CN105181717A - Coal gangue phase analysis method based on energy dispersion X-ray spectrum - Google Patents
Coal gangue phase analysis method based on energy dispersion X-ray spectrum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal gangue phase analysis method based on an energy dispersion X-ray spectrum. The method includes the specific steps of firstly, analyzing the chemical composition of coal gangue through chemical analysis or X-ray spectrofluorimetry; secondly, analyzing the mineral composition of coal gangue through X-ray diffraction; thirdly, determining types of elements where energy spectrum face distribution images need to be collected; fourthly, shooting backscattered electron images and element energy spectrum face distribution images of coal gangue, and analyzing and observing composition of main phases through energy spectrum points; fifthly, designing a phase analysis method, comprehensively processing the energy spectrum distribution images of all the elements in the same area, removing noise in the analysis result, and obtaining split phase pseudocolor images and the phase analysis result of coal gangue. The phase analysis method can be used for type analysis, volume percentage content calculation and space distribution observation in coal gangue and activated coal gangue. The method is effective for both the crystalline state phase and the amorphous state phase, and is sensitive to the low-content phase.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of Environment Protection (solid waste utilization) and material analysis field tests, be specifically related to a kind of gangue Phase Analysis based on energy dispersion X ray spectrum.
Background technology
Gangue is the carbon containing rock of discharging in the production runes such as development and driving of coal mines, coal mining and coal washing, is the maximum coal solid waste of discharge capacity and accumulation volume of cargo in storage.Al and Si element is generally rich in gangue, and a small amount of Ca element, its chemical composition is comparatively similar to the Ca-Al-Si system forming cement.Therefore, production gangue being used for the building materialss such as cement, mortar and concrete is one of the important channel realizing gangue scale, high value added utilization.
Large quantity research shows, the reactivity of original state gangue is very low, needs by heating, grinding or adds after the methods such as chemical activator activate and could be used as supplementary cementitious material.But, the complicated component of gangue, and the undulatory property of composition is very large.The place of production, coal-forming age, rock type, output mode, store up the composition that the factors such as time all can affect gangue, and then affect its reactivity.In order to more effectively utilize gangue, we need comprehensively, measure the thing phase composition of gangue and active coal gangue exactly, on this basis, explore activating process, evaluate activation effect, study reaction mechanism, optimize material mixture ratio.
In the past, the mineral composition of gangue is tested by various quantitative x-ray diffraction technology mostly, these methods can measure kind and the content of crystalline state thing phase in original state gangue and active coal gangue, but the kind of amorphous state thing phase, content cannot be drawn, and the space distribution of various thing phase in gangue.But, easily there is spontaneous combustion in original state gangue stacking process, in reactivation process, adopt high-temperature calcination process more easily to improve its reactivity, therefore, in gangue, often there is the amorphous state thing phase of some.And the activity of gangue exactly depends on the kind of these amorphous state thing phases, content and space distribution thereof.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of gangue Phase Analysis based on energy dispersion X ray spectrum, it can carry out Analysis of components, volumn concentration calculating and space distribution observation to gangue, active coal gangue.
The gangue Phase Analysis based on energy dispersion X ray spectrum that the present invention proposes, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) chemical composition analysis: adopt chemical analysis or X-ray fluorescence spectra to analyze the chemical composition of gangue (or active coal gangue), according to the element kind recorded and constituent content information, obtained element kind is tentatively defined as the element kind needing to gather power spectrum mapping picture;
(2) crystalline state Analysis of components: the mineral composition adopting X-ray diffraction analysis gangue (or active coal gangue), the chemical composition of the gangue (or active coal gangue) kind of the crystalline state thing phase recorded and step (1) recorded is as one of the design considerations of power spectrum image phase-splitting algorithm;
(3) determine to need the element kind gathering power spectrum mapping picture: the information such as source, activation method of chemical element common in the test result of step (1) and step (2), gangue or active coal gangue, gangue comprehensively analyzed, finally determine the element kind needing collection power spectrum mapping picture;
(4) backscattered electron image collection and energy spectrum analysis: select representational region as test zone in gangue (or active coal gangue) sample, the power spectrum mapping picture of each element that collection backscattered electron image and step (3) are determined, then, the backscattered electron image of observing gained forms feature mutually with the thing of element power spectrum mapping picture, on this basis, mutually power spectrum point analysis is carried out to the typical thing in test zone; The thing phase composition of gangue (or active coal gangue) is tentatively recorded by power spectrum point analysis;
(5) thing divides mutually: according to X-ray diffraction, element power spectrum mapping picture and power spectrum point analysis result, design point phase method, by multiple element power spectrum mappings of same test zone as lamination process, judge the compound type of each pixel in test zone, then, remove the noise in analysis result, obtain the compound type of gangue (or active coal gangue), content, space distribution information and phase-splitting pseudocolour picture.
