CN105202128A - Tri-clutch transmission for vehicle - Google Patents
Tri-clutch transmission for vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105202128A CN105202128A CN201510710631.7A CN201510710631A CN105202128A CN 105202128 A CN105202128 A CN 105202128A CN 201510710631 A CN201510710631 A CN 201510710631A CN 105202128 A CN105202128 A CN 105202128A
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- gear
- free gear
- free
- friction clutch
- synchronizer
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
- F16H3/097—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts the input and output shafts being aligned on the same axis
Abstract
A tri-clutch transmission for a vehicle consists of an input shaft, an output shaft, three middle shafts, three friction clutches, four synchronizers, four fixed gears and eleven idle gears; the tri-clutch transmission for the vehicle is characterized in that the input shaft and output shaft are coaxially arranged, and axes of the input shaft and the output shaft are coincided; the three middle shafts are arranged around the input shaft and are respectively provided with a first friction clutch, a second friction clutch and a third friction clutch; gear positions of the first friction clutch participating in power transmission are 1, 4, 7, and so on, 3n+1, wherein n is an integer; gear positions of the second friction clutch participating in power transmission are 2, 5, 8, and so on, 3n+2, wherein n is an integer; gear positions of the third friction clutch participating in power transmission are 3, 6, 9, and so on, 3n+2, wherein n is an integer. The tri-clutch transmission has the advantages of fast gear shifting speed, good reliability, and easiness for realizing multiple gear positions, and suitability for various vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical transmission fields, be specifically related to vehicular transmission.
Background technique
A large amount of universal along with automobile, the requirement of people to the travelling comfort of automobile, power performance and the economy performance is more and more higher, also proposes more and more higher requirement to speed changer.
Vehicular transmission is mainly divided into two large classes: step change transmission and stepless change.
Stepless speed variator is based on steel-belt type, and steel-belt type stepless speed variator relies on the frictional force carry-over moment between steel band and belt wheel, and the moment of transmission is less, is mainly used at present on the car of middle small displacement.
Step change transmission relies on gear and clutch transferring power, is mainly used on huge discharge car and heavy vehicle.Step change transmission is divided into manual gear and automatic catch two type.Manual gear speed changer requires higher to the technical merit of driver, having power interruption in short-term, there will be impact phenomenon when shifting gears.Automatic catch transmission operating is simple, and machine automatically completes gear and switches, like by increasing user, the market share occupied by it has the trend increased further, and automatic transmission replaces manual transmission to be following development trend gradually.Automobile-used have in grade automatic transmission, mainly contains two types: hydrodynamic mechanical transmission (AT) and double-clutch speed changer (DCT).AT is combined by fluid torque converter and mechanical transmission, and utilize the function reduction shift shock of the buffering of fluid torque converter, shock-absorbing, gear switching has steady, soft advantage.The gear switching member of DCT is friction clutcch and synchronizer, realizes steadily gearshift by the friction torque controlling friction clutch.Comparatively speaking, DCT is higher than the transmission efficiency of AT, and fuel economy is better, and medium-to-high grade car extensively adopts.
The mechanical part of DCT is primarily of two friction clutches and multiple synchronizer and some gears and transmission shaft composition, and two friction clutches participate in the transmission of power of odd number gear and even number gear respectively.Each gear of DCT has a friction clutch and a synchronizer to participate in transmission of power, and the switching of its gear is divided into two steps, first in conjunction with synchronizer, then in conjunction with friction clutch.When gearbox works in odd number gear, odd number gear friction clutch is in closed state, even number gear friction clutch is in off state, if need gearshift, then combine the some even number adjacent with work gear in advance and keep off synchronizer, then in conjunction with even number gear friction clutch while disconnecting odd number gear friction clutch, thus gear switching is completed.
The gear of DCT switches existence with following three aspect deficiencies.
One is can not need the synchronizer that combines in advance by selecting properly, causes time lengthening of shifting gears.If gearbox is in 3 gears at present, its neighbouring even-numbered gear is 2 gears and 4 gears, when the operating conditions of vehicle changes, likely needs to change to 2 gears, also likely needs to change to 4 gears, but can only in advance in conjunction with 2 gear synchronizers or 4 gear synchronizers.Therefore, the synchronizer combined in advance is likely the selection of mistake.If the synchronizer that speed changer needs to be switched to low gear and combines high gear in advance, just need the synchronizer first disconnecting high gear, and then in conjunction with the synchronizer of low gear, finally in conjunction with friction clutch, thus make gearshift time lengthening.
