Inverter networking emulation test system
Technical field
The present invention relates to inverter networking emulation testing technology, particularly a kind of inverter networking emulation test system.
Background technology
In numerous regenerative resource, sun power is subject to consistent favor with the advantage of its uniqueness, and photovoltaic generation has become the important content of domestic Development Strategy of Renewable Energy Resources.But because it is different from the generating feature of normal power supplies, output-power fluctuation is larger, its access electrical network still has a lot of technical matters to need to overcome: such as, and the links such as planning, operation, control of the scale access electrical network of distributed photovoltaic all brings new challenge; There is difficulty in the functional verification of novel inverter topology in Digital Simulation and performance verification.So the modeling and simulation research that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter networks becomes the important topic of field of photovoltaic power generation.
According to the difference of realistic model, current power system real-time simulation technology mainly comprises physical simulation, Digital Simulation and the emulation of digital physical mixed, and they have respective implementation method and feature, specific as follows:
For Digital Simulation, have employed the present computer technology, control technology, combine large software and complex hardware, its modeling speed is fast, and parameter adjustment is convenient, can emulate Iarge-scale system, but unsatisfactory for the emulation of novel equipment and control strategy.
For physical simulation, consider and non-linearly wait complicated uncertain factor, therefore, it is possible to the dynamic process of analog electrical Force system more exactly.The phenomenon that it be unclear that for simulation and the mechanism of various novel electrical device and the research of novel electric power apparatus are starved of physical simulation.There is more producer to concentrate at present and adopt this scheme of physical simulation to realize the test platform of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, as shown in Figure 1, wherein, 101 is electrical network, and 102 is electrical network simulator, and 103 is harmonic wave Scintillation Analyzer, 104 is RLC load, 105 is power analyzer, and 106 is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and 107 is photovoltaic simulator; Photovoltaic simulator and electrical network simulator are the physical simulation parts in the program.Photovoltaic emulation module analog physical photovoltaic cell, electrical network emulation module simulating grid, the also site load under controlled RLC load simulation different conditions.Arrange different mode of operations by configuration RLC module, this module can play power absorption effect, or simulation resonance occurs.Photovoltaic simulator and electrical network simulator are powered by public electric wire net.Measured piece is that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is in kind, is placed in such physical simulation test platform.Wherein, photovoltaic simulator can arrange different PV family curves to test the grid-connected characteristic of this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
But there is following shortcoming in this test platform:
(1), electrical network simulator simulates a simple power supply, only simulates the voltage of electrical network, frequency, and electrical network simulator cannot characteristic complicated and changeable in simulating reality electrical network.
(2), electrical network simulator cannot test photovoltaic generation networking system to the impact of true complex electric network.
(3), this platform cannot test a concrete disturbance in electricity (micro-) net to the impact of photovoltaic system.
(4), this platform cannot be tested the reciprocal effect of other controllers and physics photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter equipment in electricity (micro-) net.
Digital physical mixed is emulated, also known as hardware in loop (hardware-in-the-loop, HIL) emulate, this method is by the physical unit of reality or system (hardwareundertest, HUT) be placed in the virtual electric power system (virtualelectricalsystem, VES) set up by real time data display and carry out closed-loop simulation.The emulation of numeral physical mixed combines the advantage of real-timedigital simulation and dynamic physical simulation, and can react the dynamic perfromance of primal system more accurately, be the key means of future studies generation of electricity by new energy and energy storage device physical characteristics and access technology.In research range, the research field of digital physical mixed real-time simulation has covered the overall process of electro-magnetic transient, electromechanical transient and long term dynamics.Electromechanical transient or electromagnetic transient digital simulation can only carry out simulation analysis to specific phenomenon and scope, in the face of fast-developing modern power systems, are often difficult to describe and analyze some new phenomenons and new problem; Traditional Physical Experiment can simulating actual conditions more exactly, but it exists deficiencies such as construction investment is huge, parameter change is difficult, simulation scale is limited.Numeral physical mixed emulation technology can make up the deficiency of these two kinds of methods to a certain extent, and it has widened the research range of power system digital simulation technology, simultaneously one of hot-point and frontier problem also becoming this field.
