CN105190088A - Torque transmission device - Google Patents
Torque transmission device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105190088A CN105190088A CN201480025321.5A CN201480025321A CN105190088A CN 105190088 A CN105190088 A CN 105190088A CN 201480025321 A CN201480025321 A CN 201480025321A CN 105190088 A CN105190088 A CN 105190088A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pendulum mass
- transfer unit
- pendulum
- described pendulum
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/14—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers
- F16F15/1407—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using masses freely rotating with the system, i.e. uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers the rotation being limited with respect to the driving means
- F16F15/145—Masses mounted with play with respect to driving means thus enabling free movement over a limited range
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
Transmission device (100) for torque, comprising: a friction disc clutch (120); and a damper (125) having a pendulum flange (175) and a pendulum mass (180). The pendulum mass (180) is designed as a trapezoidal pendulum, and the friction disk clutch (120) and the damper (125) are operated in a common fluid bath.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transfer unit for torque.The invention particularly relates to a kind of transfer unit with vibration filters and starting clutch.
Background technique
Starting clutch is configured to friction-disc clutch usually.By axial pressure, the friction disk be connected with input side or the outlet side of starting clutch in the mode that torque is sealed be brought into rub sealed in, to make realize transmission of torque between input side and outlet side.At this, axially handle and such as can hydraulically realize.Such friction-disc clutch can be employed as starting clutch or in the framework of double clutch individually.
In order in power train, especially damped rotation nonuniformity in the power train of Motor Vehicle, applying centrifugal force pendulum is known.At this, usual pendulum flange is equipped with multiple pendulum mass, and these pendulum masses are movably disposed within the rotational plane of pendulum flange.Pendulum mass in circumferential direction, along or the movement of sense of rotation against pendulum flange, be attended by the inside radial motion of pendulum mass at this.Can reduce torsional vibration efficiently thus, it such as can be caused by driving motor, especially stroke piston formula internal-combustion engine.
By the known a kind of centrifugal force pendulum with trapezoidal hanging members of WO2012/171515A1, in this centrifugal force pendulum, pendulum mass can be moved about pendulum flange, and this motion comprises the movement in supporting plate and the rotation around another rotation axis.Described torsional vibration damper can be combined with spring element is used for vibration damping ground transmitting torque.
Summary of the invention
The object that the present invention is based on is, provides a kind of transfer unit for torque of improvement.
The present invention realizes this object by a kind of transfer unit for torque, and this transfer unit being used for torque has friction-disc clutch and vibration damper.This vibration damper comprises pendulum flange and pendulum mass, and wherein, described pendulum mass suspends according to the form of trapezoidal pendulum.At this, described pendulum mass is fixed in pendulum flange by this way, make the movement of pendulum mass in the rotational plane of pendulum flange along with the rotation of described pendulum mass around own axes, make the energy in pendulum mass be stored by its skew on the one hand and be stored by its torsion on the other hand.(aufstockend) of the preferred overlapping of motion of pendulum mass.Friction-disc clutch and vibration damper run in common fluid bath.
A transfer unit compact especially can be constructed with the combination of the centrifugal force pendulum also run in fluid mass by the friction-disc clutch of wet operation.Fluid especially can play lubricating function, refrigerating function and cleaning function on the friction element of friction-disc clutch, and wherein, same function also can be used to described vibration damper or for its pendulum mass.
Preferably, removable in the rotational plane of pendulum mass like this in pendulum flange, make the movement of pendulum mass in the sense of rotation of pendulum flange along with the rotation of described pendulum mass around another axis.The further rotation of pendulum mass can store extra energy, also makes to eliminate torsional vibration by a larger margin better.
According to another aspect, the further rotation of pendulum mass can produce the extra returning place force for returning place force that cause relative to the skew by pendulum mass, that be applied in the pendulum mass of skew on the direction to its non-deviation post, the amplitude that pendulum mass for eliminating torsional vibration is offset can be reduced, and also can reduce thus for the installing space demand of described vibration damper or the torsional vibration that can eliminate when same installing space by a larger margin.
