CN105207196B - A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness - Google Patents
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness, includes the following steps：1) analysis abbreviation, is carried out to given topological structure of electric, unit Injection Current source, each branch current being induced by it is added between each generator node, load bus and reference mode respectively.2) the electrical betweenness part of each branch, is calculated to each branch current required by amount of capacity and step 1 according to each generator, load bus.3) it, calculates current electric grid operation trend and obtains each circuit effective power flow coefficient in conjunction with each branch effective power flow operational limit.4) each branch effective power flow betweenness, is calculated according to step 2) and step 3), and is arranged from big to small by its value, power grid critical circuits are obtained.The present invention is conducive to system operation staff and makes accurate judgement in time, and takes certain measure, ensures the operation stability of system.
Description
Technical field
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness of the present invention, is related to field of power.
Background technology
The multiple massive blackout accident occurred in world wide in recent years causes more and more concerns.These accidents
The have a power failure on a large scale safe operation of prevention and electric system of occuring as beaten alarm bell.Analysis shows the generation having a power failure on a large scale is mostly
Since one or several failures for being currently running element cause large-scale power flow transfer, part circuit overload is caused to trip, into
And causing cascading failure, the system that eventually leads to is run quickly routed.In fact, at power flow transfer initial stage, wherein only a few plays a crucial role
Circuit plays more main effect to accident.Electric system is a complicated nonlinear system, how system by
These critical circuits are timely found after to disturbance, and there is important application study to be worth.
Complex network is equally being applied to electric system as the theory of analysis large-scale internetwork.Based on traditional
Complex Networks Theory thinks high betweenness node using the betweenness on the road of node sum as the critical foundation in the road of decision node sum
It is the fragile link in power grid with circuit.But power is only transmitted by most short electrical path between assuming that node here, is had ignored
The effect in other paths in power transmission is not consistent with the physical characteristics of electric power system tide transmission.For more science, conjunction
Reason ground shows key effect of the critical circuits in power grid, and the factor by various influence line security operations is needed to take into account.
It should include contribution degree of the transmission line of electricity between each generation load node pair in power transmission, different generation load sections in evaluation index
The limitation of point transmission line capability, it is also contemplated that.Therefore, for avoid electric system occur large-scale blackout generation, it is necessary to establish more
Accurately, comprehensive circuit on power system operation risk assessment system, in time adopts an effective measure to critical circuits, ensures system more
Add and safely and steadily runs.
Invention content
In order to overcome the shortcomings of in previous various critical circuits identification evaluation systems, the present invention proposes a kind of based on active
The power grid critical circuits discrimination method of trend betweenness has fully considered the contribution in power transmission between each generation load node pair
The factor of degree, the limitation of different generation load node transmission line capabilities and each Transmission Lines limit；It can be accurate much sooner
Critical circuits in true judgement system, the stable operation of safeguards system.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness,
Step 1：Analysis abbreviation is carried out to given topological structure of electric, respectively in each generator node, load bus and ginseng
It examines and unit Injection Current source, each branch current being induced by it is added between node；
Step 2：According to each generator node, load bus to amount of capacity, current electric grid operation trend and each branch have
Work(trend operational limit calculates each evaluation index in evaluation system；Including electrical betweenness index Kij, effective power flow coefficient index
δij, effective power flow betweenness index Fij。
Step 3：According to the index grade of setting, operation reliability evaluation is carried out to each circuit of power grid.
The electrical betweenness index KijOn the basis of standard betweenness, and each generator-load bus pair is considered
Weight, each generator-load bus on direction of tide influence；So that coming from different generator-loads on a circuit
The trend of node pair can have the phenomenon that being overlapped mutually counteracting, simply with circuit by different generator-load bus to passing through
Number, come weigh its importance be do not meet system operation physics it is actual；KijValue is bigger, illustrates the circuit in a network
Carry more important role in energy transport, i.e. importance in structure is bigger.
