed-loop stabilization, realizes sequence transmitting of the energy between series capacitance, realizes the target of output pressure stabilizing.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to flexible DC transmissions and high voltage direct current to convert research field, in particular to a kind of to be based on capacitance partial pressure
The high voltage DC transformers and its control method of structure.
[background technique]
As energy crisis aggravation and environmental pollution are got worse, it is clear that China is just developing and utilizing renewable energy etc. energetically
Clean energy technology [1].However, as the renewable energy utilizations scale such as wind energy, solar energy is growing, distributed, interval
Property the features such as to realize that extensive new energy access faces electric system peak regulation, power train using traditional AC electric power systems
The various problems such as system safety, power quality.Problem above based on AC network, development DC grid technology have become solution and work as
Preceding extensive renewable energy access, the important channel for meeting energy demand.
Compared with AC network, DC grid is big with transmission power capacity, loss is small, conveying distance is remote, stability is good
The features such as, and have broad application prospects.Limited by the pressure resistance of traditional dcdc converter and capacity, presently, there are direct current
Still Industrial Frequency Transformer is wanted in net to realize to be connected with AC network and carry out voltage transformation and networking, direct current transportation is still as friendship
Stream is transmitted electricity a kind of miscellaneous function, and electrical equipment is not directly used in.In order to adapt in the future directly apply to D.C. high voltage transmission
Electrical equipment, especially to the isolated power systems such as large scale non-grid connected wind-power electricity generation it is necessary to have with exchange isolating transformer function
The similar high voltage of energy, high-power DC/DC direct current transformation device, high voltage direct current is converted into meet the low of electrical equipment demand
Straightening galvanic electricity.Currently, the scheme mainly mainly studied has following three kinds:
(1) devices in series carrys out pressure-bearing；Single IGBT is unable to satisfy the range of DC voltage in non-grid connected wind power Transmission system
It is required that.Studying at present more is directly to be used in series IGBT, can also be reduced while meeting high voltage and requiring entire
The cost of system.Due to the particularity of structure and the error of trigger device, end electricity can be generated in practical application between Tandem devices
The static and unbalanced problem of dynamic is pressed, overvoltage is will lead to and largely effects on the service life of device and the work effect of circuit
Rate damages equipment, causes economic loss.
(2) direct current multi-level converter；Multi-level converter is answered compared with two level converters with switching device voltage
The advantages that power is low, and output ripple is small is suitably applied high-power occasion.Though more level DC converters can bear higher
Input voltage, but with the increase of level number, circuit topology becomes complicated, so that it, which is detected and controlled, also becomes more multiple
It is miscellaneous.
(3) multimode input series connection combined converter.Multiple DC-DC convertor modules are inputted and are connected, output-parallel can
To obtain input series and output parallel (Input-Series Output-Parallel, ISOP) combined converter, ISOP combination
Converter presses (usable low-voltage device) since its module inputs, exports the advantages that equal power, and it is high, defeated to be suitable for input voltage
The big application of voltage low current out.Its disadvantage is also obvious: with the increase of module, the quantity of switching device is also substantially
Increase, device loss increases, and causes unit efficiency not high.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention provides a kind of high voltage DC transformers and its control method based on capacitance partial pressure structure, using capacitor
The principle for dividing reduced output voltage realizes DCDC transformation, and the method by controlling each capacitance voltage of closed-loop stabilization realizes that energy exists
Sequence transmitting between series capacitance, realizes the target of output pressure stabilizing.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure, including concatenated capacitance group and auxiliary circuit；It is described
Concatenated capacitance group includes at least an a derided capacitors C3 and output capacitance C4；The auxiliary circuit includes inductance L3, with
And switch S3 and switch S6, wherein the both ends of derided capacitors C3 are connected in parallel on after switch S3 and inductance L3 series connection；When switch S3 is disconnected
When, inductance L3 is connected in parallel on the both ends of output capacitance C4 by switch S6；The both ends parallel connection DC low-pressure side of the output capacitance, partial pressure
The both ends high-pressure side parallel connection DC of capacitor C1 and output capacitance C4.
The high voltage DC transformers further comprise having central controller, and derided capacitors C3, inductance L3 and switch S3 are constituted
Level-one Capacity control circuit, the Capacity control circuit include PWM voltage-stabilization control system.
The central controller includes power direction discrimination module and capacitance voltage reference value computing module, the power side
To discrimination module by the electric current and voltage value of sampling high-pressure side and low-pressure side, flow of power direction is judged, so that it is determined that voltage
Control strategy, capacitance voltage reference value computing module calculate the given of PWM voltage-stabilizing controller according to determining voltage control strategy
Voltage controls voltage stabilization with this.
The stable duty ratio voltage that the PWM voltage-stabilization control system passes through corresponding two switch conductions of adjusting.