Adopt digital-to-analogue to emulate this scheme to realize the test platform of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, as shown in Figure 2, comprise the controller of central processing unit, photoelectric commutator and inverter.
The pure digi-tal model such as hardware circuit part, electrical network proving installation, AC transformer, electrical network of photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is constructed in real-time CPU (central processing unit).And outside circuit control device is hardware material object.By digital models such as the photovoltaic panel characteristic in change real-time simulation machine and electrical networks, test the performance of photovoltaic circuit control device.
This test platform simulates the running status of controll plant with real-time processor (CPU) Dynamic simulation model, device in kind is connected in simulated environment by computer interface, can in the running status of real-time conditions Imitating whole system, shorten the controller R&D cycle, decrease development cost, reduce the risk that real system bears various extreme condition, for further investigation system performance provides active path.
In this test platform, it is mutual that circuit control device and real-time simulation machine only carry out lower powered signal.Namely this is signal type closed-loop simulation (CHIL, Control-Hardware-in-the-loop) in numerical model analysis emulation.CHIL refers to only transmit lower powered measuring-signal and control signal between Digital Simulation System and to be measured.
But there is following shortcoming in this test platform:
(1), the hardware circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter adopts pure digi-tal model, but for the physical phenomenon of photovoltaic generating system, inverter internal power electronic devices closed with interrupting process i.e. dynamic perfromance fast, its digital modeling is still not accurate enough.
(2), photovoltaic panel and grid side all adopt pure digi-tal model, and the networking characteristic Simulation test findings fiduciary level of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is not high enough, larger with actual conditions deviation.
(3), this test platform also cannot integrity authentication one photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter networking characteristic in kind, partly can only verify the function of the controller of inverter.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of inverter networking emulation test system, makes to the test of inverter more comprehensively, meanwhile, test environment and actual environment closer to, test result is more accurate.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of inverter networking emulation test system, comprise: host computer simulation subsystem, Digital Simulation subsystem, physical simulation subsystem, inverter and interface subsystem;
Described host computer simulation subsystem is connected with described real-time simulation machine, for real-time supervisory control simulation test process;
Described Digital Simulation subsystem is connected with described inverter through described interface subsystem; Described inverter is also connected with described physical simulation subsystem;
Described Digital Simulation subsystem, for carrying out digital real-time emulation according to electric network model to electrical network;
Described physical simulation subsystem, carries out physical simulation for the model according to generating set to generating set;
Described interface subsystem, for carrying out power transfer to signal mutual between described Digital Simulation subsystem and described inverter.
Embodiment of the present invention in terms of existing technologies, utilize interface subsystem to carry out power transfer to signal mutual between digital simulation subsystem and inverter, the signal of the signal level exported by Digital Simulation subsystem is on the one hand converted to the signal of power level, for the power that inverter adopts and absorb inverter to send; On the other hand, the signal of the power level exported by inverter is converted to the signal of signal level, carries out simulation calculation for Digital Simulation subsystem; Because the signal of the signal of signal level and power level can be changed by interface subsystem, the inverter in kind that can complete like this comprising hardware circuit (power section) and controller part is comprehensively tested, and makes the test of inverter more complete; And, utilize Digital Simulation subsystem to carry out Digital Simulation according to electric network model to network system, like this, comparatively real network system can be set up, make it possible to test generating set to the impact of real network system, make test result more accurate; Meanwhile, utilize physical simulation subsystem to simulate generating set, Digital Simulation can be overcome to the inaccurate shortcoming of generating set modeling, make simulation more accurate; Finally, adopt inverter in kind in a test system, Digital Simulation can be overcome to the inaccurate shortcoming of inverter modeling, make test result more accurate.