One preferred embodiment in, pendulum mass is like this can the mode of movement in the rotational plane of pendulum flange settle, make when described pendulum mass moves in the sense of rotation of pendulum flange, the front edge of described pendulum mass is directed in the mode of the rotation axis closer to this pendulum flange for rear edge.Therefore the motion inwardly pointed to diametrically of this front edge can be greater than rear edge.Thus, pendulum mass can increase around the torsion of an axis (being different from the rotation axis of pendulum flange), and avoids being arranged in pendulum flange the risk that the adjacent pendulum mass circumferentially around the rotation axis of pendulum flange collides with each other.
In a particularly preferred mode of execution, above-mentioned mobile time, the front edge of pendulum mass is inwardly led diametrically about pendulum flange, and described rear edge is outwards led diametrically.The torsion of pendulum mass can be increased further thus.The rear edge of pendulum mass is preferably only so directed to greatly radially outwardly, makes the radial outside of pendulum mass not stretch out the radially outer border of pendulum flange.
In a mode of execution of pendulum mass, pendulum mass is mounted by the chute guiding device of two in pendulum mass, and the pin that each chute guiding device is included in the first breach in this pendulum mass, the second breach in this pendulum flange and extends through described breach.So can obtain layout closely, this layout ensures the mobility that pendulum mass is enough in pendulum flange.Described breach can be different from each other; Two breach outstanding can bend U-shaped, but bends in the opposite direction.
If pendulum mass is arranged in position of rest, then in the first modification through the line reclined a little on its breach of attaching troops to a unit of each pin, extend toward each other in the inner radial of described pin.Usually at this, the rotation axis of described pin distance pendulum flange has identical radial distance.
In another modification, the line reclined a little through pin extends toward each other at the radially outer of described pin.
In a particularly preferred mode of execution, be provided with the second friction-disc clutch, and described transfer unit is designed to double clutch.This second friction-disc clutch is run in common fluid bath in this and described first friction-disc clutch and described vibration damper.The advantage of the combination of the friction-disc clutch that trapezoidal pendulum and wet type are run can be extended on the wet double clutch run thus.
Preferably, pendulum flange is connected with the outlet side of the transfer unit for torque rigidly.Also more preferably, pendulum flange is arranged between two vibration dampers, and this pendulum flange can be rotated towards outlet side when overcoming the resistance of elastic suspension element.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is explained in detail, shown in accompanying drawing referring now to accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1: through the half-sectional view of the starting clutch of wet type;
The indicative icon of two mode of executions of the vibration damper in the starting clutch of Fig. 2: Fig. 1;
Fig. 3: the vibration damper of the Fig. 2 in skew; With
Fig. 4: the parallel pendulum conformed to the diagram of Fig. 3 in skew.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the transfer unit 100 for torque, and this transfer unit is exemplarily embodied as starting clutch here.Transfer unit 100 comprises input side 105 and outlet side 110, and described input side and outlet side are arranged in the mode can rotated around common rotation axis 115.Input side 105 can especially be implemented for being connected with the driven shaft of explosive motor, and outlet side 110 preferably can be configured to be connected in the mode of force closure with the input shaft of speed changer.Transfer unit 100 especially arranges and is used for, and becomes the part of power train, such as, on Motor Vehicle.
Transfer unit 100 also comprises friction-disc clutch 120 and vibration damper 125.In another embodiment, the second friction-disc clutch 120 can be provided with, make transfer unit 100 be configured to double clutch.Thus, attach troops to a unit usually to the second friction-disc clutch 120 and have another special outlet side 110.
In the embodiment as shown, input side 105 forms housing 130 simultaneously, and receiving in this housing has friction-disc clutch 120 and vibration damper.In housing 130, be also provided with fluid 135, this fluid in an orderly manner or disorderly circulation at the parts of housing 130 inside.
For this reason, multiple guide channel for fluid 135 can be provided with.In one embodiment, a guide channel in described guide channel arranges and is used for being connected with fluid pump.Fluid 135 arranges and is used for, and transmits the heat energy of housing 130 inside, receives the free particle that such as can be used as fine grit and exist, and the moveable element of lubrication in housing 130 inside.This fluid especially can comprise oil.
