CN105162538A - Cognitive user selection method based on optimal performance - Google Patents

Cognitive user selection method based on optimal performance Download PDF

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CN105162538A
CN105162538A CN201510464053.3A CN201510464053A CN105162538A CN 105162538 A CN105162538 A CN 105162538A CN 201510464053 A CN201510464053 A CN 201510464053A CN 105162538 A CN105162538 A CN 105162538A
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user
cognitive
authorized user
authorized
cognitive user
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卢为党
皇甫增迪
何娣
华惊宇
徐志江
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Abstract

Provided is a cognitive user selection method based on optimal performance. According to the method, if cognitive users can help an authorized user to reach a target rate, a chance for accessing the spectrum of the authorized user may be obtained; and a cognitive system selects one cognitive user capable of obtaining the optimal performance to access the spectrum of the authorized user. After accessing the spectrum of the authorized user, the cognitive user uses a portion of the bandwidth to forward the information of the authorized user so as to help the authorized user to reach the target rate, and then uses the rest of the bandwidth to send the information of the cognitive user. By adopting the method of the invention, mutual interference between the authorized user and the cognitive user can be effectively eliminated, and the performance of cognitive users can be improved.

Description

Cognitive user selection method based on optimal performance
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cognitive radio communication in the field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a cognitive user selection method.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, wireless communication users are increasing, service requirements are rapidly increasing, and limited wireless spectrum resources gradually become bottlenecks that restrict the development of wireless communication systems. A large number of research reports indicate that the utilization rate of the current wireless spectrum is only 15% -85%, most of the spectrum is not fully utilized at most, the use conditions of the spectrum are quite unbalanced, some unauthorized frequency bands occupy too much crowdedly, and some authorized frequency bands are often in an idle state. It is seen that the main reasons for the shortage of spectrum resources are the existing fixed spectrum management method and spectrum allocation strategy. The cognitive radio technology can access the authorized spectrum opportunistically by sensing the surrounding wireless communication environment on the premise of ensuring that the normal communication of the authorized user is not influenced, and the utilization rate of spectrum resources can be effectively improved.
In the cognitive radio coexistence type spectrum access method, a cognitive user accesses an authorized spectrum under a certain condition and uses the same frequency band with the authorized user. Therefore, in the spectrum access method, the interference always exists between the cognitive user and the authorized user, so that originally very limited spectrum resources are not fully utilized, and the performances of the authorized user and the cognitive user are influenced by the interference. When a plurality of cognitive users exist in the cognitive system, the performance obtained by selecting different cognitive users to access the frequency spectrum of the authorized user is different.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of mutual interference between authorized users and cognitive users and low performance of the cognitive users in the existing coexisting spectrum access technology, the invention provides the cognitive user selection method based on the optimal performance, which can effectively eliminate the problem of mutual interference between the authorized users and the cognitive users and improve the performance of the cognitive users.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a cognitive user selection method based on optimal performance is disclosed, wherein a radio communication system comprises a main system and a cognitive system, wherein an authorization system comprises an authorized user sending end and an authorized user receiving end, the authorization system supports a relay function and has an authorization spectrum consisting of a section of W bandwidth; the cognitive system consists of L cognitive user transmitting terminals and a common cognitive user receiving terminal, and tries to access the frequency spectrum of the authorization system by using possible transmission opportunities. We assume that the cognitive system is able to model the radio protocols and system parameters of the authorization system; the cooperative anti-interference spectrum access method comprises the following processes:
1) the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the authorized user in a cooperative mode, and after receiving the information of the authorized user, the cognitive user helps to send the information of the authorized user to an authorized user receiving end in a decoding and forwarding cooperative mode;
2) per cognitive user STkCalculating the rate R which can help the authorized user to reach after accessing the authorized user frequency spectrump,k
3) Finding all the users capable of helping the authorized user to reach the target rate RtCognitive user STkSet of M, M { [ k | k ∈ L, R >p,k≥Rt};