In addition, described Digital Simulation subsystem comprises digital-to-analogue conversion interface, and described interface subsystem comprises the first sampling unit and power amplifier unit; Described digital-to-analogue conversion interface is connected with described first sampling unit; Described first sampling unit is also connected with described power amplifier unit; Described digital-to-analogue conversion interface, for the signal level recorded from described electric network model digital signal is converted to signal level simulating signal, and exports described first sampling unit to; Described power amplifier unit, carries out power amplification for the signal level simulating signal received described first sampling unit, and exports described inverter to.
In addition, described power amplifier unit is Linear Power Amplifier unit.Linear Power Amplifier unit is adopted to greatly reduce the delay time of whole interface subsystem and reduce the harmonic distortion of power amplifier unit itself.
In addition, described Digital Simulation subsystem comprises Analog-digital Converter interface and the second sampling unit, and described interface subsystem comprises sensor and power amplifier unit; Described inverter is connected with described power amplifier unit through described sensor; Described sensor is also connected with described Analog-digital Converter interface; Described Analog-digital Converter interface is also connected with described second sampling unit; Described sensor, the power level simulating signal exported for described inverter of sampling also is converted to signal level simulating signal according to default no-load voltage ratio, and exports described Analog-digital Converter interface to; Described Analog-digital Converter interface, for the signal level simulating signal of reception is converted to signal level digital signal, and exports described second sampling unit to; Described Digital Simulation subsystem, also emulates for the signal level digital signal of described second sampling unit sampling is substituted into described electric network model; Described power amplifier unit is for absorbing the output power of described inverter.
In addition, described host computer simulation subsystem comprises online parameter setting module, realtime curve module and online data logging modle; Described on-line parameter arranges module, for running on the parameter of electric network model in Digital Simulation subsystem according to test target on-line tuning; Described realtime curve module is for showing the data from described Digital Simulation subsystem passback; Described online data logging modle is for preserving the data of described Digital Simulation subsystem passback.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter network access testing system chart according to physically based deformation simulation in prior art;
Fig. 2 be according in prior art based on digital-to-analogue emulation photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter network access testing system chart;
Fig. 3 is the inverter networking emulation test system block diagram according to the present invention one better embodiment.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail.But, persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that in each embodiment of the present invention, proposing many ins and outs to make reader understand the application better.But, even without these ins and outs with based on the many variations of following embodiment and amendment, each claim of the application technical scheme required for protection also can be realized.
A better embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of inverter networking emulation test system, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 3, comprises: host computer simulation subsystem, Digital Simulation subsystem, physical simulation subsystem, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, interface subsystem and electrical network.
Host computer simulation subsystem is connected with Digital Simulation subsystem, for real-time supervisory control simulation test process.Specifically, host computer simulation subsystem comprises online parameter setting module (not shown), realtime curve module and online data logging modle (not shown).On-line parameter arranges module runs on the electric network model in Digital Simulation subsystem parameter according to test target on-line tuning.Such as, if test power network fluctuation is on the impact of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, voltage magnitude, frequency parameter that module arranges electric network model online can be set by the on-line parameter in host computer simulation subsystem, the fluctuation of line voltage is emulated; For another example, if test electric network fault is on the impact of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, also by the parameter of adjustment electric network model, the fault of electrical network can be emulated, to test the impact of electric network fault on photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Realtime curve module is used for the data of the digital simulation subsystem passback of display in real time.Online data logging modle preserves the data of Digital Simulation subsystem passback.
Digital Simulation subsystem carries out Digital Simulation according to built-in electric network model to electrical network.Specifically, in the present embodiment, complicated topological structure of electric (electric network model) can be set up in Digital Simulation subsystem, carry out close to real emulation to electrical network, the characteristics such as the fluctuation of actual electric network, fault can also be simulated, instead of a simple power supply.By simulating the fluctuation of actual electric network, the impact of actual electric network fluctuation on photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can be tested.Utilize Digital Simulation subsystem to carry out Digital Simulation according to electric network model to network system, the impact of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter on real network system can also be tested, test result more truly, more accurate.
