CN105167878B - 增加驴受胎率的鲜精人工授精方法 - Google Patents

增加驴受胎率的鲜精人工授精方法 Download PDF

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CN105167878B
CN105167878B CN201510554754.6A CN201510554754A CN105167878B CN 105167878 B CN105167878 B CN 105167878B CN 201510554754 A CN201510554754 A CN 201510554754A CN 105167878 B CN105167878 B CN 105167878B
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artificial insemination
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CN105167878A (zh
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常仲乐
谭景和
罗明久
刘冰
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种增加驴受胎率的鲜精人工授精方法，它包括鲜精采集、消毒稀释处理过程和诱导排卵定时输精过程，首先将采集的精液灭菌稀释，然后采用注射激素法使驴集中时间进行排卵，降低卵泡发育中闭锁的几率，并在排卵前10小时至排卵后6小时内、将消毒稀释处理的鲜精实施人工输精，输精剂量15mL，确保驴精子与驴卵子在具有受精能力的时间内相遇完成受精过程，使驴受胎。采用本发明采用诱导排卵定时输精的技术措施情期受胎率可达73.3％。

Description

增加驴受胎率的鲜精人工授精方法
技术领域
本发明涉及牲畜人工授精方法。
技术背景
驴属于马属动物，为了增加繁育量，一般采取人工授精方法。由于马属动物的卵巢结构的特殊性，在出现发情表现后发情持续期变化较大，一般会持续3～14天，驴的排卵时间也会因卵巢上卵泡生长位置的差异，排卵时间也会出现较大差异，排卵时间多在发情的第7～10天，在发情停止前的12～24小时内排卵不等，这就造成了驴输精时间难以确定。传统技术是通过对卵巢的直肠触诊，在感觉到卵泡发育到卵泡柔软有弹性，具波动以后时实施输精，即直肠检查的第3期和第4期，但直肠触诊技术需要技术人员很长时间的经验积累，不同人对卵泡发育阶段的判断也存在差异，即使准确判定卵泡发育的阶段，也难以准确的确定排卵时间，3期的卵泡会维持1～3天,4期的卵泡也会持续1-3天，也难以确定排卵时间，这就造成了情期排卵难以控制，一次人工输精后受胎率不足30％，需要对驴多次人工输精才能提高受胎率。经试验，每二小时进行一次人工输精，连续操作1-3天，才能达到70％以上的受胎率；这样连续操作费时费力，是常规情况下难以做到的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种使用鲜精增加驴受胎率的方法。
本发明的目的是这样达到的：
一种增加驴受胎率的鲜精人工授精方法，其特征在于，它包括鲜精采集、消毒稀释处理过程和诱导排卵定时输精过程，具体是：
(一)鲜精采集、消毒稀释处理过程是，采用假阴道采集公驴的精液，精液经灭菌的4层消毒纱布过滤，除去胶冻，用肉眼观察原精液的颜色，正常精液色泽呈乳白、灰白色或淡黄色，取正常精液并记录原精液量，在配有38℃恒温装置的相差显微镜上评定活率，取活率≥70％的原精进行稀释；稀释按原精与稀释液1：1的体积比例等温稀释；稀释后的鲜精应在1小时之内对待孕母驴完成输精过程；
稀释液按以下成分配制：三羟基三甲基甲烷33—34g、柠檬酸8—9g、葡萄糖15—16g、甘油70—71mL、青霉素5万单位、链霉素5万单位：
(二)诱导排卵定时输精过程是，在驴出现发情表现后的第7～10天内，人工将直肠B超探头经驴直肠送至卵巢部位，通过调整直肠探头在卵巢部位的扫描面，检测卵巢上卵泡发育的大小尺寸，当发现卵泡直径达到3.4-3.5cm时，给驴注射300单位的促黄体素或绒毛膜促性腺素，使驴集中时间进行排卵，降低卵泡发育中闭锁的几率，并在排卵前10小时至排卵后6小时内、将消毒稀释处理的鲜精实施人工输精，输精剂量15mL，确保驴精子与驴卵子在具有受精能力的时间内相遇完成受精过程，使驴受胎。
本发明采用诱导排卵定时输精的技术措施，积极效果如下：
1、利用B超技术检测卵巢，可清晰见到卵泡的大小，与传统直肠触诊技术相比，便于技术人员掌握和技术推广，不需要长时间的经验积累和长时间培训，同时避免检测人员对卵泡发育阶段的误判，减少对传统直肠触诊技术的依赖。
2、在卵泡达到特定大小后利用激素处理，可以降低卵泡发育中闭锁的几率，同时卵泡发生排卵的时间相对比较集中，可以实现排卵后6小时内或排卵前10小时定时进行输精，减少了传统直肠触诊技术难以确定排卵时间的问题。
3、通过在规定时间内一次输精，可保障精子与卵子均在具有受精能力的时间内相遇完成受精，同时由于输精次数少，减少了母驴子宫的排异反应，可以在一定程度上提高受胎率，特别是冷冻精液受胎率。
下面是本发明与传统直肠触诊的方法实验效果效果对比：
从图中看出，采用本发明采用诱导排卵定时输精的技术措施，只需1次输精情期受胎率可达73.3％。
具体实施方式
本领域技术人员根据发明内容描述的鲜精采集、消毒稀释处理过程和诱导排卵定时输精过程即可实施，在此不再详细描述。

Claims (1)

1.一种增加驴受胎率的鲜精的处理方法，其特征在于，
将公驴的精液经灭菌的4层消毒纱布过滤，除去胶冻，用肉眼观察原精液的颜色，正常精液色泽呈乳白、灰白色或淡黄色，取正常精液并记录原精液量，在配有38℃恒温装置的相差显微镜上评定活率，取活率≥70％的原精进行稀释；稀释按原精与稀释液1：1的体积比例等温稀释；
稀释液按以下成分配制：三羟甲基氨基甲烷33—34g、柠檬酸8—9g、葡萄糖15—16g、甘油70—71mL、青霉素5万单位、链霉素5万单位。
CN201510554754.6A 2015-09-02 2015-09-02 增加驴受胎率的鲜精人工授精方法 Expired - Fee Related CN105167878B (zh)

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CN110742058B (zh) * 2016-06-29 2022-02-01 许红喜 一种冷冻保存动物精子的方法
CN106212379B (zh) * 2016-07-29 2018-11-27 东阿阿胶股份有限公司 毛驴集中受孕方法
CN107183013B (zh) * 2017-07-14 2021-01-19 天津农学院 一种驴精液低温保存的方法
CN111772864A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-10-16 山东省畜牧总站(山东省种畜禽质量测定站) 一种提高母驴受胎率的人工授精方法
CN112205353A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-12 内蒙古草原御驴科技牧业有限公司 一种驴的科学繁育与健康养殖方法
CN112155785A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-01 内蒙古草原御驴科技牧业有限公司 一种提高母驴配种成功率的健康养殖方法

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