CN105181195A - Rotating shaft torque measurement device, torque measurement method and rotating speed measurement method - Google Patents
Rotating shaft torque measurement device, torque measurement method and rotating speed measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105181195A CN105181195A CN201510268171.7A CN201510268171A CN105181195A CN 105181195 A CN105181195 A CN 105181195A CN 201510268171 A CN201510268171 A CN 201510268171A CN 105181195 A CN105181195 A CN 105181195A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotating shaft torque measurement device, a torque measurement method and a rotating speed measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of power machinery measurement control. The rotating shaft torque measurement device is composed of a left shaft, a right half shaft, detection blocks and a position detection sensor. The right half shaft (7) is connected with a transmission shaft in series, the left half shaft (1) and the right half shaft (7) are connected through a torsion spring (4) so as to transmit the torque, the left half shaft (1) and the right half shaft (7) can carry out circumferential motions relatively, the torsion spring body rotates along with the transmission shaft, the torsion spring is compressed when the torque is transmitted, a relative angle of the two half shafts is enabled to be changed, and the variation angle is in direct proportion to the torque; and the corresponding torque is acquired through analyzing variations in the relative angle of the two half shafts. The rotating shaft torque measurement device disclosed by the invention effectively solves problems of low reliability, low resolution and narrow working range of other devices when the torque of high-speed rotating shafts is measured and can also act as a rotating speed sensor, and the cost of a measurement system is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the torque measurement under propulsion system transmission shaft rotation status, especially a kind of device adopting the phase method of torsion spring to measure torque transmission shaft, belongs to power machine survey control technology field.
Background technology
Rotating speed and torque energy reflection machine driven system performance are the most important measurement parameters of turning axle.Measure these two amounts how accurately, fast, reliably and at an easy rate, can not affect again the duty of turning axle because introducing measurement feedback element, be the difficult point of torque measurement simultaneously.
The domestic method to torque of rotating shaft measurement mainly contains two kinds at present, and being widely used is that phase method surveys moment of torsion.It is install flexible torsion bar additional in the coaxial direction of turning axle that phase method surveys moment of torsion, when the moment of torsion applied on the rotary shaft is larger, flexible torsion bar in the relative angle change axially between two diverse locations greatly, changed by the relative angle of sensor detection axis to two diverse locations, just can obtain corresponding torque of rotating shaft.Difference according to survey sensor can be divided into electromagnetic type, photo-electric, laser type and condenser type etc.The method requires high to the strength and stiffness of turning axle, and thus cost is higher, and axle is less by torsion angle when turning round, and thus measuring error is comparatively large, in addition the method due to flexible torsion bar be one-shot forming structural member, interchangeability is poor.
Second method is Strain Method, installs strain bridge on the rotary shaft, by measuring the ess-strain value of rotating shaft surface, then measured value is substituted into corresponding force equation and calculates the torque that turning axle bears.Because strain bridge is arranged on high-speed rotating shaft, between strain bridge and outside modulate circuit, need the exchange being carried out energy and signal by wireless transmission or conducting slip ring.Adopt conducting slip ring owned by France in contact type measurement method, conducting slip ring Long Term Contact high-speed rotating shaft very easily causes the damage of torque-measuring apparatus and tested device; And wireless transmission method transmission facility is complicated, poor anti jamming capability, cannot normally work in rugged surroundings.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve during current torque is measured the many deficiencies existed, and invents a kind of torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism and torque measuring method and rotating speed measurement method, has the advantages that interchangeability is good, highly versatile, good reliability and precision are high.
