CN105207200B - A kind of unbalanced power network development Coordination Analysis method of power load distributing - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of unbalanced power network development Coordination Analysis method of power load distributing is disclosed, including：(1) load level of given system；(2) distribution coefficient of each load point is determined；(3) according to sharing of load coefficient by sharing of load to each load point；(4) Load flow calculation is carried out to system；(5) judge that branch whether there is overload, be then to perform step (6), otherwise perform step (8)；(6) each load point is adjusted to contribute；(7) K=K+1 is made, judges whether K≤N sets up, is then to perform step (3), otherwise performs step (10)；(8) judge whether there is remaining output in system, be then to perform step (9), otherwise perform step (10)；(9) increase system loading, jump to step (2)；(10) output system total load；(11) system net capability is determined；(12) peak-valley difference of system is asked for；(13) assessment report is formed；(14) terminate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution network planning, and particularly relates to a power grid development coordination analysis method with unbalanced load distribution.
Background
The spatial distribution of the load is related to factors such as industrial structure, industrial characteristics, geographical environment, and the like. Generally, the more economically developed areas have more concentrated load distribution and higher load density, so that the load rate of equipment is higher and the service life is shortened; conversely, the utilization rate of equipment in a region with a small load is low, so that resources are left unused, and the economical efficiency of power grid investment is influenced. In areas with high load density, the requirements on the grid structure are high, and serious accidents in the areas can cause the breakdown of the whole grid. If the load spatial distribution changes, the operation mode of the power grid is required to have stronger adaptability, and the power grid is required to have stronger adaptability.
The unbalanced load distribution of the power grid restricts the transmission capacity of the power grid and the allocation of resources. Therefore, the load requirements of each region need to be coordinated, the power supply capacity of each region needs to be improved, and the coordinated development of the whole power grid is ensured. The spatial distribution of the load has an important influence on the operation mode of the power grid, so that the safe and stable operation of the power grid is influenced, and the spatial balance of the load is an important guarantee for the stable and economic operation of the power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method can effectively evaluate the adaptability of the power grid to the load, and can effectively measure the coordination degree between the power grid and the load, thereby improving the power supply capacity of each region and ensuring the coordinated development of the whole power grid.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the method for analyzing the development coordination of the power grid with unbalanced load distribution comprises the following steps:
(1) The load level of a given system;
(2) Determining the distribution coefficient of each load point;
(3) Distributing the load to each load point according to the load distribution coefficient;
(4) Carrying out load flow calculation on the system;
(5) Judging whether the branch has overload, if so, executing the step (6), otherwise, executing the step (8);
(6) Adjusting the output of each load point;
(7) Enabling K = K +1, judging whether K is equal to or smaller than N, if so, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (10), wherein K represents the cycle number, and K starts from 0; n is the maximum number of cycles set by the system;
(8) Judging whether the system has residual output, if so, executing the step (9), otherwise, executing the step (10);
(9) Increasing the system load, and jumping to the step (2);
(10) Outputting the total load of the system;
(11) Determining the maximum power supply capacity of the system;
(12) Solving the peak-valley difference of the system;
(13) Forming an evaluation report;
(14) And (6) ending.