Two is that the torque capacity of two friction clutches and radiating condition difference are comparatively large, causes reliability to reduce.Two friction clutches arranged concentric in the form of a ring of DCT, the radius difference of their friction plate is larger.The radius being in the friction clutch of outer shroud is comparatively large, and its torque capacity is comparatively large, and radiating condition is also relatively good, and therefore the life-span is longer.The friction clutch being in inner ring then the life-span shorter, cause reliability to reduce.
Three is gearshifts of can not bypassing the immediate leadership, and can only shift gears step by step.Because a friction clutch participates in the transmission of power of all odd numbers gear, another friction clutch participates in the transmission of power of all even numbers gear, so can only hocket between odd number gear and even number gear when the gear of DCT switches, and can not directly change to another odd number gear from an odd number gear, gearshift of bypassing the immediate leadership cannot be realized.In vehicle travel process, be need to bypass the immediate leadership gearshift sometimes, such as, when needing to utilize motor fast braking on lower abrupt slope, just need downshift of bypassing the immediate leadership.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the deficiency overcoming existing DCT, provides that a kind of gearshift is more quick, reliability is higher, the speed changer of the gearshift that can realize bypassing the immediate leadership.
For realizing goal of the invention, adopt following technological means: arrange three friction clutcches in the transmission, the gear number of first friction clutch participation work is 1,4,7 ... 3n+1(n is integer), the gear number of second friction clutch participation work is 2,5,8 ... 3n+2(n is integer), the gear number of the 3rd friction clutch participation work is 3,6,9 ... 3n(n is integer); Three friction clutches are arranged into around input shaft, make their radiating condition and torque capacity approximately equal.
The concrete technological scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows.Automobile-used three clutch speed-changers, be made up of an input shaft (A1), output shaft (A5), three jack shafts (A2, A3, A4), three friction clutches (C1, C2, C3), four synchronizers (S1, S2, S3, S4), four fixed gears (G1, G13, G14, G15) and 11 free gears (G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G12), it is characterized in that: input shaft (A1) is coaxially arranged with output shaft (A5), their dead in line; First fixed gear (G1) is arranged on input shaft (A1), and it engages with the first free gear (G2), the second free gear (G3) and the 3rd free gear (G4) simultaneously; First jack shaft (A2) is provided with the first free gear (G2), the 4th free gear (G5), the 7th free gear (G8), the tenth free gear (G11), the first friction clutch (C1), the first synchronizer (S1) and the 4th synchronizer (S4); Second jack shaft (A3) is provided with the second free gear (G3), the 5th free gear (G6), the 8th free gear (G9), the 11 free gear (G12), the second friction clutch (C2) and the second synchronizer (S2); 3rd jack shaft (A4) is provided with the 3rd free gear (G4), the 6th free gear (G7), the 9th free gear (G10), the 3rd friction clutch (C3) and the 3rd synchronizer (S3); Output shaft (A5) is provided with the second fixed gear (G13), the 3rd fixed gear (G14), the 4th fixed gear (G15); Second fixed gear (G13) keeps engaging with the 4th free gear (G5), the 5th free gear (G6), the 6th free gear (G7) simultaneously; 3rd fixed gear (G14) keeps engaging with the 7th free gear (G8), the 8th free gear (G9), the 9th free gear (G10) simultaneously; 11 free gear (G12) keeps engaging with the tenth free gear (G11) and the 4th fixed gear (G15) simultaneously; The gear that first friction clutch (C1) participates in work can be integer with 3n+1(n) represent, such as 1 gear and 4 gears; The gear that second friction clutch (C2) participates in work can be integer with 3n+2(n) represent, such as 2 gears and 5 gears; The gear that 3rd friction clutch (C3) participates in work can be integer with 3n(n) represent, such as 3 gears and 6 gears.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the transmission scheme of three clutch speed-changers.
Fig. 2 is three clutch speed-changer gear expansion signals.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is introduced below in conjunction with Fig. 1.
Automobile-used three clutch speed-changers, are made up of an input shaft (A1), output shaft (A5), three jack shafts (A2, A3, A4), three friction clutches (C1, C2, C3), four synchronizers (S1, S2, S3, S4), four fixed gears (G1, G13, G14, G15) and 11 free gears (G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G12).
All free gears of the present invention can relatively rotate with their axle of supporting, but can not relative movement; All synchronizers can relative movement with their axle of supporting, but can not relatively rotate; The axle at all fixed gears and their places is fixed as a whole, can not produce relative movement with axle.
