CN105182917B - Medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system and its method - Google Patents
Medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system and its method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system and its method, it is provided with remote control layer, station level, at least one single unit key-course, wherein described single unit key-course is provided with LCU layers and sensor layer, described LCU layers is made up of at least two function LCU controllers, the input of each function LCU controllers connects sensor group respectively, the sensor group constitutes the sensor layer, EtherCAT real-time ethernet networkings are used between the function LCU controllers, constitute described LCU layers, first communication ends of the station level are connected with the EtherCAT real-time ethernets, second communication ends are connected with the remote control layer；The control method of the medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system is to use publish/subscribe Mechanism establishing whole station integration information platform, realizes the sequence logical control works fine of intelligent water power station control system and the medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system of synchronous locking adjusting control function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power station control device field, and in particular to a kind of medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system and its
Method.
Background technology
To carry out the instruction of " 12 " energy-saving and emission-reduction general plan and State Council on rural hydropower synergy dilatation,
The new period has been pushed forward comprehensively with information-based, automation, interactive synergy dilatation in the power station of new generation work being characterized, and is indicated
Medium and small-scale water and electricity substation automation system to have marched toward intelligentized developing direction.Medium waterpower generator station is used as the weight in intelligent grid
Green energy resource is wanted, water power synergy dilatation, lifting automated information level is pushed forward comprehensively, energy-saving and emission-reduction will promoted, eliminated
Played a significant role in terms of potential safety hazard, improvement river ecological, Serve " Agriculture and promotion Local Society economic development.
Although the Automation Construction of medium-small hydropower plants can tentatively realize Microcomputer Protection and automatically controlling that PLC is characterized
System, data acquisition, transmission, tupe are carried out in the master-slave communication mode of cable rhabdion point mode or field bus technique,
Be unable to direct communication between equipment, information must repeated acquisition, it is impossible to realize information sharing, it is impossible to synergic adjustment control, it is necessary to
Adjusted repeatedly, cause the unstable of generating.The information of power station whole system is exchanged and communication is more using cable transmission letter
Number, information transfer efficiency is low.Due to that can not carry out real time on-line monitoring to the LCU operational factors in power station, power station is only
Maintenance down can be periodically carried out, the huge waste of water resource is caused.It is all intelligent, information-based, automatic with power station that these are not enough
Change, interactive requirement are far apart.And then how to develop medium-small hydropower plants intellectualizing system is a urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
The present invention in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, proposes that one kind is collectively formed entirely by wireless sensor network and EPA
Stand integration information platform, in the sequence logical control works fine and synchronous locking adjusting control function of realizing intelligent water power station control system
Small hydropower station intelligence control system.Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system and its method, are provided with remote control layer, station level, at least one separate unit
Unit allocation layer, wherein the single unit key-course is provided with LCU layers and sensor layer, described LCU layers by least two work(
Energy LCU controller compositions, the input of each function LCU controllers connects sensor group respectively, sensor group composition institute
State and EtherCAT real-time ethernet networkings are used between sensor layer, the function LCU controllers, constitute described LCU layers, the station
First communication ends of control layer are connected with the EtherCAT real-time ethernets, and the second communication ends are connected with the remote control layer；
The control method of the medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system is unified using publish/subscribe Mechanism establishing whole station
Information platform, be specially：
Signal detection, head signal H, each unit flow signal Qi, from set auxiliary machinery equipment LCU level sensors, stream
The signal of quantity sensor collection, and issued in real time to subscriber；Each unit currently goes out force signal NiLCU is controlled from generator protection
The result that protection supervisory equipment collection generator terminal Current Voltage is calculated, and issued in real time to subscriber；The current water intaking valve of each unit
Aperture kiThe water intaking valve jaw opening sensor for controlling LCU from water conservancy project is detected in real time, and is issued in real time to subscriber；Aperture size is determined
Active P can be sent by having determined the unitiValue.The active N of the current gross generation of each unit of whole stationΣSignal is by line transformer control
LCU intelligent cells gather the result that line side Current Voltage is calculated in real time, and are issued in real time to subscriber；
Parameter gives, the active P of general plan in grid requirements power stationQGenerated energy, the control of dispatching terminal operation curve, by upper
Level is dispatched to be issued to each power station subscriber；Each efficiency of generating unit ηiIts inverse is unit water consumption qi(carried by manufacturing firm
For), amendment can be monitored according to water level and power, random groups essential information is issued to each subscriber；Each group is exerted oneself scope Rk(i) by
Manufacturing firm is provided, and random groups essential information is issued to each subscriber.The valve opening k of each unitiLUpper lower limit value determine
The unit sends active PLUpper lower limit value, random groups essential information issues to each subscriber.
