CN105186588A - Arc flash protection battery energy storage system, conversion system and protection method - Google Patents
Arc flash protection battery energy storage system, conversion system and protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105186588A CN105186588A CN201510252291.8A CN201510252291A CN105186588A CN 105186588 A CN105186588 A CN 105186588A CN 201510252291 A CN201510252291 A CN 201510252291A CN 105186588 A CN105186588 A CN 105186588A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
- H02H1/0015—Using arc detectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/093—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current with timing means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/38—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to both voltage and current; responsive to phase angle between voltage and current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/108—Parallel operation of dc sources using diodes blocking reverse current flow
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
- H02J7/00718—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current in response to charge current gradient
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an arc flash protection battery energy storage system and conversion system and protection method. A battery energy storage system is disclosed that includes a rechargeable battery assembly for storing and providing energy and a protection system containing an arc flash protection device to protect against arc flash hazards. The arc flash protection device includes an overcurrent protection unit that detects an overcurrent condition indicative of an arc flash condition in the case of a low impedance battery assembly; and an undervoltage protection unit that detects an undervoltage condition indicative of an arc flash condition with a low impedance battery assembly, wherein upon detection of the overcurrent condition and/or the undervoltage condition for a predetermined minimum time duration, the arc flash protection device initiates a protection measure to prevent further operation of the battery assembly. Energy conversion systems including such battery energy storage systems are also disclosed, which may be used for stationary and mobile energy supply or distribution applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery energy storage system field; and specifically normally there is the energy system of battery energy storage system; and comprise the battery energy storage system of arc-flash protection device; be specifically related to the energy conversion system with this battery energy storage system, and a kind of method for the protection of these systems.
Background technology
Battery energy storage system is used to many movements and stationary applications more and more.Such as, battery energy storage system uses together with the power supply-distribution system in electrical network, and wherein electrical network uses the regenerative resource shared.The balance of the power supply due to regenerative resource fluctuation allowed by energy content of battery storage device, level and smooth and the network stabilization of load balance and the improvement of network quality based on peak value, renewable photovoltaic energy from the daytime to conversion at night and/or wind energy to the conversion of low wind-force number of times, and therefore extend time interval in a reliable source of power is provided.The energy content of battery that battery energy storage system is widely used for using in the private enterprise stores power generating device, and exports the extensive device up to several megawatt electric, and in electric motor car.
Battery energy storage system and the power supply-distribution system based on it must be well protected for short circuit.Because impedance loop in supply and distribution network is relatively low, short circuit or insulation fault may cause the high short circuit current up to tens kA.Consider this point, flash arc-so-called arc-flash or arc fault-can be formed between components of the system, and cause the cause thermal damage of assembly potentially, and can people be jeopardized, and such as, the personnel of maintenance system.Therefore, dress suitable flameproof protection clothes and use proper implements there is need of work in arc-flash deathtrap.
In fact, be known for the various measure of the arc-flash that prevents them from causing and damage and fuse.Such as, suitably to arrange and the line-breaker of design and electrical fuse or cutout device can electric currents in outage situation, therefore avoid the further infringement to device.In fact, these measures are all based on overcurrent protection.If the fault current detected exceedes predefine threshold value, electric current is interrupted.
Have been found that thus, battery energy storage system can not be still adequately protected for short circuit current or fault current.Particularly, if when internal battery impedance rises, short circuit current may be strong not to being enough to trigger this overcurrent device potentially.The internal driving of battery is along with chemical property, its operating conditions of battery, and the temperature, charged state etc. of such as battery, change in a wide region.Battery or the system being connected to battery be short-circuited fault time, short circuit current is the function of internal battery impedance.If the intensity of short circuit current is equivalent to or is less than the intensity of nominal operation electric current, be difficult to the fault state with overcurrent protection maybe to be detected.If such short-circuit state is not detected always, this can cause lasting arc-flash, causes the sizable infringement of battery system, adjacent component, and may hurt people.
It is desirable for and all these short-circuit states detected, and triggering secure switch or another this device, to close this system safely.Particularly, the lasting arc-flash situation with low short circuit current also will be prevented from, to avoid damaging battery energy storage system and the system that is connected thereto, and in order to minimize health hazard to human life and risk.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, one is provided to have the battery energy storage system of battery packs (assembly) and the protection system for this battery packs.Described battery packs is suitable for storing and providing energy and rechargeable.Protection system comprises arc-flash protection device, protects battery packs and people for the harm for arc-flash.This arc-flash protection device is configured to for sensing the battery current transmitted by battery packs; and by it compared with predefine maximum current threshold value; sense the voltage transmitted by battery packs; and by it compared with predefine minimum voltage threshold; and; if the battery current sensed is greater than maximum current threshold value and/or the cell voltage that senses when being less than minimum voltage threshold, determine to occur arc-flash situation and starting protection measure, to prevent working on of battery packs.
Overcurrent protection and under-voltage protection is combined, to detect different short-circuit states and other fault current situations, to avoid or to prevent arc-flash situation in the present invention.If when representing that the battery current of the maximum permission battery current of failure condition or short-circuit conditions is exceeded, described arc-flash protection device ensure that battery current is interrupted, and therefore respective short circuit current or fault current are optionally cut off.In addition, the low voltage level of arc-flash protection units test cell voltage.If cell voltage is lower than predefine minimum voltage threshold; predefine minimum voltage threshold is lower than needed for normal battery pattern or a certain quantity of the minimum cell voltage allowed, even arc-flash protection units test fault trigger suitable protection device to prevent or avoid the low current intensity that arc-flash for a long time shows.These can not be detected by over-current protection device originally, and caused battery system or adjacent devices to be damaged, and endangered the health and lives of people.Therefore, the safety of the battery energy storage system of covering wide frequency spectrum and the basis of reliable operation is provided.The energy introduced under failure condition can be reduced to relatively not dangerous level, thus subtracts reduced-maintenance workload and cost.The battery energy storage system comprising arc-flash protection device of the present invention can be used in the stationary applications in the battery applications of any type, many MWh scope and Mobile solution, such as electric motor car etc.
This battery packs can comprise at least one battery module, and it is formed by several battery unit be connected in series, to provide minimum nominal DC voltage.Consider different embodiments, as required, this can be at least 450 volts and up to 600 volts or more.
One or more such battery module also can be connected in parallel, to realize the specified output of height of such as at least 0.5MW or even 1.0MW or more.This battery packs is applicable in conjunction with power supply-distribution system very much, stores power generating device to be formed for the energy content of battery that is private and commercial field.
Battery unit can based on any battery technology, such as, and lithium ion, plumbic acid, NI-G, sodium sulphur, sodium-nickel-chloride or other suitable technology any.