In the present invention, point phase method described in step (5) is decision tree, and specific design method is as follows:
(1) the root node design of decision tree: using each location of pixels in test zone as root node;
(2) the leaf node design of decision tree: thing is identified mutually target is as leaf node, each leaf node only has a predecessor node, does not have descendant node; Described thing identify mutually target be following thing mutually in more than one:
SiO
2; The thing phase be made up of Al, Si and O element; CaO/CaCO
3; The thing phase be made up of K, Al, Si and O element; The thing phase be made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element; The thing phase be made up of Ca, Mg and O element; The thing phase be made up of Na, Al, Si and O element; CaSO
4phase; Al
2o
3; Iron phase; Titanium phase; FeF phase;
(3) kind of processing element power spectrum mapping picture: the power spectrum mapping picture of Si, Al, Ca, Fe, S, Mg, K, Na, Ti, F and O element can be carried out lamination process;
(4) the interior nodes design of decision tree: on decision tree except root node and leaf node, all the other nodes are interior nodes, each interior nodes only has a predecessor node, two descendant nodes, namely an interior nodes can produce two branches after judging, two branches are respectively arranged a descendant node, when two descendant nodes are respectively next interior nodes, each interior nodes can produce again two branches; The rest may be inferred, until branch judges concrete thing phase after several times bifurcated, namely arrives at leaf node, and corresponding branch just stops bifurcated; Described interior nodes is divided into two classes: first kind interior nodes is contrasted the gray-scale value of each pixel and the gray threshold of setting on a certain element power spectrum mapping picture, and the pixel higher than threshold value is judged as signal, and rest of pixels is considered as noise; Equations of The Second Kind interior nodes is compared the ratio of the gray-scale value of two kinds of elements and the threshold value of setting, in order to distinguish the thing phase be made up of according to different proportion relation identical element;
(5) image processing procedure in decision tree: the power spectrum mapping picture first analyzing Si element, then analyze the power spectrum mapping picture of Al element or Ca element, the processing sequence of other elements follow-up can adjust on demand;
(6) judge the method for compound type: when judging the compound type of arbitrary location of pixels in test zone, need the comprehensive Pixel Information analyzing same position place in each element power spectrum mapping picture, the judgment principle of various thing phase is: for SiO
2: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and O element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Al element; Thing phase for Al, Si and O element is formed: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Al element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element, K element and Na element; For CaO/CaCO
3: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Mg element and S element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and O element; Thing phase for being made up of K, Al, Si and O element: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and K element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element; Thing phase for being made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and Ca element; When the thing be made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element in test zone more than one time, distinguish further it with Ca/Al or Ca/Si, above-mentioned ratio is the ratio of the gray-scale value of pixel; Thing phase for being made up of Ca, Mg and O element: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element is signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and Mg element; Thing phase for being made up of Na, Al, Si and O element: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and Na element is noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and K element; For CaSO
4phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Mg element is signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and S element; For Al
2o
3: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Ca element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Al element; For iron phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element, Al element and F element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Fe element; For titanium phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element, Al element and Fe element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ti element; For FeF phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element and Al element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Fe element and F element.The pixel that finally cannot classify as any one thing phase is judged as hole.Above-mentioned decision tree will travel through each location of pixels of test zone.
Compared with quantitative x-ray diffraction and other traditional gangue Phase Analysis, activity rating method, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) compound type detected more comprehensively.Traditional X-ray diffraction method can detect the total amount of the kind of crystalline state thing phase and quantity, amorphous state thing phase, but cannot segment further mutually amorphous state thing.And power spectrum image method is quite different.The power of energy spectrum signal only depends on sample preparation effect and constituent content, is that crystalline state or amorphous state have nothing to do mutually, therefore, can carries out element combinations by decision tree, and then identify more thing phases that may exist with thing.
(2) analysis result is all very sensitive mutually to the thing that content is different.When shooting backscattered electron image and element power spectrum image, the enlargement factor of image selects 500 times or 1000 times usually.As long as the ratio of sample and epoxy resin is suitable, the particle of quantity abundance in test zone, will be comprised, and the resolution of image can reach 1 microns.Therefore, for the thing phase that content is lower, as long as its thing phase composition feature is obvious, even if particle diameter only has several microns, also can be identified by decision tree.