A kind of torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism, is characterized in that: comprise left half axle, right axle shaft, retainer, torsion spring; The left end of above-mentioned right axle shaft has central blind hole, and the right-hand member of left half axle stretches in this central blind hole; The right-hand member of above-mentioned left half axle has central through hole; The right-hand member of above-mentioned retainer is fixed in the central blind hole of right axle shaft, and the left end of retainer to extend in the central through hole of left half axle and is arranged in central through hole by sliding bearing; Above-mentioned torsion spring is arranged on retainer, and its right-hand member is connected with right axle shaft, and its left end is connected with left half axle; Above-mentioned left half axle right-hand member circumference is uniformly distributed N number of first and detects block, and right axle shaft left end circumference is uniformly distributed N number of second and detects block; During original state first detect block and second detect block be circumferentially evenly arranged at interval; N is 2-5; This torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism also comprises the position-detection sensor of the left end side being positioned at right axle shaft; Above-mentioned first detects block, the second detection block is equal to the radial distance of system centre axis, and above-mentioned first detection block, the second detection block, position-detection sensor are equal to the distance of place, right axle shaft right side plane.
The torque measuring method of the torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism described in utilization, it is characterized in that: right axle shaft is connected with transmission shaft, left half axle is connected transmitting torque with right axle shaft by torsion spring, left half axle and right axle shaft can relative circumferential movement, torsion spring body rotates with transmission shaft, during transmitting torque, torsion spring is compressed, and two-semiaxle relative angle is changed, and the angle of change is directly proportional to moment of torsion; By analyzing the relative angle change of two-semiaxle, thus obtain corresponding moment of torsion.
Described torque measuring method, it is characterized in that: when the change in torque that axle transmits, first detection block and the second relative position detecting block change, when rotating shaft rotates, first detection block and second detects block makes position-detection sensor produce pulse voltage signal, rotating shaft rotates a circle and produces 2N voltage pulse waveforms, corresponding 2N the position detected block and circumferentially distributing, changed by the phase place of adjacent pulse in analytical voltage pulse waveform, obtain the relative angle change of two-semiaxle, thus obtain corresponding moment of torsion.
Described torque measuring method, it is characterized in that: when the shaft is rotated, without under moment of torsion load condition, equally distributed N number of first detects block and N number of second detects block and makes position-detection sensor produce 2N time interval identical voltage pulse waveforms, and the relative phase of adjacent pulse is zero; When loading moment of torsion is T, the relative phase of adjacent pulse is changed to a; The corresponding relation of a and the T that prior demarcation is different, just can change a from phase place and obtain T; Detect block and N number of second and detect block in order to solve N number of first and make can not be evenly arranged completely when being interposed between original state between detection block circumference owing to installing foozle, thus bring the problem of phase-angle detection error, in phase calculation, calculate the time interval t in 2N voltage pulse waveforms between adjacent 2 pulses respectively
1, t
2..., t
2N, and it is sorted from big to small as t
1', t
2' ..., t
2N', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
Described torque measuring method, is characterized in that: above-mentioned N=2; Axle rotates a circle generation 4 voltage pulse waveforms, corresponding four positions detected block and circumferentially distributing, can obtain by the method for 2 impulse phases change adjacent in analytical voltage pulse waveform the angle that two-semiaxle changes relatively, and then obtain the moment of torsion that is directly proportional to angle; When moment of torsion is zero, the time interval t respectively in calculating voltage pulse waveform between adjacent 4 pulses
1, t
2, t
3, t
4, and it is sorted from big to small as t
1', t
2', t
3', t
4', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
When moment of torsion is certain non-vanishing value T, the time interval t in calculating voltage pulse waveform between adjacent 4 pulses
5, t
6, t
7, t
8, and it is sorted from big to small as t
5', t
6', t
7', t
8', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
Therefore, when moment of torsion is T, two semiaxis angles when opposing torque is zero are changed to a
1-a
0; By demarcating the relation that can obtain between two semiaxis Angular measures moments of torsion.
The rotating speed measurement method of described torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that: when the shaft is rotated, N number of first detection block and N number of second detects block makes position-detection sensor produce 2N voltage pulse waveforms, the time interval t respectively in calculating voltage pulse waveform between an adjacent 2N pulse
1, t
2..., t
2N, the computing formula of rotating speed n is:
T in formula
1, t
2..., t
2Nunit be second.