The method is based on a distribution network load model, the maximum power supply capacity of the system is obtained by carrying out load flow calculation on branches, matching with the adjustment of the output of a generator and the change of different loads, finally the peak-valley difference of the system is determined, and the development coordination of the power grid is analyzed by evaluating the maximum power supply capacity and the peak-valley difference, so that the adaptability of the power grid to the loads can be effectively evaluated, the coordination degree between the power grid and the loads can be effectively measured, the power supply capacity of each area is improved, and the coordinated development of the whole power grid is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for analyzing the development coordination of a power grid with unbalanced load distribution according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a power flow calculation model according to the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a flow chart of step (4) according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the method for analyzing the development coordination of the power grid with unbalanced load distribution includes the following steps:
(1) The load level of a given system;
(2) Determining the distribution coefficient of each load point;
(3) Distributing the load to each load point according to the load distribution coefficient;
(4) Carrying out load flow calculation on the system;
(5) Judging whether the branch has overload, if so, executing the step (6), otherwise, executing the step (8);
(6) Adjusting the output of each load point;
(7) Enabling K = K +1, judging whether K is equal to or smaller than N, if so, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (10), wherein K represents the cycle number, and K starts from 0; n is the maximum number of cycles set by the system;
(8) Judging whether the system has residual output, if so, executing the step (9), otherwise, executing the step (10);
(9) Increasing the system load, and jumping to the step (2);
(10) Outputting the total load of the system;
(11) Determining the maximum power supply capacity of the system;
(12) Solving the peak-valley difference of the system;
(13) Forming an evaluation report;
(14) And (6) ending.
The method is based on a distribution network load model, the maximum power supply capacity of the system is obtained by carrying out load flow calculation on branches, matching with the adjustment of the output of a generator and the change of different loads, finally the peak-valley difference of the system is determined, and the development coordination of the power grid is analyzed by evaluating the maximum power supply capacity and the peak-valley difference, so that the adaptability of the power grid to the loads can be effectively evaluated, the coordination degree between the power grid and the loads can be effectively measured, the power supply capacity of each area is improved, and the coordinated development of the whole power grid is ensured.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the step (4) comprises the following sub-steps:
(4.1) resetting the counter to k =0, and reading in network parameters;
(4.2) initializing the node voltages U n (k) Is the supply voltage;
(4.3) obtaining load equivalent branch admittance according to the load node voltage:
y si ＝S * si /|U ni (k)| 2 ，i∈N S* ,N S forming an admittance matrix Y for all load branch numbers;
(4.4) calculating the voltage vector U of each node according to the formula (7) n (k+1)
Un＝-(AYA T ) -1 AYU S (7)；
(4.5) judgment of | U n (k+1)-U n (k)| max &If yes, executing step (4.6);
otherwise, enabling k = k +1, and returning to the step (4.2);
(4.6) calculating the total load consumed by the distribution area including the power supplied by each load and the line loss powerWherein y is ii Is the element in the ith row and ith column in Y;
(4.7) returning the load flow calculation result U n (k + 1) and S d And then, the process is ended.
Preferably, when the branch overload is determined in step (5), the power of each branch at the load level obtained through the load flow calculation is compared with the maximum transmission power of the branch, where the maximum transmission power greater than the branch is the branch overload, and the maximum transmission power less than the branch is the branch overload.
Preferably, said step (12) comprises the sub-steps of:
(12.1) determining the objective function as a peak-to-valley difference;
(12.2) under the normal operation mode of the system, a corresponding highest load mathematical model is established without considering the shutdown and maintenance of the unit;
(12.3) under the objective function, the constraint condition is that the network power flow equation is satisfied, the power output does not cross the line and the line is not overloaded, and a mathematical model is established according to the formula (1)
Wherein:
d is the actual power supply load;
g ', g and g' are respectively the lowest output, the actual output and the highest output of the power supply;
b-node admittance matrix;
A T -a transposed matrix of the node branch incidence matrix a;
theta-node voltage phase angle;
-branch maximum allowed voltage phase angle;
k max the ratio of the maximum power supply load to the actual power supply load, the maximum load multiple normal system of the power grid satisfies k max ≥1，k max d represents the maximum power supply capacity of the grid, k max The larger the load, the higher the load level, and the stronger the power supply capacity;
(12.4) under the normal operation mode of the system, a corresponding minimum load mathematical model is established without considering the shutdown and maintenance of the unit;
(12.5) because the adjustable output of the power supply is limited, the power grid equipment has certain safety margin, the power supply capacity of the power grid is also limited by a low-load level, and the lowest load accepted by the power grid is a formula (2):
wherein:
k min -the ratio of the minimum supply load to the actual supply load, also called the minimum supply load multiple;
the normal system should satisfy k min ≤1，k min The smaller the grid, the more adaptable the grid to lower load levels;
k min d is the minimum power supply capacity of the power grid;
(12.6) calculating the peak-to-valley difference k according to the model max d-k min d。
Preferably, said step (13) comprises the sub-steps of:
(13.1) solving the maximum power supply load multiple k max The adaptability degree of the power grid to a high load level is embodied, and the higher the value is, the stronger the adaptability of the power grid to the load increase is;
(13.2) solving the minimum power supply load multiple k min The adaptive degree of the power grid to low load is reflected, and the smaller the value is, the more adaptive to the large fluctuation of the load is;
(13.3) the larger the peak-valley difference which can be borne by the system is, the stronger the reliability of the system is, the reference is provided for operation mode arrangement and peak regulation by a power system dispatching department, and the coordination degree of a power grid and a load is reflected by the size of the reference.
