A kind of double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit and control method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, particularly a kind of double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit and control method thereof.
Background technology
Wind power generation has been the forms of electricity generation that outside water generating, increment is the fastest in generation of electricity by new energy category.Therefore, according to the wind-force reserves natural conditions aspect of China, we have very favourable condition to develop this industry.From wind resource reserves, according to the data of National Meteorological Bureau, China the is liftoff wind energy resources gross reserves about 32.26 hundred million kilowatts of 10 meters high, wherein the wind energy content of development and utilization can there be 2.53 hundred million kilowatts, the wind energy resources of 50 meters of height is than many 1 times of 10 meters of height, be about 500,000,000 kilowatts, coastal waters the wind energy content of development and utilization can have 7.5 hundred million kilowatts.Therefore, with regard to wind resource reserves, exploitation wind power generation of having ready conditions.From wind generating technology aspect, complete machine aspect China has Duo Jia complete-system vendor product and reaches advanced international standard, and exports to foreign countries; Power inverter aspect China used for wind power generation also existing many enterprises researches and develops successfully and is able to install and use at wind field, current mainstream model is 1.5MW and 2MW, the enterprise of current domestic development & production and the supporting power inverter of similar model also has tens, and main flow topological structure is essentially two level; More than 2MW type, due to series of problems such as the increase of power device capacity, caloric value increase, supporting proterctive equipment dilatations, makes it be in the research and development trial run stage.Comprehensive domestic wind power converter present situation, we have technical foundation, technological reserve, Technology Potential to develop wind power generation industry, and we should make great efforts development this industry good, and make it as we build the green assistant of energy saving and environment friendly society.
Along with wind field scale increases day by day, the ratio accounting for whole electrical network after wind power plant is grid-connected increases, and single wind-driven generator breaks down and all can cause whole wind field fault, even causes whole grid disconnection.And be exactly grid voltage sags as fault modal in wind power plant, therefore having low voltage ride-through capability has become the key factor determining power grid security, also becomes the entry criteria that wind-force generating converter comes into the market.Therefore the low voltage ride-through capability studying generated output converter of having an effect is necessary.So-called low voltage crossing is exactly: when the grid-connected point voltage of wind-driven generator falls, blower fan can keep grid-connected, even provides certain reactive power to electrical network, supports power system restoration, until power system restoration is normal,
Along with domestic and international Wind turbines large-scale grid connection generating, when wind energy turbine set line voltage occur seriously fall in short-term or disturbance time, large-scale Wind turbines off-grid may be caused, directly return the damage causing the system equipment such as generator and current transformer, even cause mains breakdown.Therefore the Wind turbines that wind energy turbine set is run must have certain low voltage ride-through capability, ensures unit Wind turbines energy through fault smoothly when above-mentioned electric network fault occurs, ensures unit and power grid security.LVRT Capability of Wind Turbine Generator technical research has become one of Chinese scholars study hotspot, modal low voltage crossing technical scheme adopts initiatively or passive crowbar circuit correlation technique, general low voltage crossing circuit comprises pusher side current transformer between wind-driven generator and electrical network and net side converter and the crowbar circuit for being arranged on wind power generator rotor side, realizes low voltage crossing by crowbar circuit.
And the deficiencies in the prior art part is: crowbar circuit and current transformer are connected in parallel on rotor windings, when triggering crowbar circuit, unit excess power consumes in a large number in crowbar circuit, causes Wind turbines cannot provide effective reactive power support to electrical network, the recovery of unfavorable electrical network.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit and control method thereof, by selectively controlling incision and the excision in crow bar loop, solve between electric network fault convalescence, the problems such as Wind turbines reactive power support undercapacity, improve the operation stability of unit simultaneously.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention, provide a kind of double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit, the rotor of generator is connected with electrical network by current transformer, and stator is connected with electrical network by grid-connected switch, comprising:
Crowbar circuit, it is made up of three-phase commutation bridge, high-power bleeder resistance and selector switch, the interchange end of described three-phase commutation bridge is connected one by one with the rotor outgoing line end of described generator, and described high-power bleeder resistance and selector switch are connected in series between the positive and negative DC terminal of described three-phase commutation bridge; Absorption circuit, it is made up of controllable diode, electric capacity and absorption resistance, the positive pole of described controllable diode is connected with the end of incoming cables of described selector switch, and described electric capacity and absorption resistance are in parallel and be arranged between described controllable diode negative pole and described three-phase commutation bridge direct-flow positive pole end; Wherein, the positive and negative DC terminal of described three-phase commutation bridge is connected with the DC bus positive and negative terminal of described current transformer respectively by circuit breaker.