Input side 105 can comprise mating member 140, to make the coupling that can realize torque.The mating member 140 of Fig. 1 can such as arrange for fixing so-called flexible plate (Flexplate), for connecting the driven shaft of explosive motor.On the inner side of housing 130, companion flange 145 with torque in locking manner mode be connected with input side 105.In the axial direction input side 105 and companion flange 145, also referred to as clutch plunger between be furnished with friction disk 150.Two axial side of friction disk 150 can be furnished with friction facing 155, these friction facings alternatively with friction disk 150 or with input side 105 in other words companion flange 145 be permanently connected.The clutch plunger 145 be connected with housing 130 by leaf spring is removable in the axial direction.If clutch plunger 145 comes to be loaded hydraulic coupling from the side that it deviates from friction disk 150, then friction disk 150 can take to housing 130 or with the frictional fit of this clutch plunger 145 by it.
Friction disk 150 is connected with spacer flanger 160, and this spacer flanger is coupled in friction disk 150 at radially outer.In one embodiment, spacer flanger 160 is connected with outlet side 110 rigidly.But in the modification shown in Fig. 1, also be provided with the vibration damper 165 comprising pressure spring 170, this pressure spring be arranged in like this between spacer flanger 160 and outlet side 110 around rotation axis 115 one circumferentially, make, when outlet side 110 relatively rotates input side 105 relatively, this pressure spring is compressed.Pressure spring 170 is applied in pendulum flange 175, and this pendulum flange is connected with outlet side 110 rigidly.Pendulum flange 175 forms vibration damper 125 together with pendulum mass 180.Shown in this, preferred embodiment in, pendulum mass 180 comprises two pendulum elements 185, and these two pendulum elements are positioned at pendulum flange 175 on axially different side and are interfixed rigidly by caulking part 190.Caulking part 190 runs through the breach of pendulum flange 175, makes to guarantee the mobility of pendulum mass 180 in pendulum flange.
In a mode be more preferably, be different from the mode of execution shown in Fig. 1, pendulum flange 175 to be connected with outlet side 110 by another vibration damper and the manipulation resistance can resisting the spring of this vibration damper reverses towards outlet side 110.
Fig. 2 illustrates the indicative icon of two mode of executions of the vibration damper 125 in the starting clutch 100 of Fig. 1.In upper area, the first configuration of vibration damper 125 is shown, the second configuration of vibration damper 125 shown in lower area.Pendulum flange 175 is furnished with can the pendulum mass 180 of movement in rotational plane.In order to the pendulum rail of predefined pendulum mass 180, be provided with the first chute guiding device 205 and the second chute guiding device 210.The pin 225 that first chute guiding device 205 is included in the first breach 215 in pendulum mass 180, the second breach 220 in pendulum flange 175 and extends in the axial direction through described breach 215 and 220.Formed in a mode of execution of pendulum mass 180 by two pendulum elements 185, two pendulum elements 185 have on all four two breach 215.Pin 225 is neither fixedly mounted in pendulum mass 180 usually, is not also fixedly mounted in pendulum flange 175.Pin 225 is optionally embodied as ladder pin and with for abutting in the borderline flange of breach 220, and the end regions of this pin abuts on the border of breach 215.Second chute guiding device 210 and the first chute guiding device 205 correspondingly construct.
If pendulum flange 175 is in around in the rotation of rotation axis 115, then pendulum mass 180 is because centrifugal force is diametrically by external pressure, until its motion of pin 225 gauge.In the position illustrated, pendulum mass 180 is positioned at the position of outermost diametrically, and this position is called as position of rest or neutral position below.In neutral position, pin 225 has respectively and reclines a little 230 and recline a little 235 at borderline second of the second breach 220 at borderline first of the first breach 215.By each pin 225 recline a little 230 and 235 line 240 to extend toward each other at the radial outside of pin 225 and to intersect each other on the Radius through rotation axis 115.Every bar line 240 surrounds an angle beta with this radius.