In one embodiment, battery energy storage system also comprises positive DC voltage supply connection, it is connected to the plus end of battery packs, and comprise negative DC voltage supply connection, it is connected to the negative terminal of battery packs, in this case, plus or minus DC voltage supply connection comprises gate-controlled switch as required, for the interruption of connection.Preferably, two DC voltage supply connection comprise suitable switch, and it can be used to be isolated with the system power be connected by battery when arc-flash situation being detected.Gate-controlled switch is preferably internal cell contactor, and advantageously, described contactor can be an integral part of battery module.
Preferably, battery energy storage system comprises current sensor, this current sensor senses the actual current transmitted by battery packs, and transmit the current signal representing the actual current sensed, also comprise voltage sensor, the current virtual voltage transmitted by battery packs of this voltage sensor sensing, and transmit the voltage signal representing the virtual voltage sensed.
In addition, battery energy storage system can comprise battery management system, for this rechargeable battery assembly of monitor and forecast.Described battery management system can perform multiple function, comprises battery unit protection, Charge controlled, load management, determines the health of charge condition of battery, determining unit, the balance etc. of cell voltage.Under any circumstance, battery management system preferably includes control device, and it determines the charge condition of battery packs, and detects and prevent overcharge and the overdischarge of battery packs.
Specifically, battery management system can be connected to described current sensor and voltage sensor, and it may be an integral part of battery module, so that from these part received current signal and voltage signal.In this case, control device can be changed to be suitable for compare the voltage signal and the discharge voltage limit that are transmitted by voltage sensor, to detect and to prevent the overdischarge situation of battery packs, this situation was discharged dark for normal running.
This discharge voltage limit is preferably chosen as the minimum voltage threshold being obviously greater than protection system and using in order to arc-flash protection.This voltage threshold can be chosen as at least one sesquialter larger than minimum voltage threshold.In one embodiment, wherein battery packs shows the maximum voltage of about 600 volts and the range of nominal tension of about 450 volts to 577 volts, the discharge voltage limit is preferably in the scope of 420 volts and 450 volts, and minimum voltage threshold is in the scope of 150 volts and 300 volts, preferably between 200 volts and 250 volts.
In a preferred embodiment, the protection system comprising arc-flash protection device is a part for battery management system.Advantageously, arc-flash protection device can easily be implemented, and is retrofitted in existing battery management system.This is specially adapted to receive when this battery management system the battery current signal and battery voltage signal that have sensed, and when using it for the control task of other such as discharge prevention.、
Alternatively, arc-flash protection device also can be implemented as and is separated with battery management system.Such as, it can be the control of the energy system using described battery energy storage system or an integral part of protection system.Then it can use the electric current identical with described battery management system and voltage sensor, or other transducer.It can drive the safety switch in the battery module identical with battery management system, or drives other safety switch be included in energy system.
In one embodiment of the invention, described battery energy storage system is just also being included in and/or fuse in negative DC voltage supply connection, such as electrical fuse or safety fuse, for when high strength short circuit current as required by described fuse interruptive current.
Preferably; described arc-flash protection device is connected to or is configured with timer; and be arranged to detect the duration very first time and the second time remaining phase; during the duration very first time; the battery current sensed is greater than maximum current threshold value; during the second time remaining phase; the cell voltage sensed is less than minimum voltage threshold; and detect arc-flash situation, and the duration very first time be greater than first maximum time threshold value and/or the described second time remaining phase be greater than the second maximum time threshold value time the starting protection precautionary measures.By considering time factor, the fault detect being attributable to the arc-flash situation of transient fault can be avoided or be reduced.Alternatively, or in addition, voltage and current signal also can use filters filter, such as, for the low pass filter of this object.
First maximum time threshold value be preferably less than described second maximum time threshold value.Therefore, high current arc flash of light is restricted to the shortest possible time remaining phase, to avoid potential fire damage.Considering small area analysis arc-flash, extending the time remaining phase detected in order to reduce any fault detect and fault to close, but, still enough short in any danger minimized system component and people.In one embodiment, described first maximum time threshold value, such as, be less than 0.020 second, such as, be about 0.013 second, and second maximum time threshold value be in the scope of 0.2 second and 1 second, preferably about 0.5 second.
Under any circumstance, second maximum time threshold value be less than characterize certain time remaining phase first discharge time threshold value, during this time remaining phase, the voltage signal that battery management system receives must lower than the discharge voltage limit, so that battery management system detects the overdischarge situation of battery packs.
In order to improve detect security further, arc-flash protection device also can comprise several voltage thresholds for under-voltage protection and time threshold, and in this case, voltage threshold is less, and time threshold can be less.In one embodiment; such as; arc-flash protection device is set to compare the cell voltage of sensing and predefined first minimum voltage threshold and is less than predefined second minimum voltage threshold of described first minimum voltage threshold; and the sensing of the cell voltage cell voltage sensed to be less than described first minimum voltage threshold or to(for) the phase very first time for less than the phase very first time second time interval be less than the second minimum voltage threshold time, starting protection measure is to prevent the further operation of battery packs.Nominal cell voltage use 450 and 577 volts in the exemplary embodiment of above-mentioned realization between, first minimum voltage threshold can be such as 300 volts, first time predefined phase can more than 500 milliseconds, it is such as 650 milliseconds, and the second minimum voltage threshold can be such as 150 volts, and when second interval can be less than 500 milliseconds, be such as 350 milliseconds.
Independent system (autonomous system) can be formed as according to battery energy storage system of the present invention or wind turbine, the solar-electricity field of force etc. can be integrated in.
According to a further aspect in the invention; provide a kind of energy conversion system; it has rechargeable battery piece installing for storing and providing energy; there is converter device; it is connected to described battery packs by DC intermediate circuit; with the input side DC voltage power conversion will transmitted by battery packs for outlet side AC voltage energy; and vice versa; and have protection system, this system comprises arc-flash protection device and protects energy conversion system and people for the danger for arc-flash.This arc-flash protection device is applicable to sense the battery current transmitted by battery packs; and by it compared with predefine maximum current threshold value; and sense the voltage that transmitted by battery packs and by it compared with predefine minimum voltage threshold; and if the cell voltage that the battery current of sensing is greater than maximum current threshold value and/or sensing is less than minimum voltage threshold; determine that arc-flash situation exists; and starting protection measure, to prevent the further operation of battery packs.
Energy conversion system can be used for various based in the application of battery, especially for power supply and/or the stationary applications of distribution.With regard to this point, the output of converter device can be connected to, such as network, such as public power network or independently network.This battery energy storage system can be designed to the energy from network hyperabsorption, and it is temporarily stored, to make it available within the time of low-yield supply.Energy conversion system can also be used to Mobile solution, such as, for electric automobile, bus or truck.
The battery packs of energy conversion system preferably includes multiple battery module, and each has multiple battery unit be connected in series, and wherein said battery module can be connected in parallel with each other and arrive common DC bus each other, and DC intermediate circuit is connected to DC bus.Therefore, the high voltage-rated needed for stored energy field of electric force is available with output.