Integration high speed torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism of the present invention is that method is turned round in a kind of survey based on torsion spring, and torsion spring is usually used in the balanced controls in machinery, and its torsional angle is proportional to moment of torsion.Torsion spring being applied to rotor torque to measure, by measuring torsional angle size, the size of moment of torsion can being experienced well, and suitable torsion spring can be selected according to measurement range, torsional angle is changed and is in suitable scope, improve measuring accuracy, and there is good interchangeability.In order to solve the integrity problem of sensor, in structural design, devise sliding bearing, hard cover and retainer mechanism dexterously, torsion spring is installed reliable, the stress distribution of contact site is even, and reduces circumference friction.
The clear superiority that the present invention has is: the present invention is a kind of contactless torque measuring method, simple and reliable for structure, without the need to installing electronic elements and circuit on rotor, the torque measurement requirement of high-speed rotating shaft under rugged surroundings can be met, measure fast, result is accurate.Measurement mechanism inside of the present invention adopts torsion spring to experience torque, has the advantages that the linearity is good, precision is high, interchangeability is strong, be easy to making, and can change transducer range by change torsion spring, working range is broad.The problem that when the present invention efficiently solves other measurement device high speed rotor moments of torsion, reliability is low, resolution is low, working range is narrow, and doublely can make speed probe, reduce measuring system cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the outside schematic diagram of integration high speed torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism;
Fig. 2 is integration high speed torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism inner structure schematic diagram;
Metal bosses position transducer oscillogram when being zero that Fig. 3 is moment of torsion;
Fig. 4 be moment of torsion non-vanishing time metal bosses position transducer oscillogram;
Number in the figure title: 1. left half axle, 2. sliding bearing, 3. left half axle hard cover, 4. torsion spring, 5. retainer, 6. right axle shaft hard cover, 7. right axle shaft, 8. first detects block, 9. second detect block, 10. position-detection sensor, 1-1. central through hole, 7-1. central blind hole.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, integration high speed torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism, detects block position transducer 10 by left half axle 1 with right axle shaft 7 and non contact metal and forms, and left half axle 1 has two first detect block 8, right axle shaft 7 has two second detect block 9.
As shown in Figure 2, integration high speed torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism inner structure comprises left half axle 1, sliding bearing 2, left half axle hard cover 3, torsion spring 4, retainer 5, right axle shaft hard cover 6, right axle shaft 7.Connected by torsion spring 4 between left half axle 1 and right axle shaft 7, connecting portion adopts hard cover to be fixed on left half axle 1 and right axle shaft 7 respectively, and the stress equilibrium of contact site is distributed.Retainer 5 is positioned in the middle of torsion spring 4, and holds together with right axle shaft 7, is connected between retainer 5 with left half axle 1 by sliding bearing 2, to reduce circumference friction, improves measuring accuracy.
Integration high speed torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism is connected with transmission shaft, left half axle 1 and right axle shaft 2 can relative circumferential movement, two jackshafts connect torsion pass by torsion spring 4, torsion spring body rotates with rotating shaft, during transmitting torque, torsion spring is compressed, two-semiaxle relative angle is changed, and the first relative position detecting block 8 and the second detection block 9 also changes simultaneously.When rotor rotates, the first detection block 8 and the second detection block 9 make position-detection sensor 10 produce pulse voltage signal.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, rotor rotates a circle generation 4 voltage pulse waveforms, corresponding four positions detected block and circumferentially distributing, can obtain by the method for 2 impulse phases change adjacent in analytical voltage pulse waveform the angle that two-semiaxle changes relatively, and then obtain the moment of torsion that is directly proportional to angle.Fig. 3 is moment of torsion when being zero, the cycle t of adjacent 4 pulses in calculating voltage pulse waveform respectively
1, t
2, t
3, t
4, and it is sorted from big to small as t
1', t
2', t
3', t
4', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
Fig. 4 is moment of torsion when being certain non-vanishing value T, the cycle t of adjacent 4 pulses in calculating voltage pulse waveform
5, t
6, t
7, t
8, and it is sorted from big to small as t
5', t
6', t
7', t
8', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
Therefore, when moment of torsion is T, two semiaxis angles when opposing torque is zero are changed to a
1-a
0.By demarcating the relation that can obtain between two semiaxis Angular measures moments of torsion.
