CN105196545A - Method for improving adhesion quality of polymer three-dimensional printed product by using instant adhesive - Google Patents
Method for improving adhesion quality of polymer three-dimensional printed product by using instant adhesive Download PDFInfo
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- CN105196545A CN105196545A CN201510681788.1A CN201510681788A CN105196545A CN 105196545 A CN105196545 A CN 105196545A CN 201510681788 A CN201510681788 A CN 201510681788A CN 105196545 A CN105196545 A CN 105196545A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the adhesion quality of a polymer three-dimensional printed product by using an instant adhesive. The method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing polymer raw materials added with an adsorbent, and then printing filaments through common plastic extrusion; (2) putting the filaments prepared in the step (1) to a polymer three-dimensional printer, and carrying out layering according to a three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain three-dimensional processing data of each layer and then carrying out an operation of three-dimensional printing; (3) in a printing process, uniformly adding the instant adhesive to certain layer of several layers of an object to be printed. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the problem that the three-dimensional printed product internally has higher porosity can be solved by adding the instant adhesive, and therefore the adhesion quantity and a stress strength between two layers can be improved by adopting the method; from the view of the effect, the adhesion strength of the printed product can exceed over 30% of that of a common three-dimensional printed product, and the tensile strength of the printed product can basically reach that of a common injection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality, belong to the 3 D-printing manufacturing technology field of polymeric material.
Background technology
Three-dimensional printing technology is a kind of increasing material manufacturing technology, completely different with conventional method in Manufacturing Models, it is based on the thought of discrete/accumulation, by computer software by the CAD 3D model of goods along certain direction hierarchy slicing process, obtain the machining information of every layer cross section profile, be layering through three-dimensional printer, thus quick and accurate processing and forming goes out to have prototype or the parts of certain function.As one of rapid shaping technique, three-dimensional printing technology can obtain product prototype fast, responds market demand rapidly, greatly shortens the research and development of products cycle, reduces R&D costs.Through development for a long time, having there is many different moulding process in three-dimensional printing technology, comprises laser selective sintering (SLS), Stereolithography (SLA), layer separated growth (LOM), fusion sediment technology (FDM) etc.
At present, the Study and appliance of three-dimensional printing technology is like a raging fire, its material be suitable for comprises metal, Inorganic Non-metallic Materials, high-molecular organic material and various forms of composites etc., its raw material profile be suitable for has the solid-liquid forms such as powdery, granular, thread, sticky shape, the product printed also presents multiple color, multiple dimensioned, multiple material, multiple application category etc., the printing device of its correspondence also present multi-functional, become more meticulous, the feature such as judicial convenience.
But, the Forming Quality problem of 3 D-printing goods is effectively solved always, especially the bonding quality of goods is bad can reduce it by force intensity, makes the product strength printed will lower than the bulk strength of traditional processing (such as normal injection is shaping) product.This is that the goods inside obtained due to existing Method of printing also exists more hole, and goods lost efficacy at stressed rear easy cracking.Thus better printing shaping method is studied, reduce the goods internal void caused because material mutually piles up, the bonding quality improving 3 D-printing goods, with the requirement of satisfied printing product strength, has become current every profession and trade for the most urgent requirement of three-dimensional printing technology.
Apply adhesive and can be used as one of method improving 3 D-printing goods bonding quality.By cured form, adhesive can be divided into heat molten type and chemical reaction type etc., wherein, heat-fusible adhesive is main component with thermoplastic, is solid, is bonded by heating and melting under normal temperature, then cooling curing plays bonding force, and reaction-ing adhesive causes solidification by irreversible chemical change, react at normal temperatures or under other certain conditions, conventional reaction-ing adhesive comprises cyanoacrylate, polyurethane, epoxy resin etc.For the 3 D-printing of pressed powder, applying adhesive is the most common method with commonly using, and for the 3 D-printing of polymer, itself is just similar to heat-fusible adhesive, can directly rely on polymer melt inter-adhesive and naturally shaping, thus apply adhesive and be of little use in the polymer three-dimensional of routine prints.