In addition, energy conversion system can comprise one or more protection device, for protecting for fault current.It can comprise the positive DC voltage circuit being connected to battery packs plus end and/or the gate-controlled switch be connected in the negative DC voltage circuit of battery packs negative terminal, to make connection interrupt becoming possibility as required.Gate-controlled switch can be battery contactor, and it has been integrated in the battery module of battery packs.Alternatively or additionally, energy conversion system just can comprise and/or fuse in negative DC voltage supply connection, such as electrical fuse or safety fuse, for interrupting the electric current through the latter when high strength short circuit.Replaceable or additionally, during the earth fault circuit interrupter ground that can be arranged between plus or minus pole connection line and earth point connects, DC intermediate circuit is connected to plus or minus DC voltage supply connection thus, and earth point is such as systematically or localized mass.In addition, preferably replaceable or other parts, such as, rheostat etc. are arranged in use in the overvoltage protection on the DC voltage side of converter device and/or alternating voltage side.In addition, preferably, circuit breaker is arranged on the connection line of the converter device on DC voltage side and/or alternating current side.In case of a fault or in order to maintenance purpose, can the electric current ground single fail battery module of isolation or whole battery packs and all the other systems.
Preferably, battery management system, such as be assigned to the battery management system of each battery module, for monitoring and controlling rechargeable battery assembly can be set to, described system comprises control device, for determining the charge condition of battery packs, and detect and prevent overcharge and the overdischarge of battery packs.
Arc-flash protection device can be a part for battery management.Also can be integrated in individually or independently such as in the control of converter device or protection system.
In addition; consistent with first aspect; energy conversion system and assembly thereof are applicable to the explanation of embodiment and the favourable viewpoint of battery energy storage system; particularly battery packs and comprise arc-flash protection device, battery management system and the overcurrent of combination and the protection system of under-voltage protection, for prevention arc-flash.
According to another aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method for the harm protection battery energy storage system for arc-flash, wherein battery energy storage system comprises rechargeable battery assembly, for storing and providing DC voltage energy.The method comprises the following steps: sense the battery current transmitted by battery packs, and transmits the battery current signal characterizing described electric current; Relatively battery current signal and predefined maximum current threshold value; Sense the cell voltage transmitted by battery packs, and transmit the battery voltage signal characterizing described voltage; Relatively battery voltage signal and predefined minimum voltage threshold; And if battery current signal at least for the first minimum time duration be greater than maximum current threshold value and/or battery voltage signal at least minimum voltage threshold is less than for the second minimum time duration time, determine to occur arc-flash situation and starting protection measure to prevent the further operation of battery packs.
The advantageous embodiment of guard method according to a third aspect of the invention we and main points comprise respectively according to the battery energy storage system of the first and second aspects of the present invention and the advantageous embodiment of energy conversion system and main points.In order to avoid repeating, with reference to explanation above.
Other Advantageous details of the embodiment of the present invention can be inferred according to dependent claims, accompanying drawing and associated description.
The disclosure provides following technical scheme thus:
1. a battery energy storage system, comprising:
Battery packs (3), for storing and providing energy, wherein said battery packs (3) rechargeable;
Protection system (19), comprises arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') and protects for for the harm from arc-flash, and wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is configured to
Battery current (the I provided by described cell apparatus (3) is provided
b), and by itself and predefined maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) compare,
Voltage (the U provided by described battery packs (3) is provided
b), and by itself and predefined minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin) compare, and
If the battery current (I sensed
b) be greater than described maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) and/or the cell voltage (U that senses
b) be less than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin), then determine that arc-flash situation exists, and starting protection measure is to prevent the further operation of described battery packs (3).
2. the battery energy storage system according to technical scheme 1, wherein said battery packs (3) comprises at least one battery module (2), at least one battery module described is formed by the multiple battery units (6) be connected in series, and preferably includes multiple battery module (2) be connected in parallel.
3. the battery energy storage system according to technical scheme 1 or 2, the negative DC voltage supply connection (12) of the positive DC voltage supply connection (9) also comprising the plus end (7) being connected to described battery packs (3) and the negative terminal (8) being connected to described battery packs (3), just wherein said and/or negative DC voltage supply connection (9,12) comprises the gate-controlled switch (14,16) for disrupted circuit connection be as required arranged on wherein separately.
4. the battery energy storage system according to any one of technical scheme 1-3, also comprises
Current sensor (29), it senses the current actual current (I provided by described battery packs (3)
b), and the current signal of the actual current providing expression to sense, and
Voltage sensor (31), it senses the current virtual voltage (U provided by described battery packs (2)
b), and the voltage signal of the virtual voltage providing expression to sense.
5. the battery energy storage system according to any one of technical scheme 1-3, also comprise the battery management system (4) of rechargeable battery piece installing (3) described in for monitoring and controlling, and the charged state comprised for determining described battery packs (3) and for identify and prevent the overcharge of described battery packs (3) and the control device (22,23) of overdischarge.
6. the battery energy storage system according to technical scheme 5, wherein said battery management system (4) is connected to current sensor (29) and the voltage sensor (31) of described battery energy storage system (1), represents present battery electric current (I to receive from them
b) and current battery level (U
b) signal, and wherein said control device (23) is configured to compare the battery voltage signal and the discharge voltage limit (U that receive
blimit), to identify and to prevent the overdischarge situation of described battery packs (3).
7. the battery energy storage system according to technical scheme 6, the wherein said discharge voltage limit (U
blimit) higher than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin), preferably at least up to the half as much again of described minimum voltage threshold.
8. the battery energy storage system according to any one of technical scheme 5-7, wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is a part for described battery management system (4).
9. the battery energy storage system according to any one of technical scheme 3-8, also comprise just described and/or negative DC voltage supply connection (9,12) fuse (17,18) in, for interrupting the electric current flowing through it when high short circuit current as required.
10. the battery energy storage system according to any one of preceding solution, wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is set to measure the battery current (I sensed
b) be greater than described maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) the duration very first time (t at place
1) and the cell voltage (U that senses
b) be less than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin) the second time remaining phase (t at place
2), and if the described duration very first time (t
1) more than the first maximum time threshold value (T
max1) and/or described second time remaining phase (t
2) more than the second maximum time threshold value (T
max2), then starting protection measure.
11. battery energy storage system according to technical scheme 10, wherein said first maximum time threshold value (T
max1) lower than described second maximum time threshold value (T
max2).
12. battery energy storage system according to technical scheme 10 or 11, wherein said second maximum time threshold value (T
max2) lower than instruction certain time interval the limit (T discharge time
limit), when described during interval, described cell voltage (U
b) must lower than the described discharge voltage limit (U
blimit), to ensure that the overdischarge situation of described battery packs is identified.