Concretely comprise the following steps：
First, each function LCU controllers are regard as issue and subscriber；
2nd, message model is set up, message is made up of an attribute set { A1, A2 ... An }, and each attribute is by a ternary
Group (data type, attribute name, value), data type represent the data type of attribute, including int, bool,
Float, string.Attribute name represent the title of attribute, and it is a character string, and value represents the value of attribute,
Its codomain is the scope that the attribute can be represented.Event can be represented：Event=U { attribute }；
3rd, publish/subscribe language is determined, combining { C1, C2 ... Cn } by an attribute constraint is constituted, and constraint is one ill-mannered
The Boolean expression of state, is expressed as type, attribute, operator, value, and Type represents the data type of the constraint,
Attribute represents the title of the targeted attribute of the constraint, and operator is the test operation symbol corresponding to data type, bag
Include>、<,=, >=,≤, publish/subscribe language can be expressed as Distribute/Subscription=U
{constraint}；
4th, Data Matching algorithm is the matching algorithm using the publish/subscribe system based on content, by all subscription collection
In, the common component between subscribing to is made full use of, is integrated into a data topological structure, and these data topology structures are set up into rope
Draw, the space complexity and time complexity of matching algorithm reduced as far as possible,
The threshold rule that threshold rule describes certain subscriber's demand data is subscribed in definition, is represented with f, f is a quaternary
Constraint combination { Ma, L, H, Mb }, wherein Ma represents less than Ma value, L, and H represents legal interval value, and Mb represents the value more than Mb,
F (Ei)=f1 (E1), f2 (E2) ..., fn (En) }
Ei=A1, A2 ..., An }
Fi (Ei)={ C1A1, C2A2 ..., CnAn } expressions calculate matching threshold to whole message Ei,
All subscription are decomposed into constraint set, the constraint repeated is removed, these constraints is organized into a multidimensional rope
Guiding structure, index is set up according to its data type (type), Property Name (name), comparison operators (operator) step by step, each
Individual final index entry is a constraint list.
The present invention can meet medium-small hydropower plants intelligence control system security, reliability, interoperability, opening, can expand
Filling property and the demand using flexibility；Each control LCU is set synchronously to realize equipment room information sharing using subscription/publication mechanism,
Each equipment is just in communication with each other independent of main website, eliminate information " isolated island "；The monitoring of wireless sensing element is set to set by equipment
Standby rotating speed, temperature, water level, flow, the non-electric quantity such as vibration, aperture are uploaded to higher level control LCU, form object-oriented
Message structure database；The efficient real-time Communication for Power of LCU equipment rooms is relied on, whole station unified information communications platform Real-Time Sharing is formed
The data of each sensor collection；LCU layers are directly responsible for processing data, can cooperate with efficiently complete whole station Automatic Generation Control (AGC),
Automatism voltage control (AVC), automatic startup-shutdown etc. are operated；In addition, this will also realize the regulation control strategy, online for cooperateing with linkage
The senior application function of monitoring, remote diagnosis and technological service, it is real in the key technology and equipment technology of Automation of Hydropower Station
Existing important breakthrough and extensive use.
To better implement the present invention, it may further be：
The function LCU controllers are provided with single-chip microcomputer, the signal acquisition terminal of the single-chip microcomputer through zigbee communication chips with
Corresponding sensor group connection, communication ends are connected with communication process chip, and synchronous end is connected with GPS synchronised clock chips.Data
The process of collection is to automatically generate programme-control by data, and rotating speed, temperature, water level, flow, vibration, aperture are gathered by sensor
Deng non-electric quantity, the signal of collection is then sent to ZigBee communication chip and is converted into digital and analogue signals, and the list inside LCU
Piece machine completes data processing, transmits afterwards to EtherCAT real-time ethernets, data dissemination process is by communication process chip
ET1100 is responsible for providing the issue of message according to LCU layer of the publish/subscribe mechanism into system, subscribes to, quits the subscription of and notify to service,
The function LCU controllers are respectively that unit allocation LCU, generator protection control LCU, water conservancy project control LCU, unit are auxiliary
Help control LCU and line transformer control LCU.