Preferably, described current transformer is four quadrant convertor, and it comprises the pusher side frequency converter be connected with described generator amature, the net side frequency converter be connected with electrical network.
Preferably, storage capacitor and chopper circuit has been arranged in parallel between described current transformer DC bus.
Preferably, described chopper circuit comprises: the first switch be connected in series and energy consumption resistor, and described first switch is IGBT switching tube.
Preferably, described three-phase commutation bridge is uncontrollable rectifier bridge, and described selector switch is IGBT switching tube.
A control method for double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit, for when grid voltage sags, provides protection to generator and current transformer, comprises the following steps:
1) grid voltage sags moment, synchro measure current transformer DC bus-bar voltage and crow bar loop DC voltage;
2) when current transformer DC bus-bar voltage increases to energy consumption resistor trigger voltage, selectivity conducting first switch, energy consumption resistor consumes the excess energy between DC bus, limit DC bus-bar voltage by the ON time controlling the first switch to raise, make DC bus-bar voltage remain in normal fluctuation range;
3) when crow bar loop DC voltage increases to the trigger voltage in crow bar loop, close circuit breaker, disconnect the first switch, conducting selector switch, trigger crow bar loop, high-power bleeder resistance conducting, consume the excess energy of rotor-side, restriction current transformer DC bus-bar voltage raises, and when crow bar loop DC voltage falls back to the trigger voltage lower than crow bar loop, first disconnects selector switch, excise high-power bleeder resistance, cut-off breaker excision crow bar loop again, and selectivity conducting first switch, get back to step 2);
4) if when crow bar loop DC voltage raises further and exceedes the trigger voltage certain proportion in crow bar loop, keep the conducting state of selector switch, cut-off breaker, locking pusher side frequency converter, crow bar loop independently consumes the excess energy of rotor-side, until crow bar loop DC voltage falls back to the trigger voltage lower than crow bar loop, disconnects selector switch, excision crow bar loop, gets back to step 2).
Preferably, absorption circuit absorbs the instantaneous of selector switch and cut-offs peak surge voltage.
Preferably, described current transformer is four quadrant convertor, and it comprises the pusher side frequency converter be connected with described generator amature, the net side frequency converter be connected with electrical network, has been arranged in parallel storage capacitor and chopper circuit between described current transformer DC bus.
Preferably, described chopper circuit comprises: described first switch be connected in series and energy consumption resistor, and described first switch is IGBT switching tube.
Preferably, described three-phase commutation bridge is uncontrollable rectifier bridge, and described selector switch is IGBT switching tube.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1, according to the size of rotor-side excess energy, selectivity triggers crow bar loop, effectively improves the operation stability of electricity generation system, stablizes on the basis of current transformer busbar voltage, reduces the transient process caused owing to dropping into crowbar circuit;
2, according to the size of rotor-side excess energy, be linked in crow bar loop on current transformer DC bus or isolated operation consumption excess energy, protection electricity generation system, from excessive energy impact, is avoided damaging pusher side current transformer and rotor windings;
3, as much as possible for electrical network provides reactive power support, the recovery of its voltage is helped.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is low voltage crossing circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Should be appreciated that used hereinly such as " to have ", other element one or more do not allotted in " comprising " and " comprising " term or the existence of its combination or interpolation.