A specific example is given below.
The analysis method mainly comprises the following aspects:
1. processing method of load flow calculation model
The flow step (4) of the invention adopts a branch impedance method based on a bus class flow calculation method to carry out flow calculation, and the method has good convergence and simple algorithm and is suitable for weak looped networks and radial distribution networks. And (3) carrying out simplified equivalent calculation on the distribution network line and the load thereof, and establishing a mathematical model as shown in figure 2.
For a distribution network with N nodes and B branches (including distribution branches and equivalent load branches), a matrix A for describing the association properties of the nodes and the branches is a matrix of dimension N multiplied by B, and a node voltage column vector is U n， The branch voltage column vector U and the branch current column vector I may be represented as:
U＝A T U n (3)
AI＝0 (4)
for a power distribution area, the circuit is considered to have no controlled current source, the coupling effect between inductances is small and can be ignored, and the following steps are provided:
I＝Y(U+U S ) (5)
in the formula of U S Is a power supply matrix, Y is a B multiplied by B dimension branch diagonal admittance matrix, and is formed by a distribution network line admittance matrix Y L Node load equivalent admittance matrix Y S And power branch admittance y bb The three parts are as follows:
wherein, Y L And Y S Are all diagonal matrices. Admittance y of ith section distribution line Li ＝1/(R i +jX i )，R i 、X i Respectively the resistance and the reactance of the ith section of distribution line; admittance y of ith equivalent load branch si ＝S * /|U ni (k)| 2 ，S si Is the ith equivalent load, U ni A node voltage at node i; y is bb Is a power supply branch.
From this, a node voltage matrix equation can be derived:
Un＝-(AYA T ) -1 AYU S (7)
the branch power flow algorithm comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The counter is cleared k =0; reading in network parameters and initializing voltage U of each node n (k) Is the supply voltage;
(2) Obtaining load equivalent branch admittance according to the load node voltage:
y si ＝S * si /|U ni (k)| 2 ，i∈N S* ,N S forming an admittance matrix Y for all load branch numbers;
(3) Calculating voltage vector U of each node according to equation (7) n (k+1)；
(4) Determine | U n (k+1)-U n (k)| max &If yes, turning to the step (5); otherwise k = k +1, returning to the step (2);
(5) Calculating the total load consumed by the distribution area (including the power supplied by each load and the line loss power)Wherein y is ii Is the element in the ith row and ith column in Y;
(6) Returning a load flow calculation result U n (k + 1) and S d And exiting.
The flow of the trend algorithm is shown in figure 3.