Simultaneously, owing to self being among the change from melt to solid in polymer three-dimensional printing, thus in print procedure, directly apply adhesive and be not easy to realize, inappropriate applying can change the fusion disperse state between original printed material thus subsequent material can not normally be piled up, and has influence on follow-up print procedure.Analyze known, print procedure can have more requirement to applied bonding agent and bonding process thereof, and such as, the viscosity of adhesive self is low, thus can utilize the rapid uniform spreading of printing interval; Can rapid curing, and with pile up material and all can be combined fast for piling up between material; There is the adaptability in certain temperature range; Adhesive strength is high.
Cyanoacrylate reaction-ing adhesive belongs to instant adhesive, it seems to meet above requirement, but find in practice, it is very strict to the process entails directly added, because its solidification on polymer melt still needs certain hour, this makes to need very strictly to control its applied amount and the time slot of print procedure, although have been found that more suitable interpolation can improve bonding quality really, but also there will be because of applied amount or printing gap slightly deviation and the situation causing adhesive strength to decline on the contrary, thus, for directly applying this adhesive more easily, still need to record and ask more perfect method.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality, by adding instant adhesive between the layers when 3 D-printing, improve the intensity printing goods.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) extruded by common plastics after the polymer raw material being added with adsorbent being mixed and print filament silk material;
(2) silk material prepared by step (1) is put into polymer three-dimensional printer, carrying out layering according to the threedimensional model for printing, after obtaining the Three-dimension process data of every layer, carrying out the operation of 3 D-printing;
Which floor (3) in print procedure, instant adhesive is evenly added in certain one deck of printing objects or.This wherein to the basic demand of adhesive be own viscosity low, can rapid curing, there is the adaptability in certain temperature range and adhesive strength is high, thus, be its application type with instant adhesive.Simultaneously, this adhesive also requires it can soak into material surface fast and piles up between material with front and back to be combined fast, and these require to need the acting in conjunction of its adsorbent in described step (1) and just easilier under coordinating directly to apply in print procedure.
Wherein, in described step (3), when adding instant adhesive, can adopt and print application of adhesive after certain one deck, or directly apply along printing limit, limit, print scanned path.
As preferably, in described step (1), adsorbent accounts for adsorbent with the ratio of polymer raw material gross mass is 1.0% ~ 10%.It is 3.0% ~ 8% that such as adsorbent accounts for adsorbent with the ratio of polymer raw material gross mass, or the scope such as 4.0% ~ 5%.The less effect not having absorption of this content, thus be unfavorable for that instant adhesive soaks into material surface, and affect follow-up print procedure; This content is more, can reduce the self-strength of a material, is unfavorable for the raising of final strength.
As preferably, in described step (3), the thickness of instant adhesive remains between 0.1 ~ 0.5mm.
As preferably, the instant adhesive of described step (3) is cyanoacrylate.
For meeting follow-up print procedure, need the consumption controlling instant adhesive, thus by the curing time control of instant adhesive between 0.1 ~ 60 second.Such as between 0.1 ~ 5 second, or 5 ~ 15 seconds, 20 ~ 35 seconds, the scope such as 40 ~ 55 seconds.
Beneficial effect: the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality of the present invention, has the following advantages:
(1) add instant adhesive and can solve the problem that 3 D-printing goods inside also exists more porosity, thus adopt the method can improve two-layer between bonding quality and by force intensity, effect, the adhesive strength of the product printed can exceed more than 30% of common 3 D-printing goods adhesive strength, substantially can reach the hot strength of normal injection part;
(2) adding procedure of instant adhesive can be completely hand-manipulated, and it is convenient to implement, without the need to the change of any apparatus;
(3) point of addition of instant adhesive is very flexible, can add one deck wherein or several layers according to the needs of institute's printed product, can be part or all of, thus can add as required according to the loading characteristic of product, and process is simple;
(4) consumption that instant adhesive adds can independently be selected, and extremely flexibly, need not worry because consumption too much affects follow-up print procedure;
(5) hardening time of instant adhesive is short, does not affect the print speed of goods.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is print procedure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is conventional print procedure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum result of printing goods of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the conventional cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum result printing goods.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention mainly comprises a material preparation and adds two parts key technology details such as adhesive, and the difference of common 3 D-printing process can be as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Equipment aspect, the three-dimensional printer needing a Daepori to lead to and plastic extruder, three-dimensional printer can be use more popular Table top type three-dimensional printer at present, and also can adopt the three-dimensional printer of technical grade, the plastic extruder prepared for silk material can be singe screw or double-screw type.Raw material aspect, use bulk is ABS resin, and its trade mark is PA-757K, from Taiwan Qi Mei Chemical Co., Ltd., adding the auxiliary agent improving absorption property is wood powder shaped activated carbon, comes from Desheng, Liyang active carbon factory, its particle diameter is at about 60 μm, and specific area reaches 700 ~ 1200m
2/ g, the instant adhesive of applying is a-cyanoacrylate Instant adhesive, comes from Yiwu, Zhejiang adhesive producing works in unison.