As shown in Figure 1 be a kind of way of realization according to double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit of the present invention, comprising:
A kind of double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit, the rotor of double-fed generator DFIG is connected with electrical network by current transformer, stator is connected with electrical network by grid-connected K switch 1, generator is in below synchronous speed when generating electricity, and rotor absorbs electric energy from electrical network, stator output electricity, by grid-connected K switch 1 to grid transmission, when generator is in the generating of supersynchronous rotating speed, rotor and stator send electric energy to electrical network simultaneously, and the concrete circuit that passes through comprises:
Crowbar circuit, for consuming the excess energy of rotor-side, protection is provided to generator and current transformer, crowbar circuit is made up of three-phase commutation bridge, high-power bleeder resistance R3 and selector switch T2, the interchange end of described three-phase commutation bridge is connected one by one with the rotor outgoing line end of described generator, described high-power bleeder resistance R3 and selector switch T2 is connected in series, the high-power bleeder resistance R3 other end is connected with described three-phase commutation bridge direct-flow positive pole, and the other end of selector switch T2 is connected with rectifier bridge direct current negative pole; Absorption circuit, peak surge voltage is cut-off for absorbing the instantaneous of selector switch T2, absorbing circuit is made up of controllable diode, electric capacity C2 and absorption resistance R2, the positive pole of described controllable diode D2 is connected with the end of incoming cables of described selector switch, and described electric capacity C and absorption resistance R2 are in parallel and be arranged between described controllable diode D2 negative pole and described three-phase commutation bridge direct-flow positive pole end; Wherein, the positive and negative DC terminal of described three-phase commutation bridge is connected with the DC bus positive and negative terminal of described current transformer respectively by circuit breaker K2, according to overcurrent, overvoltage grade that rotor-side produces, optionally trigger crow bar loop and optionally crow bar loop be linked on current transformer DC bus, when crow bar loop trigger and when being linked on unsteady flow bus, high-power bleeder resistance R3 absorbs rotor-side excess energy, suppress overvoltage, the overcurrent on rotor-side and current transformer DC bus, simultaneously effectively provide reactive power support for electrical network, help line voltage to recover.When crow bar loop is excised from current transformer DC bus; the pusher side frequency converter locking of current transformer; crow bar loop independently consumes epitrochanterian impact excess energy; available protecting rotor and current transformer, when excess energy consumption on rotor to a certain degree, when the DC terminal voltage in crow bar loop drops to below the trigger voltage of crow bar loop; excision crow bar loop; absorb residue excess energy by current transformer, and provide reactive power support to electrical network, help line voltage to recover.
In technique scheme, described current transformer is four quadrant convertor, realize the two-way flow of energy, current transformer specifically comprises the pusher side frequency converter be connected with described generator amature, the net side frequency converter be connected with electrical network, has been arranged in parallel storage capacitor C1 and chopper circuit between described current transformer DC bus.Described chopper circuit comprises: the first switch T1 be connected in series and energy consumption resistor R1, and described first switch T1 is IGBT switching tube.Chopper circuit is used within the specific limits; conducting dead resistance R1 is carried out by the ON time controlling the first switch T1; consume the excess energy that current transformer bus produces; over-voltage and overcurrent; protection current transformer is from damage; meanwhile, provide reactive power support by net side frequency converter to electrical network, help line voltage to recover.
In technique scheme, described three-phase commutation bridge is uncontrollable rectifier bridge, and described selector switch T2 is IGBT switching tube, and emitter is connected with crowbar circuit direct current negative pole end, and collector electrode is connected with high-power bleeder resistance R3.