The PWM voltage-stabilization control system independent control of every level-one.
The central controller further comprises having overcurrent, over-voltage, power protection module, by detecting high pressure, low-pressure side
Current Voltage, judge whether be more than given threshold, to export the protection driving signal of switching tube.
Derided capacitors C3, inductance L3, switch S3 and switch S6 form level-one energy circuit, the high voltage DC transformers
Include multilevel energy circuit, be connected in series between multilevel energy circuit, is guaranteed: when power flows to low-pressure side by high-pressure side,
The energy of most upper level capacitor is transported in output capacitance step by step；It, will most bottom one when power flows to high-pressure side by low-pressure side
The energy of grade capacitor is transported on layer capacitance step by step.
A kind of control method of the high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure, comprising the following steps: (1) adopt respectively
Collect the electric current and voltage of high-pressure side and low-pressure side, calculate power direction, however determines selection boosting rectifier control or decompression control；(2)
The high pressure for acquiring power input side, calculates the given voltage of independent PWM voltage-stabilization control system, and PWM voltage-stabilization control system is according to giving
Constant voltage adjusts the duty ratio of corresponding two switch conductions, burning voltage.
In step (2), every level-one electricity is calculated according to the no-load voltage ratio of transformer by the voltage value of sampled power input side
The reference value for holding voltage, is sent to PWM voltage-stabilization control system at different levels, the given voltage as PWM voltage-stabilization control system.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that the present invention using capacitance partial pressure reduced output voltage
Principle realize DCDC transformation, by control each capacitance voltage of closed-loop stabilization method, realize energy between series capacitance
Sequence is transmitted, and realizes the target of output pressure stabilizing.
Every level-one capacitor only needs two switching device cooperations, and structure is simple, and control is simple；Same voltage, under power grade,
Switching device usage quantity is substantially reduced compared with multimode input series and output parallel combined converter structure, so that switch damage
Consumption substantially reduces, and unit efficiency will greatly improve；Since loss reduces, the radiating condition and radiator volume of device will drop
Low, single unit system volume and weight can also greatly reduce.
[Detailed description of the invention]
Fig. 1 is main circuit topology figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is control structure block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is central controller functional block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is main circuit topology modular construction figure of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the low-pressure side input capacitance voltage and high pressure lateral capacitance series connection output voltage of three block coupled in series structures of the invention
Simulation waveform；
Fig. 6 the energy storage inductor electric current, inductance tandem tap tube current of module and is opened in three block coupled in series structures of the invention
Close the simulation waveform of device drive signal.
[specific embodiment]
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
The main circuit that Fig. 1 show a kind of high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure provided by the invention is opened up
It flutters, describes for convenience, (can actually determine series capacitance according to direct current no-load voltage ratio so that four capacitors connect partial-pressure structure as an example
Number) it is illustrated:
A kind of high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure provided by the invention include concatenated capacitance group and auxiliary
Circuit is helped, the capacitance group includes derided capacitors C1, derided capacitors C2, derided capacitors C3 and output capacitance C4；The auxiliary
Circuit includes inductance L1, inductance L2, inductance L3, and switch S1, switch S2, switch S3, switch S4, switch S5, and switch
S6.Wherein, it is connected in parallel on the both ends of capacitor C1 after switch S1 and inductance L1 series connection, is connected in parallel on capacitor after switch S2 and inductance L2 series connection
The both ends of capacitor C3 are connected in parallel on after the both ends of C2, switch S3 and inductance L3 series connection；When switch S1 is disconnected, inductance L1 passes through switch
S4 is connected in parallel on the both ends of derided capacitors C2；When switch S2 is disconnected, inductance L2 is connected in parallel on the two of derided capacitors C3 by switch S5
End；When switch S3 is disconnected, inductance L3 is connected in parallel on the both ends of output capacitance C4 by switch S6；The both ends parallel connection DC of output capacitance
Low-pressure side, the both ends high-pressure side parallel connection DC for the derided capacitors C1 to C4 being cascaded.
