CN105202640A - 一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法 - Google Patents

一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法 Download PDF

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CN105202640A
CN105202640A CN201510781105.XA CN201510781105A CN105202640A CN 105202640 A CN105202640 A CN 105202640A CN 201510781105 A CN201510781105 A CN 201510781105A CN 105202640 A CN105202640 A CN 105202640A
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唐靖岚
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Wuxi Qingyang Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/16Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • F24F8/158Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using active carbon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • F24F8/167Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using catalytic reactions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法,在所述中央空调的新风口处以及建筑物出风口均设置有过滤净化单元,使建筑物内流通的空气经过所述过滤净化单元的处理,所述过滤净化单元包括前后叠加的第一吸附部件、催化部件和第二吸附部件。使得该催化剂对建筑物内空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛的去除达到了0.05毫克/立方米以下,同时显著降低了循环气中的微生物含量。

Description

一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法
技术领域
本发明涉及空气净化技术领域,具体涉及一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法。
背景技术
目前,随着经济的发展,国内大城市可供土建的地块越来越少,建筑物的平均高度逐年增加,大量写字楼迅速增加。在写字楼中,一般均设置有中央空调。
中央空调系统主要由制冷制热设备或装置(压缩机、压缩冷凝机组、冷水机组、空调箱、锅炉、喷水室等)、管路(制冷剂管路、冷媒管路、载冷剂管路等)、室内末端设备(室内风管水管、散流器、风机盘管、空调室内机等)、室外设备(室外风管、冷却塔、风冷式冷凝器等)、水泵、控制装置及附属设备等组成。其工作原理如下:
制冷机通过压缩机将制冷剂压缩成液态后,送蒸发器中与冷冻水进行热交换,将冷冻水制冷,冷冻泵将冷冻水送到各风机风口的冷却盘管中,由风机吹送达到降温的目的。经蒸发后的制冷剂在冷凝器中释放出热量成气态,冷却泵将冷却水送到冷却塔上,由水塔风机对其进行喷淋冷却,与大气之间进行热交换,将热量散发到大气中去。
集中空调系统根据处理空气的来源情况,又分直流式、封闭式和回风式,一般空调系统均为回风式空调系统。回风式空调系统又按送风前在空气处理过程中回风参与的混合次数不同,分为一次回风式和二次回风式。让回风与新风先混合,然后加以处理,达到送风状态,这种只混合一次的集中式系统,称为一次回风式系统。让新风与部分回风混合并经处理后,再次与部分回风混合而达到要求的送风状态,称为二次回风式系统。中央空调系统为了节能,一般采用回风式,除非空调房间内存在有害物质。
在写字楼中,由于人员众多,建筑面积也大,因此各种装修污染,呼吸废气污染以及病菌传播污染难以避免,且多数写字楼采用的中央空调为回风式,由此导致部分区域的污染通过中央空调扩散至整个建筑物,在流行性疾病爆发时,还会导致疾病的迅速扩散。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法,其不仅对空气进行催化,将空气中的有害物质,比如氮氧化物、碳氧化物、有机气味污染比如苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛等,进行分解、氧化或/和吸附,还对空气进行杀菌净化,保证中央空调的空气洁净。
为达此目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法,在所述中央空调的新风口处以及建筑物出风口均设置有过滤净化单元,使建筑物内流通的空气经过所述过滤净化单元的处理,所述过滤净化单元包括前后叠加的第一吸附部件、催化部件和第二吸附部件。
所述第一吸附部件设置有纤维过滤层,所述纤维过滤层叠加有纸质纤维物过滤层和超细玻璃纤维物过滤层。
所述催化部件设置有催化剂层,所述催化剂包括如下组分,