4) Selecting a cognitive user ST in a set MbAuthorizationThe user distributes a part of time to the cognitive user and authorizes the cognitive user to access the own frequency spectrum, STbAfter accessing the frequency spectrum of the authorized user, forwarding the information of the authorized user by using a part of bandwidth to help the authorized user to reach the target rate, and sending the information of the authorized user by using the rest bandwidth; if M is an empty set, namely | M | ═ 0, which indicates that no cognitive user can help the authorized user to reach the target rate, the authorized user continues to send own information through direct transmission;
the problem of time and bandwidth allocation between authorized and cognitive users is modeled as:
satisfies the following conditions
Wherein R istTarget rate, t, representing authorized userkIndicating the time taken by an authorized user to send his information in the first time slot, bkRepresentation of cognitive users STkAnd in the second time slot, the bandwidth used by the authorized user to reach the target rate is assisted. Rp,kAnd Rs,kRespectively representing cognitive users STkAfter accessing the spectrum of the authorized user, the rate obtained by the authorized user and the cognitive user,
Rs,k=(1-tk)(1-bk)R4,k(4)
whereinPs,kTo representCognitive user STkOf the transmitted power, gamma4,kIndicating the channel gain, N, of the link from the cognitive user transmitter to the cognitive user receiver0The power spectral density of the noise is represented,andrespectively representing the rates obtained by the authorized user in the first and second time slots:
wherein PpIndicating the transmission power, gamma, of an authorized user1And gamma2,kST respectively representing an authorized user transmitting end to an authorized user receiving end and a cognitive user transmitting endkChannel gain of the link, gamma3,kRepresentation cognitive user transmitting terminal STkChannel gain to the authorized user receiving end link;
obtaining the optimal time through a mathematical optimization methodAnd bandwidth allocation
Substituting (7) and (8) into (4) to obtain the rate of recognizing the user as
Wherein A ═ R2,k-Rt),B=(R5,k-Rd),C=(R2,k+R3,k-R5,k),D=(R2,k-Rd)。
Further, in the step 1), the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the authorized user through a two-time slot decoding and forwarding cooperation mode;
in the first time slot, the time t is occupiedk(0<tk< 1), the authorized user transmitting end transmits information to the authorized receiving end and the cognitive user transmitting end by using all W bandwidth, so the link rate from the authorized user transmitting end to the cognitive user transmitting end is as follows:
in the second time slot, the occupied time (1-t)k) Cognitive user transmitting terminal bkW(0<bk< 1) the bandwidth helps to send the decoded information from the sender of the authorized user to the authorized receiver, so the rate of the link from the sender of the cognitive user to the authorized receiver is:
so the rate obtained by the authorized user with the help of the cognitive user through two time slots is:
meanwhile, the cognitive user sends own information by using the residual (1-b) W bandwidth, so that the cognitive user obtains the following rate:
Rs,k=(1-tk)(1-bk)R4,k(4)。
further, in the step 4), the user ST is recognizedkThe selection is performed by the following method: selecting the frequency spectrum of the cognitive user accessing the authorized user, namely selecting the cognitive user STkM={k|k∈L,Rp,k[i]≥RtAnd accessing the spectrum of the authorized user.
The technical conception of the invention is as follows: in the coexisting spectrum access method, the cognitive user and the authorized user use the same spectrum to communicate simultaneously, and interference always exists between the cognitive user and the authorized user, so that originally very limited spectrum resources cannot be fully utilized, and the performances of the authorized user and the cognitive user are also influenced by the interference. When a plurality of cognitive users exist in the cognitive system, the performance obtained by selecting different cognitive users to access the frequency spectrum of the authorized user is different. According to the method, the system selects the cognitive user to access the frequency spectrum of the authorized user in a cooperative mode based on a performance optimization mode, the authorized user and the cognitive user send information respectively through different time and bandwidth, the problem of interference between the authorized user and the cognitive user can be effectively solved, and the performance of the cognitive user is improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the interference problem of authorized users and cognitive users in the coexisting spectrum access method is solved; (2) the performance of recognizing the user is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anti-interference spectrum access model of the method of the present invention, wherein h1Channel coefficient from the transmitting end to the receiving end of the authorized user, h2,kSending end ST for authorized user to cognitive userkChannel coefficient of (d), h3,kSending an ST to a cognitive userkChannel coefficient to authorized receiver, h4,kSending an ST to a cognitive userkChannel coefficients to the cognitive receiving end. Let us say that the path loss exponent v is 4, L is 20, W is 1, Pp/N0=5dB,Rt=2.5bps/Hz,Ps,k/N0=Ps/N0