2. Method for calculating maximum power supply capacity of unbalanced load system
(1) A certain load level is given to a specific system, and the load is distributed to each load point according to a certain load distribution coefficient;
(2) And carrying out load flow calculation to obtain the power of each branch circuit under the load level, comparing the calculated power of the branch circuit with the maximum transmission power of the branch circuit, and checking whether the branch circuit overload condition exists or not. If no branch is overloaded after the test, the overload of the branch begins to appear when the load is large;
(3) Increasing the total load of the system, and repeating the step (1) and the step (2) until the branch overload condition occurs in the system;
(4) When the branch circuit overload occurs in the system, the output of the power supply is required to be readjusted to relieve the overload;
(5) And (4) continuing to increase the total load of the system after the overload of the system disappears, and then performing load flow calculation, wherein when the overload appears in the system and cannot be eliminated after being adjusted for a plurality of times or until no available output exists, the total load of the system is the maximum power supply capacity of the system at the moment.
3. Determining peak-to-valley difference for unbalanced load systems
The steps of determining the peak-to-valley difference of the unbalanced load system are as follows:
(1) Determining a target function, namely a peak-to-valley difference;
(2) Under the normal operation mode of the system, a corresponding highest load mathematical model is established without considering the shutdown and maintenance of the unit;
(3) Under the objective function, the constraint condition is that the network power flow equation is satisfied, and the power output is not highThe maximum load multiple of the power grid is obtained by using a formula (1) without overloading the line crossing and the line, and k is calculated max d；
(4) Under the normal operation mode of the system, a corresponding minimum load mathematical model is established without considering the shutdown and maintenance of the unit;
(5) Because the adjustable output of the power supply is limited, the power grid equipment has certain safety margin, the power supply capacity of the power grid is also limited by the low-load level, the lowest load accepted by the power grid can be represented by the model, the minimum load multiple of the power grid is obtained by using the formula (2), and k is calculated min d；
(6) Calculating the peak-to-valley difference, i.e. k, according to (4) and (5) max d-k min d。
4. And obtaining the power grid development coordination evaluation of load distribution imbalance on the basis of the working content 2 and the working content 3.
The analysis and evaluation of the development coordination of the power grid with unbalanced load distribution mainly comprises the following contents:
(1) Solved maximum power supply load multiple k max The adaptability degree of the power grid to a high load level is embodied, and the higher the value is, the stronger the adaptability of the power grid to the load increase is;
(2) Minimum power supply load multiple k min The adaptive degree of the power grid to low load is reflected, and the smaller the value is, the more the adaptive degree can adapt to the large fluctuation of the load;
(3) The larger the peak-valley difference which can be borne by the system is, the stronger the reliability of the system is, the reference is provided for operation mode arrangement and peak regulation by the power system dispatching department, and the coordination degree of the power grid and the load is reflected by the size of the reference.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A power grid development coordination analysis method with unbalanced load distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The load level of a given system;
(2) Determining the distribution coefficient of each load node;
(3) Distributing the load to each load node according to the load distribution coefficient;
(4) Carrying out load flow calculation on the system;
(5) Judging whether the branch has overload, if so, executing the step (6), otherwise, executing the step (8);
(6) Adjusting the output of each load node;
(7) Enabling K = K +1, judging whether K is equal to or smaller than N, if so, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (10), wherein K represents the cycle number, and K starts from 0; n is the maximum number of cycles set by the system;
(8) Judging whether the system has residual output, if so, executing the step (9), otherwise, executing the step (10);
(9) Increasing the system load, and jumping to the step (2);
(10) Outputting the total load of the system;
(11) Determining the maximum power supply capacity of the system;
(12) Solving the peak-valley difference of the system;
(13) Forming an evaluation report;
(14) And (6) ending.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step (4) comprises the following sub-steps:
(4.1) resetting the counter to k =0, and reading in network parameters;