(3) space distribution of thing phase can be observed.The power spectrum mapping picture of backscattered electron image, element all with the section of sample for object of observation, contain the kind of thing phase, content and spatial positional information in gained image.Therefore, after the backscattered electron image of the same area and multiple element power spectrum image congruencing process, the phase-splitting pseudocolour picture of gained clearly can present the space distribution of various thing phase.The above results for evaluating in activating coal gangue effect, the reactivity of forecasting coal spoil, Study on Coal spoil the not Hydration mechanism of jljl in cement-based material, to set up the hydration model of coal-stone mixed cement all valuable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the decision tree schematic diagram that gangue (or active coal gangue) power spectrum image thing divides mutually; In figure, X* represents the gray threshold distinguishing signal and noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of X element,
: the threshold value of X1 element and X2 element power spectrum EDS maps gradation of image ratio.Due to O element be prevalent in various thing mutually in, the thing for constitution element complexity represents with shorthand mutually in the drawings, and O element is no longer dated.
Fig. 2 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of active coal gangue in embodiment 1; Letter in legend represents the thing phase detected, wherein: A is SiO
2, B is CaCO
3, C is Ca
2al
2siO
7, D is Ca
2mgSi
2o
7, E is KAlSi
3o
8, F is Fe
2o
3; Letter in collection of illustrative plates above diffraction peak represents the characteristic peak positions of this thing phase.
Fig. 3 is the backscattered electron image of flyash in embodiment 1 and the power spectrum mapping picture of element; Wherein: (a) is backscattered electron image, b () is Ca element power spectrum mapping picture, c () is Si element power spectrum mapping picture, d () is Al element power spectrum mapping picture, e () is Fe element power spectrum mapping picture, f () is S element power spectrum mapping picture, g () is K element power spectrum mapping picture, h () is Mg element power spectrum mapping picture, (i) be Na element power spectrum mapping picture, j () is F element power spectrum mapping picture, (k) is Ti element power spectrum mapping picture, and (l) is O element power spectrum mapping picture.
Fig. 4 is the power spectrum point analysis result of active coal gangue typical case thing phase in test zone shown in Fig. 3 in embodiment 1; Wherein: (a) is the energy spectrum analysis of A point, b () is the energy spectrum analysis of B point, (c) is the energy spectrum analysis of C point, and (d) is the energy spectrum analysis of D point, e () is the energy spectrum analysis of E point, (f) is the energy spectrum analysis of F point.
Fig. 5 is the decision tree schematic diagram that in embodiment 1, active coal gangue power spectrum image thing divides mutually; In figure, X* represents the gray threshold distinguishing signal and noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of X element,
represent the threshold value of X1 element and X2 element power spectrum EDS maps gradation of image ratio.
Fig. 6 is the pseudo color image after the original backscattered electron image of active coal gangue in embodiment 1 and phase-splitting; Wherein: (a) is original backscattered electron image, (b) is the pseudo color image after phase-splitting.
Fig. 7 is the backscattered electron image of active coal gangue in embodiment 2 and the power spectrum mapping picture of element; Wherein: (a) is backscattered electron image, b () is Ca element power spectrum mapping picture, c () is Si element power spectrum mapping picture, d () is Al element power spectrum mapping picture, e () is Fe element power spectrum mapping picture, f () is S element power spectrum mapping picture, g () is K element power spectrum mapping picture, h () is Mg element power spectrum mapping picture, (i) be Na element power spectrum mapping picture, j () is F element power spectrum mapping picture, (k) is Ti element power spectrum mapping picture, and (l) is O element power spectrum mapping picture.
Fig. 8 is the power spectrum point analysis result of active coal gangue typical case thing phase in test zone shown in Fig. 7 in embodiment 2; Wherein: (a) is the energy spectrum analysis of A point, (b) is the energy spectrum analysis of B point, and (c) is the energy spectrum analysis of C point, and (d) is the energy spectrum analysis of D point.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1. analyzes a kind of compound type and space distribution thereof of active coal gangue.Analyze according to following steps:
(1) X-ray fluorescence spectra is adopted, the chemical composition of analyzing activated gangue.Test result shows, the chemical composition of this active coal gangue is: SiO
255.80%, Al
2o
317.70%, CaO13.80%, Fe
2o
33.33%, K
2o1.99%, MgO1.17%, Na
2o0.46%, SO
30.41%, TiO
20.60%.According to above-mentioned test result, tentatively determine that following elements needs to gather power spectrum mapping picture: Si, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, S, Ti, O.