When the single unit key-course is two or more and when controlling many generating sets, control strategy is：
(1) each unit efficiency ηiAnd flow tiny increment qiCalculating：
ηi=102N/HtQγ
The severe of γ-water in formula,
(2) generator output N, the N that exerts oneself is measured by three-phase power meter,
(3) hydraulic turbine head Ht,
(4) unit working flow Q,
In engineering, generally when the unit power (1KW) that a certain head power plant turbine-generator units are sent is in unit
Between water for being consumed in (1s) be called flow tiny increment, i.e.,
Because efficiency is reciprocal each other with flow tiny increment, i.e.,Flow tiny increment q can be passed through0Ask for unit effect
Rate η,
If power plant's total load is N, selectes certain n platforms unit and complete this production task jointly, when unit number of units n is fixed,
It is by the equal principle distribution load of flow tiny increment, by each unit in each head down-off tiny increment q between unit0By
Point list, remembers into each unit allocation LCU memory, by computation of table lookup under a certain head H, each unit always has one
Individual power generating value NiCorresponding flow tiny increment is equal, so as to realize the load shifting rate of each unit.
The major function of station level is to carry out visualization presentation to the running situation of primary equipment in station, and forms form.
Computer is equipped with station level so that technical staff need not descend the scene just operation such as energy completion automatic stopping, load adjustment.Remote control
The major function of layer is to realize each equipment operation in technical staff's remote control power station, can quickly efficiently accomplish remote diagnosis and
Technological service function, can complete unattended requirement.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The system utilizes the ZigBee wireless communication technologys based on Internet of Things and industrial ether
EtherCAT technologies are netted, a kind of whole station unified information communications platform is set up, is patrolled with the order for realizing intelligent water power station control system
Control and synchronous locking adjusting control function are collected, medium-small hydropower plants intelligence control system security, reliability, interoperability is met
Property, opening, expandability and using flexibility demand；Enable each control LCU synchronously to realize using subscription/publication mechanism to set
Information sharing between standby, makes each equipment to be just in communication with each other independent of main website, eliminates information " isolated island "；Wireless pass is set by equipment
Rotating speed, temperature, the water level of sensing unit monitoring device, flow, the non-electric quantity such as vibration, aperture are uploaded to higher level control LCU, shape
Into the message structure database of object-oriented；The efficient real-time Communication for Power of LCU equipment rooms is relied on, the communication of whole station unified information is formed
The data of each sensor collection of platform Real-Time Sharing；LCU layers are directly responsible for processing data, and the efficient whole station that completes can be cooperateed with to send out automatically
Electric control (AGC), automatism voltage control (AVC), automatic startup-shutdown etc. are operated；In addition, this will also realize the regulation for cooperateing with linkage
Control strategy, on-line monitoring, remote diagnosis and the senior application function of technological service, Automation of Hydropower Station key technology and
Important breakthrough and extensive use are realized on equipment technology.Using the control strategy, the LCU of the system can improve collection information and pass
Defeated efficiency, is synchronized by whole station unified information communications platform to medium waterpower generator station (or even step hydropower station or whole basin)
Automatic generator is controlled and automatism voltage control, it is to avoid device returns polyphony section.Operations staff also can be according to whole station unified information
The Comprehensive analysis results of communications platform, make decisions in time, in real time adjustment whole station running status, so as to realize the peace of whole station operation
Quan Xing, stability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of sensor in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the data structure diagram of publish/subscribe mechanism in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is whole station integration information platform system construction drawing in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is function LCU controller data gatherer process schematic diagrames in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is described in further detail to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1：A kind of medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system and its method, are provided with remote control layer, station level, one
Individual single unit key-course, wherein the single unit key-course is provided with LCU layers and sensor layer, described LCU layers by unit
Control LCU, generator protection control LCU, water conservancy project control LCU, unit auxiliary control LCU and line transformer control five work(of LCU
Can LCU controllers composition, wherein the input in unit allocation LCU by ZigBee communications is connected with vibrating sensing
Device, exciting current sensor, speed probe and guide vane opening sensor, the control end for controlling LCU in generator protection pass through
ZigBee communications are connected with stator current sensor, rotor current sensor and the first computerized electric watt hour calculator, water
Industry control LCU input has gatage sensor, inlet valve jaw opening sensor, tail by ZigBee wireless communication connections
Water valve jaw opening sensor and by-passing valve jaw opening sensor, unit auxiliary control LCU input are connected by ZigBee radio communications
Temperature sensor, oil pressure sensor and level sensor are connected to, line transformer control LCU input is wireless by ZigBee
Communication link is connected to oil temperature sensor, fuser sensor and the second computerized electric watt hour meter, and the sensor collectively constitutes sensing
EtherCAT real-time ethernet networkings are used between device layer, five functions LCU controllers, described LCU layers, the station control is constituted
First communication ends of layer are connected with the EtherCAT real-time ethernets, and the second communication ends are connected with the remote control layer；
In the present invention ZigBee wireless communication technologys be mainly used within short-range and message transmission rate not
Between high various electronic equipments.Zigbee uses 2.4GHz wave bands, using frequency hopping.With using the Bluetooth technology with frequency range
Compare, ZigBee has the features such as low in energy consumption, cost is low, network capacity is big, its effective coverage range is reached between 10~75m.
