CN105203316A - Testing device and testing method of transmission loss of high-precision double-discharge-opening silencer - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method of transmission loss of high-precision double-discharge-opening silencer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device and testing method of transmission loss of a high-precision double-discharge-opening silencer. The testing device comprises the silencer provided with double discharge openings, a first sound source generator connected with the inlet end of the silencer through an upstream testing pipeline, a second sound source generator connected with one discharge opening end of the silencer through a first downstream testing pipeline, and a third sound source generator connected with the other discharge opening end of the silencer through a second downstream testing pipeline, wherein at least two testing points used for testing sound pressure are arranged on each of the upstream testing pipeline, the first downstream testing pipeline and the second downstream testing pipeline in the pipeline length extension direction. According to the testing device and testing method provided by the invention, the testing error during the testing process of transmission loss of the silencer can be eliminated, or the testing error is enabled to be in a requested range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of acoustics, be specifically related to a kind of high precision double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit and method of testing.
Background technology
Transmission loss is the difference of sound suppressor porch incident sound power level and exit transmission sound power level.Transmission loss is the attribute that sound suppressor has separately, has nothing to do with piping system and noise source, in the many employings transmission loss of muffler desing stage as the index weighing Sound Elimination Performance of Mufflers.The sound wavelength-division solution of method, two load methods, two sound source methods etc. that sound suppressor transmission loss experiment measuring is conventional.
Sound wave decomposition method is according to sound wave decomposition principle, decomposes out by incident acoustic wave and transmitted wave by the microphone being arranged on sound suppressor upstream and downstream pipeline, obtains incident wave energy and transmitted wave energy, and then calculates transmission loss.For this kind of noise elimination structure of double mouth, adopt the test of sound wave decomposition method as follows, by the microphone being arranged on sound suppressor upstream and downstream pipeline, incident acoustic wave and reflection wave are decomposed out, obtain incident wave energy and reflected energy, and then the transmission loss of each outlet can be calculated separately.This method of testing requires that sound suppressor two downstream line ends are reflection end for no reason, and this is difficult to do in actual measurement, thus can there is test error.
Two load methods and two sound source methods are all set up based on Transfer Matrix Method, set up respectively by the installation site changing outlet impedance boundary condition and adjustment sound source the two groups of system of equations describing incidence and reflex amplitude relation before and after sound suppressor to be measured, and then solve transmission loss.For this kind of noise elimination structure of double mouth, when adopting two load methods and two sound source methods test transmission loss, also need to add zero recoil fraction a downstream end outlet, this is difficult to accomplish in actual measurement, causes there is test error.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the problem for prior art, provides a kind of high precision double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, eliminates test error or makes test error in the scope required.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of high precision double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, comprise the sound suppressor with double mouth, described test unit also comprises the upstream extremity being positioned at described test unit and the first sound source generator be connected with the inlet end of described sound suppressor by upstream test pipeline, be positioned at the downstream end of described test unit and arrange by one of them of the first downstream test pipeline and described sound suppressor the second sound source generator that mouth end is connected, be positioned at the downstream end of described test unit and arrange by another of the second downstream test pipeline and described sound suppressor the 3rd sound source generators that mouth end is connected, described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline is respectively equipped with at least two for testing the measuring point of acoustic pressure along length of pipe bearing of trend.
Preferably, described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline are respectively equipped with four measuring points, extend from the nearest described measuring point of described sound suppressor to the direction with a described sound suppressor distance described measuring point farthest, the distance in four described measuring points between adjacent two described measuring points is respectively 60mm, 120mm, 180mm.
Further, described test unit also comprise be separately positioned on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline on for testing the proving installation of acoustic pressure, described proving installation be separately positioned on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline on four described measuring points in any two described point position places.
Preferably, described first source of students generator, described second source of students generator, described 3rd sound source generators adopt the sound source generation module of same specification, described sound source generation module comprises sound source loudspeaker, the sleeve for placing sound source loudspeaker, the sound source conduit of plane wave that produces for water conservancy diversion with described sleeve connection, and described sound source conduit tests pipeline respectively with described upstream, pipeline is tested in described first downstream, described second downstream is tested pipeline and is connected.
Preferably, described first downstream test pipeline and described second downstream are tested pipeline and are comprised the mozzle, the anti-sound mozzle be connected with described mozzle respectively that are connected with row's mouth end of described sound suppressor respectively and export mozzle, described second sound source generator is connected with described anti-sound mozzle respectively with described 3rd sound source generators, and at least two described measuring points that described first downstream test pipeline and described second downstream are tested on pipeline are separately positioned on described mozzle.