Physical simulation subsystem carries out physical simulation according to the model of built-in photovoltaic cell to photovoltaic cell.Utilize physical simulation system to simulate photovoltaic cell, Digital Simulation can be overcome to the inaccurate shortcoming of generating set modeling, make simulation more accurate.
Digital Simulation subsystem is connected with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter through interface subsystem; Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is also connected with physical simulation subsystem.Interface subsystem carries out power transfer to signal mutual between digital simulation subsystem and inverter.On the one hand, the signal of the signal level that Digital Simulation subsystem exports by interface subsystem is converted to the signal of power level, for the power that inverter adopts and absorb inverter to send; On the other hand, the signal of the power level that inverter exports by interface subsystem is converted to the signal of signal level, emulates for Digital Simulation subsystem; Because the signal of the signal of signal level and power level can be changed by interface subsystem, like this, can complete and the complete inverter containing hardware circuit (power section) and controller part is tested, make the test of inverter more complete.
Adopt photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in kind in a test system, Digital Simulation can be overcome to the inaccurate shortcoming of inverter modeling, avoid emulating inverter internal power electronic devices to close and the interrupting process i.e. technological difficulties of dynamic perfromance fast, make test result more accurate.And, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter material object is placed in the virtual network system set up by Digital Simulation subsystem and carries out closed-loop simulation, can make test environment both with actual environment closer to, make test result truer.
In addition, Digital Simulation subsystem also comprises grid simulation module (not shown); Grid simulation module is connected with interface subsystem, sets up real line voltage for control interface subsystem.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, Digital Simulation subsystem adopts real-time simulation machine.High speed processor (for simulating real-time simulated animation) and digital-to-analogue conversion interface (D/A), Analog-digital Converter interface (A/D) and the second sampling unit is comprised in real-time simulation machine; Interface subsystem comprises the first sampling unit, current sensor and power amplifier unit; Physical simulation subsystem is photovoltaic simulator.
Processor is connected with digital-to-analogue conversion interface (D/A), and processor carries out Digital Simulation according to electric network model to electrical network, and simulation result is exported to digital-to-analogue conversion interface (D/A); Digital-to-analogue conversion interface (D/A) carries out digital-to-analog conversion to the signal received, and by the analog signal output after conversion to the first sampling unit of interface subsystem.Wherein, what Digital Simulation subsystem produced is the signal of signal level, and power is lower, can not directly for physical simulation subsystem is used.
Digital-to-analogue conversion interface (D/A) is connected with the first sampling unit, and the first sampling unit is also connected with power amplifier unit.The signal level signal that first sampling unit exports for receiving digital-to-analogue conversion interface (D/A), and export power amplifier unit to, carry out power amplification, set up real line voltage; Wherein, the signal that inverter receives is power level signal.In the present embodiment, power amplifier unit can adopt linear power amplifier unit, specifically can adopt the power amplifier of German Spitzenberger & Spies (SPS), like this, the delay time of whole interface subsystem can be greatly reduced and avoid the problem that causes measuring accuracy to decline by the harmonic distortion of power amplifier unit itself in test process.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is connected with photovoltaic simulator, and photovoltaic simulator sends direct current according to set environmental characteristic simulation photovoltaic cell, and DC conversion is that then alternating current is incorporated in the electrical network of simulating in Digital Simulation subsystem by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can dynamically regulate its grid-connected current produced according to line voltage.
Because the signal level signal that Digital Simulation subsystem produces can be converted to power level signal by power amplifier unit, like this, controller in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can utilize Digital Simulation subsystem simulation result to control, and a concrete disturbance in test electricity (micro-) net is on the impact of photovoltaic generating system.
So far describe and build line voltage by the simulate signal of Digital Simulation subsystem and form the course of work of the photovoltaic inverter grid-connected of grid-connected inverters electric current.As from the foregoing, the test macro in present embodiment, can carry out flexible according to test target.
