CN105163404A - Wireless sensor network node - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network node Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105163404A CN105163404A CN201510546713.2A CN201510546713A CN105163404A CN 105163404 A CN105163404 A CN 105163404A CN 201510546713 A CN201510546713 A CN 201510546713A CN 105163404 A CN105163404 A CN 105163404A
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- module
- low
- wireless sensor
- sensor network
- network node
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention provides a wireless sensor network node. A low-power chip MSP430 is used as a central processing unit module, the low-power chip MSP430 can work in an ultra-low power state under low voltage and has a five-stage energy saving mechanism, and total power consumption is reduced through closing temporarily idle function units in the MSP430; a low-power chip CC2420 is used as a wireless transmitting-receiving module, the low-power chip CC2420 has steady performance and low power consumption, and energy efficiency can be optimized through increasing directivity gain of an antenna and reducing power of each transmission. By selection of the two chips above, the aim of solving high power consumption of the existing wireless sensor network node is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless sensor network field, particularly relate to wireless sensor network node.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network refers to and obtains system by being distributed in a kind of novel information that wireless sensor node abundant in specific region forms.Each sensor node is equipped with one or more transducers, such as temperature sensor, humidity sensor, sound inductor, optical sensor, infrared inductor, magnetic inductor, shock sensor etc., and has certain calculation processing power.
Wireless sensor network is little by a large amount of volume, and cost is low, and the sensor node with abilities such as radio communication, environmentally sensitive, data processings forms.In wireless sensor network, the function of each sensor node is identical.Great deal of nodes is disposed in whole observation area, and each node sends detected useful information to user after preliminary data processing and information fusion.The process that data transmit sends back base station by the mode of adjacent node refile, and then send end user to by the mode that base station connects with satellite channel or cable network.The existing node being applied to wireless sensor network is in application process, and be no matter module composition or communication all exists the high problem of power loss mutually, this must affect operating time, wireless transmission quality is poor, even causes shortening network life.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides wireless sensor network node, solve the problem that existing wireless sensor network node power consumption is high.
The present invention solves the problem by the following technical programs:
Wireless sensor network node, forms primarily of CPU module, detection module, radio receiving transmitting module and energy management module; The output of described detection module is connected with CPU module; Described radio receiving transmitting module is connected with CPU module; The output of described energy management module is connected with CPU module; The input of described CPU module also optional equipment each with outside is connected, and described CPU module also has external energy generator to be connected.
In such scheme, comprise memory module further; Described memory module is connected with CPU module.
In such scheme, described CPU module is MSP430.
In such scheme, described radio receiving transmitting module is CC2420.
In such scheme, described detection module is made up of sense signals module and signal transacting submodule; The output of described sense signals module is connected with CPU module through signal transacting submodule.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are: CPU module adopts low-power chip MSP430, can with super low-power consumption operation under low voltage voltage, there is Pyatyi power-saving mechanism, reducing total power consumption by arranging the inner temporary transient idle functional unit closedown of a MSP430; Radio receiving transmitting module adopts low-power chip CC2420, stable performance, power consumption is extremely low, and the power by the directive gain each transmission of reduction that increase antenna optimizes efficiency, is reached solve the high object of existing wireless sensor network node power consumption by the selection of above-mentioned two chips.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of wireless sensor network node.
Embodiment
Wireless sensor network node, is made up of CPU module, detection module, radio receiving transmitting module, memory module and energy management module; Wherein, the output of detection module is connected with CPU module; Radio receiving transmitting module is connected with CPU module; Memory module is connected with CPU module; The output of energy management module is connected with CPU module; The input of CPU module also optional equipment each with outside is connected, and CPU module also has external energy generator to be connected.
Detection module completes the functional module that external signal gathers, and detection module is made up of sensor circuit submodule and signal processing circuit submodule, and the output of sense signals module is connected with CPU module through signal transacting submodule.Sensor circuit submodule is responsible for gathering the information such as outside temperature, luminosity and magnetic field, send into corresponding signal processing circuit submodule respectively, the latter completes and above-mentioned physical quantity is transferred to the system easy to handle signal of telecommunication, Shape correction is carried out again by integration, amplification, through A/D converter program numbers signal, finally send information to CPU module.Detection module is reserved corresponding expansion interface also, is convenient to expand more multisensor.The power supply circuits design of probe power is concerning extremely important the energy ezpenditure of sensor assembly, for the transducer of small area analysis work, can by the I/O mouth Direct driver of CPU module, when without this transducer, I/O mouth is set to input mode, such external sensor does not have energy to input, and does not just have energy ezpenditure yet.For the sensor assembly of big current work, I/0 mouth can not Direct driver transducer, usually uses field effect transistor to control the input of late-class circuit energy.When there being multiple great current sensor to access, integrated analog switch chip is usually used to realize Energy control.