FIG. 2 is a cognitive user selection diagram in which PT and PR are located at points (0,0) and (1,0) on the two-dimensional X-Y axis, respectively. SR at (0.5, -0.5), cognitive user STkAnd k ∈ L ═ {1,2, 3., L } is randomly distributed in a circle with the midpoint of the connecting line of the PT and the PR as the center and 0.5 as the radius. ST (ST)bThe cognitive users selected by the method of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows authorized user and cognitive system rates with Ps/N0A variation graph of (2);
FIG. 4 shows time and bandwidth allocation with Ps/N0A variation diagram of (2).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a cognitive user selection method based on performance optimization is implemented based on an existing radio communication system.The radio communication system comprises a main system and a cognitive system, wherein the main system consists of an authorized user sending end (PT) and an authorized user receiving end (PR). The main system supports the relay function and has a licensed spectrum consisting of a section of W bandwidth. The cognitive user system is composed of L cognitive user Sending Terminals (ST)kAnd k ∈ L ═ {1,2, 3.., L }) and a common cognitive user receiving end (SR). The cognitive system is able to model radio protocols and system parameters in the host system.
In the method of the embodiment, the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the authorized user in a cooperative mode. After receiving the information of the authorized user, the cognitive user helps to send the information of the authorized user to the authorization receiving end in a decoding and forwarding cooperation mode. Per cognitive user STkCalculating the rate R which can help the authorized user to reach after accessing the authorized user frequency spectrump,k. Finding all the users capable of helping the authorized user to reach the target rate RtCognitive user STkSet of M, M { [ k | k ∈ L, R >p,k≥Rt}. Selecting a cognitive user ST in a set MbThe authorized user allocates a part of the time to the cognitive user and is authorized to access the frequency spectrum of the authorized user, STbAfter accessing the frequency spectrum of the authorized user, forwarding the information of the authorized user by using a part of bandwidth to help the authorized user to reach the target rate, and sending the information of the authorized user by using the rest bandwidth; if M is an empty set, namely | M | ═ 0, which indicates that no cognitive user can help the authorized user to reach the target rate, the authorized user continues to send own information through direct transmission;
in the present embodiment, the cognitive user STkAuthorized user R after accessing authorized user frequency spectrump,kAnd rate R achieved by cognitive userss,kCan be obtained by the following method:
the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the authorized user in a two-time slot decoding and forwarding cooperation mode. In the first time slot, the time t is occupiedkPT using full W bandwidthSending information to PR and STk. Therefore PT → STkThe rate of the link can be expressed as:
wherein,Ppindicating the transmission power, gamma, of an authorized user2,kIs PT to STkChannel gain of link, N0Is the noise power spectral density.
In the second time slot, the occupied time (1-t)k),STkBy bkW Bandwidth helps send decoded PT information to PR, so STkThe rate of the → PR link can be expressed as:
wherein,Ps,krepresenting cognitive users STkOf the transmitted power, gamma1Channel gain, γ, for PT to PR link3,kIs STkChannel gain to the PR link. The rate that an authorized user gets with the help of a cognitive user through two slots can be expressed as:
at the same time, the cognitive user utilizes the remaining (1-b)k) W bandwidth is used to send own information, so the rate available to the cognitive user can be expressed as:
Rs,k=(1-tk)(1-bk)R4,k(4)
wherein,γ4,kis STkChannel gain to the SR link.
The time and bandwidth allocation method in this embodiment specifically includes:
the time and bandwidth allocation between authorized and cognitive users can be modeled as:
satisfies the conditions
Obtaining the optimal time through a mathematical optimization methodAnd bandwidth allocation
Will be provided withAndthe maximum rate that can be achieved by the cognitive system, substituting equation (4), is:
wherein A ═ R2,k-Rt),B=(R5,k-Rd),C=(R2,k+R3,k-R5,k),D=(R2,k-Rd)。
The cooperative anti-interference spectrum access method based on time and bandwidth joint optimization can effectively eliminate the interference problem of authorized users and cognitive users in the coexisting spectrum access method and improve the performance of the cognitive users.
In the spectrum access method of the embodiment, in the cognitive user STkSelect a cognitive user STbAnd accessing the authorized spectrum. The cognitive users selected using the method of the present invention are shown in fig. 2.
In the spectrum access method, the cognitive user ST selectively accessing the authorized spectrumbAccessing the frequency spectrum of authorized users in a cooperative mode, and occupying time (1-t)b) B obtained by using a part of accessbW Bandwidth helps to forward information of authorized users, utilizing the remainder (1-b)b) The W bandwidth transmits its own information. The authorized user and the cognitive user respectively send information through different time and bandwidth, and interference between the authorized user and the cognitive user is avoided. In fig. 3, a cognitive user ST for selecting access authorized spectrum by a system is shownbPost-authorized user and cognitive system rates with Ps/N0A variation graph of (2); in fig. 4, a cognitive user ST for system selective access to licensed spectrum is shownbWith time and bandwidth allocation of Ps/N0A variation diagram of (2).