All synchronizers of the present invention have three positions, are left position, meta and right position respectively.When synchronizer is in left position, be combined with the free gear on its left side, make free gear and the axle synchronous rotary on its left side; When synchronizer is in right position, be combined with the free gear on the right of it, make the free gear on the right of it and axle synchronous rotary; When synchronizer is in meta, all constraint is not produced to the gear on its left side and the right.
Input shaft (A1) and output shaft (A5) coaxially arranged, their dead in line.Three jack shafts (A2, A3, A4) are arranged in input shaft (A1) and output shaft (A5) around.
Input shaft (A1) is provided with the first fixed gear (G1).
First jack shaft (A2) is provided with the first free gear (G2), the 4th free gear (G5), the 7th free gear (G8), the tenth free gear (G11), the first friction clutch (C1), the first synchronizer (S1) and the 4th synchronizer (S4).First free gear (G2) is connected by the first friction clutch (C1) with the first jack shaft (A2), and when the first friction clutch (C1) is closed, the first free gear (G2) and the first jack shaft (A2) are in conjunction with as a whole; When the first friction clutch (C1) disconnects, the first free gear (G2) can rotate around the first jack shaft (A2).First synchronizer (S1) is arranged between the 4th free gear (G5) and the 7th free gear (G8), when the first synchronizer (S1) is in left position, it and the 4th free gear (G5) combine, and make the 4th free gear (G5) and the first jack shaft (A2) in conjunction with as a whole; When the first synchronizer (S1) is in right position, it and the 7th free gear (G8) combine, and make the 7th free gear (G8) and the first jack shaft (A2) in conjunction with as a whole; When the first synchronizer (S1) is in meta, it does not all retrain the 4th free gear (G5) and the 7th free gear (G8).When the 4th synchronizer (S4) is in left position, it and the tenth free gear (G11) combine, and make the tenth free gear (G11) and the first jack shaft (A2) in conjunction with as a whole; When it is in meta or right position, to the not constraint of the tenth free gear (G11).
Second jack shaft (A3) is provided with the second free gear (G3), the 5th free gear (G6), the 8th free gear (G9), the 11 free gear (G12), the second friction clutch (C2) and the second synchronizer (S2).Second free gear (G3) is connected by the second friction clutch (C2) with the second jack shaft (A3), and when the second friction clutch (C2) is closed, the second free gear (G3) and the second jack shaft (A3) are in conjunction with as a whole; When the second friction clutch (C2) disconnects, the second free gear (G3) can rotate around the second jack shaft (A3).Second synchronizer (S2) is arranged between the 5th free gear (G6) and the 8th free gear (G9), when the second synchronizer (S2) is in left position, it and the 5th free gear (G6) combine, and make the 5th free gear (G6) and the second jack shaft (A3) in conjunction with as a whole; When the second synchronizer (S2) is in right position, it and the 8th free gear (G9) combine, and make the 8th free gear (G9) and the second jack shaft (A3) in conjunction with as a whole; When the second synchronizer (S2) is in meta, it does not all retrain the 5th free gear (G6) and the 8th free gear (G9).
3rd jack shaft (A4) is provided with the 3rd free gear (G4), the 6th free gear (G7), the 9th free gear (G10), the 3rd friction clutch (C3) and the 3rd synchronizer (S3); 3rd free gear (G4) is connected by the 3rd friction clutch (C3) with the 3rd jack shaft (A4), and when the 3rd friction clutch (C3) is closed, the 3rd free gear (G4) and the 3rd jack shaft (A4) are in conjunction with as a whole; When the 3rd friction clutch (C3) disconnects, the 3rd free gear (G4) can rotate around the 3rd jack shaft (A4).3rd synchronizer (S3) is arranged between the 6th free gear (G7) and the 9th free gear (G10), when the 3rd synchronizer (S3) is in left position, it and the 6th free gear (G7) combine, and make the 6th free gear (G7) and the 3rd jack shaft (A4) in conjunction with as a whole; When the 3rd synchronizer (S3) is in right position, it and the 9th free gear (G10) combine, and make the 9th free gear (G10) and the 3rd jack shaft (A4) in conjunction with as a whole; When the 3rd synchronizer (S3) is in meta, it does not all retrain the 6th free gear (G7) and the 9th free gear (G10).
Second fixed gear (G13), the 3rd fixed gear (G14) and the 4th fixed gear (G15) are arranged on output shaft (A5), and limit is as a whole admittedly for they and output shaft (A5).
First fixed gear (G1) keeps engaging with the first free gear (G2), the second free gear (G3), the 3rd free gear (G4) simultaneously.