(2) adopt the mineral composition of X-ray diffraction analysis active coal gangue, result as shown in Figure 2.Test result shows, the amorphous material in active coal gangue is quartz (SiO mainly
2), lime stone (CaCO
3), gehlenite (Ca
2al
2siO
7), akermanite (Ca
2mgSi
2o
7), potassium feldspar (KAlSi
3o
8) and haematite (Fe
2o
3).There is steamed bun peak at 21 ° ~ 38 ° in diffraction spectrogram, illustrates in active coal gangue to there is amorphous substance.
(3) test result of combining step (1) and (2), in conjunction with Characteristics of Chemical Constituents and the activation method of gangue, determines that the element kind gathering power spectrum image is: Si, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, S, Ti, F, O.
(4) in active coal gangue sample, select that particle is abundant, the representational region of thing phase composition, the power spectrum mapping picture of shooting backscattered electron image and step (3) described element, result as shown in Figure 3.Test result shows, and all has white point to occur in the power spectrum image of each element.But the quantity of white point, bright-dark degree, aggregation extent and aggregation zone are different.The region that white point aggregation extent is high, brightness is high is corresponding with backscattered electron image occurring the region of active coal gangue particle.Subsequently, according to intensity and the enrichment degree of signal in element power spectrum mapping picture, choose typical enrichment of element region in Fig. 3 and carry out power spectrum point analysis.Test process all carries out under backscattered electron image pattern, i.e. reconnaissance in the test zone shown in Fig. 3 (a).In order to avoid picture mark is too chaotic, be labeled in respectively by measuring point on the power spectrum mapping picture of some elements, result as shown in Figure 4.By power spectrum point analysis, detect the thing phase be made up of Ca element and O element, be made up of Ca element, Al element, Si element and O element but the different thing phase of each element accounting, the thing phase be made up of Si element and O element, the thing phase be made up of K element, Al element, Si element and O element, the thing phase be made up of Al element, Si element and O element.
(5) test result of X-ray diffraction (Fig. 2), power spectrum point analysis (Fig. 4) and the observations of element power spectrum mapping picture (Fig. 3) are gathered, design decision tree analysis process accordingly, divides mutually to the thing of active coal gangue.Using the root node of each location of pixels in test zone as decision tree.Thing is identified mutually target is as leaf node, each leaf node only has a predecessor node, does not have descendant node; In the present embodiment, the thing of decision tree identifies that target is: SiO mutually
2the thing phase (i.e. rauhkalk) be made up of Ca, Mg and O element, the thing phase (i.e. metakaolinite) be made up of Al, Si and O element, the thing phase be made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element, the thing phase (i.e. potassium feldspar) be made up of K, Al, Si and O element, the thing phase (i.e. soda feldspar) be made up of Na, Al, Si and O element, CaSO
4phase, FeF phase, iron phase, titanium phase, CaO/CaCO
3.The kind of the method processing element power spectrum image is: Si, Al, Ca, Fe, S, Mg, K, Na, F, Ti and O element.In decision tree, design two class interior nodes, the gray scale of each pixel and the gray threshold of setting on element power spectrum mapping picture contrast by the first kind, and the pixel higher than threshold value is judged as signal, and rest of pixels is considered as noise; The ratio of gray-scale value of Ca element and Al element and the threshold value of setting compare by Equations of The Second Kind, thus it is different but all comprise the thing phase of Ca element, Al element, Si element and O element to distinguish element composition.The function of above-mentioned two class interior nodes is all the trend judging branch in decision tree, two branches are produced after the judgement of each interior nodes, namely each interior nodes has a predecessor node and two descendant nodes, when branch judges concrete thing phase after several times bifurcated, namely arrive at leaf node, corresponding branch just stops bifurcated.When judging the compound type of arbitrary location of pixels in test zone, need the comprehensive Pixel Information analyzing same position place in each element power spectrum mapping picture, concrete thing phase judgment principle is: for SiO
2: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and O element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Al element; Thing phase (i.e. metakaolinite) for Al, Si and O element is formed: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Al element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element, K element and Na element; For CaO/CaCO
3, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Mg element and S element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and O element; For the thing phase (i.e. potassium feldspar) be made up of K, Al, Si and O element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and K element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element; For the thing phase be made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and Ca element; Wherein, Ca/Al is Ca-Al-SiI phase higher than the judgement of setting threshold value, and Ca/Al is considered as Ca-Al-SiII phase lower than setting threshold value; For the thing phase (i.e. rauhkalk) be made up of Ca, Mg and O element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and Mg element; For the thing phase (i.e. soda feldspar) be made up of Na, Al, Si and O element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and Na element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and K element; For CaSO
4phase is noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Mg element, is signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and S element; For iron phase, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element and F element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Fe element; For titanium phase, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element and Fe element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ti element; For FeF phase, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Ca element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Fe element and F element.Above-mentioned decision tree will travel through each location of pixels of test zone, and the pixel that finally cannot classify as any one thing phase is judged as hole.After carrying out phase-splitting by above-mentioned traditional decision-tree, then by the noise remove in analysis result, obtain the compound type of active coal gangue and space distribution information and phase-splitting pseudocolour picture.