Further, described first downstream test pipeline and described second downstream are tested pipeline and are also comprised anti-acoustic conductance stream transition conduit, and described anti-acoustic conductance stream transition conduit is arranged between described anti-sound mozzle and described second sound source generator/the 3rd sound source generators.
Preferably, to test pipeline identical described first downstream test pipeline and described second downstream.
Preferably, pipeline is tested in described first sound source generator and described upstream, pipeline is tested in described upstream and described sound suppressor, described sound suppressor and described first downstream test that pipeline is tested in pipeline, described sound suppressor and described second downstream, pipeline is tested in described first downstream and described second sound source generator, described second downstream are tested between pipeline and described 3rd sound source generators and all adopted Flange joint.
Preferably, described test unit also comprises control module, and described control module is connected with described first sound source generator, sends swept-frequency signal for controlling described first sound source generator.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for testing of a kind of high precision double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss, and adopt the test unit as described in above-mentioned any one to test, described method of testing is:
(1) described first sound source generator sends the swept-frequency signal comprising frequency range and step-length;
(2) acoustic pressure at each described point position place is tested;
(3) incident wave and the reflection wave at described point position place on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline is calculated;
(4) the anti-sound of control of described second sound source generator, described 3rd sound source generators is calculated according to the reflection wave at described point position place on described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline;
(5) described second sound source generator, described 3rd sound source generators apply to control anti-sound;
(6) acoustic pressure at each described point position place is retested;
(7) incident wave and the reflection wave at described point position place on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline is recalculated;
(8) judge whether the transmitting sound at described point position place on described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline meets the demands, as met, calculate the transmission loss that pipeline is tested in described first downstream, the upper point position place of pipeline is tested in described second downstream, if do not met, return step (4);
(9) described first sound source generator sends the swept-frequency signal comprising next frequency range and step-length.
Due to the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages: at each row's mouth end of sound suppressor, high precision of the present invention double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit and method of testing arrange that two proving installations monitor incident wave and reflection wave respectively respectively, and eliminate reflection wave in each row's mouth end layout anti-several source according to acoustic interference theory, thus the test error can eliminated in sound suppressor transmission loss test process or make test error in the scope required.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of high precision of the present invention double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of sound suppressor of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of first sound of the present invention source generator/second sound source generator/the 3rd sound source generators;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of upstream of the present invention test pipeline; ;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the structural representation of the first downstream test pipeline/the second downstream test pipeline of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the test philosophy figure of high precision of the present invention double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit;
Accompanying drawing 7 is the test flow chart of high precision of the present invention double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit.
Wherein: 1, sound suppressor; 11, muffler body; 12, the first joint flange; 13, the second joint flange; 14, the 3rd joint flange; 2, upstream test pipeline; 21, the 5th joint flange; 22, upstream transition diversion pipeline; 23, the 6th joint flange; 24, web member; 3, first sound source generator; 31, sleeve; 32, sound source conduit; 33, the 4th joint flange; 4, the first downstream test pipeline; 41, the 7th joint flange; 42, mozzle; 43, anti-sound mozzle; 44, mozzle is exported; 45, anti-acoustic conductance stream transition conduit; 5, second sound source generator; 6, the second downstream test pipeline; 7, the 3rd sound source generators; 8, proving installation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated.
High precision shown in Figure 1 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, comprise there is double mouth sound suppressor 1, test first sound source generator 3 that pipeline 2 is connected at the upstream extremity of test unit and the inlet end of sound suppressor 1 by upstream, arrange second sound source generator 5 that mouth end is connected by the first downstream testing tube 4 in one of them of downstream end and the sound suppressor 1 of test unit, arrange the 3rd sound source generators 7. that mouth end is connected by the second downstream testing tube 6, for testing the proving installation of acoustic pressure at another of downstream end and the sound suppressor 1 of test unit.
As shown in Figure 2, sound suppressor 1 comprises muffler body 11, be arranged on the first joint flange 12 of the inlet end of muffler body 11, be separately positioned on two of muffler body 11 row's mouth ends the second joint flange 13 and the 3rd joint flange 14, muffler body 11 is tested pipeline 2, first downstream respectively by the first joint flange 12, second joint flange 13, the 3rd joint flange 14 and upstream and is tested pipeline 4, second downstream and test pipeline 6 and be connected.