13. battery energy storage system according to any one of preceding solution, wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is set to
Compare sensed cell voltage (U
b) and predefined first minimum voltage threshold and predefined second minimum voltage threshold, described second minimum voltage threshold is lower than described first minimum voltage threshold; And
If the cell voltage (U sensed
b) for the phase very first time lower than described first minimum voltage threshold; if or the cell voltage sensed for second period shorter than described first period lower than described second minimum voltage threshold, then starting protection measure is to prevent the further operation of described battery packs (3).
14. 1 kinds of energy conversion systems, comprising:
Battery packs (3), for storing and providing energy, wherein said battery packs (3) rechargeable;
Converter device (36), described battery packs (3) is connected to via DC link (40), be outlet side AC voltage energy for the input side DC voltage power conversion that described battery packs (3) is provided, or vice versa; And
Protection system (19,51), comprises arc-flash protection device (26,26 '), protects for for the harm from arc-flash, and wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is set to
Battery current (the I provided by described cell apparatus (3) is provided
b), and by itself and predefined maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) compare,
Voltage (the U provided by described battery packs (3) is provided
b), and by itself and predefined minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin) compare, and
If the battery current (I sensed
b) be greater than described maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) and/or the cell voltage (U that senses
b) be less than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin), then determine that arc-flash situation exists, and starting protection measure is to prevent the further operation of described battery packs (3).
15. energy conversion systems according to technical scheme 14, wherein said battery packs (3) comprises multiple battery module (2), it has multiple battery unit (6) be connected in series separately, and wherein said battery module (2) is parallel-connected to each other and is connected to described DC link (40) and is coupled to common DC bus (37).
16. energy conversion systems according to technical scheme 14 or 15, also comprise one or more following protection device and protect for for fault current:
Just and/or negative DC voltage supply connection (9,12) gate-controlled switch (14,16) in, it is connected respectively to the positive and negative terminal (7 of described battery packs (3), 8), to make the electric current flowing through it to interrupt as required;
Fuse (17,18) just and/or in negative DC voltage supply connection (9,12), for the interruptive current as required when high short circuit current;
Ground between plus or minus connection line and earth point connects the earth fault circuit interrupter (54) in (56), described DC link (40) is coupled with described positive and negative DC voltage supply connection (9,12) by described plus or minus connection line respectively;
The parts for surge protection (58,59,61) that the DC side and/or AC side of described converter device (36) provide; And
Circuit breaker (52,53,62), it is arranged on the connection line (38,39,42) of the described converter device (36) on described DC side and/or described AC side, to interrupt it as required.
17. energy conversion systems according to any one of technical scheme 14-16, also comprise battery management system (4), rechargeable battery piece installing (3) described in for monitoring and controlling, and comprise control device (22,23), for determining the charged state of described battery packs (3), and for identifying and prevent overcharge and the overdischarge of described battery packs (3).
18. energy conversion systems according to technical scheme 17, wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') be described battery management system (4) a part or independent of described battery management system (4).
19. energy conversion systems according to any one of technical scheme 14-18, wherein arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is set to measure the battery current (I sensed
b) be greater than described maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) the duration very first time (t at place
1) and the cell voltage (U that senses
b) be less than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin) the second time remaining phase (t at place
2), and if the described duration very first time (t
1) more than the first maximum time threshold value (T
max1) and/or described second time remaining phase (t
2) more than the second maximum time threshold value (T
max2), then starting protection measure, wherein said first maximum time threshold value (T
max1) lower than described second maximum time threshold value (T
max2).
20. 1 kinds of methods; for protecting battery energy storage system for the harm from arc-flash; wherein said battery energy storage system comprises the rechargeable battery piece installing for storing and provide DC voltage energy, said method comprising the steps of:
The battery current provided by described battery packs is provided, and transmits the battery current signal indicating it;
More described battery current signal and predefined maximum current threshold value;
The cell voltage provided by described battery packs is provided, and transmits the battery voltage signal indicating it;
More described battery voltage signal and predefined minimum voltage threshold; And
If described battery current signal is greater than described maximum current threshold value for the first minimum time duration and/or described battery voltage signal is less than described minimum voltage threshold for the second minimum time duration, then determine that arc-flash situation exists also starting protection measure to prevent the further operation of described battery packs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter, in more detail the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing by the example of exemplary embodiment.They illustrate following
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of independent, the reduced form be separated with application of battery energy storage system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the reduced form of the energy conversion system based on battery energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart greatly simplified of the inventive method, for protecting battery energy storage system for the harm caused due to arc-flash.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the circuit block diagram greatly simplified of battery energy storage system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention, at this, it is formed by single battery module 2, battery module 2 comprises in shared housing (not shown) for storing and provide the rechargeable battery assembly 3 of energy, comprise all relevant connections and the electronic device associated, comprise the battery management system 4 of for monitoring and controlling rechargeable battery piece installing 3.
Battery packs 3 comprises multiple battery unit 6 be connected in series, each DC voltage showing such as 12,24 or 48 volts, and in this case, due to being connected in series of unit, the nominal DC voltage of any desired battery packs 3 can be implemented.In the advantageous applications of battery energy storage system 1 storing electrical device for the energy content of battery, battery packs 3 is designed at least 450 volts to about 600 volts or even higher nominal DC voltage.
Battery packs 3 can based on different battery technologies, such as plumbic acid, lithium-iron, lithium-ion, nickel-cadmium, sodium-sulphur, sodium-nickel or other technology any, it provides high storage capacity, energy density, power stage, charging rate and low discharge behavior, and they are applicable to expection application here.
Battery packs 3 comprises plus end 7 and negative terminal 8.What be connected to positive battery terminals 7 is positive DC voltage supply connection 9, and it is connected to the positive output terminal 11 of battery module 2.Negative DC voltage supply connection 12 is connected between the negative battery terminal 8 of battery module 2 and negative output terminal 13.
Gate-controlled switch 14 and 16, and fuse 17 and 18 is arranged in described positive and negative DC voltage supply connection 9,12.Switch 14,16 is preferably the internal cell contactor of battery module 2, and it can be activated thus open, can interrupt the short circuit current up to about 1000 amperes under 600 volts of cell voltages within the short time of millisecond scope.Fuse 17,18 is intended to the short circuit current up to about 20kA or other fault current that interrupt more high strength equally.Fuse 17,18 can be electrical fuse or safety fuse.Battery contactor 14,16 and fuse 17,18 belong to the protection system 19 of battery module 2, its explanation will given it specifically hereinafter.
Battery module 2 also comprises battery management system 4, and this is electronic circuit preferably, and it monitors operation and the state of described rechargeable battery piece installing 3.The various parameters that battery management system 4 such as can detect, and monitored and correct each battery unit 6 owing to manufacturing and any scattering of aging action, such as electric capacity and leakage current.Battery management system 4 comprises functional unit; particularly including battery unit protection device 21; the health of its determining unit and guarantee the final balance of unit; charging control device 22; the charging process of its monitoring and controlling battery packs 3 and each battery unit 6; the state of charging determining unit 23; charging determining unit 23 monitors battery packs 3 and battery 6 charged state during operation; prevent deep discharge or the overdischarge of the latter; and temperature treatment unit 24, the temperature of its monitoring and controlling battery module 2 inside or next-door neighbour.Also other functional unit can be provided, such as, for load management, for detecting and instruction operating data, for communicating with external control devices or device.All these functional units of battery management system 6 are parts of the protection system 19 of battery packs 3.
