A kind of trough of belt takes out the optimum design method of shell mold plate
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mechanical design, are related to a kind of design method with groove mechanism, more specifically relate to
And a kind of cannon trough of belt takes out the optimum design method of shell mold plate.
Background technology
Breech mechanism is one of main member of artillery gun body, and bore is latched when its main function is Canon launching, is hit
Cylindrantherae is extracted out after hair canon primer and transmitting.After shell transmitting, very big impulse force is generated to back seat, Chou Ke mechanisms play buffering and make
With the energy of shock being absorbed as far as possible, to reduce the destruction that impact force generates breech mechanism.Chou Ke mechanisms include cartridge extractor,
Rocking arm takes out shell mold plate etc..
In the development process of novel cannon, rule of thumb formula takes out shell mold plate to design for most of producers so that takes out shell
Template size and weight are all larger, and bearing capacity is much larger than the bearing capacity of actual needs.This method has narrow application range, divides
Analysis precision is low and calculates overly conservative the defects of leading to structure bulky.If for the pumping of complicated, new material or new process
Shell mold plate, then error is larger for this method, and the trial-production number of physical prototyping is more, largely waste the time, energy and
Fund.Lightweight is one of developing direction of cannon and the vital task of its structure design.One of cannon light-weight design
Important method is exactly structure optimization.
With the development of value theory and computer technology, FInite Element has been widely used for the optimization of Artillery
In design.Journal of System Simulation the 20th phase of volume 21 in 2009 delivers, by Zhu Sunke, what horse greatly etc. was write《Based on dynamics
The warship canon base construction topology optimization design of emulation》Disclose warship canon pedestal has been carried out using finite element simulation technology it is topological excellent
Change design.Some patents of invention also disclose the structure optimization that part is carried out using FInite Element, such as authorized
The patent of invention of ZL201210140087.3 discloses a kind of ship windlass engine base optimum design method;
The patent of invention of ZL201010154892.2 discloses a kind of optimization design method for sedan seat back side plate.However, for tool
There is a pumping shell mold plate that bradyseism is rushed in suction, how in conceptual phase to determine optimum topology structure, and determine in detailed design phase
Its slot gap, thickness, absorb Impact energy to greatest extent to meet, and with some strength and the most light pumping shell mold of weight
The designing technique of harden structure has not been reported.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to overcome to take out defect and deficiency present in the design at present of shell mold plate, provide it is a kind of can be most
Big inhale eats up part of shake, and meet intensity, the optimum design method of the most light pumping shell mold plate of weight.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution is used by the present invention realizes purpose:
A kind of trough of belt takes out the optimum design method of shell mold plate, includes the following steps:
The first step:According to the basic design parameters for taking out shell mold plate, determine to take out shell mold plate appearance and size, establish the pumping shell mold
Plate threedimensional model;
Second step:The solid finite element model of shell mold plate is taken out according to three-dimension modeling, and in 3D solid
Building topology Optimized model on the basis of finite element model carries out topology optimization design under load behavior;
Third walks:According to topology optimization design as a result, establishing the pumping shell mold plate threedimensional model after optimization after rounding, will optimize
The top junction cut-out of structure afterwards, then form left and right two parts cantilever design, and top loaded state is pulsating cyclic pressure changeable;
The finite element model after taking out the cut-out of shell mold plate top junction is established, setting section is non-contact, applies one in load situation
A forced displacement U1, and equivalent stress-displacement curve of maximum stress point is drawn, stress value is taken to take out shell mold plate material σ0b's
Displacement when 90% is takes out shell mold plate fluting gap U0σ0bPulsating cyclic fatigue limit intensity during for material bending;
4th step:It is U to establish fluting gap0Finite element model, set left fluting face for contact interarea, right fluting face is
Contact time face applies forced displacement U in load situation2, equivalent stress-displacement curve of maximum stress point is obtained, takes stress value
The energy that shell mold plate absorbs then is taken out in displacement and power, drafting force-displacement curve when reaching take out shell mold plate material yield strength 90%
AmountIn formula, k1、k2The respectively slope of the two lines section of force-displacement curve middle polyline,
s1、s2It is the corresponding shift value of terminal point of two lines section respectively, s is the displacement for taking out shell mold plate maximum stress point, and b is second
The intercept of line segment;
5th step:Compare and take out the size that shell mold plate absorbs the E that does work when energy W takes out shell with Chou Ke mechanisms.As W >=E, then
Design terminates;As W≤E, then it will take out shell mold plate thickness and take 9 class values, establish finite element contact model respectively, return to the 4th step,
The relationship that shell mold harden structure absorbs energy W and thickness δ of taking out is found out, obtains thickness coefficient δ0, and release function expression
6th step:According to above-mentioned energy W and thickness δ functional relations, it is known that do work E during Chou Ke mechanisms pumping shell, calculates
Obtaining needs the thickness value δ of modelm, determine it is final take out shell mold Slab, i.e., this being configured as actual entities, to take out shell mold hardened
Structure.