First sound source generator 3 is mainly for generation of required measuring sound source, second sound source generator 5 is mainly for generation of anti-sound, to eliminate the reflected sound of one of them row's mouth end of sound suppressor 1 to the impact of system sound characteristics, 3rd sound source generators 7 also for generation of anti-sound, to eliminate reflected sound of another row's mouth end of sound suppressor 1 to the impact of system sound characteristics.In the present embodiment, first sound source generator 3, second sound source generator 5 and the 3rd sound source generators 7 adopt the sound source generation module of same specification, as shown in Figure 3, this sound source generation module comprises sound source loudspeaker (not shown), sleeve 31, sound source conduit 32 and the 4th joint flange 33, sleeve 31 is for fixed placement sound source loudspeaker up to specification, the plane wave that sound source conduit 32 produces for water conservancy diversion, its two ends are connected with sleeve 31 and the 4th joint flange 33 respectively, 4th joint flange 33 is a kind of common flange, the end face of flange of the 4th joint flange 33 offers waist type connecting hole, so that test pipeline 2 with the upstream of different specification size respectively, first downstream test pipeline 4, second downstream test pipeline 6 mates and connects.
As shown in Figure 4, pipeline 2 is tested for installation testing device to test the acoustic pressure of upstream in upstream, upstream test pipeline comprises the 5th joint flange 21, upstream transition diversion pipeline 22, the 6th joint flange 23,5th joint flange 21 mates with the 4th joint flange 33 and is connected, and the 6th joint flange 23 mates with the first joint flange 12 and is connected.Upstream transition diversion pipeline 22 is provided with at least two measuring points for testing upstream extremity acoustic pressure, in the present embodiment, upstream transition diversion pipeline 22 is provided with four measuring points, four measuring points set gradually along the direction being from upstream to downstream, along the direction being from upstream to downstream, distance in four measuring points between adjacent two measuring points is respectively 180mm, 120mm, 60mm, in the present embodiment, along the direction swimming over to upstream from down, the distance of the end face of flange of four measuring point distance the 6th joint flanges 23 is respectively 100mm, 160mm, 280mm and 460mm.Four point position places on upstream test pipeline 2 are respectively equipped with web member 24, for fixing test device or plug, proving installation on upstream test pipeline 2 has two, two proving installations can be arranged on any two point position places at four point position places, during test, the concrete setting position of the step-length scope determination proving installation of the swept-frequency signal sent according to first sound source generator 3, the point position place not being provided with proving installation in four point positions arranges plug.
First downstream test pipeline 4 is identical with the second downstream test pipeline 6, for testing the acoustic pressure of sound suppressor 1 endpiece.As shown in Figure 5, first downstream test pipeline 4 and the second downstream test pipeline 6 comprise the 7th joint flange 41 respectively, mozzle 42, anti-sound mozzle 43 and outlet mozzle 44, anti-sound mozzle 43 is connected with mozzle 42 respectively with outlet mozzle 44, anti-sound mozzle 43 is for the water conservancy diversion of reflective sound wave, anti-acoustic conductance stream transition conduit 45 is provided with between anti-sound mozzle 43 and second sound source generator 5/ the 3rd sound source generators 7, so that anti-sound mozzle 43 is connected with second sound source generator 5/ the 3rd sound source generators 7, Flange joint is adopted between anti-acoustic conductance stream transition conduit 45 and second sound source generator 5/ the 3rd sound source generators 7, first downstream test pipeline 4 mates with the second joint flange 13 and the 3rd joint flange 14 respectively with the 7th joint flange 41 in the second downstream test pipeline 6 and is connected.Mozzle 42 for installation testing device to test the acoustic pressure of downstream pipe, mozzle 42 is provided with at least two measuring points for testing downstream end acoustic pressure, in the present embodiment, mozzle 42 is provided with four measuring points, four measuring points set gradually along the direction being from upstream to downstream, along the direction being from upstream to downstream, distance in four measuring points between adjacent two measuring points is respectively 60mm, 120mm, 180mm, in the present embodiment, along the direction being from upstream to downstream, the distance of the end face of flange of four measuring point distance the 7th joint flanges 41 is respectively 100mm, 160mm, 280mm and 460mm.Four point position places on mozzle 42 are equipped with web member 24, for fixing test device or plug, proving installation on mozzle 42 has two, two proving installations can be arranged on any two point position places at four point position places, during test, the concrete setting position of the step-length scope determination proving installation of the swept-frequency signal sent according to first sound source generator 3, the point position place not being provided with proving installation in four point positions arranges plug.