Second fixed gear (G13) keeps engaging with the 4th free gear (G5), the 5th free gear (G6), the 6th free gear (G7) simultaneously.
3rd fixed gear (G14) keeps engaging with the 7th free gear (G8), the 8th free gear (G9), the 9th free gear (G10) simultaneously.
11 free gear (G12) keeps engaging with the tenth free gear (G11) and the 4th fixed gear (G15) simultaneously.
Three clutch speed-changers shown in Fig. 1 have six forward gears and a retrogressing gear, and it is as follows that each gear participates in the friction clutch of transmission of power and the state of synchronizer and power transfer path.
Advance a gear, and the first friction clutch (C1) closes, and the first synchronizer (S1) is in left position and the 4th free gear (G5) combines.Power is inputted by input shaft (A1), through the transmission of the first fixed gear (G1), the first free gear (G2), the 4th free gear (G5) and the second fixed gear (G13), is exported by output shaft (A5).
Advance two gears, and the second friction clutch (C2) closes, and the second synchronizer (S2) is in left position and the 5th free gear (G6) combines.Power is inputted by input shaft (A1), through the transmission of the first fixed gear (G1), the second free gear (G3), the 5th free gear (G6) and the second fixed gear (G13), is exported by output shaft (A5).
Ahead three keeps off, and the 3rd friction clutch (C3) closes, and the 3rd synchronizer (S3) is in left position and the 6th free gear (G7) combines.Power is inputted by input shaft (A1), through the transmission of the first fixed gear (G1), the 3rd free gear (G4), the 6th free gear (G7) and the second fixed gear (G13), is exported by output shaft (A5).
Advance four gears, and the first friction clutch (C1) closes, and the first synchronizer (S1) is in right position and the 7th free gear (G8) combines.Power is inputted by input shaft (A1), through the transmission of the first fixed gear (G1), the first free gear (G2), the 7th free gear (G8) and the 3rd fixed gear (G14), is exported by output shaft (A5).
Advance five gears, and the second friction clutch (C2) closes, and the second synchronizer (S2) is in right position and the 8th free gear (G9) combines.Power is inputted by input shaft (A1), through the transmission of the first fixed gear (G1), the second free gear (G3), the 8th free gear (G9) and the 3rd fixed gear (G14), is exported by output shaft (A5).
Advance six gears, and the 3rd friction clutch (C3) closes, and the 3rd synchronizer (S3) is in right position and the 9th free gear (G10) combines.Power is inputted by input shaft (A1), through the transmission of the first fixed gear (G1), the 3rd free gear (G4), the 9th free gear (G10) and the 3rd fixed gear (G14), is exported by output shaft (A5).
Slow astern keeps off, and the first friction clutch (C1) closes, and the 4th synchronizer (S4) is in left position and the tenth free gear (G11) combines.Power is inputted by input shaft (A1), through the transmission of the first fixed gear (G1), the first free gear (G2), the tenth free gear (G11), the 11 free gear (G12) and the 4th fixed gear (G15), is exported by output shaft (A5).
The gear shift operation of three clutch speed-changers of the present invention is very quick, and shift process needs to proceed in two phases, and is first the synchronizer in conjunction with a certain gear, and then in conjunction with the friction clutch of this gear.Now illustrate the shift process of three clutch speed-changers.Suppose that three clutch speed-changer works at present are in advance two gear, then the second synchronizer (S2) is in left position, and the second friction clutch (C2) is in closed state, and the first friction clutch (C1) and the 3rd friction clutch (C3) are in off state.Under the state that three clutch speed changers work in advance two gear, in advance the first synchronizer (S1) and the 3rd synchronizer (S3) are all placed in left position, first synchronizer (S1) and the 4th free gear (G5) are combined, 3rd synchronizer (S3) and the 6th free gear (G7) combine, because the first friction clutch (C1) and the 3rd friction clutch (C3) are off state, thus these two synchronizers and free gear in conjunction with very well.If need to switch to advance one gear, can quick and stable shift gears in conjunction with the first friction clutch (C1) while disconnecting the second friction clutch (C2); If need to switch to ahead three gear, can quick and stable gearshift in conjunction with the 3rd friction clutch (C3) while disconnecting the second friction clutch (C2).Compared with dual-clutch transmission, three clutch speed-changers there will not be the situation selecting mistake in advance, no matter are that upshift or downshift can realize fast.