Pseudo color image after the original backscattered electron image of active coal gangue and phase-splitting as shown in Figure 6.Due to O element be prevalent in various thing mutually in, for the ease of mark, the thing complicated for element composition represents with shorthand in legend, and O element is no longer dated.From the phase-splitting result of Fig. 6 (b), there is following thing phase in active coal gangue: SiO
2, rauhkalk, metakaolinite, Ca-Al-SiI phase, Ca-Al-SiII phase, potassium feldspar, soda feldspar, CaSO
4, CaO/CaCO
3, FeF phase, iron phase and titanium phase.
From the space distribution of thing phase, most of active coal gangue particle is all by single thing phase composition, and a few granules comprises more than one thing phase.Quartz is the thing phase that content is the highest, is mainly present in bulky grain, and metakaolinite content takes second place, and is mainly present in granule.CaO/CaCO
3close with the volumn concentration of potassium feldspar, and all lower than metakaolinite, but the distribution situation of the two is different.CaO/CaCO
3mainly be present in granule, this may be relevant with the high calcium slag activating process of gangue, and the particle of potassium feldspar is larger.The content of other thing phases is general all very low, and exists mainly with small particles form.
Embodiment 2. analyzes a kind of compound type and content thereof of active coal gangue.Analyze according to following steps:
(1) step (1)-(3) are same as embodiment 1.
(2) in active coal gangue sample, select representative region, gather the power spectrum mapping picture of backscattered electron image and Si, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, S, F, Ti and O element, result as shown in Figure 7.Therefrom can find out, the power spectrum mapping picture of each element all detects signal.Wherein, the white point quantity occurred in the power spectrum image of O, Si and Al element is many, and enrichment degree is large; Ca, K element are taken second place; The white point occurred in the power spectrum image of S, Fe, Na, Ti, F and Mg element is less.The rule reflected in view of observed result and the embodiment 1 of element power spectrum mapping picture is closely similar, therefore, in the active coal gangue sample observation area shown in Fig. 7, only selects the typical thing of part to carry out power spectrum point analysis mutually.From testing result (Fig. 8), these things have been encompassed in the compound type of embodiment 1 mutually.Therefore, the power spectrum mapping picture of each element in the Phase Analysis lamination process test zone of embodiment 1 is continued to continue to use.
After tested, in active coal gangue, the kind of various thing phase and volumn concentration thereof are:
SiO
245.08%, metakaolinite 29.43%, CaO/CaCO
39.44%, potassium feldspar 8.66%, Ca-Al-SiI phase 2.57%, Ca-Al-SiII phase 0.96%, rauhkalk 0.77%, soda feldspar 0.75%, CaSO
40.48%, iron phase 1.23%, titanium is 0.39%, FeF phase 0.25% mutually.
