CN105195715A - Internal combustion engine aluminum piston with reinforced pin hole and preparation method of internal combustion engine aluminum piston - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine aluminum piston with reinforced pin hole and preparation method of internal combustion engine aluminum piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN105195715A CN105195715A CN201510710073.4A CN201510710073A CN105195715A CN 105195715 A CN105195715 A CN 105195715A CN 201510710073 A CN201510710073 A CN 201510710073A CN 105195715 A CN105195715 A CN 105195715A
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Abstract
The invention provides an internal combustion engine aluminum piston with a reinforced pin hole and a preparation method of the internal combustion engine aluminum piston. The internal combustion engine aluminum piston with the reinforced pin hole is characterized in that an aluminum-based ceramic fiber reinforcement ring (3) integrally formed with a piston body is embedded and cast in a piston pin hole (2) reserved in a piston pin seat (1), and the piston check mouth side of the aluminum-based ceramic fiber reinforcement ring (3) is provided with a positioning plane (4). According to the method, a pressure casting process is adopted, in the casting process, liquid aluminum alloy is immersed into a ceramic fiber sleeve prefabricated member for being combined with the ceramic fiber sleeve prefabricated member, so that the aluminum-based ceramic fiber reinforcement ring (3) which is made of aluminum-based ceramic fiber reinforced composite materials and integrally formed with the piston body is obtained. According to the internal combustion engine aluminum piston with the reinforced pin hole and the preparation method of the internal combustion engine aluminum piston, the high-temperature fatigue intensity of the piston pin hole reinforced by the ceramic fiber composite materials can be improved by 20%-30% compared with an ordinary pin hole, the linear expansion coefficient can be lowered by 20%, and the wear resistance can be twice that of the ordinary aluminum pin hole; the internal combustion engine aluminum piston has the advantage of being high in pin hole thermal fatigue strength compared with an ordinary aluminum piston.
Description
Technical field
A kind of aluminium piston of IC engine strengthening pin-and-hole and preparation method thereof, belongs to engine piston technical field.
Background technology
The Diesel engine being matched in truck, engineering machinery, boats and ships etc. at present all constantly to high-power, high load capacity future development; The petrol engine being matched in the passenger car such as car, SUV also constantly to high-power, high-revolving future development.Reinforcing degree and the explosion pressure of engine improve constantly, and emission request is also more and more stricter, and this is just to the critical moving components in engine---piston is had higher requirement.Piston is as the heart of engine, and subject the periodic heat of high-temperature fuel gas and the high pressure load of alternation in the course of the work, its working environment is very severe.
The key seat position of piston pin hole upper side is the main portions of piston bearing load, along with the raising of engine performance parameter, traditional Casting Aluminum Piston pin-and-hole has been difficult to bear higher pressure and high-temperature load, often in use there is the phenomena of the failure such as pin-and-hole fatigue cracking, inordinate wear or piston pin locking, directly have influence on the performance of engine, the serious destruction even causing body.
For above-mentioned situation, there is again the design of inlaying copper bush after piston pin hole, having served effect to solving the problem.But, the copper bush of pin-and-hole edge itself is the two parts be separated with piston only, by interference fit, copper bush is installed in piston aluminium pin-and-hole, due to the distortion of piston high-temperature expansion and the interaction force between piston pin and lining in engine operation, there is the risk that copper bush comes off, reliability is not very high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides aluminium piston of IC engine of the enhancing pin-and-hole that a kind of high temperature fatigue strength is high, linear expansion coefficient is little and preparation method thereof.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the aluminium piston of IC engine of this enhancing pin-and-hole, comprise piston only, piston only bottom is provided with piston boss, in piston pin hole reserved on described piston boss castingin have one with piston only Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring integrally, the piston seam side of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring is provided with plane of orientation.