If pendulum mass 180 in pendulum flange 175 in rotational plane along or move against sense of rotation, then chute guiding device 205 and 210 forces pendulum mass 180 on pendulum rail, and this pendulum rail causes the front edge of pendulum mass 180 and rear edge to change relative to the distance of rotation axis 115 respectively.The center of gravity of pendulum mass 180 is close to rotation axis 115, and pendulum mass 180 is reversed around own axes simultaneously, and this own axes is different from rotation axis 115.In predetermined movement, pendulum mass 180 depends on the size of angle beta around the torsion degree of this axis.
The configuration of the lower area of Fig. 2 conforms to upper area, and difference is, line 240 extends toward each other on the radially inner side of pin 225.Line 240 intersect each other on the Radius being positioned at rotation axis 115 a bit on.At this, described line surrounds angle [alpha] with this radius respectively.During pendulum mass 180 is mobile in pendulum mass 175, the degree of the torsion of pendulum mass depends on the size of angle [alpha] at this.In addition, the mode of execution shown in this runs as the mode of execution shown in Fig. 2 top.This mode of execution be preferred at Fig. 1 for the vibration damper 125 in the device 100 of transmitting torque.
Fig. 3 illustrates the situation of the vibration damper 125 of the lower illustration of Fig. 2 when offseting.The neutral position of above-mentioned pendulum mass 180 is shown in broken lines.The center of gravity s of unmigrated pendulum mass 180 indicates, the center of gravity s ' of the pendulum mass 180 offset indicates.The angle that line 240 surrounds with the Radius of rotation axis 115 respectively, indicates with α.Angle beta indicate described pendulum mass 180 along or skew against the sense of rotation of pendulum flange 175 during described pendulum mass 180 around the rotation of himself rotation axis 305.
If pendulum flange in the figure 3 representation 175 is rotated in a clockwise direction, then, with regard to sense of rotation, the front edge 310 of pendulum mass 180 is positioned at the right, and rear edge 315 is positioned at the left side.If pendulum mass 180 is moved on the direction of the rotational motion of pendulum flange 175, be to the right in figure 3, then its front edge 310 compares with its rear rim 315 and is more inwardly led diametrically significantly.In mode of execution shown in this, chute guiding device 205 and 210 is implemented in this wise, makes rear edge 315 even diametrically by slightly to outer guiding.
Fig. 4 illustrates the parallel pendulum 400 when the skew corresponding to the diagram of Fig. 3.The diagram of Fig. 4 is used for making comparisons with the trapezoidal pendulum 125 of Fig. 2 or 3.Parallel pendulum 400 constructs as trapezoidal pendulum 125, but difference is, the line 240 by pin 225 in the neutral position of pendulum mass 180 extends in parallel to each other.Usually they are also parallel to the Radius extension of rotation axis 115.It is seen that, be different from the situation of described trapezoidal pendulum, pendulum mass 180 in the diagram about the neutral position movement to the right that it marks with dotted line, with around the rotation of own axes.
reference numerals list
100 transfer units
105 input sides
110 outlet sides
115 rotation axiss
120 friction-disc clutch
125 vibration dampers
130 housings
135 fluids
140 mating members
145 companion flanges
150 friction disks
155 friction facings
160 spacer flangers
165 vibration dampers
170 pressure springs
175 pendulum flange
180 pendulum masses
185 pendulum elements
190 caulking parts
205 first chute guiding devices
210 second chute guiding devices
215 first breach
220 second breach
225 pins
230 first recline a little
235 second recline a little
240 lines
305 rotation axiss
310 front edges
315 rear edge
400 parallel pendulum
Claims (9)
1., for the transfer unit (100) of torque, comprising:
-friction-disc clutch (120); With
-vibration damper (125), it has pendulum flange (175) and pendulum mass (180),
-wherein, described pendulum mass (180) is fixed in described pendulum flange (175) like this, make the movement of described pendulum mass (180) in the rotational plane of described pendulum flange (175) along with the rotation of described pendulum mass (180) around own axes, make the energy in described pendulum mass (180) be stored by pendulum mass skew on the one hand and be reversed by pendulum mass to be on the other hand stored
-wherein, described friction-disc clutch (120) and described vibration damper (125) run in common fluid bath.