Integration high speed torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism can also double as speed probe, and the computing formula of rotating speed n is:
T in formula
1, t
2, t
3, t
4unit be second.
Claims (6)
1. a torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism, is characterized in that:
Comprise left half axle (1), right axle shaft (7), retainer (5), torsion spring (4);
The left end of above-mentioned right axle shaft (7) has central blind hole (7-1), and the right-hand member of left half axle (1) stretches in this central blind hole (7-1);
The right-hand member of above-mentioned left half axle (1) has central through hole (1-1);
The right-hand member of above-mentioned retainer (5) is fixed in the central blind hole (7-1) of right axle shaft (7), and the left end of retainer (5) extend in the central through hole (1-1) of left half axle (1) and is also arranged in central through hole (1-1) by sliding bearing (2);
Above-mentioned torsion spring (4) is arranged on retainer (5), and its right-hand member is connected with right axle shaft (7), and its left end is connected with left half axle (1);
Above-mentioned left half axle (1) right-hand member circumference is uniformly distributed N number of first and detects block (8), and right axle shaft (7) left end circumference is uniformly distributed N number of second and detects block (9); During original state first detect block (8) and second detect block (9) be circumferentially evenly arranged at interval; N is 2-5;
This torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism also comprises the position-detection sensor (10) of the left end side being positioned at right axle shaft (7);
Above-mentioned first detects block (8), second, and to detect block (9) equal to the radial distance of system centre axis, and above-mentioned first detects block (8), second detects block (9), position-detection sensor (10) is equal to the distance of right axle shaft (7) place, right side plane.
2. utilize the torque measuring method of the torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Right axle shaft (7) is connected with transmission shaft, left half axle (1) is connected transmitting torque with right axle shaft (7) by torsion spring (4), left half axle (1) and right axle shaft (7) can relative circumferential movement, torsion spring body rotates with transmission shaft, during transmitting torque, torsion spring is compressed, two-semiaxle relative angle is changed, and the angle of change is directly proportional to moment of torsion; By analyzing the relative angle change of two-semiaxle, thus obtain corresponding moment of torsion.
3. torque measuring method according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
When the change in torque that axle transmits, first detects block (8) changes with the second relative position detecting block (9), when rotating shaft rotates, first detection block (8) and second detects block (9) makes position-detection sensor (10) produce pulse voltage signal, rotating shaft rotates a circle and produces 2N voltage pulse waveforms, corresponding 2N the position detected block and circumferentially distributing, changed by the phase place of adjacent pulse in analytical voltage pulse waveform, obtain the relative angle change of two-semiaxle, thus obtain corresponding moment of torsion.
4. torque measuring method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
When the shaft is rotated, without under moment of torsion load condition, equally distributed N number of first detects block and N number of second detects block and makes position-detection sensor produce 2N time interval identical voltage pulse waveforms, and the relative phase of adjacent pulse is zero; When loading moment of torsion is T, the relative phase of adjacent pulse is changed to a; The corresponding relation of a and the T that prior demarcation is different, just can change a from phase place and obtain T; Detect block and N number of second and detect block in order to solve N number of first and make can not be evenly arranged completely when being interposed between original state between detection block circumference owing to installing foozle, thus bring the problem of phase-angle detection error, in phase calculation, calculate the time interval t in 2N voltage pulse waveforms between adjacent 2 pulses respectively
1, t
2..., t
2N, and it is sorted from big to small as t
1', t
2' ..., t
2N', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
5. torque measuring method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned N=2;
Axle rotates a circle generation 4 voltage pulse waveforms, corresponding four positions detected block and circumferentially distributing, can obtain by the method for 2 impulse phases change adjacent in analytical voltage pulse waveform the angle that two-semiaxle changes relatively, and then obtain the moment of torsion that is directly proportional to angle;
When moment of torsion is zero, the time interval t respectively in calculating voltage pulse waveform between adjacent 4 pulses
1, t
2, t
3, t
4, and it is sorted from big to small as t
1', t
2', t
3', t
4', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
When moment of torsion is certain non-vanishing value T, the time interval t in calculating voltage pulse waveform between adjacent 4 pulses
5, t
6, t
7, t
8, and it is sorted from big to small as t
5', t
6', t
7', t
8', in voltage pulse waveforms, adjacent 2 impulse phase computing formula are:
Therefore, when moment of torsion is T, two semiaxis angles when opposing torque is zero are changed to a
1-a
0; By demarcating the relation that can obtain between two semiaxis Angular measures moments of torsion.