Radio receiving transmitting module adopts CC2420, CC2420 to be operated in 2.4GHz mono-ISM band, has that very high integrated level, performance are outstanding, low in energy consumption, interface circuit expansion is abundant.The compatible 2.4GHzIEEE802.15.4 of CC2420 transceiving chip, can be applied in ZigBee product fast.It is high that CC2420 has integrated level, low, the low in energy consumption and sensitivity advantages of higher of operating voltage.Adopt direct sequence spread spectrum mode, anti-noise jamming ability is strong; The process of media access control sublayer support information bag, data buffer storage, burst transfer, Address Recognition, channel energy detection, link-quality instruction and the function such as clear channel assessment (CCA), thus master controller burden can be alleviated, can with the controller of low cost with the use of.The selectivity of CC2420 and sensitivity indices have all exceeded the requirement of the skilful .4 standard of IEEE802., can guarantee the validity and reliability of short haul connection.Utilize the maximum data transfer rate of the Wireless Telecom Equipment support of this chip development to reach 250kbps, multi-multipoint quickly networking can be realized.
Memory module is spread F lash memory M25PSO, and for external data storage, capacity is IMB.Chip internal is divided into 16 sections, and every section is 64kB, is divided into 4096 pages, every page of 256B, and every page can both be independently programmed; But, (64kB) or monoblock erasing (lMB) must be wiped by section.M25P80 and CC2420 radio transmitting and receiving chip shares spi bus circuit in design.Therefore, want SC when read/write Flash, avoiding communicates with CC2420 clashes.We need the spi bus for MCU to design a software arbitral agreement to avoid the generation of this situation.
Energy management module, power supply of the present invention source can by 2 approach: powered battery or USB power.When node city USB interface carry out driving write or carry out data communication with main frame time, it can obtain energy from main frame.The voltage that standard usb bus provides is 5V, and available maximum current is 500mA, can meet the normal requirements of one's work of each chip of the present invention completely.Because chip needs 3.3V voltage, need to carry out DC decompression conversion.Adopt modular power management chip TC55RP33.This chip can be that 3.3V exports the 5V voltage transitions of input, and quiescent current consumption is low, and voltage converting accuracy is high, stable, and the maximum output current that 25OmA can be provided.Node also can be powered from battery by 2 joints.Under AA battery can be operated in the DC state of 2.IV to 3.6V.But when needing to rewrite CPU module inside Flash or outside Flash, voltage must higher than 2.7V.CPU module has cell voltage function for monitoring, can according to the operating state of the change knot modification of residual voltage.When node is in battery-powered state, utilize a Schottky diode, intercept the current path between battery and USB main control chip, prevent electric current from pouring in down a chimney, reduce power consumption.
External energy generator is the guarantee of the normal work well of node for powering for whole wireless sensor network node.Owing to being wireless network, so common industrial electric energy cannot be adopted, the energy that oneself stored can only be used or naturally to give.Therefore, adopt any energy, take which type of supply power mode to seem particularly important, the relation of energy resource consumption and network operational reliability in this module, must be resolved.Battery variety is a lot, and the factors such as the diffusion velocity of battery energy storage size and shape, movable ion, the selection of electrode material are relevant.The battery of wireless sensor network node is generally not easily changed, so select battery extremely important, the efficiency of DC/DC module is also most important; In addition, the natural energy can also be utilized to carry out the energy of supplementary battery.Wireless sensor network node general work out of doors, can utilize natural energy resources to carry out the energy of supply battery.The available energy of nature has solar energy, electromagnetic energy, vibrational energy, nuclear energy etc.Number of times due to rechargeable battery is limited, and most of rechargeable battery has memory effect, therefore utilizes natural energy frequently to battery charging, otherwise can not greatly can shorten the useful life of battery.