The present invention's castingin in the piston pin hole of aluminium piston of IC engine has an Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring, immerse high-temperature liquid state aluminium alloy by ceramic fibre sleeving pressurization to make, liquid aluminium alloy is the casting liquid aluminium alloy of piston only, make Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring become to be integrated with piston only, solve the problem that tradition enhancing lining comes off.This new structure piston has the feature of applied range, both can be applicable to the engineering machinery of high-power, high load capacity, the Diesel engine such as automobile-used, peculiar to vessel, also may be used for the petrol engine that power is high, detonation pressure is large, rotating speed is high.
The ring wall thickness that described ceramic fibre strengthens ring is 1mm ~ 15mm.
Described piston only inside has the cooling oil duct of annular, the end face of piston only has combustion chamber, piston only outer surface has multiple tracks piston ring groove.
Described plane of orientation to the distance L of piston pin hole center line, the exradius size RT of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring, 0 < L < RT.The concrete size of L can do corresponding adjustment according to the actual demand of piston.
The material of described piston only is Birmasil.
A kind of preparation method of aluminium piston of IC engine of above-mentioned enhancing pin-and-hole, it is characterized in that: piston only first pre-installs ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component in a mold when casting, and when adopting pressure casting process to make casting, liquid aluminium alloy immerses in ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component and is combined with ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component, thus obtain the Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring with piston only Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites integrally.
In the casting process of aluminium recovery, pressure casting process is adopted in method of the present invention, make liquid aluminium alloy be immersed in ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component, in piston only, after immersing the ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component cooling after liquid aluminium alloy, obtain the Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring with the Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites of piston only one.The density of this enhancing ring is little, and quality is light, can not come off, and with piston only thermal expansion than consistent, plays and improves piston pin hole thermal fatigue strength, improves the effects such as pin-and-hole Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant performance.The piston pin hole strengthened with ceramic fibrous composite material is relative to conventional aluminium pin-and-hole, and high temperature fatigue strength can improve 20% ~ 30%, and linear expansion coefficient can reduce by 20%, and wearability can reach 2 times of conventional aluminium pin-and-hole; Inlay the piston scheme comparison of copper bush with pin-and-hole, the present invention program can solve the problem that lining comes off, and production cost reduces.This novel piston pin hole structure can be applied on the Casting Aluminum Piston such as diesel engine or gasoline engine simultaneously, and range of application widely.The present invention effectively improves the performance of piston pin hole.
Described pressure casting process adopts the technology mode of inert gas pressure casting.Inert gas pressure is cast, and prevents liquid aluminium alloy in liquid aluminium alloy immersion process partially oxidized, affects the intensity of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring.
The concrete preparation process of described pressure casting process is:
1) according to geomery and the requirement of strength manufacture processing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of piston boss, piston pin hole, ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component inner circle reserves the machine-finish allowance of piston pin hole and jump-ring slot, makes installation plane of orientation in the piston seam side of ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component simultaneously;
2) the ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component being preheating to 820 DEG C ~ 920 DEG C is arranged in the mould of piston only casting, the liquid aluminium alloy of 730 DEG C ~ 820 DEG C is poured into a mould in mould, after casting complete, by the inert gas of milling dead head pressurization 4bar ~ 6bar pressure, liquid aluminium alloy is immersed in ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component be combined with its ceramic fibre material, after cooling and mould unloading, form the piston blank with the Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring of Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites;
3) piston blank milling dead head, through post processing and get final product.
In pressure casting process, the most important thing is above-mentioned steps 2) casting step, before casting first by ceramic fibre sleeving preform preheat to be beneficial to liquid aluminium alloy immerse temperature, then the flow regime of liquid aluminium alloy is controlled by liquid aluminium alloy temperature, pass through Stress control simultaneously, ensure before cooling, liquid aluminium alloy appropriate in ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component can be immersed in, realize the maximum heat fatigue strength strengthening ring.