In addition, battery management system 4 comprises arc-flash protection device, and it represents by means of only additional functional block 26 at this, and the battery packs 3 be set near for the danger protection of arc-flash and system component and people.The function of arc-flash protection device will describe below further in more detail.
As has been mentioned, battery management system 4 has been preferably the integration section of battery module 2.It can strictly realize in the form of hardware.Preferably, more flexibly in embodiment, battery management system 4 is implemented as hardware and software, and comprises calculating or the processing unit 27 of the form such as microprocessor, microcontroller, and storage device 28.Processing unit 27 is configured to n-back test unit 21-24, the function of 26 and other function of battery management system 4.This associated program code can be archived in storage device 28 together with associated data, parameter etc., and is retrieved for performing described function from described storage device.During operation, the operating data for the object of evaluation subsequently and service can be stored in storage device 28.This battery management system 4 comprises additional assembly, it does not here specifically illustrate, the timer such as detected for relative time, allow the communication component that communicates with control device with external equipment, for communicating to connect and serve the interface of object, and other assembly of the function of support battery management system 4.
In addition, battery management system 4 is connected to transducer or measuring element, and it detects operation and environmental parameter during the operation of battery module 2, and corresponding characterization signal is delivered to battery management system 4.Particularly, battery management system 4 is connected to current sensor 29 by correspondence, and described transducer detects the actual current I transmitted
band transmit the current signal characterizing actual battery electric current.Voltage sensor 31 detects the cell voltage U between battery terminal 7,8
b, and the voltage signal of the actual cell voltage characterizing sensing is delivered to battery management system 4.Signal U
b, I
bwith the sensor signal of additional detected, such as, about actual temperature, used, so that monitoring and controlling battery packs 3 by each functional unit 21-24.
During operation, battery energy storage system 1 can by external power source, such as regenerative resource charging, and this is controlled by charging control device 22, monitors cell voltage U simultaneously
bwith charging current I
b, to guarantee orderly charging process and to avoid the overload of battery packs 3.Battery unit protection device 21 ensure that the supervision to single battery unit 6, and alternatively, ensure that any balance of cell voltage.
When battery packs 3 is discharged and this energy is fed to electrical network or consumer, the state of charging determining unit 23 utilizes the signal U detected
b, I
bmonitor the virtual condition that battery packs 3 is charged, to detect and to prevent the overdischarge of battery packs 3.Particularly, the state of determining unit 23 of charging can compare actual cell voltage U
bwith discharge voltage limit U
blimitand if, actual cell voltage U
blower than discharge voltage limit U
blimit, then determine that battery packs 3 is for overcharge condition.Discharge voltage limit U
blimitthe rated voltage of various application is designed for a little less than battery packs 3.If such as battery packs 3, when storing field (batteryenergystorageplant) for the energy content of battery, presents maximum voltage and about 450 volts of rated voltages to 577 volts of scopes of about 600 volts, discharge voltage limit U
blimitpreferably a little less than the scope such as between 420 volts and 450 volts.
In order to avoid any fault detect that noise, interference signal etc. cause, battery management system 4 preferably also detects cell output voltage U
blower than discharge voltage limit U
blimitthe time remaining phase, and only exceed limit T maximum discharge time in the time remaining phase detected
limittime just determine that battery packs 3 is for over-discharge state.Discharge time limit T
limitit can be one second or more.When the state of charging determining unit 23 is defined as over-discharge state, described unit ensure that, such as, battery contactor 14,16 is opened in a controlled manner, to avoid the further electric discharge of battery packs 3.
In a similar fashion; if the predefine temperature of battery module 2 exceedes when predefine maximum temperature reaches longer interval; temperature treatment unit 24 can interrupt the operation of battery module 2 by opening battery contactor 14,16, therefore can form overtemperature protection by using protection system 19.
Protection system 19 also comprises arc-flash protection device 26, and it detects and avoid or prevent any danger because arc-flash causes widely.This arc-flash can be formed at short circuit in battery energy storage system 1 or the system that is connected thereto or insulation fault.Arc-flash can cause the fire damage of the system component in battery energy storage system 1 and described battery energy storage system environment, and to neighbouring personnel, the health and lives of such as attendant etc. causes excessive risk.Arc-flash protection device 26 according to the present invention detects the appearance of dangerous arc-flash situation and starting protection measure, because its interruptive current is to prevent the further operation of battery packs 3.In order to make this become possibility in the most efficient manner, in this case, arc-flash protection device 26 is the over-current protecting unit or logic 32 and under-voltage protection unit or logic 33 that combine.
Over-current protecting unit or logic 32 are set to detect high battery current I
b, it is significantly more than rated current scope, and is caused by the high short circuit current because of short circuit or insulation fault.In order to realize this point, over-current protecting unit 32 receives and characterizes actual battery electric current I
bsensor signal, and the predefine maximum current threshold value I allowing largest battery electric current will be characterized under this numerical value and failure condition
bmaxcompare.If the battery current I detected
bbe greater than maximum current threshold value I
bmax, over-current protecting unit 32 also detects the time remaining phase t meeting overcurrent condition
1.If overcurrent condition is for being greater than the first maximum time threshold value T
max1duration very first time t
1be satisfied, then over-current protecting unit 32 is determined to occur arc-flash situation, and causes opening of battery contactor 14,16, to prevent electric current and the operation further of battery packs 3.
When high short circuit current, battery management system may cannot open battery contactor 14,16 potentially.But in this case, fuse 17,18 is triggered, and guarantees the interruption of electric current.
Have been found that and cannot realize effective arc-flash protection by independent overcurrent protection.Its reason is, the internal driving of battery along with used battery chemistries and operating conditions change, such as temperature, charged state, age etc.If such as battery is almost empty, or its temperature is very low, the impedance of battery raises.But if the system jam of battery or connection, short circuit current is the function of internal cell impedance.Because have high battery impedance, short circuit current can be relatively low, and can have the value similar with rated operational current, and over-current protecting unit 32 may be difficult to maybe can not detect this fault state and start overcurrent protection potentially.This may cause long arc-flash, although have reduced-current intensity, finally may cause the badly damaged of battery packs or the equipment that connects, or the health of harm personnel or life.In order to avoid this point, be provided with under-voltage protection unit or logic 33 in addition.