In the present embodiment, proving installation adopts microphone.
This test unit also comprises control module, and control module is connected with first sound source generator 3, sends swept-frequency signal for controlling first sound source generator 3, and and nonwhite noise or pink noise, make test result more accurate.
When adopting above-mentioned high precision double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit to test, as shown in Figure 6, concrete testing process is as follows for test philosophy figure:
(1) control module controls first sound source generator 3 and sends a kind of single-frequency noise, and this swept-frequency signal comprises frequency range and step-length;
(2) acoustic pressure at each described point position place is tested by proving installation: the multiple acoustic pressure of entrance of two measuring points I, II position on upstream test pipeline 2 is respectively
with
, the multiple acoustic pressure of outlet of two measuring points III, IV position on the first downstream test pipeline 4 is respectively
with
, the multiple acoustic pressure of outlet of two measuring points V, VI position on the second downstream test pipeline 6 is respectively
with
;
(3) incident wave and the reflection wave at point position place on test pipeline 2, first downstream, upstream test pipeline 4, second downstream test pipeline 6 is calculated;
The distance set between I, II two measuring points is
, the distance between III, IV two measuring points is
, the distance between V, VI two measuring points is
;
A. establish
with
be respectively incident wave and the reflection wave at II point position place.
It is converted, can try to achieve
B. establish
with
be respectively incident wave and the reflection wave at III point position place.
It is converted, can try to achieve
C. establish
with
be respectively incident wave and the reflection wave of V measuring point.
It is converted, can try to achieve
(4) due to
,
reflecting acoustic pressure has an impact to whole exhaust system test error, produces one respectively by the second sound source acoustical generator 5, the 3rd sound source generators 7
,
the anti-sound of control, to eliminate the impact of reflected sound on system testing.
If second sound source generator 5 to the distance of measuring point III is
if the 3rd sound source generators 7 to the distance of measuring point V is
, control anti-sound
,
be respectively:
(5) second sound source generator 5, the 3rd sound source generators 7 apply
,
the anti-sound of control;
(6) retest the acoustic pressure at each point position place, be respectively
,
,
,
,
with
;
(7) recalculate incident wave and the reflection wave at the point position place on test pipeline 2, first downstream, upstream test pipeline 4, second downstream test pipeline 6, obtain respectively
,
,
,
,
with
, the same step of circular (3);
(8) judge whether the reflected sound at the point position place on the first downstream test pipeline 4, second downstream test pipeline 6 meets the demands:
As
,
, or test frequency is in error allowed band, then meet the demands, and calculate the transmission loss of two row's mouth ends under this frequency of sound suppressor 1, circular is as follows:
As
,
do not meet test error requirement, then basis
,
the step (4) that returns test value continues to revise the anti-sound of control, until
,
meet test target requirement.
So far complete the test of a swept-frequency signal, first sound source generator 3 sends the swept-frequency signal comprising next frequency range and step-length afterwards, and circulation is carried out according to this, and testing process as shown in Figure 7.
High precision provided by the invention double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit and method of testing eliminate the reflective sound wave of sound suppressor downstream end by the acoustic interference theory of active noise controlling, and this test unit and method of testing are applicable to the test of the transmission loss of single mouth sound suppressor simultaneously.
The technical program is a kind of improvement project based on sound wave decomposition method, compare with traditional acoustic decomposition method, at each row's mouth end of sound suppressor, the program arranges that two proving installations monitor incident wave and reflection wave respectively respectively, and eliminate this reflection wave according to acoustic interference theory in each row's mouth end layout anti-several source, until outlet reflection wave is zero or meets test error requirement, then carry out final test and calculate the transmission loss of this frequency; Compare with traditional acoustic decomposition method, first sound source generator sends a swept-frequency signal simultaneously, and also nonwhite noise or pink noise, make test result more accurate.Compare with traditional two sound source methods or two load methods, this test unit only needs in each row's mouth end applying sound source, and only need test once, is more suitable for the test of transmission loss under stream condition.
Above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a high precision double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, comprise the sound suppressor with double mouth, it is characterized in that: described test unit also comprises the upstream extremity being positioned at described test unit and the first sound source generator be connected with the inlet end of described sound suppressor by upstream test pipeline, be positioned at the downstream end of described test unit and arrange by one of them of the first downstream test pipeline and described sound suppressor the second sound source generator that mouth end is connected, be positioned at the downstream end of described test unit and arrange by another of the second downstream test pipeline and described sound suppressor the 3rd sound source generators that mouth end is connected, described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline is respectively equipped with at least two for testing the measuring point of acoustic pressure along length of pipe bearing of trend.