Described inert gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
Described ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component is that alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton makes raw material, makes with vacuum forming technique.Ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component can adopt commercially available ceramic fibre sleeving, cuts out plane of orientation, has superior resistance to elevated temperatures and rigidity, and has suitable self-supporting strength, the pressure that during applicable pressure casting process, liquid aluminium alloy casting is formed.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine strengthening pin-and-hole of the present invention and preparation method thereof has is: the new structure aluminium piston of IC engine that pin-and-hole position ceramic fibrous composite material involved in the present invention strengthens, the piston pin hole strengthened with ceramic fibrous composite material is relative to conventional aluminium pin-and-hole, high temperature fatigue strength can improve 20% ~ 30%, linear expansion coefficient can reduce by 20%, and wearability can reach 2 times of conventional aluminium pin-and-hole; Relative to conventional aluminium piston, there is the high feature of pin-and-hole thermal fatigue strength, effectively can prevent the fatigue cracking of piston pin hole; Piston pin hole wearability is good and high temperature resistant, can prevent the inordinate wear of piston pin hole.Compared with the piston inlaying copper lining with pin-and-hole, the Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites formed around inventive piston pin-and-hole and piston only are combined into one, and can solve the problem that lining comes off.Program manufacturing process is easy, and production cost is low, can substitute the plunger designs of former pin-and-hole edge copper bush completely.Meet the developing direction of present engine, prospect is very wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of major axis profile strengthening the aluminium piston of IC engine of pin-and-hole of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of minor axis profile strengthening the aluminium piston of IC engine of pin-and-hole of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, piston boss 2, piston pin hole 3, Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring 4, plane of orientation 5, cooling oil duct.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1,2 is most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2, the present invention will be further described.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, 2: a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine strengthening pin-and-hole of the present invention, comprise piston only, piston only bottom is provided with piston boss 1, in piston pin hole 2 reserved on piston boss 1 castingin have one with piston only Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring 3 integrally, the piston seam side of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring 3 is provided with plane of orientation 4, the exradius size RT of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring, the radius size RZ of piston boss 1, the radius size RK of piston pin hole 2, RK < RT < RZ, wherein RZ 1mm ~ 15mm larger than RK, piston only inside has the cooling oil duct 5 of annular, the end face of piston only has combustion chamber, piston only outer surface has multiple tracks piston ring groove, plane of orientation 4 arrives the distance L of piston pin hole 2 center line, the exradius size RT of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring, 0 < L < RT, the material of piston only is Birmasil.
Embodiment 1
1) as Fig. 1,2, according to geomery and the requirement of strength manufacture processing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of piston pin hole 2, piston boss 1, prefabricated component inner circle reserves the machine-finish allowance of piston pin hole 2 and jump-ring slot, and on the downside of prefabricated component, (piston seam side) is made and installed plane of orientation 4 simultaneously;
2) machining piston casting mould, mould processes the pin installing fixing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component, and the plane of orientation of the corresponding ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of pin root processes locating platform;
3) the ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component being preheating to 880 DEG C is arranged on mould, pour into a mould the liquid aluminium alloy of 740 DEG C, after casting complete, the nitrogen inert gas pressure of 5bar is added by milling dead head, liquid aluminium alloy immersed in prefabricated component and is fully combined with ceramic fibre material, after cooling and mould unloading, forming Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites;
4) piston blank milling dead head, heat treatment, semi-finished product roughing;
5) process the positions such as cooling oil duct 5, piston ring groove, combustion chamber, pin-and-hole, jump-ring slot, cylindrical respectively according to piston design, last surface treatment, completes Product processing.