Transmission scheme shown in Fig. 1 can realize advance six gear and a slow astern gear, if need the gear increasing speed changer, can increase free gear and synchronizer, and on output shaft, increase some fixed gears on jack shaft.Fig. 2 is the situation signal of three clutch speed changer gear expansions, the first jack shaft increases a free gear, and increase a fixed gear on output shaft, can realize seven forward gears and a retrogressing gear.Only need increase several part again on the basis of Fig. 2, three clutch speed changers just can realize more gear, and therefore three clutch speed changers are easy to the requirement realizing gear expansion and many gearizations.
As can be seen from foregoing teachings, three friction clutches alternately participate in transmission of power, to realize fast shifting gears reposefully.The gear of the work that the first friction clutch (C1) participates in can be integer with 3n+1(n) represent, such as 1,4,7 gears; The gear of the work that the second friction clutch (C2) participates in can be integer with 3n+2(n) represent, such as 2,5,8 gears; The gear of the work that the 3rd friction clutch (C3) participates in can be integer with 3n(n) represent, such as 3,6,9 gears.
Claims (3)
1. automobile-used three clutch speed-changers, be made up of an input shaft (A1), output shaft (A5), three jack shafts (A2, A3, A4), three friction clutches (C1, C2, C3), four synchronizers (S1, S2, S3, S4), four fixed gears (G1, G13, G14, G15) and 11 free gears (G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, G8, G9, G10, G11, G12), it is characterized in that: input shaft (A1) is coaxially arranged with output shaft (A5), their dead in line; First fixed gear (G1) is arranged on input shaft (A1), and it engages with the first free gear (G2), the second free gear (G3) and the 3rd free gear (G4) simultaneously; First jack shaft (A2) is provided with the first free gear (G2), the 4th free gear (G5), the 7th free gear (G8), the tenth free gear (G11), the first friction clutch (C1), the first synchronizer (S1) and the 4th synchronizer (S4); Second jack shaft (A3) is provided with the second free gear (G3), the 5th free gear (G6), the 8th free gear (G9), the 11 free gear (G12), the second friction clutch (C2) and the second synchronizer (S2); 3rd jack shaft (A4) is provided with the 3rd free gear (G4), the 6th free gear (G7), the 9th free gear (G10), the 3rd friction clutch (C3) and the 3rd synchronizer (S3); Output shaft (A5) is provided with the second fixed gear (G13), the 3rd fixed gear (G14), the 4th fixed gear (G15); Second fixed gear (G13) keeps engaging with the 4th free gear (G5), the 5th free gear (G6), the 6th free gear (G7) simultaneously; 3rd fixed gear (G14) keeps engaging with the 7th free gear (G8), the 8th free gear (G9), the 9th free gear (G10) simultaneously; 11 free gear (G12) keeps engaging with the tenth free gear (G11) and the 4th fixed gear (G15) simultaneously; The gear that first friction clutch (C1) participates in work can be integer with 3n+1(n) represent, such as 1 gear and 4 gears; The gear that second friction clutch (C2) participates in work can be integer with 3n+2(n) represent, such as 2 gears and 5 gears; The gear that 3rd friction clutch (C3) participates in work can be integer with 3n(n) represent, such as 3 gears and 6 gears.
2. three clutch speed-changers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: all free gears can relatively rotate with their axle of supporting, but can not relative movement.
3. three clutch speed-changers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: all synchronizers can relative movement with their axle of supporting, but can not relatively rotate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510710631.7A CN105202128A (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2015-10-28 | Tri-clutch transmission for vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2015104837289 | 2015-08-10 | ||
| CN201510483728 | 2015-08-10 | ||
| CN201510710631.7A CN105202128A (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2015-10-28 | Tri-clutch transmission for vehicle |
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| CN105202128A true CN105202128A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510710631.7A Pending CN105202128A (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2015-10-28 | Tri-clutch transmission for vehicle |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106763571A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 龚小娥 | A kind of triple axle clutch speed variator |
| CN106838155A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-06-13 | 龚小娥 | A kind of triple axle clutch speed variator |
| IT201700039128A1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-10 | D P S S R L Dev And Prototyping Special Vehicles | Transmission group |
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| TW201507887A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-01 | Chen-Tai Sun | A multi-driveshafts transmission with traction drive synchronizer |
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| US4610177A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1986-09-09 | General Motors Corporation | Preselected multiratio transmission |
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| IT201700039128A1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-10 | D P S S R L Dev And Prototyping Special Vehicles | Transmission group |
| EP3388714A1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-17 | D.P.S. S.R.L. Development and Prototyping Special Vehicles | Transmission unit |
| CN108691960A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-23 | D.P.S.发展和原型特殊车辆公司 | Gear unit |
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Application publication date: 20151230 |