In addition, it can be applied in hydraulic and electric engineering field with 254 node internettings, can solve cable consume excessive, electromagnetic environment it is complicated,
The problems such as cost investment.
ZigBee radio sensing networks in the system are with equity, from group by one group of sensor integrated with controlled device
The mode of knitting is constituted.The purpose is to collaboratively perceive, gather and handle the signal of controlled device in network's coverage area, and to these
Data are handled, and obtain detailed and accurate information, most result is sent to the LCU of these information of needs at last.Its
Advantage has：(1) the installation site condition of controlled device is poor, is wirelessly transmitted the laying by cable is reduced；(2) avoid
The repeated acquisition of controlled device coherent signal, each sensor will be directly in communication with each other as wireless communication node；(3) when certain is sensed
Device breaks down, and data transfer will automatically select transmission path, lifts communication reliability.
EPA EtherCAT technologies are mainly used in requirement high real-time, high speed, high significant figure in the present invention
According to the communication of the various equipment rooms of rate.EtherCAT industrial Ethernet technologies can be realized and transmitted under 100Mbps per second speed
The data of 44-1498 bytes, and the only 100ns or so that is delayed.This is by the transmission speed for overcoming field bus technique is slow, transmission
The problems such as scarce capacity；In addition, the communication resource of optimum use equipment is realized equipment by the flexibility of the network topology structure
Between function synchronous interaction.EtherCAT real-time ethernets in the present invention are with the shared topological structure of wide-area data by one group of LCU
Configuration.The purpose is to make directly exchange information between LCU, in real time, data are reliably transmitted.Its advantage is：(1) EtherCAT is real
When Ethernet can realize deterministic communication, accurately control LCU to synchronize regulation by GPS timers, be delayed only hundreds of nanoseconds；
(2) topological structure of EtherCAT real-time ethernets flexibly, is not required to set router to can be achieved with the communication between LCU；(3)
The communication media species of EtherCAT real-time ethernets is enriched, and includes electric Ethernet, optical Ethernet, coaxial cable.
The present invention control method be：It is data-centered, information between enhancing communication object using publish/subscribe mechanism
Share and cooperative ability, and then raising information quality and shared situation dawn know quality.It is mainly used in object certainty and led to
The field of letter.Publish/subscribe mechanism is typically made up of publisher, subscriber and messaging service；Publisher and subscriber point
It is not the general designation to giving out information and subscribing to the object of message, messaging service is that the publish/subscribe on ordinary meaning is effective
Communication mode.Concretely comprise the following steps：
First, whole station integration information platform then uses subscription/publication mechanism, and each LCU is set as publisher and subscriber
Corresponding data type, and upload/reception data from EtherCAT real-time ethernets, cooperate with height in the way of deterministic communication
Effect completes the functions such as whole station Automatic Generation Control (AGC), automatism voltage control (AVC), automatic startup-shutdown.
2nd, message model is set up
Suitable message model is set up with subscribing to language, to meet the requirement of model complexity and language flexibility.Message
It is by an attribute set { A1, A2... AnComposition.Each attribute is by a triple (data type, attribute
Name, value).Data type represent the data type of attribute, including int, bool, float, string.attribute
Name represents the title of attribute, and it is a character string.Value represents the value of attribute, and its codomain is that the attribute can be represented
Scope.Event can be represented：Event=U { attribute }.