Claims (2)
1., based on the gangue Phase Analysis of energy dispersion X ray spectrum, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
(1) chemical composition analysis: adopt chemical analysis or X-ray fluorescence spectra to analyze the chemical composition of gangue or active coal gangue, according to the element kind recorded and constituent content information, obtained element kind is tentatively defined as the element kind needing to gather power spectrum mapping picture;
(2) crystalline state Analysis of components: the mineral composition adopting X-ray diffraction analysis gangue or active coal gangue, the gangue obtain the kind of the crystalline state thing phase recorded and step (1) or the chemical composition of active coal gangue are as one of the design considerations of power spectrum image phase-splitting algorithm;
(3) determine to need the element kind gathering power spectrum mapping picture: the source of chemical element, gangue or active coal gangue common in the test result of step (1) and step (2), gangue or active coal gangue, activation method information are comprehensively analyzed, finally determine the element kind needing collection power spectrum mapping picture;
(4) backscattered electron image collection and energy spectrum analysis: select representational region as test zone in gangue or active coal gangue sample, the power spectrum mapping picture of each element that collection backscattered electron image and step (3) are determined, then, the backscattered electron image of observing gained forms feature mutually with the thing of element power spectrum mapping picture, on this basis, mutually power spectrum point analysis is carried out to the typical thing in test zone; The thing phase composition of gangue or active coal gangue is tentatively recorded by power spectrum point analysis;
(5) thing divides mutually: according to X-ray diffraction, element power spectrum mapping picture and power spectrum point analysis result, design point phase method, by multiple element power spectrum mappings of same test zone as lamination process, judge the compound type of each pixel in test zone, then, remove the noise in analysis result, obtain the compound type of gangue or active coal gangue, content, space distribution information and phase-splitting pseudocolour picture.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that point phase method described in step (5) adopts decision tree, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the root node design of decision tree: using each location of pixels in test zone as root node;
(2) the leaf node design of decision tree: thing is identified mutually target is as leaf node, each leaf node only has a predecessor node, does not have descendant node; Described thing identify mutually target be following thing mutually in more than one:
SiO
2; The thing phase be made up of Al, Si and O element; CaO/CaCO
3; The thing phase be made up of K, Al, Si and O element; The thing phase be made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element; The thing phase be made up of Ca, Mg and O element; The thing phase be made up of Na, Al, Si and O element; CaSO
4phase; Al
2o
3; Iron phase; Titanium phase; FeF phase;
(3) kind of processing element power spectrum mapping picture: the power spectrum mapping picture of Si, Al, Ca, Fe, S, Mg, K, Na, Ti, F and O element can be carried out lamination process;
(4) the interior nodes design of decision tree: on decision tree except root node and leaf node, all the other nodes are interior nodes, each interior nodes only has a predecessor node, two descendant nodes, namely an interior nodes can produce two branches after judging, two branches are respectively arranged a descendant node, when two descendant nodes are respectively next interior nodes, each interior nodes can produce again two branches; The rest may be inferred, until branch judges concrete thing phase after several times bifurcated, namely arrives at leaf node, and corresponding branch just stops bifurcated; Described interior nodes is divided into two classes: first kind interior nodes is contrasted the gray-scale value of each pixel and the gray threshold of setting on a certain element power spectrum mapping picture, and the pixel higher than threshold value is judged as signal, and rest of pixels is considered as noise; Equations of The Second Kind interior nodes is compared the ratio of the gray-scale value of two kinds of elements and the threshold value of setting, in order to distinguish the thing phase be made up of according to different proportion relation identical element;
(5) image processing procedure in decision tree: the power spectrum mapping picture first analyzing Si element, then analyze the power spectrum mapping picture of Al element or Ca element, the processing sequence of other elements follow-up can adjust on demand;
(6) judge the method for compound type: when judging the compound type of arbitrary location of pixels in test zone, need the comprehensive Pixel Information analyzing same position place in each element power spectrum mapping picture, the judgment principle of various thing phase is: for SiO
2: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and O element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Al element; Thing phase for Al, Si and O element is formed: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Al element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element, K element and Na element; For CaO/CaCO
3: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Mg element and S element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and O element; Thing phase for being made up of K, Al, Si and O element: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and K element, be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element; Thing phase for being made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and Ca element; When observe the thing that is made up of Ca, Al, Si and O element in test zone more than one time, distinguish further it with Ca/Al or Ca/Si, above-mentioned ratio is the ratio of the gray-scale value of pixel; Thing phase for being made up of Ca, Mg and O element: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element is signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and Mg element; Thing phase for being made up of Na, Al, Si and O element: be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Al element and Na element is noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and K element; For CaSO
4phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Mg element is signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ca element and S element; For Al
2o
3: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element and Ca element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Al element; For iron phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element, Al element and F element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Fe element; For titanium phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element, Al element and Fe element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Ti element; For FeF phase: be noise in the power spectrum mapping picture of Si element, Ca element and Al element, be signal in the power spectrum mapping picture of Fe element and F element; The pixel that finally cannot classify as any one thing phase is judged as hole; Above-mentioned decision tree will travel through each location of pixels of test zone.
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