The effective power flow coefficient index δijThe intuitive use feelings for showing power grid circuit (i, j) in the current state of operation
Condition, value is bigger, illustrates that this line load is heavier；Under a determining power system operating mode, electrical Jie of a circuit
Number part is fixed, if Line Flow is bigger at this time, and closer to the transmission limit of circuit, illustrates this circuit in power grid
In the effect that undertakes it is bigger；As shown below, the electrical betweenness Yu trend betweenness of circuit 1 are minimum, therefore, in a network
Minimum is also answered in the effect undertaken, it is considered to be insignificant circuit；Although circuit 2 is identical as the electrical betweenness of circuit 3, circuit 3
Trend coefficient be 0.8, be saturated close to circuit effective power flow, if trend continues growing, just there is that surmount circuit transmission limit dangerous；
Compared to circuit 3, the trend coefficient of circuit 2 is 0.5, also very big allowance；Therefore here it is considered that effect of the circuit 3 in power grid is wanted
Higher than circuit 2；Electrical betweenness and trend betweenness relational graph as shown a plurality of circuit in Figure of description 4.
The effective power flow betweenness index FijCombine electrical betweenness index KijWith effective power flow coefficient index δij, more
Accurately, the significance level of critical circuits, F are comprehensively reflectedijValue is bigger, illustrates what respective lines (i, j) undertook in systems
Effect is bigger.
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Analysis abbreviation is carried out to given topological structure of electric, respectively in each generator node, load bus and ginseng
It examines and unit Injection Current source, each branch current I being induced by it is added between nodeij(m,n)；Iij(m, n) is to generate electricity
Machine-load bus injects after unit current source the electric current for flowing through circuit ij between (m, n).
Step 2：According to each generator node, load bus to amount of capacity, current electric grid operation trend and each branch have
Work(trend operational limit calculates each evaluation index in the evaluation system；Including electrical betweenness index, effective power flow coefficient index
And effective power flow betweenness index.
Wherein, electrical betweenness indexIt is again comprehensive on the basis of standard betweenness
Close consider each generator-load bus on weight, each generator-load bus on direction of tide influence；This makes
The trend from different generator-load bus pair can have the phenomenon that being overlapped mutually counteracting on one circuit, simply with line
Road by different generator-load bus to by number come weigh its importance be do not meet system operation physics it is practical
's；KijValue is bigger, illustrates that the circuit carries more important role in energy transport in a network, i.e., important in structure
Property is bigger；
Effective power flow coefficient indexPijFor the practical active power of circuit (i, j), PijmaxFor circuit (i, j)
The active power transfer limit；δijThe intuitive service condition for showing power grid circuit (i, j) in the current state of operation, value are got over
Greatly, illustrate that this line load is heavier；Under a determining power system operating mode, the electrical betweenness part of a circuit is solid
Fixed, if Line Flow is bigger at this time, and closer to the transmission limit of circuit, illustrate the work that this circuit undertakes in power grid
With bigger；
Effective power flow betweenness index Fij=δijKij, effective power flow betweenness index FijCombine electrical betweenness index and active
Trend coefficient index more accurately, comprehensively reflects the significance level of critical circuits；FijValue it is bigger, illustrate respective lines (i,
J) effect undertaken in systems is bigger, once it goes wrong, the disturbance that system is subject to is inevitable very big, to system operation
Stability can be also greatly affected.
Step 3：According to the index grade of setting, operation reliability evaluation is carried out to each circuit of power grid.
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness of the present invention, not only allows for circuit in power grid
In structural consequences from different power generation-load bus to the superposition of power transmission on the line, herein in connection with transmission line of electricity
The limitation of operating status and transmission capacity has quantified electric system using the combination of electrical betweenness index and trend betweenness index
In significance level of each circuit in power grid.Meanwhile verifying critical circuits identification result using system power transmission efficiency index
Demonstrate the key position of high effective power flow betweenness circuit in systems.This method has fully demonstrated transmission line of electricity and has respectively been sent out in power grid
The degree being utilized in power transmission between electric load node pair is commented using more reasonable, accurate critical circuits identifying index
Estimate the critical circuits in system.Relatively reliable system operation reliability evaluation system is established, system wind is carried out for operations staff
Danger control.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows power grid critical circuits identification flow diagram proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows IEEE-39 node system figures.