3rd, publish/subscribe language is determined
Publish/subscribe language combines { C by an attribute constraint1, C2…CnConstitute.Constraint is a stateless boolean
Expression formula, is expressed as (type, attribute, operator, value).Type represents the data type of the constraint；
Attribute represents the title of the targeted attribute of the constraint；Operator is the test operation symbol corresponding to data type, bag
Include>,<,=, >=,≤.Publish/subscribe language can be expressed as Distribute/Subscription=U
{constraint}。
4th, Data Matching algorithm
As shown in figure 3, Data Matching algorithm is responsible for how being quickly found out issues what is matched in registration form with message informing
Subscribe to.All subscription are concentrated using the matching algorithm of the publish/subscribe system based on content, are made full use of and ordered by the present invention
Common component between readding, is integrated into a data topological structure, and these data topology structures are set up into index, reduction as far as possible
Space complexity and time complexity with algorithm.
The threshold rule that threshold rule describes certain subscriber's demand data is subscribed in definition, is represented with f.F is a quaternary
Constraint combination { Ma, L, H, Mb, wherein MaRepresent less than MaValue, L, H represents legal interval value, MbRepresent to be more than MbValue.
F(Ei)={ f1(E1),f2(E2),…,fn(En)}
Ei={ A1,A2,…,An}
fi(Ei)={ C1A1,C2A2,…,CnAnRepresent to whole message EiCalculate matching threshold.
All subscription are decomposed into constraint set, the constraint repeated is removed, these constraints is organized into a multidimensional rope
Guiding structure, index is set up according to its data type (type), Property Name (name), comparison operators (operator) step by step, each
Individual final index entry is a constraint list.This constraint list just issues registration form for message informing.
Subscription in system is all that, in dynamic change, while publisher continually issues event, subscriber is not yet
Register subscription with stopping.But each time publish/subscribe the match is successful, all made with the successful pairing of message attributes and constraints
The mark completed for matching., the phase whether equal with the number Count that the match is successful by the constrained attributes Total for judging to subscribe to
Deng and type matching success, then event one and the subscribing matching success.
As shown in figure 4, whole station integration information platform is total to by ZigBee wireless sense networks and EtherCAT real-time ethernets
With composition, and telecommunication management is carried out with publish/subscribe mechanism.Whole station integration information platform is divided into Internet, communication management layer
With application of function layer.
Internet includes ZigBee wireless sense networks and EtherCAT real-time ethernets.ZigBee wireless sense networks are mainly born
Blame the collection and conversion of signal；EtherCAT real-time ethernets are then responsible for data transfer.
Communication management layer includes techniques for Multiple Data-Streams Processing module and multiple data stream balance module, is mainly responsible for Internet biography
Defeated data.Techniques for Multiple Data-Streams Processing module reading data flow, then by data according to sequence arrange and extract, post processing number
According to；The each group of data that multiple data stream balance module obtains techniques for Multiple Data-Streams Processing module, message is carried out according to publish/subscribe mechanism
Distribution and storage.
Application of function layer refers mainly to the method being controlled by station monitoring and control equipment and remote control equipment to controlled device in station, bag
Include data acquisition and distribution, equipment condition monitoring, automatic startup-shutdown, load adjustment and remote technology service etc..
Key function is described
The key function of system, which is broadly divided into, thinks several parts：Data acquisition and distribution, equipment condition monitoring, automatic start-stop
Machine and remote technology service.
Data acquisition and distribution
As shown in figure 5, the process of data acquisition is to automatically generate programme-control by data, rotating speed, temperature are gathered by sensor
Then the signal of collection is sent to ZigBee communication chip and is converted into counting by degree, water level, flow, the non-electric quantity such as vibration, aperture
Mould signal, and the single-chip microcomputer completion data processing inside LCU, are transmitted to EtherCAT real-time ethernets afterwards.