Provide a kind of control method of double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit, for when grid voltage sags, provide protection to generator and current transformer, comprise the following steps:
1) when generator normally works, selector switch T2, circuit breaker K2 is in off-state, grid voltage sags moment, synchro measure current transformer DC bus-bar voltage and crow bar loop DC voltage, now because stator exports the reduction of energy, rotor-side is caused to produce excess energy, cause rotor-side overvoltage and overcurrent, and then cause overvoltage in current transformer DC bus-bar voltage and crow bar loop DC side, generator and current transformer are impacted, even damage, the size of excess energy and the instantaneous electric amount of generator and line voltage fall amplitude proportional,
2) when current transformer DC bus-bar voltage increases to energy consumption resistor R1 trigger voltage, selectivity conducting first switch T1, energy consumption resistor R1 is linked between DC bus, consume the excess energy between DC bus, over-voltage suppression, overcurrent, according to the size of excess energy, limit DC bus-bar voltage by the ON time controlling the first switch T1 to raise, DC bus-bar voltage is made to remain in normal fluctuation range, stablize current transformer, avoid causing damage, a part of excess energy simultaneously on DC bus provides reactive power support by net side frequency converter to electrical network, until electric network fault excision, generator recovers generating again,
3) along with the electric network fault time increase or due to grid voltage sags amplitude larger, rotor-side is caused to produce a large amount of excess energies, cause superpotential further increase in DC terminal, when crow bar loop DC voltage increases to the trigger voltage in crow bar loop, close circuit breaker K2, disconnect the first switch T1, conducting selector switch T2, trigger crow bar loop, the excess energy of rotor-side is consumed by high-power bleeder resistance R3, restriction current transformer DC bus-bar voltage raises, stable electric generation system cloud gray model safety, pusher side frequency converter and the parallel connection of crow bar loop, current distributing enters on DC bus, decrease the impact to pusher side frequency converter, a part of Process Energy provides reactive power support by net side frequency converter to electrical network simultaneously, line voltage is helped to recover, along with the consumption of excess energy, when crow bar loop DC voltage falls back to the trigger voltage lower than crow bar loop, first disconnect selector switch T2, excise high-power bleeder resistance R3, peak surge voltage when absorption circuit absorbs that selector switch T2 is instantaneous to be cut-off, cut-off breaker K2 excises crow bar loop again, and selectivity conducting first switch T1, get back to step 2),
4) if grid voltage sags time, cause the impact of the larger excess energy of rotor-side, when crow bar loop DC voltage being raised further and exceedes the trigger voltage certain proportion in crow bar loop, during as exceeded the trigger voltage 20% in crow bar loop, keep the conducting state of selector switch T2, trigger circuit breaker K2 to disconnect, crow bar loop is made to depart from current transformer, and locking pusher side frequency converter, to make it from impact, crow bar loop independently consumes the excess energy of rotor-side, described three-phase commutation bridge is uncontrollable rectifier bridge, its withstand voltage is higher, the impact of larger excess energy can be stood, until crow bar loop DC voltage falls back to the trigger voltage lower than crow bar loop, disconnect selector switch T2, excision crow bar loop, peak surge voltage when absorption circuit absorbs that selector switch T2 is instantaneous to be cut-off, then step 2 is got back to), residue excess energy is absorbed by chopper circuit.
In technique scheme, described current transformer is four quadrant convertor, and it comprises the pusher side frequency converter be connected with described generator amature, the net side frequency converter be connected with electrical network, has been arranged in parallel storage capacitor C and chopper circuit between described current transformer DC bus.
In technique scheme, described chopper circuit comprises: the described first switch T1 and energy consumption resistor R1 be connected in series, described first switch T1 is IGBT switching tube, and described selector switch T2 is IGBT switching tube.
From the above mentioned, a kind of double-fed wind power generator group low voltage crossing circuit provided by the invention and control method thereof, according to the size of rotor-side excess energy, selectivity triggers crow bar loop, according to excess energy from small to large, suppress current transformer DC bus-bar voltage to raise by chopper circuit successively, and provide reactive power support to electrical network; Trigger crowbar circuit again, and be linked on current transformer DC bus, absorb excess energy by high-power bleeder resistance, suppress DC bus-bar voltage to raise further, provide reactive power support by net side converter to electrical network simultaneously; During finally excessive excess energy, crow bar loop is excised from current transformer DC bus, and crow bar loop consumes alone the excess energy of rotor-side.This selection according to rotor-side excess energy size cuts the mode of excising crow bar loop; effectively improve the operation stability of electricity generation system; stablize on the basis of current transformer busbar voltage; reduce the transient process caused owing to dropping into crowbar circuit; protection electricity generation system is from excessive energy impact; avoid damaging pusher side current transformer and rotor windings, and as much as possible for electrical network provides reactive power support, help the recovery of its voltage.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and execution mode utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend described.