Embodiment 1
First, printing silk material is manufactured.Raw material is taken: ABS:990g, wood powder shaped activated carbon: 10g according to weight below.To be the head of 3mm by diameter after the melting of common plastics extruder after ABS and the mixing of wood powder shaped activated carbon, through suitably stretching, obtained diameter be 3mm silk material, and in extrusion, melt temperature is 190 DEG C;
Secondly, the threedimensional model of the common tensile bars of banknotes-system in a computer, lift height is selected to be 0.3mm thus to be divided into 10 layers at the control software design of three-dimensional printer, software calculates the printing path of each layer automatically, wherein except the layer of highest and lowest, Print direction between all the other are two-layer just in time keeps contrary, thus forms the printing path of stagger mode;
Again, add in three-dimensional printer by silk material, the extruder head temperature controlling printer is 250 DEG C, and hott bed temperature is 110 DEG C, and starts to print by the print speed of 1200mm/h;
Afterwards, when the 1st layer of printing closes to an end, start to smear one deck instant adhesive with brush, brushing thickness is about 0.1mm, and now instant adhesive is adsorbed by silk material very soon and solidifies, and this time is only 0.5 second;
Then, the printing of the 2nd layer starts, because being subject to the high temperature action of silk material, fuse rapidly between adhesive and silk material, and continue to pile up on the 1st layer of printed top, position, like this, there is the adhesive of thin layer between the two layers, similar, respectively the 3rd and 4 layers, the 5th and 6 layers, the 7th and 8 layers, coat this adhesive between the 9th and 10 layers, terminate completely until print;
Finally, tensile property test is carried out to printed sample, test result is in table 1, simultaneously, to be quenched in its cross section metal spraying of having no progeny, under ESEM, observe the photo that obtains as shown in Figure 3, the effect that adhesive portion wherein will bond between two-layer, between the 3rd and the 4th layer, can be seen in the position of photo.
Embodiment 2
First, printing silk material is manufactured.Raw material is taken: ABS:950g, wood powder shaped activated carbon: 50g according to weight below.To be the head of 3mm by diameter after the melting of common plastics extruder after ABS and the mixing of wood powder shaped activated carbon, through suitably stretching, obtained diameter be 3mm silk material, and in extrusion, melt temperature is 190 DEG C;
Secondly, the threedimensional model of the common tensile bars of banknotes-system in a computer, lift height is selected to be 0.3mm thus to be divided into 10 layers at the control software design of three-dimensional printer, software calculates the printing path of each layer automatically, wherein except the layer of highest and lowest, Print direction between all the other are two-layer just in time keeps contrary, thus forms the printing path of stagger mode;
Again, add in three-dimensional printer by silk material, the extruder head temperature controlling printer is 250 DEG C, and hott bed temperature is 110 DEG C, and starts to print by the print speed of 1200mm/h;
Afterwards, one deck instant adhesive smeared by the movement brush just starting to follow printhead after starting printing at the 2nd layer, brushing thickness is about 0.5mm, consumption now because of instant adhesive is more, very not fast absorption solidification, this time is about 60 seconds, but the time needed for complete 2nd layer of printhead prints is enough to make its absorption solidification;
Then, the printing of the 3rd layer starts, because being subject to the high temperature action of silk material, fuse rapidly between adhesive and silk material, and continue to pile up on the 2nd layer of printed top, position, like this, there is the adhesive of thin layer between the two layers, similar, respectively the 5th and 6 layers, coat this adhesive between the 8th and 9 layers, terminate completely until print;
Finally, carry out tensile property test to printed sample, test result is in table 1.