Although the non-electric quantity gathered by sensor is easy to transmission, it is contemplated that water power station equipment working environment is answered
Miscellaneous, it is very sensitive to interference signal, is easily distorted the signal in transmission, generally requires first in zigbee communication chips
The processing such as do after drift amendment, digital filtering, digital and analogue signals are sent to LCU interior processing units again afterwards and completed at data
Reason.It is worth noting that the data source of single-chip microcomputer both includes the collection of LCU sensor itself in LCU, also including ethercat
Other LCU gathered datas that real-time ethernet is transmitted and come.
Data dissemination process is to be responsible for the LCU according to publish/subscribe mechanism into system from communication process chip ET1100
Layer provides the issue of message, subscribes to, quits the subscription of and notify service；
Subscription management is responsible for the subscription of LCU layers of issue, the main conversion for including subscribing to, the insertion and deletion subscribed to；
Message management is responsible for the conversion of message；The certainty access mechanism pipe to EtherCAT real-time ethernets is responsible in communication network management
Reason, mainly including network startup, the insertion of nodes and deletion etc.；LCU management is responsible for being connected to EtherCAT realities
When Ethernet and register the LCU of subscription, when system sends message, the LCU for notifying to subscribe to this message is managed by LCU, and permit
Call corresponding message；Release management is mainly responsible for the message of LCU layers of issue, forms message informing issue registration form, respectively
LCU can complete to subscribe to according to this table.
Data acquisition from the time is synchronous with distribution procedure, is distribution from the point of view of spatially.Therefore, from root
Said in sheet, such data acquisition and distribution can be regarded as entity, be the core of whole medium waterpower generator station intelligence system
The heart.
Equipment condition monitoring and analyzing and diagnosing
ZigBee wireless sense networks are not all included unit whole state in measurement range in the system, but only survey
Measure generating unit speed therein, stator current, rotor current, exciting current, guide vane opening, unit vibration and generate electricity it is active and
Idle to wait key stato variable, it sets sensor to be distributed such as Fig. 2.These variables are integrated by the embedded system in LCU,
Analyze and compared, form the monitoring of 7 state contents of unit, set up equipment condition monitoring function.
As the information acquired in sensor and the sense organ of people, often feature is not obvious, it is difficult to directly carry out analyzing and diagnosing.This
The situation of change of the characteristic parameter for the reflection equipment running status that system is provided according to equipment condition monitoring function, or enter one
Step is compared with some Fault characteristic parameters, and whether malfunction is in identification equipment.If there is failure, system will be examined
The nature and extent of disconnected failure, producing cause and fault location, and the performance and fault progression trend of pre- measurement equipment.
When the single unit key-course is more than two single units and when controlling many generating sets, sent out by water level
Electric economical operation control module distributes each machine by subscribing to above-mentioned parameter given information and real-time detection information by following computings
The active and reactive regulation strategy of group, the unit allocation LCU that the result of the distribution of active increment is distributed into each unit is relayed to
Water intaking valve aperture regulation controller, the water conservancy project control LCU that the result of the distribution of idle increment is distributed into each unit is relayed to
Field regulator, specific calculative strategy is：
(1) each unit efficiency ηiAnd flow tiny increment qiCalculating：
ηi=102N/HtQγ
γ is the severe of water in formula,
(2) generator output N, the N that exerts oneself is measured by three-phase power meter,
(3) hydraulic turbine head Ht,
(4) unit working flow Q,
In engineering, generally when the unit power (1KW) that a certain head power plant turbine-generator units are sent is in unit
Between water for being consumed in (1s) be called flow tiny increment, i.e.,
Because efficiency is reciprocal each other with flow tiny increment, i.e.,Flow tiny increment q can be passed through0Ask for unit effect
Rate η,
If power plant's total load is N, selectes certain n platforms unit and complete this production task jointly, when unit number of units n is fixed,
It is by the equal principle distribution load of flow tiny increment, by each unit in each head down-off tiny increment q between unit0By
Point list, remembers into each unit allocation LCU memory, by computation of table lookup under a certain head H, each unit always has one
Individual power generating value NiCorresponding flow tiny increment is equal, so as to realize the load shifting rate of each unit.Two units
The intersection point a of flow tiny increment curve1It is to meetOperating point, this intersection point is this for the abscissa of two curves
During two unit optimizing operations, the load value N each undertaken1And N *2*。
, need only be by curve when plant load increases to N '(N2) new origin O is moved to the right3, keep simultaneously