Power transmission efficiency variation diagram after Fig. 3 shows system under fire.
The electrical betweenness and trend betweenness relational graph of a plurality of circuit are shown in Fig. 4.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Analysis abbreviation is carried out to given topological structure of electric, respectively in each generator node, load bus and ginseng
It examines and unit Injection Current source, each branch current being induced by it is added between node；
Step 2：According to each generator node, load bus to amount of capacity, current electric grid operation trend and each branch have
Work(trend operational limit calculates each evaluation index in evaluation system；Including electrical betweenness index Kij, effective power flow coefficient index
δij, effective power flow betweenness index Fij。
Step 3：According to the index grade of setting, operation reliability evaluation is carried out to each circuit of power grid.
The electrical betweenness index KijOn the basis of standard betweenness, and each generator-load bus pair is considered
Weight, each generator-load bus on direction of tide influence；So that coming from different generator-loads on a circuit
The trend of node pair can have the phenomenon that being overlapped mutually counteracting, simply with circuit by different generator-load bus to passing through
Number, come weigh its importance be do not meet system operation physics it is actual；KijValue is bigger, illustrates the circuit in a network
Carry more important role in energy transport, i.e. importance in structure is bigger.
The effective power flow coefficient index δijThe intuitive use feelings for showing power grid circuit (i, j) in the current state of operation
Condition, value is bigger, illustrates that this line load is heavier；Under a determining power system operating mode, electrical Jie of a circuit
Number part is fixed, if Line Flow is bigger at this time, and closer to the transmission limit of circuit, illustrates this circuit in power grid
In the effect that undertakes it is bigger；As shown below, the electrical betweenness Yu trend betweenness of circuit 1 are minimum, therefore, in a network
Minimum is also answered in the effect undertaken, it is considered to be insignificant circuit；Although circuit 2 is identical as the electrical betweenness of circuit 3, circuit 3
Trend coefficient be 0.8, be saturated close to circuit effective power flow, if trend continues growing, just there is that surmount circuit transmission limit dangerous；
Compared to circuit 3, the trend coefficient of circuit 2 is 0.5, also very big allowance；Therefore here it is considered that effect of the circuit 3 in power grid is wanted
Higher than circuit 2；Electrical betweenness and trend betweenness relational graph as shown a plurality of circuit in Figure of description 4.
The effective power flow betweenness index FijCombine electrical betweenness index KijWith effective power flow coefficient index δij, more
Accurately, the significance level of critical circuits, F are comprehensively reflectedijValue is bigger, illustrates what respective lines (i, j) undertook in systems
Effect is bigger.
A kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Analysis abbreviation is carried out to given topological structure of electric, respectively in each generator node, load bus and ginseng
It examines and unit Injection Current source, each branch current I being induced by it is added between nodeij(m,n)；Iij(m, n) is to generate electricity
Machine-load bus injects after unit current source the electric current for flowing through circuit ij between (m, n).
Step 2：According to each generator node, load bus to amount of capacity, current electric grid operation trend and each branch have
Work(trend operational limit calculates each evaluation index in the evaluation system；Including electrical betweenness index, effective power flow coefficient index
And effective power flow betweenness index.