Embodiment 3
First, printing silk material is manufactured.Raw material is taken: ABS:900g, wood powder shaped activated carbon: 100g according to weight below.To be the head of 3mm by diameter after the melting of common plastics extruder after ABS and the mixing of wood powder shaped activated carbon, through suitably stretching, obtained diameter be 3mm silk material, and in extrusion, melt temperature is 190 DEG C;
Secondly, the threedimensional model of the common tensile bars of banknotes-system in a computer, lift height is selected to be 0.3mm thus to be divided into 10 layers at the control software design of three-dimensional printer, software calculates the printing path of each layer automatically, wherein except the layer of highest and lowest, Print direction between all the other are two-layer just in time keeps contrary, thus forms the printing path of stagger mode;
Again, add in three-dimensional printer by silk material, the extruder head temperature controlling printer is 250 DEG C, and hott bed temperature is 110 DEG C, and starts to print by the print speed of 1200mm/h;
Afterwards, carry out a half the 4th layer of printing, start to smear instant adhesive with brush, brushing thickness is about 0.2mm, and the speed of brushing afterwards is equal with print speed, and instant adhesive also will be solidified by the absorption of silk material thereupon, and this time is about 5 seconds;
Then, after the printing of the 5th layer starts, instant adhesive is second half place's brushing of the 4th layer, and thus, the instant adhesive time of staying is between the two layers substantially equal, until the 5th layer print half after, stop brushing, after continuing to print, goods terminate completely;
Finally, carry out tensile property test to printed sample, test result is in table 1.
In order to be described effect of the present invention, list comparative example in addition, comparative result also lists in table 1, and wherein, comparative example 1 is the test result of normal injection product process condition through optimizing; Comparative example 2 is the test results of common 3 D-printing goods when not adding instant adhesive, and meanwhile, arranging of its technological parameter is completely consistent with embodiment 1, and the adhesive strength of these goods is about 70% of normal injection product tensile strength; In addition, the ESEM of the sample of comparative example 2 be the results are shown among Fig. 4; Comparative example 3 for add instant adhesive and technological parameter arrange and instant adhesive feed postition all consistent with embodiment 1 time test result, but it does not add adsorbent (wood powder shaped activated carbon), now in print procedure, because instant adhesive fails to soak into material surface and solidification in time, follow-up printing is affected, the product properties obtained is poorer, and its adhesive strength only reaches 35% of normal injection product tensile strength.
The tensile property of table 1 different materials compares
Can be found out by the data of table 1, the product tensile strength of embodiment 1 reaches more than 95% of normal injection part hot strength, 1/3 is exceeded than common 3 D-printing product tensile strength, thus show that the present invention can utilize quick-binding, the adhesive strength high of instant adhesive, under the suction-operated of adsorbent, significantly improve the density printing goods simultaneously, finally show porosity to reduce, the bonding quality printing goods can to improve.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. utilize instant adhesive to improve a method for polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) extruded by common plastics after the polymer raw material being added with adsorbent being mixed and print filament silk material;
(2) silk material prepared by step (1) is put into polymer three-dimensional printer, carrying out layering according to the threedimensional model for printing, after obtaining the Three-dimension process data of every layer, carrying out the operation of 3 D-printing;
Which floor (3) in print procedure, instant adhesive is evenly added in certain one deck of printing objects or.
2. the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), when adding instant adhesive, can adopt and print application of adhesive after certain one deck, or directly apply along printing limit, limit, print scanned path.
3. the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), adsorbent accounts for adsorbent with the ratio of polymer raw material gross mass is 1.0% ~ 10%.
4. the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described step (1), adsorbent accounts for adsorbent with the ratio of polymer raw material gross mass is 3.0% ~ 8%.
5. the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), the thickness of instant adhesive is 0.1 ~ 0.5mm.
6. the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the curing time control of the instant adhesive of described step (3) is between 0.1 ~ 60 second.
7. the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the curing time control of the instant adhesive of described step (3) is between 0.1 ~ 5 second.
8. the method utilizing instant adhesive to improve polymer three-dimensional printing goods bonding quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the instant adhesive of described step (3) is cyanoacrylate.
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