Under-voltage protection unit or logic 33 especially based on discovery due to high battery impedance short circuit, cell voltage can decline suddenly significantly, thus this can be used in detecting the arc-flash situation under high battery impedance.Under-voltage protection unit 33 receives and characterizes actual cell voltage U
bsensor signal, and by its actual value and predefine minimum voltage threshold U
bminrelatively, predefine minimum voltage threshold U
bminthe cell voltage of the minimum required or permission under sign failure condition.If actual cell voltage U
bbe greater than predefine minimum voltage threshold U
bmin, under-voltage protection unit 33 also detects the time remaining phase t that under-voltage situation is satisfied
2.If under-voltage situation is for time remaining phase t
2(it is greater than the second maximum time threshold value T
max2) be satisfied, then under-voltage detecting unit 33 detects the arc-flash situation under high battery impedance, and guarantees contactor 14, and 16 open, and prevent electric current, thus prevent the further operation of battery packs 3.
By the combination of over-current protecting unit 32 and under-voltage protection unit 33, battery energy storage system 1 runs safely and reliably and is called possibility in the range of operation of expansion.The energy introduced under failure condition can be reduced to floor level, thus reduces the danger of attendant etc.It reduce demand and the cost of safeguard measure, and make battery energy storage system 1 have more effective and cost-effective maintenance be connected each system.
For normal fault-free and the glitch-free operation to a great extent of battery energy storage system 1, the minimum voltage threshold U of under-voltage arc-flash protection
bmincan be chosen as and be significantly less than discharge voltage limit U
blimit, such as, be discharge voltage limit U
blimithalf to three/mono-.The maximum battery voltage of 600 volts and the range of nominal tension of 450-577 volt is used, the discharge voltage limit U compared to 420 volts and in the scope of 450 volts with reference to above-mentioned example
blimit, minimum voltage threshold U
bmincan such as between 150 volts and 300 volts in scope, preferably between 200 volts and 250 volts.
In addition, the first maximum time threshold value T of overcurrent protection
max1the the second maximum time threshold value T being significantly less than under-voltage protection should be chosen as
max2, to be reduced to the minimum time duration, short circuit current flowing very high during this minimum time duration, can not cause the too frequent and unnecessary closedown of battery energy storage system 1.Such as, T
max1can be chosen as and be less than 0.020 second, be preferably about 0.013 second, and T
max2can be between 0.2 second and 1 second, and preferably can be about 0.5 second.Threshold value T discharge time of over
limitobviously be greater than other two time threshold T
max1and T
max2, and can at one second or several seconds.
Fig. 2 shows the advantageous applications of the battery energy storage system of the present invention 1 in energy conversion system 34.Energy conversion system 34 can use in conjunction with energy production system, Power supply or distribution system, particularly based on the system of rechargeable energy carrier (as the sun, wind-force or water), temporarily regenerative resource is stored in battery energy storage system, and At All Other Times, such as, in photovoltaic field (photovoltaicplant) during night, or between calm spell, utilize it in wind turbine.In addition, the level and smooth and load balance of the balance that energy conversion system 34 allows Wave energy to supply, peak value, it can improve network stabilization and quality.
In fact, described energy conversion system 34 comprises battery energy storage system, such as, as the battery energy storage system 1 of Fig. 1, and is connected to the converter device 36 of battery energy storage system 1.In this case, battery energy storage system 1 comprises multiple battery module 2, and it is parallel capacitances connected in parallel to shared battery DC bus 37, and wherein the quantity of battery module 2 is applied relevant with each.Such as, the application in the energy content of battery store electricity field of force (powerplant) can comprise 50 to 300 modules be connected in parallel, and it transmits preferably the total specified output of at least 0.5MW, preferred 1.0MW or more.
Converter device 36 is for being outlet side AC voltage energy by input side DC voltage power conversion and being fed to network or being used for being supplied to consumer; Or it is contrary, AC voltage energy is converted to input side DC voltage energy from the network (not shown) that outlet side connects and is used for being stored in battery energy storage system 1, input side DC voltage energy is transmitted by the battery packs 3 comprising all battery modules 2.Converter device 36 has connecting line 38,39, and it is connected to described DC voltage bus 37, converter bank piece installing 41 and output circuit 42, and output circuit 42 draws converter device 36.
Term " input side " or " on the input side " expression are connected to the converter device 36 of battery energy storage system 1 or the sidepiece of converter bank piece installing 41, and term " outlet side " or " on the output side " represent via such as outlet line 42, such as, be connected to the parallel operation device 36 of the primary side of transformer 43 or another AC voltage side away from battery energy storage system 1 of converter bank piece installing 41.On the secondary side, transformer 43 is connected to network, such as, and energy supply or distribution network, and guarantee that required electric pressure is adaptive.
Connecting line comprises positive connecting line 38 and negative connecting line 39, and they are parallel-connected to arrives battery DC bus each other, and is connected to the input of converter bank piece installing 41 via intermediate dc voltage circuit (DC link) 40 in addition.In this case, intermediate dc voltage circuit 40 is represented by intermediate circuit 44 and optional intermediate circuit bank of inductors piece installing 46, intermediate circuit 44 is connected between connecting line 38,39, and intermediate circuit bank of inductors piece installing 46 is configured to the harmonic content reduced in the input current of converter bank piece installing 41.
Converter bank piece installing 41 comprises DC voltage transducer or dc-dc 47, and current converter or DC-DC converter 48, the input of DC voltage transducer or dc-dc 47 is connected to described intermediate dc voltage circuit 40, and current converter or DC-DC converter 48 are connected to the output of dc-dc 47.
Dc-dc 47 comprises the circuit arrangement with electronic building brick, and electronic building brick is as transistor, and particularly IGBT, IGCT, MOSFET, thyristor etc., can connect these assemblies thus a DC voltage level is converted to another.Such as, if battery energy storage system 1 discharges be used for supply network or consumer, dc-dc 47 can as boost converter, to promote the cell voltage U transmitted by battery energy storage system 1
bto higher level to be suitable for the operation of current converter 48, cell voltage U
btransmitted by battery energy storage system 1.Current converter 48 also comprises the circuit arrangement with controllable switch element, then as inverter, by the DC voltage power conversion being applied to its input to be the AC voltage energy on its output.In this case, current converter 48 is shown as three-phase inverter, and it can carry three-phase alternating current to flow to secondary network via output line 42, or via transformer 43 to middle-voltage network.According to application, single-phase inverter also can be used to replace three-phase DC-DC converter 48, or also can operate the several three-phase inverters be connected in parallel to each other.
If line current is used for charging to battery energy storage system 1, DC-DC converter 48 is as rectifier, it is from Network Capture alternating current energy, and convert thereof into direct voltage energy, in this case, direct voltage is by being reduced to the more low-level being suitable for battery energy storage system 1 as the dc-dc 47 of step-down controller.