2. transfer unit according to claim 1 (100), wherein, described pendulum mass (180) is like this can the mode of movement in the rotational plane of described pendulum flange (175) settle, make when described pendulum mass (180) moves in the sense of rotation of described pendulum flange (175), the front edge (310) of described pendulum mass (180) is directed in the mode of the rotation axis closer to described pendulum flange (175) for rear edge (315).
3. transfer unit according to claim 2 (100), wherein, when mobile, described front edge (310) is inwardly led diametrically about described pendulum flange (175), and described rear edge (315) is outwards led diametrically.
4. according to the transfer unit (100) one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, described pendulum mass (180) is arranged in described pendulum flange (175) by two chute guiding devices (205,210), further, each chute guiding device (205,210) pin (225) of being included in the first breach (215) in described pendulum mass (180), the second breach (220) in described pendulum flange (175) and extending through these breach (215,220).
5. transfer unit according to claim 4 (100), wherein, when described pendulum mass (180) is in position of rest, the line (240) of the point that reclines (230,235) on the breach (215,220) that each pin (225) is attached troops to a unit at it extends toward each other in the inner radial of described pin (225).
6. transfer unit according to claim 5 (100), wherein, when described pendulum mass (180) is in position of rest, the line (240) of the point that reclines (230,235) on the breach (215,220) that each pin (225) is attached troops to a unit at it extends toward each other at the radially outer of described pin (225).
7. according to the transfer unit (100) one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, be provided with the second friction-disc clutch (120), and this transfer unit (100) is designed to double clutch.
8. according to the transfer unit (100) one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, described pendulum flange (175) is connected with the outlet side (110) of this transfer unit (100) rigidly.
9. according to the transfer unit (100) one of the claims Suo Shu, wherein, described pendulum flange (175) is connected with described outlet side (110) in the mode can rotated relative to described outlet side (110) by another vibration damper.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013208195.2 | 2013-05-06 | ||
| DE102013208195 | 2013-05-06 | ||
| PCT/DE2014/200192 WO2014180477A1 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-04-30 | Torque transmission device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105190088A true CN105190088A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN105190088B CN105190088B (en) | 2018-02-09 |
Family
ID=
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111350789A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Vibration damping device |
| CN113557373A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2021-10-26 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Vehicle damper and vehicle |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1414262A (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-04-30 | 艾勒根驱动工程有限责任公司 | Transmission with torsion vibration absorber and torsional flexibility coupling |
| WO2009152800A1 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-23 | Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs Kg | Double clutch |
| CN102141113A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-03 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Centrifugal pendulum vibration absorber |
| WO2012000482A3 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-04-19 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Centrifugal force pendulum device |
| CN102667228A (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-09-12 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Dual mass flywheel and clutch |
| CN102792056A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2012-11-21 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Damper unit and power transmission device having a damper unit of said type |
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1414262A (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-04-30 | 艾勒根驱动工程有限责任公司 | Transmission with torsion vibration absorber and torsional flexibility coupling |
| WO2009152800A1 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-23 | Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs Kg | Double clutch |
| CN102667228A (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-09-12 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Dual mass flywheel and clutch |
| CN102141113A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-03 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Centrifugal pendulum vibration absorber |
| CN102792056A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2012-11-21 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Damper unit and power transmission device having a damper unit of said type |
| WO2012000482A3 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-04-19 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Centrifugal force pendulum device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111350789A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Vibration damping device |
| CN111350789B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2023-09-19 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Vibration damper |
| CN113557373A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2021-10-26 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Vehicle damper and vehicle |
| CN113557373B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2023-09-22 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Shock absorber for vehicle and vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112014002293A5 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
| WO2014180477A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
| DE102014208219A1 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
| EP2994665A1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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