A)6%-20%的钛基铁铈钼钒复合氧化物,其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Fe:Ce:Mo:V为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1);
B)3%-8%的锆掺杂的钒酸铁,Zr:FeVO4的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1;
C)余量的活性炭。
所述第二吸附部件设置有吸附层,所述吸附层由活性炭和载有银的纳米二氧化钛组成,其混合质量比为5:1-2:1,例如4.5:1,4:1,3.5:1,3:1等。
所述催化剂的制备方法可以采取常规的浸渍法以及其他替代方法,本领域技术人员可以根据其掌握的现有技术自由选择,本发明不再赘述。
在本发明的中央空调开始工作时,新风以及出风首先进入第一吸附部件,在第一吸附部件中,先后经过纸质纤维层与超细玻璃纤维层的过滤,对空气中的颗粒物以及大分子进行过滤。
随后经过滤后的空气进入催化部件,在催化部件中,空气中的有机污染物,例如甲醛等,被催化氧化,变为无害或易于吸收的其他有机物。
经催化后的空气,进入第二吸附部件。空气中被催化氧化的有机污染物被活性炭吸收,且分布于活性炭中的银,对空气中的微生物进行杀毒,从而降低了细菌的含量。
本发明通过选取特定组分A和组分B,使得该催化剂产生协同效应,使得该催化剂对建筑物内空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛的去除达到了0.05毫克/立方米以下,同时显著降低了循环气中的微生物含量。
具体实施方式
本发明通过下述实施例对本发明的催化剂进行说明。
实施例1
一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法,在所述中央空调的新风口处以及建筑物出风口均设置有过滤净化单元,使建筑物内流通的空气经过所述过滤净化单元的处理,所述过滤净化单元包括前后叠加的第一吸附部件、催化部件和第二吸附部件。
所述第一吸附部件设置有纤维过滤层,所述纤维过滤层先后顺序叠加有纸质纤维物过滤层和超细玻璃纤维物过滤层。
所述催化部件设置有催化剂层,通过浸渍法制备得到催化剂,包括如下组分,
A)8%的钛基铁铈钼钒复合氧化物,其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Fe:Ce:Mo:V为1:0.05:0.05:0.05:0.05;
B)6%的锆掺杂的钒酸铁,Zr:FeVO4的摩尔比为0.1:1;
C)余量的活性炭。
所述第二吸附层由活性炭和载有银的纳米二氧化钛组成,其混合质量比为3:1。
启动所述中央空调,为测试其净化功能,在新风中通入雾霾PM2.5指数为300的大气,并使得室内气体的苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛含量达到10毫克/立方米。循环空气15分钟后测试室内气体,其雾霾PM2.5指数为2,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛含量达到0.05毫克/立方米以下。
对比例1
组分A含量14%,不含组分B,其余条件不变,其PM2.5值为41,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛含量在0.1毫克/立方米以上。
对比例2
组分B含量14%,不含组分A,其PM2.5值为38,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛含量在0.1毫克/立方米以上。
上述实施例及对比例说明,本发明的催化剂几种组分之间以及催化剂载体之间存在特定的联系,省略或替换其中一种或几种,都不能达到本申请的特定效果,证明其产生了协同效应。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的催化剂,但本发明并不局限于上述催化剂,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述详细催化剂才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法,在所述中央空调的新风口处以及建筑物出风口均设置有过滤净化单元,使建筑物内流通的空气经过所述过滤净化单元的处理,其特征在于,
所述过滤净化单元包括前后叠加的第一吸附部件、催化部件和第二吸附部件,
所述第一吸附部件设置有纤维过滤层,所述纤维过滤层叠加有纸质纤维物过滤层和超细玻璃纤维物过滤层,其特征在于,
所述催化部件设置有催化剂层,所述催化剂包括如下组分,
A)6%-20%的钛基铁铈钼钒复合氧化物,其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Fe:Ce:Mo:V为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1);
B)3%-8%的锆掺杂的钒酸铁,Zr:FeVO4的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1;
C)余量的活性炭;
所述第二吸附过滤吸附部件设置有吸附层,所述吸附层由活性炭和载有银的纳米二氧化钛组成,其混合质量比为5:1-2:1。
CN201510781105.XA 2015-11-13 2015-11-13 一种带中央空调建筑物的空气净化方法 Withdrawn CN105202640A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20151230