Realization principle is as described below:
1) when realizing decompression, power flows to low-pressure side by high-pressure side, is connected by capacitor, makes high side voltage in series electrical
It is divided in appearance, realizes decompression DCDC transformation by one or more capacitor output voltages.If after capacitance partial pressure
The voltage's distribiuting of direct voltage output, C1, C2, C3, C4 will generate variation, due to being connected to load on output capacitance C4, export
Voltage on capacitor C4 will gradually be reduced to zero, and the voltage on derided capacitors C1, C2, C3 can be gradually increasing, thus output capacitance
C4 cannot achieve normal pressure stabilizing output.So needing additional supporting circuitry to maintain the voltage on each capacitor to keep stablizing.Tool
Body realizes that process is as follows:
A. when derided capacitors C1 voltage rises, switch S1 conducting, derided capacitors C1 releases energy to inductance L1, partial pressure electricity
Hold the decline of C1 voltage；
B. switch S1 is disconnected, and switch S4 conducting, inductance L1 electric current is filled by switch S4 afterflow to derided capacitors C2
Electricity, derided capacitors C2 voltage will increase；
C. when derided capacitors C2 voltage rises, switch S2 conducting, partial pressure C2 releases energy to inductance L2, derided capacitors C2 electricity
Drops；
D. switch S2 is disconnected, and switch S5 conducting, inductance L2 electric current passes through switch S5 afterflow, while inductance L2 is to derided capacitors
C3 charging, derided capacitors C3 voltage increase；
E. and so on, until output capacitance C4 is charged by inductance L3, it is restored to initial voltage；
F. from realization process above can be seen that essentially by auxiliary circuit by the energy of most upper level capacitor by
Grade is transported in output capacitance, to maintain the voltage in output capacitance.
2) when realizing boosting, power flows to high-pressure side by low-pressure side, will most bottom level-one by the action of pumping up of auxiliary circuit
Capacitor on energy be transmitted to upper level capacitor step by step, thus maintain series connection after capacitor total voltage it is constant.It implemented
Journey is as follows:
A. switch S6 is connected, and voltage (input voltage) is released energy by switch S6 to inductance L3 on derided capacitors C4, electricity
Inducing current rises；
B. switch S6 is disconnected, and switch S3 conducting, inductance L3 electric current is filled by switch S3 afterflow, inductance L3 to derided capacitors C3
Electricity, derided capacitors C3 voltage increase, the decline of inductance L3 electric current；
C. switch S5 is connected, and derided capacitors C3 is released energy by switch S5 to inductance L2, and inductance L2 electric current rises；
D. switch S5 is disconnected, and switch S2 conducting, inductance L2 is charged by switch S2 to derided capacitors C2, derided capacitors C2 electricity
Pressure is gradually increasing, and inductance L2 electric current is gradually reduced；
E. and so on, until inductance L1 is charged by switch S1 to derided capacitors C1, so that capacitor reaches after series connection
To the high voltage of demand；
F. from realization process above can be seen that essentially by auxiliary circuit by the energy of most bottom level-one capacitor by
Grade carries (pump rises) to upper layer capacitance, to maintain the high voltage exported in series capacitance.
Fig. 2 is a kind of control structure block diagram of high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure of the invention.Specifically
Function is as described below:
1) every level-one capacitor has independent PWM voltage-stabilization control system；
2) central controller judges flow of power direction by the electric current and voltage value of sampling high-pressure side and low-pressure side, from
And it realizes boosting rectifier control strategy and is depressured the switching of control strategy；
3) central controller passes through the voltage value of sampled power input side, according to the no-load voltage ratio that transformer is set, calculates every
The reference value of grade capacitance voltage, and the PWM voltage-stabilization control system of each capacitor is sent to as Voltage Reference；
4) stable duty ratio that every grade of capacitor adjusts corresponding two switch device conductives by PWM voltage-stabilization control system is each
From voltage；
5) after voltage stabilizations at different levels, output voltage will also be stablized.
Fig. 3 is CS central controller (CPU) functional block diagram, and specific functional modules are described below:
1) power direction discrimination module: electric current, voltage by sampling high-pressure side and low-pressure side calculate power direction, from
And the differentiation signal of boosting rectifier control or decompression control is exported, select control model；
2) capacitance voltage reference value computing module: on the basis of power differentiates, needing to set according to user is constant voltage
Operational mode or rated transformation ratio operational mode are calculated stable needed for each capacitor by sampling high pressure or low-pressure side voltage
Voltage as each capacitor independence PWM voltage-stabilizing controller given voltage ref-C1, ref-C2 ... ref-Cn；
3) overcurrent, over-voltage, power protection module: by the Current Voltage of detection high pressure, low-pressure side, judge whether to be more than to set
Threshold value is determined, to export the protection driving signal of switching tube.