Wherein, the unit of the solid finite element model described in second step uses hexahedron, design section thickness direction
At least set 8 layers;The loaded area of the solid finite element model is constrained, and using multiple spot movement switching node in multiple spot
Apply forced displacement on movement switching node, and constrain the six-freedom degree of all nodes in solid finite element model bottom surface.
Wherein, design object is that volume fraction minimizes in the topological optimization model described in second step, bound variable Von
Mises is less than allowable stress [σ], and setting draft direction is the thickness direction for taking out shell mold Slab, and minimum dimension is unit size
2 to 3 times, pedestal is set as Non-design region, and it is design section to take out shell mold plate upper part.
Wherein, third walks the part within removal unit puppet density 0.3 in the topological optimization result, according to remaining part
The best Path of Force Transfer for taking out shell mold plate is found out, determines preferred embodiment;
Wherein, section is to go out the position of two parts reinforcing rib contact in topological optimization, and build after third walks the optimization
Its non-contact models, setting section are non-contact.
Wherein, the mode slotted described in the 4th step is along section, and level removes to the right material, among left and right strengthening ribs
Form a long U0Gap, establish its finite element model, set left fluting face for contact interarea, right fluting face for contact time
Face, obtained power are nonlinear with displacement curve.
The advantages of the present invention:
The present invention is the technical solution being combined based on the structure optimization of FInite Element with numerical analysis, in conceptual design rank
The determining optimum topology structure of section, and in detailed design phase its slot gap, thickness is determined according to energy is absorbed, to ensure topology
The pumping shell mold harden structure that structure is best, weight is most light.It is compared with traditional design, weight can mitigate under the premise of intensity is met
30% or so.
The present invention is utilized in the scheme and existing structure ratio of structure centre fluting after optimization, can absorb to greatest extent
Impact force, damping property is high, and impact is small, so as to improve the operation stability for taking out shell systems.The optimum design method can also be used for it
His trough of belt is to inhale the product structure design of punching.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the pumping shell mold plate optimum design method of the embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the 3D solid of the pumping shell mold plate of the embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the pumping shell mold plate solid finite element model of the embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is the pumping shell mold plate topological optimization result schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 5 is the forced displacement U of the embodiment of the present invention1During=0.0025m, equivalent stress-displacement curve of model,
Fig. 6 is that the pumping shell mold plate of the embodiment of the present invention determines fluting gap U0Solid finite element model schematic,
Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 models in forced displacement U2During=0.0025m, the force-displacement curve of model,
Fig. 8 is the W- δ curves of 9 groups of different-thickness of the embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 9 is a kind of pumping shell mold plate 3D solid schematic diagram after the optimization of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it is right
The present invention is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the present invention.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined all terms that the present invention uses are (including technology
Term and scientific terminology) there is the meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.
When the meaning of heretofore described " left and right " refers to reader's face attached drawing, the left side of reader is a left side,
The right of reader is the right rather than specific restriction to the device of the invention mechanism.
Referring to Fig. 1, the basic design parameters of shell mold plate are taken out according to cannon, determine to take out shell mold plate appearance and size, described in foundation
Take out shell mold plate threedimensional model.