6. utilize the rotating speed measurement method of the torque of rotating shaft measurement mechanism described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
When the shaft is rotated, N number of first detection block (8) and N number of second detects block (9) makes position-detection sensor (10) produce 2N voltage pulse waveforms, the time interval t respectively in calculating voltage pulse waveform between an adjacent 2N pulse
1, t
2..., t
2N, the computing formula of rotating speed n is:
T in formula
1, t
2..., t
2Nunit be second.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510268171.7A CN105181195B (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2015-05-22 | Torque of rotating shaft and rotating speed measurement method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510268171.7A CN105181195B (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2015-05-22 | Torque of rotating shaft and rotating speed measurement method |
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| CN105181195A true CN105181195A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN105181195B CN105181195B (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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| CN201510268171.7A Expired - Fee Related CN105181195B (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2015-05-22 | Torque of rotating shaft and rotating speed measurement method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106514720A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-22 | 北京邮电大学 | Embedded torque sensor and sensing device for joint module |
| CN108593163A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-09-28 | 南京拓科电子有限公司 | A kind of Photoelectric Detection metal shaft deformation torque sensor |
| CN112504588A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-16 | 广电计量检测（天津）有限公司 | Torsional spring stress relaxation acceleration test device |
| CN113959722A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Torque-propeller pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measuring device and method based on tone wheel |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5960331A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-06 | Comput Basic Mach Technol Res Assoc | Load torque measuring device |
| CN201941616U (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-08-24 | 南京衡昕龙机电科技有限公司 | Constant tension compensation device for electrified railway contact network based on torsion spring |
| CN202274958U (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-06-13 | 凯迈（洛阳）测控有限公司 | Torque and rotation angle measuring device |
| CN203616030U (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-05-28 | 丽水职业技术学院 | Micro-range dynamic torque sensor |
-
2015
- 2015-05-22 CN CN201510268171.7A patent/CN105181195B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5960331A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-06 | Comput Basic Mach Technol Res Assoc | Load torque measuring device |
| CN201941616U (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-08-24 | 南京衡昕龙机电科技有限公司 | Constant tension compensation device for electrified railway contact network based on torsion spring |
| CN202274958U (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-06-13 | 凯迈（洛阳）测控有限公司 | Torque and rotation angle measuring device |
| CN203616030U (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-05-28 | 丽水职业技术学院 | Micro-range dynamic torque sensor |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106514720A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-22 | 北京邮电大学 | Embedded torque sensor and sensing device for joint module |
| CN106514720B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-04-26 | 北京邮电大学 | Embedded torque sensor and sensing device for joint module |
| CN108593163A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-09-28 | 南京拓科电子有限公司 | A kind of Photoelectric Detection metal shaft deformation torque sensor |
| CN108593163B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2024-04-16 | 南京拓科电子有限公司 | Photoelectric detection metal shaft deformation moment sensor |
| CN112504588A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-16 | 广电计量检测（天津）有限公司 | Torsional spring stress relaxation acceleration test device |
| CN113959722A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Torque-propeller pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measuring device and method based on tone wheel |
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