So far described converter device 36 is normally known, thus can omit about this device and functional additional detail thereof.What expound adequately is, the operation of converter device 36 is undertaken controlling (only schematically showing) by control device 49, control device 49 monitors converter device 36 operating parameter during operation, and as one man start to high-frequency the switch of transducer 47,48 with predefine switch solution, to complete respective required function, for energy is fed to network from battery energy storage system 1, and remove energy, for being temporarily stored in battery energy storage system 1 from network.
This energy conversion system 34 comprises for carrying out the protection system 51 protected for the infringement caused due to short circuit and fault current.This protection system 51 comprises the logic of an integral part as control device 49; and here do not specifically illustrate; voltage and current in described logic monitors energy conversion system; or initiatively start the various piece of energy conversion system 34; to detect short-circuit state and other fault state; to disconnect converter device 36 in DC voltage side from battery energy storage system 1, and/or disconnect converter device 36 in AC voltage side from network.
In order to realize this point, protection system 51 comprises the circuit breaker 52,53 be inserted in plus or minus connection line, to interrupt the electric current by described circuit as required.Circuit breaker 52,53 also can be opened due to the object safeguarded, converter device 36 and battery packs 3 electrical isolation are protected attendant.
In addition; protection system 51 comprises earth fault circuit interrupter 54; during its ground being inserted into (in this case) between negative connection line 39 and earth point 57 connects, although earth fault circuit interrupter 54 also can be connected between positive connection line 38 and the earth in principle.In this case, the current potential of negative connection line 39 is in earth potential in the normal operation period, makes do not have electric current to flow through earth fault circuit interrupter.When ground connects, the inside fuse of earth fault circuit interrupter triggers and outage current path.The triggering of earth fault circuit interrupter 54 is detected by the control device 49 of energy conversion system 34, and then described control device makes converter device 36 exit operation completely.
In addition, protection system 51 comprises parts 58,59 and 61, and at this, they are arranged in the DC voltage side of converter device 36 and/or AC voltage side for overvoltage protection.Parts 58,59 and 61 can be connected the rheostat between each circuit 38,39 and 42 and the earth respectively.
In addition; protection system 51 comprises the circuit breaker 62 in each output line 42; described circuit breaker can be opened by control device 49 in a controlled manner thus; to disconnect converter device 36 for maintenance purpose on AC or on main side; or in the case of a fault; to protect it for short circuit and other catastrophe failure, or to prevent the impact on network.
In addition; converter device 36 can be included in the additional (not shown) fuse in DC voltage or AC voltage side; comprise electrical fuse or safety fuse, they potentially provide Additional Protection, particularly for high short circuit current or fault current.
In addition; this protection system 51 also comprises the protection system 19 be integrated in battery energy storage system 1; described protection system ensure that the battery protection under internal cell failure condition; it is described in detail hereinbefore; in addition; detect arc-flash situation by over-current protecting unit 32 and under-voltage protection unit 33, then open the battery contactor 14,16 of fail battery module 2, to make defective module out of service.In order to realize this point, arc-flash protection device 26 is integrated in each battery management system 4 of each battery module 2.In order to avoid repeating, composition graphs 1 is with reference to explanation above.
In addition, Fig. 2 shows the alternative embodiment according to energy conversion system 34 of the present invention.This embodiment is different from the above embodiments; difference is; arc-flash protection device is not integrated in each battery management system 4 of each battery module 2, but is integrated in the control device 49 of converter device 36, as shown in block 26 ' (in dotted line).Arc-flash protection device 26 ' can be connected to the battery management system 4 of each battery module; can communicate; and therefrom receiving corresponding electric current and voltage signal, these signals are detected by the current sensor 29 of each battery module 2 and voltage sensor 31.Alternatively; arc-flash protection device 26 ' monitors the voltage between positive and negative connection line 38,39 in battery DC bus 37 or as shown in the figure by voltage sensor 63, and monitors by the current sensor 64 such as on positive connection line 38 electric current be fed to by battery energy storage system 1.Based on the signal transmitted by transducer 63,64; then arc-flash protection device 26 ' detection-in the above described manner-characterize the overcurrent of arc-flash situation or under-voltage situation; to take safeguard measure subsequently, disconnect battery energy storage system 1 from converter device 36.In order to realize this point, if arc-flash protection device 26 '-it carries out communication with the battery management system 4 of each battery module 2 and is connected-indicates these devices and open each battery contactor 14,16, or cause interruption by circuit breaker 52,53.In the case of a fault, arc-flash protection device 26 ', and according to the arc-flash protection device 26 of Fig. 1, can also send error message to the operator of energy conversion system 34 or analog, notice failure condition to make operator.
Arc-flash protection device 26 ' also can be arranged in the control device be separated with control device 49 with battery management system 4, and such as, at farther position, remote control center, carries out communication be connected with these devices.
Fig. 3 shows for the harm for arc-flash to protect the flow chart of the method 71 of battery energy storage system (such as according to the battery energy storage system 1 of Fig. 1 or 2); this system comprises rechargeable battery piece installing, for storing and providing DC voltage energy.The method comprising the steps of S1, according to this step, battery current I
bwith cell voltage U
bsensed.Such as, battery current and cell voltage can be sensed by the electric current be integrated in battery module 2 and voltage sensor 29,31.Alternatively, as the voltage in the battery DC bus 37 of Fig. 2 or on another input of system, and the electric current transmitted by battery energy storage system 1 can be sensed, and another input of system is connected to the lead-out terminal 11,13 of battery energy storage system 1.
In step S2, the battery current I of sensing
bwith the maximum current threshold value I allowed
bmaxcompare.If determine actual battery electric current I
bbe greater than maximum current threshold value I
bmax(I
b> I
bmax), then verify duration very first time t in step s3
1whether be greater than the first maximum time threshold value T
max(t
1> T
max1) (at duration very first time t
1period situation I
b> I
bmaxapplicable).If not this situation, the method proceeds to step S4.Otherwise it proceeds to step S6.
In step S4, actual cell voltage U
bwith minimum voltage threshold U
bmincompare, minimum voltage threshold U
bmincharacterizing battery assembly with the under-voltage limit under low-impedance failure condition.If determine actual cell voltage U
bbe less than minimum voltage threshold U
bmin(U
b< U
bmin), verify the second time remaining phase t further in step S5
2whether be greater than the second maximum time threshold value (t
2> T
max2) (at the second time remaining phase t
2period, situation U
b< U
bminapplicable).If not this situation, the method continues to be back to step S1.Otherwise it proceeds to step S6.
In step S6, the method determination arc-flash situation exists, and starting protection measure, further operate to prevent battery packs.This can comprise makes battery packs and all the other system electrical isolate.
Be understandable that, above-mentioned steps can not perform under the order except instruction, and can partly perform simultaneously or concurrently, and additional step can be in the method integrated, to improve the detection of arc-flash danger.Equally, will be understood that, battery energy storage system 1 according to the present invention not only can be combined with energy conversion system, such as, energy conversion system 34 shown in Fig. 2, also can be combined with for generation of energy, energy supply and distribution and for any fixing of electric automobile etc. or mobile system.Battery energy storage system 1 can be used as autonomous system, or is implemented as the integral part of another more high-grade fixing or mobile system.