Introduce the course of work of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter feedback analog information to Digital Simulation subsystem below.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is connected with power amplifier unit through Hall type current sensor, and current sensor is also connected with Analog-digital Converter interface (A/D).The power level direct current signal that photovoltaic simulator produces is converted to power level AC signal (simulating signal) by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and exports power amplifier unit to, absorbs its power sent by power amplifier unit; Current sensor is connected in the circuit that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is connected with power amplifier unit, the power level simulating signal that sampling photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter exports, and be converted to signal level voltage signal (simulating signal) according to default no-load voltage ratio, and export Analog-digital Converter interface (A/D) to.
Analog-digital Converter interface (A/D) is also connected with the second sampling unit, for the signal level simulating signal of reception is converted to signal level digital signal, and exports the second sampling unit to.
Second sampling unit is connected with processor, and for exporting the signal of reception to processor, the signal level digital signal that the second sampling unit is sampled by processor substitutes into electric network model and emulates, the impact that test photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter networks on complex electric network.
Because the power level signal that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter produces can be converted to signal level signal by current sensor, like this, Digital Simulation subsystem just can utilize the grid-connected current analog quantity of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter to resolve, and test photovoltaic networking grid-connected inverters is on the impact of complex electric network.
It should be noted that, the power that power amplifier unit absorbs can not feed back to electrical network, and electrical network is only for powering for power amplifier unit.
As from the foregoing, in present embodiment, test macro is by changing the electrical network parameter of Digital Simulation side, can the scale of Reality simulation electrical network and power network fluctuation effect, also the PV family curve of physical simulation sidelight volt simulator can be changed, under reaching simulation varying environment condition, real photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter networking experimental enviroment.In a word, in present embodiment, test macro has both the authenticity of physical simulation and the characteristic such as Digital Simulation modeling speed is fast, simulation scale is large, parameter on-line tuning is convenient.
Specifically, utilize the test macro in present embodiment, networking stable state, the relay protection of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can also be carried out; The low voltage crossing test of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; Anti-island protect test; Networking l-G simulation test under photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter microgrid environment; As long as adjust the parameter of electric network model and model according to test target.
In addition, it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, take photovoltaic cell as generating set for example has been described in detail, in actual applications, generating set also can be other new forms of energy equipment, is not limited to the photovoltaic cell in present embodiment.
Test macro in present embodiment be the network access testing of new forms of energy equipment provide efficiently, flexibly, test macro accurately, for ac and dc systems influence each other and the characteristic of system such as renewable energy power generation, energy storage, microgrid and the research of access technology provide a new approach.
Compared with prior art, utilize interface subsystem to carry out power transfer to signal mutual between digital simulation subsystem and inverter, the signal of the signal level exported by Digital Simulation subsystem is on the one hand converted to the signal of power level, simulates for inverter employing and physical simulation subsystem; On the other hand, the signal of the power level exported by inverter is converted to the signal of signal level, emulates for Digital Simulation subsystem; Because the signal of the signal of signal level and power level can be changed by interface subsystem, the complete inverter that can complete like this comprising hardware circuit (power section) and controller part is comprehensively tested, and makes the test of inverter more complete; And, utilize Digital Simulation subsystem to carry out Digital Simulation according to electric network model to network system, like this, comparatively real network system can be set up, make it possible to test generating set to the impact of real network system, make test result more accurate; Meanwhile, utilize physical simulation subsystem to simulate generating set, Digital Simulation can be overcome to the inaccurate shortcoming of generating set modeling, make simulation more accurate; Finally, adopt inverter in kind in a test system, Digital Simulation can be overcome to the inaccurate shortcoming of inverter modeling, make test result more accurate.
Persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the respective embodiments described above realize specific embodiments of the invention, and in actual applications, various change can be done to it in the form and details, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.