2. high precision according to claim 1 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, it is characterized in that: described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline are respectively equipped with four measuring points, extend from the nearest described measuring point of described sound suppressor to the direction with a described sound suppressor distance described measuring point farthest, the distance in four described measuring points between adjacent two described measuring points is respectively 60mm, 120mm, 180mm.
3. high precision according to claim 2 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, it is characterized in that: described test unit also comprise be separately positioned on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline on for testing the proving installation of acoustic pressure, described proving installation be separately positioned on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline on four described measuring points in any two described point position places.
4. high precision according to claim 1 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, it is characterized in that: described first source of students generator, described second source of students generator, described 3rd sound source generators adopt the sound source generation module of same specification, described sound source generation module comprises sound source loudspeaker, the sleeve for placing sound source loudspeaker, the sound source conduit of plane wave that produces for water conservancy diversion with described sleeve connection, and described sound source conduit tests pipeline respectively with described upstream, pipeline is tested in described first downstream, described second downstream is tested pipeline and is connected.
5. high precision according to claim 1 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, it is characterized in that: described first downstream test pipeline is tested pipeline with described second downstream and comprised the mozzle be connected with row's mouth end of described sound suppressor respectively, the anti-sound mozzle be connected with described mozzle respectively and export mozzle, described second sound source generator is connected with described anti-sound mozzle respectively with described 3rd sound source generators, at least two described measuring points that described first downstream test pipeline and described second downstream are tested on pipeline are separately positioned on described mozzle.
6. high precision according to claim 5 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, it is characterized in that: described first downstream test pipeline and described second downstream are tested pipeline and also comprised anti-acoustic conductance stream transition conduit, and described anti-acoustic conductance stream transition conduit is arranged between described anti-sound mozzle and described second sound source generator/the 3rd sound source generators.
7. high precision according to claim 1 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, is characterized in that: it is identical that pipeline is tested in described first downstream test pipeline and described second downstream.
8. high precision according to claim 1 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, is characterized in that: pipeline is tested in described first sound source generator and described upstream, pipeline is tested in described upstream and described sound suppressor, described sound suppressor and described first downstream test that pipeline is tested in pipeline, described sound suppressor and described second downstream, pipeline is tested in described first downstream and described second sound source generator, described second downstream are tested between pipeline and described 3rd sound source generators and all adopted Flange joint.
9. high precision according to claim 1 double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss test unit, it is characterized in that: described test unit also comprises control module, described control module is connected with described first sound source generator, sends swept-frequency signal for controlling described first sound source generator.
10. a method of testing for high precision double mouth sound suppressor transmission loss, is characterized in that: adopt the test unit according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9 to test, described method of testing is:
(1) described first sound source generator sends the swept-frequency signal comprising frequency range and step-length;
(2) acoustic pressure at each described point position place is tested;
(3) incident wave and the reflection wave at described point position place on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline is calculated;
(4) the anti-sound of control of described second sound source generator, described 3rd sound source generators is calculated according to the reflection wave at described point position place on described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline;
(5) described second sound source generator, described 3rd sound source generators apply to control anti-sound;
(6) acoustic pressure at each described point position place is retested;
(7) incident wave and the reflection wave at described point position place on described upstream test pipeline, described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline is recalculated;
(8) judge whether the transmitting sound at described point position place on described first downstream test pipeline, described second downstream test pipeline meets the demands, as met, calculate the transmission loss that pipeline is tested in described first downstream, the upper point position place of pipeline is tested in described second downstream, if do not met, return step (4);
(9) described first sound source generator sends the swept-frequency signal comprising next frequency range and step-length.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113702017A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 天津大学 | Silencer transmission loss single-step measurement method based on improved transmission matrix |
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| CN102735490A (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-10-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for experimentally measuring transmission loss of silencer with non-planer wave at inlet and outlet |
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| CN205103019U (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-03-23 | 清华大学苏州汽车研究院（相城） | Double mouthful of silencer transmission loss test device of high accuracy |
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| KR100231987B1 (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1999-12-01 | 류정열 | Apparatus for measuring transmission loss of automobile muffler |
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| CN102867509A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-09 | J·埃贝施佩歇尔有限及两合公司 | Anti-sound system for exhaust systems and method for controlling the same |
| CN102735490A (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-10-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for experimentally measuring transmission loss of silencer with non-planer wave at inlet and outlet |
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