Reference numerals list
1 battery energy storage system
2 battery modules
3 battery packs
4 battery management systems
6 battery units
7 positive battery terminals
8 negative battery terminal
9 positive DC voltage supply connection
11 positive output terminal
12 negative DC voltage supply connection
13 negative output terminal
14 switches, battery contactor
16 switches, battery contactor
17 fuses
18 fuses
19 protection systems
21 battery unit protection devices
22 charging control device
The state of 23 charging determining units
24 temperature treatment unit
26,26 ' arc-flash protection device
27 processing units
28 storage devices
29 current sensors
31 voltage sensors
32 over-current protecting units
33 under-voltage protection unit
34 energy conversion systems
36 power converter devices
37 battery DC buses
38 positive connection lines
39 negative connection lines
40 intermediate dc voltage circuit; DC link
41 converter bank piece installings
42 output lines
43 transformers
44 intermediate circuit
46 intermediate circuit bank of inductors piece installings
47DC electric pressure converter, dc-dc
48 power converters, DC-DC converter
49 control devices
51 protection systems
52 circuit breakers
53 circuit breakers
54 earth fault circuit interrupters
56 ground connect
57 earth points
58 overvoltage protection component
59 overvoltage protection component
61 overvoltage protection component
62 circuit breakers
63 voltage sensors
64 current sensors
71 methods
S1 detects actual cell voltage U
bwith actual battery electric current I
b
S2 compares battery current I
bwith maximum current threshold value I
bmax
S3 compares duration very first time t
1with the first maximum time threshold value T
max1
S4 compares actual cell voltage U
bwith minimum voltage threshold U
bmin
S5 compares the second time remaining phase t
2with the second maximum time threshold value T
max2
S6 interruptive current, stops battery-operated
Claims (10)
1. a battery energy storage system, comprising:
Battery packs (3), for storing and providing energy, wherein said battery packs (3) rechargeable;
Protection system (19), comprises arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') and protects for for the harm from arc-flash, and wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is configured to
Battery current (the I provided by described cell apparatus (3) is provided
b), and by itself and predefined maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) compare,
Voltage (the U provided by described battery packs (3) is provided
b), and by itself and predefined minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin) compare, and
If the battery current (I sensed
b) be greater than described maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) and/or the cell voltage (U that senses
b) be less than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin), then determine that arc-flash situation exists, and starting protection measure is to prevent the further operation of described battery packs (3).
2. battery energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein said battery packs (3) comprises at least one battery module (2), at least one battery module described is formed by the multiple battery units (6) be connected in series, and preferably includes multiple battery module (2) be connected in parallel.
3. battery energy storage system according to claim 1 and 2, the negative DC voltage supply connection (12) of the positive DC voltage supply connection (9) also comprising the plus end (7) being connected to described battery packs (3) and the negative terminal (8) being connected to described battery packs (3), just wherein said and/or negative DC voltage supply connection (9,12) comprises the gate-controlled switch (14,16) for disrupted circuit connection be as required arranged on wherein separately.
4. the battery energy storage system according to any one of claim 1-3, also comprises
Current sensor (29), it senses the current actual current (I provided by described battery packs (3)
b), and the current signal of the actual current providing expression to sense, and
Voltage sensor (31), it senses the current virtual voltage (U provided by described battery packs (2)
b), and the voltage signal of the virtual voltage providing expression to sense.
5. the battery energy storage system according to any one of claim 1-3, also comprise the battery management system (4) of rechargeable battery piece installing (3) described in for monitoring and controlling, and the charged state comprised for determining described battery packs (3) and for identify and prevent the overcharge of described battery packs (3) and the control device (22,23) of overdischarge.
6. battery energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein said battery management system (4) is connected to current sensor (29) and the voltage sensor (31) of described battery energy storage system (1), represents present battery electric current (I to receive from them
b) and current battery level (U
b) signal, and wherein said control device (23) is configured to compare the battery voltage signal and the discharge voltage limit (U that receive
blimit), to identify and to prevent the overdischarge situation of described battery packs (3).
7. battery energy storage system according to claim 6, the wherein said discharge voltage limit (U
blimit) higher than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin), preferably at least up to the half as much again of described minimum voltage threshold.
8. the battery energy storage system according to any one of claim 5-7, wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is a part for described battery management system (4).
9. the battery energy storage system according to any one of claim 3-8, also comprise just described and/or negative DC voltage supply connection (9,12) fuse (17,18) in, for interrupting the electric current flowing through it when high short circuit current as required.
10. the battery energy storage system according to aforementioned any one of claim, wherein said arc-flash protection device (26,26 ') is set to measure the battery current (I sensed
b) be greater than described maximum current threshold value (I
bmax) the duration very first time (t at place
1) and the cell voltage (U that senses
b) be less than described minimum voltage threshold (U
bmin) the second time remaining phase (t at place
2), and if the described duration very first time (t
1) more than the first maximum time threshold value (T
max1) and/or described second time remaining phase (t
2) more than the second maximum time threshold value (T
max2), then starting protection measure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014102352.8A DE102014102352A1 (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | Battery storage system with arc fault protection, energy conversion system and protection method |
| DE102014102352.8 | 2014-02-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105186588A true CN105186588A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN105186588B CN105186588B (en) | 2020-02-28 |
Family
ID=52596759
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510252291.8A Active CN105186588B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2015-02-17 | Arc flash protection battery energy storage system, conversion system and protection method |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10020650B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2911256B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105186588B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR102015003807B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2883094C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014102352A1 (en) |
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| CN110875622B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2023-09-05 | 西门子股份公司 | Method for recovering deep discharge battery module and uninterrupted power supply system thereof |
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| CN114300760A (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2022-04-08 | 埃利门特能源公司 | Safety battery energy management system, battery management system node and method |
| CN114300760B (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2023-03-21 | 埃利门特能源公司 | Safety battery energy management system, battery management system node and method |
| CN113515885A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-10-19 | 上海岩芯电子科技有限公司 | Intelligent health state diagnosis method for photovoltaic module |
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| CN114523850A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-24 | 大连理工江苏研究院有限公司 | Electric spark fault alarm and alarm method for electric vehicle direct current power supply system |
| CN114523850B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-04-16 | 大连理工江苏研究院有限公司 | Electric spark fault alarm and alarm method for electric vehicle direct-current power supply system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2911256B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
| BR102015003807A2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
| DE102014102352A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
| US10020650B2 (en) | 2018-07-10 |
| EP2911256A1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CA2883094A1 (en) | 2015-08-24 |
| US20150244165A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
| CA2883094C (en) | 2022-05-17 |
| BR102015003807B1 (en) | 2022-02-22 |
| CN105186588B (en) | 2020-02-28 |
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