(4.2) reading the power supply point voltage as the initial voltage U of each node ni (k)；
(4.3) obtaining load equivalent branch admittance according to the load node voltage to form an admittance matrix Y:
y si ＝S * si /|U ni (k)| 2 ，i∈N S
wherein N is S For all load branch numbers, S si * Is the ith equivalent negativeThe apparent power of charge is conjugated;
(4.4) calculating the voltage vector U of each node according to the formula (7) k +1 times of iteration n (k+1)
Un＝-(AYA T ) -1 AYU S (7)；
Wherein A is a node branch incidence matrix, A T Is a transposed matrix, U, of the node branch incidence matrix A S Is a power supply matrix, and Y is a B multiplied by B dimension branch diagonal admittance matrix
(4.5) judgment of | U n (k+1)-U n (k)| max If yes, executing step (4.6); otherwise, enabling k = k +1, and returning to the step (4.2), wherein epsilon is iteration precision;
(4.6) calculating the total load of the power distribution area comprising the power supplied by each load and the line loss power:wherein y is ii Is an element of the ith row and ith column in Y, P d For loading active power, Q d Is the reactive power of the load;
(4.7) returning the load flow calculation result U n (k + 1) and S d And then, the process is ended.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) when the branch overload is judged in the step (5), comparing the power of each branch obtained by load flow calculation at the load level with the maximum power transmission power of the branch, wherein the branch overload exists when the maximum power transmission power of the branch is larger than the maximum power transmission power of the branch, and the branch overload does not exist when the maximum power transmission power of the branch is smaller than the maximum power transmission power of the branch.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step (12) comprises the following sub-steps:
(12.1) determining the objective function as a peak-to-valley difference;
(12.2) under the normal operation mode of the system, a corresponding highest load mathematical model is established without considering the shutdown and maintenance of the unit;
(12.3) under the objective function, the constraint condition is that the network power flow equation is satisfied, the power output does not cross the line and the line is not overloaded, and a mathematical model is established according to the formula (1)
Wherein:
d is the actual power supply load;
g ', g and g' are respectively the lowest output, the actual output and the highest output of the power supply;
b-node admittance matrix;
A T -a transposed matrix of the node branch incidence matrix a;
theta-node voltage phase angle;
-branch maximum allowed voltage phase angle;
k max the ratio of the maximum power supply load to the actual power supply load, the maximum load multiple normal system of the power grid satisfies k max ≥1，k max d represents the maximum power supply capacity of the grid, k max The larger the load, the higher the load level, and the stronger the power supply capacity;
(12.4) under the normal operation mode of the system, a corresponding minimum load mathematical model is established without considering the shutdown and maintenance of the unit;
(12.5) because the adjustable output of the power supply is limited, the power grid equipment has certain safety margin, the power supply capacity of the power grid is also limited by a low-load level, and the lowest load accepted by the power grid is a formula (2):
wherein:
b-node admittance matrix;
theta-node voltage phase angle;
g ', g and g' are respectively the lowest output, the actual output and the highest output of the power supply;
k min -the ratio of the minimum supply load to the actual supply load, also called the minimum supply load multiple; the normal system should satisfy k min ≤1，k min The smaller the grid, the more adaptable the grid to lower load levels;
k min d-minimum power supply capacity of the power grid;
A T -a transposed matrix of the node branch incidence matrix a;
-branch maximum allowed voltage phase angle;
(12.6) calculating the peak-to-valley difference k according to the model max d-k min d。
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step (13) comprises the following sub-steps:
(13.1) solving the maximum power supply load multiple k max The adaptability degree of the power grid to a high load level is embodied, and the higher the value is, the stronger the adaptability of the power grid to the load increase is;
(13.2) solving the minimum power supply load multiple k min The adaptive degree of the power grid to low load is reflected, and the smaller the value is, the more the adaptive degree can adapt to the large fluctuation of the load;
(13.3) the larger the peak-valley difference which can be borne by the system is, the stronger the reliability of the system is, the reference is provided for operation mode arrangement and peak regulation by a power system dispatching department, and the coordination degree of a power grid and a load is reflected by the size of the reference.
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| 配电网发展协调性评估;叶彬等;《电力系统及其自动化学报》;20121031;第24卷(第5期);第154-160页 * |
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