Advantages of the present invention:
1) low tension switch device realizes high-voltage applications, the end voltage static state and dynamic generated when devices in series being avoided to apply
Unbalanced problem.Each switching device is solely subjected to correspond to single capacitance voltage in the present invention；
2) topological structure is simple, and every level-one capacitor only needs two switching device cooperations, and control is simple, and because every grade of pressure stabilizing
Module independent control controls high reliablity；
3) same to voltage, under power grade, switched compared with multimode input series and output parallel combined converter structure
Device usage quantity is substantially reduced, so that switching loss substantially reduces, unit efficiency will be greatly improved；
4) since loss reduces, the radiating condition and radiator volume of device will be reduced, single unit system volume and weight
It can also greatly reduce.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure, which is characterized in that the high voltage DC transformers are using electricity
The principle for holding partial pressure reduced output voltage realizes DCDC transformation, realizes energy in series electrical by each capacitance voltage of control closed-loop stabilization
Sequence transmitting between appearance, specifically includes:
Including concatenated capacitance group and auxiliary circuit；
The concatenated capacitance group includes at least an a derided capacitors C3 and output capacitance C4；
The auxiliary circuit includes inductance L3, and switch S3 and switch S6, wherein is connected in parallel on after switch S3 and inductance L3 series connection
The both ends of derided capacitors C3；
When switch S3 is disconnected, inductance L3 is connected in parallel on the both ends of output capacitance C4 by switch S6；
The both ends parallel connection DC low-pressure side of the output capacitance C4, the both ends high-pressure side parallel connection DC of concatenated capacitance group；
When decompression, power flows to low-pressure side by high-pressure side, is connected by capacitor, divides high side voltage in series capacitance,
By one or more capacitor output voltages to realize decompression DCDC transformation, by auxiliary circuit by the energy of most upper level capacitor
Amount is transported in output capacitance step by step, to maintain the voltage in output capacitance；When boosting, power flows to high pressure by low-pressure side
Energy on the most capacitor of bottom level-one is transmitted to upper level capacitor, to tie up by the action of pumping up of auxiliary circuit by side step by step
The total voltage for holding capacitor after connecting is constant, and the energy of most bottom level-one capacitor is transported to upper layer capacitance step by step by auxiliary circuit
On, to tie up
Hold the high voltage exported in series capacitance；
The high voltage DC transformers further comprise having central controller, and derided capacitors C3, inductance L3 and switch S3 constitute level-one
Capacity control circuit, the Capacity control circuit include PWM voltage-stabilization control system；
The central controller includes power direction discrimination module and capacitance voltage reference value computing module, and the power direction is sentenced
Other module judges flow of power direction by the electric current and voltage value of sampling high-pressure side and low-pressure side, so that it is determined that voltage controls
Strategy, capacitance voltage reference value computing module calculate the given electricity of PWM voltage-stabilization control system according to determining voltage control strategy
Pressure, controls voltage stabilization with this；
The stable duty ratio voltage that the PWM voltage-stabilization control system passes through corresponding two switch conductions of adjusting；The PWM of every level-one
Voltage-stabilization control system independent control.
2. a kind of high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Central controller further comprises having overcurrent, over-voltage, power protection module, by the Current Voltage of detection high pressure, low-pressure side, is sentenced
Whether disconnected be more than given threshold, to export the protection driving signal of switching tube.
3. a kind of high voltage DC transformers based on capacitance partial pressure structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: partial pressure
Capacitor C3, inductance L3, switch S3 and switch S6 form level-one energy circuit, and the high voltage DC transformers include multistage energy
Circuit is measured, is connected in series between multilevel energy circuit, is guaranteed:, will most upper level electricity when power flows to low-pressure side by high-pressure side
The energy of appearance is transported in output capacitance step by step；When power flows to high-pressure side by low-pressure side, by the energy of most bottom level-one capacitor
It is transported on layer capacitance step by step.
4. a kind of high voltage DC transformers based on based on capacitance partial pressure structure described in any one of claims 1 to 3
Control method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) respectively acquire high-pressure side and low-pressure side electric current and voltage, calculate power direction, then determine selection boosting rectifier control or
Decompression control；
(2) voltage for acquiring power input side, calculates the given voltage of independent PWM voltage-stabilization control system, PWM voltage-stabilization control system
The duty ratio of corresponding two switch conductions, burning voltage are adjusted according to given voltage.
5. control method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in step (2), pass through sampled power input side
Voltage value calculates the reference value of every level-one capacitance voltage according to the no-load voltage ratio of transformer, is sent to PWM pressure stabilizing control system at different levels
System, the given voltage as PWM voltage-stabilization control system.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105827115B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2019-02-26 | 国网北京市电力公司 | DC voltage booster circuit, step-up method and transformer |
| US10199924B2 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-02-05 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Converter apparatus and method with auxiliary transistor for protecting components at startup |
| CN107612315B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-06-21 | 天津大学 | Two-way switch inductance capacitance DC converter |
| EP4071990A4 (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-01-11 | Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. | Conversion circuit and related electronic device |
| CN114342236A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-04-12 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Conversion circuit and related electronic device |
| CN113037085B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-08-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Multi-port grid-shaped modular multilevel DC converter |
| CN113037081B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-03-22 | 东南大学 | Modular high-voltage transmission ratio direct-current transformer topological structure and control method |
| CN113595366A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-11-02 | 霍煜 | Alternating current-direct current low-loss voltage division driving device and application method |
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