CPU module is the current drain that MSP430, MSP430MCU series provides industry lower, and operating voltage is 1.8V, and current drain when real-time clock is standby is only 1.1pA, and current drain during operational mode is more low to moderate 300pA.ToleS node and ZebraNet node are exactly the microcontroller adopting MSP43O series, and power consumption is very low.Series MCU+CC2420 radio receiving transmitting module, as basic chip configuration, uses two joint AA batteries to provide the energy, then other attached functional modules, realizes the function of whole sensor node.MSP430 Series MCU integrated level is high, and chip size is 10mmxIOInln only, and 1/0 mouthful expansion is abundant and power consumption is extremely low; CC2420 is operated in 2.4GHz mono-ISM band, also has very high integrated level, closes the application demand in radio node.This microcontroller power supply adopts the low-voltage of 1.8V mono-3.6V, and under the very suitable data hold mode of RAM, power consumption is only 0.1 microampere, can at lower voltages with super low-power consumption operation.Leakage current under MsP430 series power-down state only has 0.1pA, and under holding state, current sinking is only 0.8pA, and under normal operating conditions, every MIPS only consumes 250 " A electric current, the fastest wakeup time can lower than 1ps.This type processor has 5 grades of power-saving mechanisms with this to reduce total power consumption, shows the advantage of its low-power consumption further.The framework of MSP430 Series MCU is optimized especially for performing C code efficiently, and it adopts advanced linear memory addressing method, is built-in with jumbo flash memory and RAM, adopts orthogonal instruction collection, and does not have accumulator bottleneck problem during process.The hardware supports that this Series MCU is powerful can meet complicated wireless network protocol or the requirement of Zigbee protocol completely.The flash storage of integrated chip can support online programming and emulation, and has peripheral hardware in stronger disposal ability and abundant sheet.MSP430 Series MCU is integrated with complete signal chains circuit, comprises 10-16 bit strip buffering ADC, 12 DAC, DMA, multiplier, comparator, timer, UART/IrDA/LIN interface, IZC and SPI serial line interface, USI (USB (universal serial bus)), lcd driver etc.Wherein, integrated 12bit analog/digital converter (ADC12), with built-in reference voltage and temperature sensor, so just can connect various transducer very easily.
Claims (5)
1. wireless sensor network node, is characterized in that:
Form primarily of CPU module, detection module, radio receiving transmitting module and energy management module;
The output of described detection module is connected with CPU module; Described radio receiving transmitting module is connected with CPU module; The output of described energy management module is connected with CPU module; The input of described CPU module also optional equipment each with outside is connected, and described CPU module also has external energy generator to be connected.
2. wireless sensor network node according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise memory module further; Described memory module is connected with CPU module.
3. wireless sensor network node according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described CPU module is MSP430.
4. wireless sensor network node according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described radio receiving transmitting module is CC2420.
5. wireless sensor network node according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described detection module is made up of sense signals module and signal transacting submodule; The output of described sense signals module is connected with CPU module through signal transacting submodule.
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| CN201510546713.2A CN105163404A (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-08-31 | Wireless sensor network node |
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| CN201510546713.2A CN105163404A (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2015-08-31 | Wireless sensor network node |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105656167A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-08 | 苏州大学 | Passive wireless sensor node power supply circuit based on vibration energy harvesters |
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| CN102068808A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-25 | 杨奎武 | Wireless sensor network-based automatic scoring system for billiards |
| CN102448090A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-05-09 | 李冬来 | Parameter monitoring device |
| CN103024881A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Node for wireless sensor network |
| WO2014182034A1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-11-13 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | Time synchronization method for high energy efficiency in wireless network and network applying same |
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- 2015-08-31 CN CN201510546713.2A patent/CN105163404A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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| CN102068808A (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-25 | 杨奎武 | Wireless sensor network-based automatic scoring system for billiards |
| CN101789167A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-07-28 | 广东工业大学 | Wireless sensor network system and method for monitoring farmland pollution areas |
| CN101881762A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | Large-range carbon dioxide monitoring system based on wireless sensor network |
| CN102448090A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-05-09 | 李冬来 | Parameter monitoring device |
| CN103024881A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Node for wireless sensor network |
| WO2014182034A1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-11-13 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | Time synchronization method for high energy efficiency in wireless network and network applying same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105656167A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-08 | 苏州大学 | Passive wireless sensor node power supply circuit based on vibration energy harvesters |
| CN105656167B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2019-02-19 | 苏州大学 | Passive wireless sensor node power circuit based on vibration energy collector |
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Application publication date: 20151216 |
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