Embodiment 2
1) as Fig. 1,2, according to geomery and the requirement of strength manufacture processing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of piston pin hole 2, piston boss 1, prefabricated component inner circle reserves the machine-finish allowance of piston pin hole 2 and jump-ring slot, and on the downside of prefabricated component, (piston seam side) is made and installed plane of orientation 4 simultaneously;
2) machining piston casting mould, mould processes the pin installing fixing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component, and the plane of orientation of the corresponding ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of pin root processes locating platform;
3) the ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component being preheating to 850 DEG C is arranged on mould, pour into a mould the liquid aluminium alloy of 760 DEG C, after casting complete, the nitrogen inert gas pressure of 5bar is added by milling dead head, liquid aluminium alloy immersed in prefabricated component and is fully combined with ceramic fibre material, after cooling and mould unloading, forming Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites;
4) piston blank milling dead head, heat treatment, semi-finished product roughing;
5) process the positions such as cooling oil duct 5, piston ring groove, combustion chamber, pin-and-hole, jump-ring slot, cylindrical respectively according to piston design, last surface treatment, completes Product processing.
Embodiment 3
1) as Fig. 1,2, according to geomery and the requirement of strength manufacture processing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of piston pin hole 2, piston boss 1, prefabricated component inner circle reserves the machine-finish allowance of piston pin hole 2 and jump-ring slot, and on the downside of prefabricated component, (piston seam side) is made and installed plane of orientation 4 simultaneously;
2) machining piston casting mould, mould processes the pin installing fixing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component, and the plane of orientation of the corresponding ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of pin root processes locating platform;
3) the ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component being preheating to 920 DEG C is arranged on mould, pour into a mould the liquid aluminium alloy of 730 DEG C, after casting complete, the argon inert gas pressure of 6bar is added by milling dead head, liquid aluminium alloy immersed in prefabricated component and is combined with ceramic fibre material, after cooling and mould unloading, forming Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites;
4) piston blank milling dead head, heat treatment, semi-finished product roughing;
5) process the positions such as cooling oil duct 5, piston ring groove, combustion chamber, pin-and-hole, jump-ring slot, cylindrical respectively according to piston design, last surface treatment, completes Product processing.
Embodiment 4
1) as Fig. 1,2, according to geomery and the requirement of strength manufacture processing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of piston pin hole 2, piston boss 1, prefabricated component inner circle reserves the machine-finish allowance of piston pin hole 2 and jump-ring slot, and on the downside of prefabricated component, (piston seam side) is made and installed plane of orientation 4 simultaneously;
2) machining piston casting mould, mould processes the pin installing fixing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component, and the plane of orientation of the corresponding ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of pin root processes locating platform;
3) the ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component being preheating to 820 is arranged on mould, pour into a mould the liquid aluminium alloy of 820 DEG C, after casting complete, the nitrogen inert gas pressure of 4bar is added by milling dead head, liquid aluminium alloy immersed in prefabricated component and is combined with ceramic fibre material, after cooling and mould unloading, forming Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites;
4) piston blank milling dead head, heat treatment, semi-finished product roughing;
5) process the positions such as cooling oil duct 5, piston ring groove, combustion chamber, pin-and-hole, jump-ring slot, cylindrical respectively according to piston design, last surface treatment, completes Product processing.
Comparative example 1
Preparation process, with embodiment 1, is 700 DEG C unlike the preheat temperature of ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component in step 3, and the temperature of pouring liquid aluminium alloy is 820 DEG C.
Comparative example 2
Preparation process, with embodiment 1, is 2bar unlike the pressure of nitrogen inert gas added by milling dead head in step 3.
Comparative example 3
With embodiment 1 same specification conventional cast aluminium piston of IC engine.
The performance test results of table 1 embodiment and the made same specification every batch aluminium recovery of comparative example.
。
Comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are compared can find out with the embodiment of the present invention, when just process conditions change, cannot obtain the Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring of function admirable, not only can not strengthen the performance of piston, even cause the performance of piston poorer.Comparative example 3 and the embodiment of the present invention are compared and can be found out, the performance originally with the piston of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring obtains larger raising compared to the properties of conventional cast aluminium piston of IC engine.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind strengthens the aluminium piston of IC engine of pin-and-hole, comprise piston only, piston only bottom is provided with piston boss (1), it is characterized in that: upper reserved piston pin hole (2) interior the castingin of described piston boss (1) have one with piston only Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring (3) integrally, the piston seam side of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring (3) is provided with plane of orientation (4).