O1And O3Distance it is equal with N ', so as to try to achieve the new intersection point of two curves for a2, a2Exactly power plant load be N ' when two machines
The new optimum load dispatch operating point of group.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system, it is characterised in that：It is provided with remote control layer, station level, at least one list
Platform unit allocation layer, wherein the single unit key-course is provided with LCU layers and sensor layer, described LCU layers by least two
Function LCU controllers are constituted, and the input of each function LCU controllers connects sensor group respectively, sensor group composition
EtherCAT real-time ethernet networkings are used between the sensor layer, the function LCU controllers, described LCU layers of composition is described
First communication ends of station level are connected with the EtherCAT real-time ethernets, and the second communication ends are connected with the remote control layer；
The control method of the medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system is to use publish/subscribe Mechanism establishing whole station unified information
Platform, is concretely comprised the following steps：
First, each function LCU controllers are regard as issue and subscriber；
2nd, message model is set up, message is made up of an attribute set { A1, A2 ... An }, and each attribute is by a triple
(data type, attribute name, value)；
Wherein data type represent the data type of attribute, including int, bool, float, string；attribute name
The title of attribute is represented, it is a character string；
Value represents the value of attribute, and its codomain is the scope that the attribute can be represented, representations of events Event=U
{attribute}；
3rd, publish/subscribe language is determined, combining { C1, C2 ... Cn } by an attribute constraint is constituted, and constraint is one stateless
Boolean expression, is expressed as type, attribute, operator, value；
Wherein Type represents the data type of the constraint, and attribute represents the title of the targeted attribute of the constraint,
Operator is the test operation symbol corresponding to data type, including>、<,=, >=,≤, publish/subscribe language can be represented respectively
For Distribute/Subscription=U { constraint }；
4th, Data Matching algorithm：For using the matching algorithm of the publish/subscribe system based on content, all subscription are concentrated,
The common component between subscribing to is made full use of, is integrated into a data topological structure, and these data topology structures are set up into index,
The space complexity and time complexity of matching algorithm are reduced as far as possible,
The threshold rule that threshold rule describes certain subscriber's demand data is subscribed in definition, is represented with f, and f is a quaternary constraint
Combine { Ma, L, H, Mb }, wherein Ma represents less than Ma value, L, H represents legal interval value, and Mb represents the value more than Mb,
F (Ei)=f1 (E1), f2 (E2) ..., fn (En) }
Ei=A1, A2 ..., An }
Fi (Ei)={ C1A1, C2A2 ..., CnAn } expressions calculate matching threshold to whole message Ei,
All subscription are decomposed into constraint set, the constraint repeated is removed, these constraints is organized into a multi-dimensional indexing knot
Structure, index is set up according to its data type, Property Name, comparison operators step by step, and each final index entry is a constraint list.
2. medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The function LCU controllers
Single-chip microcomputer is provided with, the signal acquisition terminal of the single-chip microcomputer is connected through zigbee communication chips with corresponding sensor group, communication ends
It is connected with communication process chip, synchronous end is connected with GPS synchronised clock chips.
3. medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The function LCU controllers
Respectively unit allocation LCU, generator protection control LCU, water conservancy project control LCU, unit auxiliary control LCU and line transformer control
LCU。
4. medium waterpower generator station intelligence control system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The single unit key-course
During for two or more, control strategy is：
(1) each unit efficiency ηiAnd flow tiny increment qiCalculating：
ηi=102N/HtQγ
The density of γ-water in formula,
(2) generator output N, the N that exerts oneself is measured by three-phase power meter,
(3) hydraulic turbine head Ht,
(4) unit working flow Q,
In engineering, generally the unit power (1KW) sent in a certain head power plant turbine-generator units in the unit interval
The water consumed in (1s) is called flow tiny increment, i.e.,
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>q</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Because efficiency is reciprocal each other with flow tiny increment, i.e.,Flow tiny increment q can be passed through0Unit efficiency η is asked for,
If power plant's total load is N, selectes certain n platforms unit and complete this production task jointly, when unit number of units n is fixed, unit
Between be by the equal principle distribution load of flow tiny increment, by each unit in each head down-off tiny increment q0Pointwise is arranged
Table, remembers into each unit allocation LCU memory, by computation of table lookup under a certain head H, each unit always has one to go out
Force value NiCorresponding flow tiny increment is equal, so as to realize the load shifting rate of each unit.
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