Wherein, electrical betweenness indexIt is again comprehensive on the basis of standard betweenness
Close consider each generator-load bus on weight, each generator-load bus on direction of tide influence；This makes
The trend from different generator-load bus pair can have the phenomenon that being overlapped mutually counteracting on one circuit, simply with line
Road by different generator-load bus to by number come weigh its importance be do not meet system operation physics it is practical
's；KijValue is bigger, illustrates that the circuit carries more important role in energy transport in a network, i.e., important in structure
Property is bigger；
Effective power flow coefficient indexPijFor the practical active power of circuit (i, j), PijmaxFor circuit (i, j)
The active power transfer limit；δijThe intuitive service condition for showing power grid circuit (i, j) in the current state of operation, value are got over
Greatly, illustrate that this line load is heavier；Under a determining power system operating mode, the electrical betweenness part of a circuit is solid
Fixed, if Line Flow is bigger at this time, and closer to the transmission limit of circuit, illustrate the work that this circuit undertakes in power grid
With bigger；
Effective power flow betweenness index Fij=δijKij, effective power flow betweenness index FijCombine electrical betweenness index and active
Trend coefficient index more accurately, comprehensively reflects the significance level of critical circuits；FijValue it is bigger, illustrate respective lines (i,
J) effect undertaken in systems is bigger, once it goes wrong, the disturbance that system is subject to is inevitable very big, to system operation
Stability can be also greatly affected.
Step 3：According to the index grade of setting, operation reliability evaluation is carried out to each circuit of power grid.
Embodiment：
As shown in Figure 1, using IEEE-39 node systems as simulation object, closed using each evaluation index identification power grid
Key circuit, thus into row line operation risk assessment.
Step 1：Analysis abbreviation is carried out to given topological structure of electric, a contact node is used as with reference to section in selecting system
Unit Injection Current source is added in point between each generator node, load bus and reference mode respectively, and what is be induced by it is each
Branch current Iij(m,n)。Iij(m, n) is to flow through circuit after generator-load bus injects unit current source between (m, n)
The electric current of ij.It is calculated for ease of simplifying, using the additive property of linear circuit, it is reference mode to choose a certain node in network, point
Unit current source is not accessed between remaining each node and reference mode, obtains its electric current generated on each branch road, right back-pushed-type
(1) the case where obtaining between each generator-load bus pair plus unit Injection Current source.
Iij(m, n)=Ii(m,n)-Ij(m,n) (1)
Wherein, Ii(m, n) is accessed after unit current source between i-th of generator node and reference mode in (m, n) branch
The electric current of generation, Ij(m, n) is generated after accessing unit current source between j-th of load bus and reference mode in (m, n) branch
Electric current.
Step 2：Each branch current meter obtained with step 1 using the amount of capacity of each generator node and load bus pair
Calculate the electrical betweenness K of each branchij, whereinHere electrical betweenness is situated between in standard
The weight of each generator-load bus pair, the trend side of each generator-load bus pair are considered again on the basis of number
Tropism influences.This makes the trend for coming from different generator-load bus pair on a circuit can exist to be overlapped mutually counteracting
Phenomenon.KijValue is bigger, illustrates that the circuit carries more important role, i.e. weight in structure in energy transport in a network
The property wanted is bigger.
Step 3：Each circuit effective power flow is calculated according to system current operating conditions and each circuit effective power flow transmission limit
Coefficient index δij, whereinExpression formula is it will be understood that it intuitively shows power grid line in the current state of operation
The service condition on road (i, j), value is bigger, illustrates that this line load is heavier.Under a determining power system operating mode, one
The electrical betweenness part of circuit is fixed, if Line Flow is bigger at this time, and closer to the transmission limit of circuit, explanation
The effect that this circuit undertakes in power grid is bigger.
Step 4：Calculate each circuit effective power flow betweenness index of power grid.Effective power flow betweenness index Fij=δijKij, active tide
Flow betweenness index FijElectrical betweenness index and effective power flow coefficient index are combined, more accurately, comprehensively reflects key lines
The significance level on road.FijValue is bigger, illustrates that the effect that respective lines (i, j) undertake in systems is bigger, once it goes wrong,
The disturbance that system is subject to is inevitable very big, can be also greatly affected to the stability of system operation.Table 1 lists IEEE-39
Node system effective power flow betweenness comes preceding 15 circuits and its effective power flow betweenness.