Claims (3)

1. A cognitive user selection method based on optimal performance is disclosed, wherein a radio communication system comprises a main system and a cognitive system, wherein an authorization system comprises an authorized user sending end and an authorized user receiving end, the authorization system supports a relay function and has an authorization spectrum consisting of a section of W bandwidth; the cognitive system consists of L cognitive user transmitting terminals and a common cognitive user receiving terminal, and tries to access the frequency spectrum of the authorization system by using possible transmission opportunities. We assume that the cognitive system is able to model the radio protocols and system parameters of the authorization system; the cooperative anti-interference spectrum access method comprises the following processes:
1) the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the authorized user in a cooperative mode, and after receiving the information of the authorized user, the cognitive user helps to send the information of the authorized user to an authorized user receiving end in a decoding and forwarding cooperative mode;
2) per cognitive user STkCalculating the rate R which can help the authorized user to reach after accessing the authorized user frequency spectrump,k
3) Finding all the users capable of helping the authorized user to reach the target rate RtCognitive user STkSet of M, M { [ k | k ∈ L, R >p,k≥Rt};
4) Selecting a cognitive user ST in a set MbThe authorized user allocates a part of the time to the cognitive user and is authorized to access the frequency spectrum of the authorized user, STbAfter accessing the frequency spectrum of the authorized user, forwarding the information of the authorized user by using a part of bandwidth to help the authorized user to reach the target rate, and sending the information of the authorized user by using the rest bandwidth; if M is an empty set, namely | M | ═ 0, which indicates that no cognitive user can help the authorized user to reach the target rate, the authorized user continues to send own information through direct transmission;
the problem of time and bandwidth allocation between authorized and cognitive users is modeled as:
satisfies the following conditions
Wherein R istTarget rate, t, representing authorized userkIndicating the time taken by an authorized user to send his information in the first time slot, bkRepresentation of cognitive users STkAnd in the second time slot, the bandwidth used by the authorized user to reach the target rate is assisted. Rp,kAnd Rs,kRespectively representing cognitive users STkAfter accessing the spectrum of the authorized user, the rate obtained by the authorized user and the cognitive user,
Rs,k=(1-tk)(1-bk)R4,k(4)
whereinPs,kRepresenting cognitive users STkOf the transmitted power, gamma4,kIndicating the channel gain, N, of the link from the cognitive user transmitter to the cognitive user receiver0The power spectral density of the noise is represented,andrespectively representing the rates obtained by the authorized user in the first and second time slots:
wherein PpIndicating the transmission power, gamma, of an authorized user1And gamma2,kST respectively representing an authorized user transmitting end to an authorized user receiving end and a cognitive user transmitting endkChannel gain of the link, gamma3,kRepresentation cognitive user transmitting terminal STkChannel gain to the authorized user receiving end link;
obtaining the optimal time through a mathematical optimization methodAnd bandwidth allocation
Substituting (7) and (8) into (4) to obtain the rate of recognizing the user as
Wherein A ═ R2,k-Rt),B=(R5,k-Rd),C=(R2,k+R3,k-R5,k),D=(R2,k-Rd)。
2. The performance-optimization-based cognitive user selection method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the cognitive user accesses the frequency spectrum of the authorized user in a decoding and forwarding cooperation mode through two time slots;
in the first time slot, the time t is occupiedk,0<tkLess than 1, the transmitting end of the authorized user transmits information to the authorized receiver by using the whole W bandwidthThe method comprises an end and a cognitive user sending end, so that the link rate from the authorized user sending end to the cognitive user sending end is as follows:
in the second time slot, the occupied time (1-t)k) Cognitive user transmitting terminal bkW bandwidth helps to send decoded information of authorized user sending end to authorized receiving end, and b is more than 0kLess than 1, so the rate of the link from the transmitting end of the cognitive user to the authorized receiving end is as follows:
so the rate obtained by the authorized user with the help of the cognitive user through two time slots is:
meanwhile, the cognitive user sends own information by using the residual (1-b) W bandwidth, so that the cognitive user obtains the following rate:
Rs,k=(1-tk)(1-bk)R4,k(4)。
3. a performance-optimized cognitive user selection method as in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step 4), the cognitive user STbThe selection is performed by the following method: selecting the frequency spectrum of the cognitive user accessing the authorized user, namely selecting the cognitive user STkM={k|k∈L,Rp,k[i]≥RtAnd accessing the spectrum of the authorized user.
CN201510464053.3A 2015-07-31 2015-07-31 Cognitive user selection method based on optimal performance Pending CN105162538A (en)

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CN106131857A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-11-16 浙江工业大学 A kind of bandwidth based on contract and power joint optimize collaboration frequency spectrum sharing method
CN107707290A (en) * 2017-10-11 2018-02-16 中山大学新华学院 Based on two-channel trunking method

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