The solid finite element model and topological optimization model for taking out shell mold plate is established, is supported under load behavior
Topology optimization design.Wherein, the unit of finite element model uses hexahedron, and design section thickness direction at least sets 8 layers;It is limited
The top loaded area of meta-model applies load using multiple spot movement switching node constraint on multiple spot movement switching node,
And the six-freedom degree of the constraint all nodes in solid finite element model bottom surface;Design object is volume in topological optimization model
Score minimizes, and bound variable is less than allowable stress [σ] for Von Mises, and setting draft direction is the thickness for taking out shell mold Slab
Direction is spent, minimum dimension is 2 to 3 times of unit size, and pedestal is set as Non-design region, takes out shell mold plate upper part as design
Region;Part in topological optimization result within removal unit puppet density 0.3 is found out according to remaining part and takes out shell mold plate most
Good Path of Force Transfer, determines preferred embodiment.
The top junction of structure after optimization is cut off, then forms left and right two parts cantilever design, top loaded state is
Pulsating cyclic pressure changeable.Its finite element model is established, setting section is non-contact, and loaded area is using multiple spot movement coupling section
Point constraint, and apply forced displacement U in Coupling point1, and constrain the six-freedom degree of all nodes in bottom surface;Draw maximum stress point
Equivalent stress-displacement curve, take stress value to take out shell mold plate material σ0b90% when displacement slot gap to take out shell mold plate
U0, σ0bFor
Pulsating cyclic fatigue limit intensity during material bending.
Along section, level removes to the right material, and a long U is formed among left and right strengthening ribs0Gap, establishing it has
Meta-model is limited, left fluting face is set for contact interarea, right fluting face is contact time face, and loaded area is using multiple spot movement coupling section
Point constraint, and apply forced displacement U in Coupling point2, and constrain the six-freedom degree of all nodes in bottom surface;Draw maximum stress point
Equivalent stress-displacement curve, take stress value reach take out shell mold plate material yield strength 90% when displacement and power, draw
Force-displacement curve then takes out the energy of shell mold plate absorptionIn formula, k1、k2Respectively power-position
Move the slope of the two lines section of curve middle polyline, s1、s2It is the corresponding shift value of terminal point of two lines section respectively, s is to take out shell
The displacement of template maximum stress point, b are the intercepts of Article 2 line segment.
Compare and take out the size that shell mold plate absorbs the E that does work when energy W takes out shell with Chou Ke mechanisms.As W >=E, design terminates;
During W≤E, then it will take out shell mold plate thickness and take 9 class values, establish finite element contact model respectively, return to the 4th step, obtain 9 groups of data,
The relationship that shell mold harden structure absorbs energy W and thickness δ of taking out is found out, thickness coefficient δ is obtained0, and release function expression
According to above-mentioned energy W and thickness δ functional relations, it is known that do work E during Chou Ke mechanisms pumping shell, and needs are calculated
The thickness value δ of modelm, determine final pumping shell mold Slab, i.e., this is configured as actual entities takes out shell mold harden structure.
A kind of trough of belt of the present invention takes out shell mold plate optimum design method according to pumping shell systems basic design parameters:Barrel it is multiple into
Speed:V=3m/s;Impact force:200KN;Breech block Extraction force >=11t;Take out the shell time:About 10ms;Chou Ke mechanisms are done work:E=
40J is the energy absorbed needed for template when taking out shell.As shown in Figure 1 the step of, optimizes the pumping shell mold plate.
The first step, according to above-mentioned basic parameter be determined by calculation take out shell mold plate appearance and size parameter be:Overall length
0.18m, beam overall 0.065m, total high 0.122m, material take 35CrMoVA-GB/T3077-1999, elasticity modulus 210GPa,
Poisson's ratio is 0.3, density 7900Kg/m3, overall structure as shown in Fig. 2, comprising the upper end collided with Chou Ke mechanisms, with
The bottom of stent connection.The load that the pumping shell mold plate is born is 20KN, and direction is along Z axis positive direction, active position parallel with Z axis
It is the fillet for taking out the shell mold plate design section upper left corner.