1 critical circuits betweenness index of table and its on transmission line of electricity influence
First, circuit 16-17 is considered as the most important circuit of the system.From the point of view of the topological angle of system, circuit 16-
17, which be unit 33~36, keeps the core hinge of connectivity with other units, the disconnection of this circuit can make whole system off-the-line at
Two large-scale isolated islands, while the power of the line transmission is also higher, therefore be considered as most important circuit.Context of methods
Think that the critical circuits in system should not only occupy very important position on the topology, but also it is carried on circuit
Trend also should be larger.The disconnection of these circuits can lead to large-scale power flow transfer.So being arranged in the critical circuits picked out
There are 6 be connected with generator at first 10.It is said from system structure angle, their undertaken transmitting effects are general, but they are
On important power transfer passage, disconnection will certainly cause larger power flow transfer, therefore herein also will be outside generator
It takes into account on line sending road.Wherein circuit 29-38,20-34 comes 2,3, their effective power flow betweenness is respectively 1777.828,
1767.38, from real data, the trend coefficient δ on this two lines roadijAbout 0.35, and it is other with generator phase line
Road is below 0.3.It can be seen that this model can not only reflect importance of the critical circuits on topological structure of electric, also
It can reflect the operating status of power grid, thus more reasonability.
Step 5：Validation verification is carried out to the critical circuits picked out using power transmission efficiency index.Its expression formula is：In formula, P'ΣFor total system every time it is under attack after load level, PΣIt is horizontal for the under fire preceding total load of system.
As a comparison, significance level of the high effective power flow betweenness circuit in power grid is verified using three kinds of attack patterns.
1), random attack：One circuit of attack, attack 15 times obtain system power transmission efficiency curve at random every time.
2), it is based on the static continuous attack of electrical betweenness.From high in the end, the highest circuit of electrical betweenness is attacked successively,
Continuous attack 15 times, obtains grid power transmission efficiency curve.
3), it is based on the static continuous attack of effective power flow betweenness.Ibid, first to each circuit effective power flow betweenness of power grid into
Row sequence, then attacks the highest circuit of effective power flow betweenness, observing system power transmission efficiency situation successively.
The power transmission efficiency of system is as shown in Figure 3 under three kinds of attack patterns.From the system power transmission efficiency under three kinds of attack patterns
As can be seen that the static attack based on effective power flow betweenness can make the power transmission efficiency reduction of system most fast, in the 6th article of transmission of electricity of attack
After circuit, system power transmission efficiency 80% hereinafter, with attack progress, system power balance is quickly broken, in fast
Fast linear decrease trend.Although the static attack attack effect based on electrical betweenness is also obvious, its power transmission efficiency successively decreases
Speed is slightly slow compared with the attack of effective power flow betweenness, just drops to 80% after attacking to the 11st step.Due to system robustness, with
Under machine attack, the impacted speed of system power transmission efficiency is slower, and degree is also smaller, and 90% or more can also be kept before 10 steps.By
This can be seen that the circuit of high effective power flow betweenness in systems in occupation of even more important position, when its is under attack, system
By being influenced to become apparent.Thus validity of the model in identification system critical circuits is illustrated.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on effective power flow betweenness, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Analysis abbreviation is carried out to given topological structure of electric, respectively in each generator node, load bus and reference node
Unit Injection Current source, each branch current being induced by it are added between point；
Step 2：According to each generator node, load bus to amount of capacity, current electric grid runs trend and the active tide of each branch
Operational limit is flowed, each evaluation index in evaluation system is calculated；Including electrical betweenness index Kij, effective power flow coefficient index δij, have
Work(trend betweenness index Fij；
Step 3：According to the index grade of setting, operation reliability evaluation is carried out to each circuit of power grid；
The electrical betweenness index KijOn the basis of standard betweenness, and the power of each generator-load bus pair is considered
Weight, each generator-load bus on direction of tide influence；So that coming from different generator-load bus on a circuit