2. a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine strengthening pin-and-hole according to claims 1, is characterized in that: the ring wall thickness that described ceramic fibre strengthens ring (3) is 1mm ~ 15mm.
3. a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine strengthening pin-and-hole according to claims 1, it is characterized in that: described piston only inside has the cooling oil duct (5) of annular, the end face of piston only has combustion chamber, piston only outer surface has multiple tracks piston ring groove.
4. a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine strengthening pin-and-hole according to claims 1, it is characterized in that: described plane of orientation (4) is to the distance L of piston pin hole (2) center line, the exradius size RT of Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring, 0 < L < RT.
5. a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine strengthening pin-and-hole according to claims 1, is characterized in that: the material of described piston only is Birmasil.
6. the preparation method of the aluminium piston of IC engine of the enhancing pin-and-hole described in any one of claims 1 ~ 5, it is characterized in that: piston only first pre-installs ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component in a mold when casting, and when adopting pressure casting process to make casting, liquid aluminium alloy immerses in ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component and is combined with ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component, thus obtain the Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring (3) with piston only Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites integrally.
7. a kind of preparation method strengthening the aluminium piston of IC engine of pin-and-hole according to claims 6, is characterized in that: described pressure casting process adopts the technology mode of inert gas pressure casting.
8. a kind of preparation method strengthening the aluminium piston of IC engine of pin-and-hole according to claims 6, is characterized in that, the concrete preparation process of described pressure casting process is:
1) according to geomery and the requirement of strength manufacture processing ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component of piston boss (1), piston pin hole (2), ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component inner circle reserves the machine-finish allowance of piston pin hole (2) and jump-ring slot, makes plane of orientation (4) in the piston seam side of ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component simultaneously;
2) the ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component being preheating to 820 DEG C ~ 920 DEG C is arranged in the mould of piston only casting, the liquid aluminium alloy of 730 DEG C ~ 820 DEG C is poured into a mould in mould, after casting complete, by the inert gas of milling dead head pressurization 4bar ~ 6bar pressure, liquid aluminium alloy is immersed in ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component be combined with its ceramic fibre material, after cooling and mould unloading, form the piston blank with the Al-base ceramic fiber reinforcement ring of Al-base ceramic fibre reinforced composites;
3) piston blank milling dead head, through post processing and get final product.
9. a kind of preparation method strengthening the aluminium piston of IC engine of pin-and-hole according to claims 7 or 8, is characterized in that: described inert gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
10. a kind of preparation method strengthening the aluminium piston of IC engine of pin-and-hole according to claims 6 or 8, is characterized in that: described ceramic fibre sleeving prefabricated component is that alumina silicate heat-preservation cotton makes raw material, makes with vacuum forming technique.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510710073.4A CN105195715A (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | Internal combustion engine aluminum piston with reinforced pin hole and preparation method of internal combustion engine aluminum piston |
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| CN201510710073.4A CN105195715A (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | Internal combustion engine aluminum piston with reinforced pin hole and preparation method of internal combustion engine aluminum piston |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107971704A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-01 | 无锡龙筠模具制造有限公司 | A kind of hard material sliding block pin hole matches somebody with somebody manual labour skill |
| CN112648104A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-13 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Whisker reinforced aluminum alloy piston and preparation method thereof |
| CN112901365A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-06-04 | 李斯特技术中心（上海）有限公司 | Combined type piston and engine |
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| CN112648104B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-07-19 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Whisker reinforced aluminum alloy piston and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112901365B (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-06-21 | 李斯特技术中心（上海）有限公司 | Combined type piston and engine |
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Application publication date: 20151230 |