Second step, the solid finite element model for establishing pumping shell mold plate as shown in Figure 2, topological optimization model is as schemed
Shown in 3, it is supported topology optimization design under load behavior.The pumping shell mold plate solid finite element model established is reasonably
Divide for 66395 hexahedral elements, thickness direction, that is, X-direction, take out shell die plate base and top half be respectively 18 and
12 layers, totally 74658 nodes, definition elasticity modulus is 210GPa, Poisson's ratio 0.3.It is transported taking out shell mold plate top using multiple spot
Dynamic coupling unit constraint, and apply restraining force in multiple spot movement coupling unit independent point, it is the 200KN of Z axis positive direction, and about
6 degree of freedom of all nodes in beam solid finite element model bottom surface;It establishes on this basis and takes out shell mold plate topological optimization mould
Type is configured on the basis of Fig. 3, and design variable is the unit puppet density of solid finite element model, and design object is
Volume fraction minimizes, and bound variable is less than allowable stress [σ]=465MPa for Von Mises.Draft direction is set to take out shell
The thickness direction of template model, minimum dimension 0.01m.Pedestal is set as Non-design region, takes out shell mold plate upper part to set
Count region.It carries out topological optimization and solves movement FEM calculation, the part in optimum results within removal unit puppet density 0.3
I.e. within the 30% of integral material.
Third step, remaining part show the best Path of Force Transfer for taking out shell mold plate, and the results are shown in Figure 4.According to transmission
Path, the three-dimensional model diagram after the optimization of rounding building topology, the top junction of structure after optimization is cut off, then forms left and right two
Part reinforcing rib establishes its finite element model.
4th step, Definition Model elasticity modulus for 210GPa, 0.3,31921 hexahedral elements of Poisson's ratio, node
Number be 34450. take out shell mold plate top using multiple spot movement Coupled Nodals constraint, and multiple spot move coupling unit independent point
Upper application forced displacement U1=0.0025m, constrains the six-freedom degree of all nodes of base end face, and analysis and solution such as obtains at the effects
Force-displacement curve, such as Fig. 5, and stress value is taken to take out shell mold plate material σ0b90% when displacement U=0.00174m for take out shell mold
The fluting gap of plate, i.e. U0=0.00174m.
5th step, along section, level removes to the right material, and a long U is formed among left and right strengthening ribs0Gap,
Its finite element model, such as Fig. 6 are established, setting left fluting face, right fluting face is contact time face, to simulate pumping shell mold for contact interarea
Making contact between two reinforcing rib of plate applies forced displacement U in multiple spot movement coupling unit independent point2=0.0025m, obtains
To force-displacement curve such as Fig. 7, maximum equivalent value reaches displacement U=0.00243m during 90% yield strength, power F=
15977.1N is calculated and takes out the absorbent energy W=19.4J of shell mold plate institute.
6th step, the size for comparing W and E, here W=19.4 < E=40J.9 groups of different thickness values are taken, respectively
0.01m、0.014m、0.018m、0.022m、0.026m、0.030m、0.034m、0.038m、0.042m.The 5th step is returned to, respectively
9 groups of data are calculated, the relationship for the energy W and thickness δ that is absorbed through fitting, such as Fig. 8.Thickness coefficient δ is obtained0, and release
Function expression W=1.7375e0.057δ。
Do work E=40J when the 7th step, known Chou Ke mechanisms pumping shell, and the thickness value δ for needing model is calculatedm=
0.055m returns to the 5th step, changes model, if figure re-starts calculating, obtains and takes out the absorbent energy W=of shell mold plate by this
40.3J > E, meet design requirement, and design terminates.
Optimal models volume after optimization is 3.83 × 10-4m3, as shown in figure 9, a kind of existing pumping shell mold plate bulk is
5.898×10-4m3, then volume-diminished 35.06% after optimizing.The pumping shell mold plate of the design is before impact energy is fully absorbed
It puts, meets required intensity, and weight saving 35.06%.
The foregoing is intended to be a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Certainly, the present invention can also have other a variety of implementations
Example, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, any one skilled in the art, when can according to this
Various corresponding equivalent changes and deformation are made in invention, should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.