To trend can exist be overlapped mutually counteracting the phenomenon that, simply with circuit by different generator-load bus to by time
Number, come weigh its importance be do not meet system operation physics it is actual；KijValue is bigger, illustrates circuit energy in a network
Carry more important role in transmission process, i.e. importance in structure is bigger；
The effective power flow coefficient index δijThe intuitive service condition for showing power grid circuit (i, j) in the current state of operation,
Its value is bigger, illustrates that this line load is heavier；Under a determining power system operating mode, the electrical betweenness portion of a circuit
It is fixed to divide, if Line Flow is bigger at this time, and closer to the transmission limit of circuit, illustrates that this circuit is held in power grid
The effect of load is bigger；
The effective power flow betweenness index FijCombine electrical betweenness index KijWith effective power flow coefficient index δij, more accurately,
The comprehensive significance level for reflecting critical circuits, FijValue is bigger, illustrates that the effect that respective lines (i, j) undertake in systems is got over
Greatly；It is as follows：
Step 1：Analysis abbreviation is carried out to given topological structure of electric, respectively in each generator node, load bus and reference node
Unit Injection Current source, each branch current I being induced by it are added between pointij(m,n)；Iij(m, n) is negative in generator-
Lotus node injects after unit current source the electric current for flowing through circuit (i, j) between (m, n)；
Step 2：According to each generator node, load bus to amount of capacity, current electric grid runs trend and the active tide of each branch
It flows operational limit and calculates each evaluation index in the evaluation system；Including electrical betweenness index, effective power flow coefficient index and have
Work(trend betweenness index；
Wherein, electrical betweenness indexSynthesis is examined again on the basis of standard betweenness for it
Considered each generator-load bus on weight, each generator-load bus on direction of tide influence；This makes one
The trend from different generator-load bus pair can have the phenomenon that being overlapped mutually counteracting on circuit, simply with circuit quilt
Different generator-load bus to by number come weigh its importance be do not meet system operation physics it is actual；Kij
Value is bigger, illustrates that the circuit carries more important role in energy transport in a network, i.e. importance in structure is got over
Greatly；
Effective power flow coefficient indexPijFor the practical active power of circuit (i, j), PijmaxFor having for circuit (i, j)
The work(power transmission limit；δijThe intuitive service condition for showing power grid circuit (i, j) in the current state of operation, value is bigger,
Illustrate that this line load is heavier；Under a determining power system operating mode, the electrical betweenness part of a circuit is fixed
, if Line Flow is bigger at this time, and closer to the transmission limit of circuit, illustrate the effect that this circuit undertakes in power grid
It is bigger；
Effective power flow betweenness index Fij=δijKij, effective power flow betweenness index FijCombine electrical betweenness index and effective power flow
Coefficient index more accurately, comprehensively reflects the significance level of critical circuits；FijValue is bigger, illustrates that respective lines (i, j) exist
The effect undertaken in system is bigger, once it goes wrong, the disturbance that system is subject to is inevitable very big, to the stabilization of system operation
Property can be also greatly affected；
Step 3：According to the index grade of setting, operation reliability evaluation is carried out to each circuit of power grid.
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| CN106410788B (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-10-16 | 国网湖北省电力公司 | Power grid critical circuits discrimination method based on transmission betweenness |
| CN106998064B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2019-05-10 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of cascading failure fault chains searching method |
| CN107423921B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-08-18 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Power grid operation risk analysis method based on subdivision theory |
| CN111092453B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2023-04-07 | 南京工程学院 | Power grid key line identification method for multipoint access photovoltaic power supply |
| CN112234623B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-07-19 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | Advanced control-oriented dynamic load grading method and system |
| CN112165093B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-03-01 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Core bottom-protecting net rack construction method and system based on large power grid |
| CN113505457B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-12-06 | 广西大学 | Power grid operation limit determination method and system |
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