CN105161985A - Supercapacitor cabinet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a supercapacitor cabinet, which is characterized in that a supercapacitor layer is internally provided with a plurality of installation strip frames so as to separate the supercapacitor layer into multiple capacitor layers, each capacitor layer is provided with two supercapacitor modules at the side which is away from a first cabinet door, and the side, which is close to the first cabinet door, of each capacitor layer is provided with a capacitor voltage sharing sub-module matched with the supercapacitor modules; each supercapacitor module is formed by connecting a plurality of supercapacitors in parallel, and the supercapacitor modules are mutually connected in series; a switching device layer is provided with a circuit isolation switch, a circuit contactor, a precharge contactor, a discharge contactor and a capacitor voltage sharing mainboard at the side close to a second cabinet door, and the side, which is away from the second cabinet door, of the switching device layer is provided with a discharge resistor of the supercapacitors. The supercapacitor cabinet provided by the invention is compact in structure, small in size and low in cost, can be installed on a light rail vehicle, and can provide electric drive for a locomotive when the light rail vehicle passes by an area without an overhead contact system by using charging and discharging functions of the supercapacitors, thereby ensuring smooth running of the vehicle in an area without electricity.

Description

A kind of super capacitor cabinet

Technical field

The present invention relates to super capacitor energy storage device technical field, particularly relate to a kind of super capacitor cabinet.

Background technology

Subway super capacitor energy storage device is the ground independent electrical equipment being placed in platform, for recycling metro braking energy, and the voltage ripple of power network that when effective suppression is braked owing to rising, electrical network momentary high power causes.In selection super capacitor power, the variation relation of power when needing to consider that energy-storage system and train normally run.The underground railway track traffic in city is stood very short with the spacing of standing usually, and at about 1km, traction braking power is the needle pattern altered a great deal in short-term, and this requires that energy storage device has larger power density; Long playing train needs to start frequently and brake, equispaced about 2min, therefore energy storage device also need frequently energy storage and release can state between switch, the load cycle of annual 100000-30 ten thousand times must be adapted to; Meanwhile, train traction/braking time is very short, and usually between 20s-30s, the energy flow that emission and absorption is huge rapidly at short notice, energy storage device needs to have charging and discharging capabilities fast.Because super capacitor meets above-mentioned required condition most, super capacitor is therefore selected to do energy storage device the most suitable.But the power of super capacitor and train braking traction power coupling just can reach desirable energy regeneration.

For super capacitor energy storage device, select low-voltage (relative DC bus) mode of operation more satisfactory.Capacitances in series monomer number can be reduced, reduce difficulty and the cost of the Pressure and Control of super capacitor group, and easier configuration is optimized to super capacitor group.

During initial brake, the power of feedback and electric current are very large, again because super capacitor group voltage power supply is in larger excursion volume.Such as, 1500V DC power-supply system, when brake squeal power is 6800kW, when super capacitor group voltage is 680V, absorb braking power completely, electric current is 1 × 106A.The research and development of energy storage device are caused to there is an a lot of difficult problem.The charging and discharging currents of existing super capacitor is not infinitely great, also need more parallel branch to meet big current requirement, for the module storing certain energy and certain depth of discharge, monomer whose number does not change, so add monomer string Combinatorial Optimization difficulty also, regardless of expense is even needed to increase electric capacity monomer number, to meet actual requirement.Super capacitor module quantity is more, is how the technical problem being badly in need of in industry solving by a cabinet body structure in electric car compartment by the integral installation of multiple super capacitor module.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the technical problem existed in background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of super capacitor cabinet, compact conformation, small volume, cost is low, can be arranged on light rail vehicle, utilize super capacitor charging and discharging function can provide driven by power for locomotive at light rail vehicle through contactless web area, ensure the even running of vehicle in non-Electric region.

A kind of super capacitor cabinet that the present invention proposes, comprise cabinet, cabinet comprises three dismountable side plates of upper cover plate, base plate and connection upper cover plate and base plate, super capacitor layer and switching device layer is provided with in cabinet, super capacitor layer is provided with the first cabinet door hinged with cabinet, switching device layer is provided with the second cabinet door hinged with cabinet, and the second cabinet door is provided with the indicator light of display capacitor box state; Switching device layer is positioned at above super capacitor layer;

Be provided with multiple mounting bar frame in super capacitor layer and super capacitor layer is separated into multi-layer capacity layer, every layer capacitance layer is provided with two super-capacitor module away from the first cabinet door side, and capacitor layers is provided with near the first cabinet door side the capacitor voltage equalizing submodule matched with super-capacitor module; Each super-capacitor module is composed in parallel by multiple super capacitor, and super-capacitor module is connected mutually; All press submodule to be made up of EE42 transformer, DSA90C200 Schottky diode and East Asia DY-SU radiator, side is loaded on intermediate hierarchical supporting plate;

Be provided with line disconnecting switch, line contactor, pre-charge contactor, electric discharge contactor, capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard near the second cabinet door side in switching device layer, in switching device layer, be provided with the discharge resistance of super capacitor away from the second cabinet door side; Switching device layer top board is provided with blower fan; By BUCK, half-bridge, MCU, protection, comprehensive and CAN communication forms capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard.

Preferably, the electric voltage equalization between super-capacitor module adopts Buck to add full-bridge two-stage type electric voltage equalization topology, for realizing real-time controlled euqalizing current, providing overcurrent protection, without the need to monitoring super-capacitor module voltage, automatically realizing balancing energy.

Preferably, line disconnecting switch selects model to be the isolating switch of EX9MD2B, and line disconnecting switch is provided with and lengthens rotary handle and cabinet gate interlock, for ensureing that line disconnecting switch is in off-state while enabling.

Preferably, line contactor selects model to be NEVN620025 D.C. contactor.

Preferably, pre-charge contactor selects model to be NEVN61025 D.C. contactor.

Preferably, the width of capacitor voltage equalizing submodule, length, depth ratio are 19:30:30.

Preferably, the width of capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard, length, depth ratio are less than 14:14:3.

In the present invention, be provided with multiple mounting bar frame in super capacitor layer and super capacitor layer is separated into multi-layer capacity layer, every layer capacitance layer is provided with two super-capacitor module away from the first cabinet door side, and capacitor layers is provided with near the first cabinet door side the capacitor voltage equalizing submodule matched with super-capacitor module; Each super-capacitor module is composed in parallel by multiple super capacitor, and super-capacitor module is connected mutually; All press submodule to be made up of EE42 transformer, DSA90C200 Schottky diode and East Asia DY-SU radiator, side is loaded on intermediate hierarchical supporting plate; Be provided with line disconnecting switch, line contactor, pre-charge contactor, electric discharge contactor, capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard near the second cabinet door side in switching device layer, in switching device layer, be provided with the discharge resistance of super capacitor away from the second cabinet door side; Switching device layer top board is provided with blower fan; By BUCK, half-bridge, MCU, protection, comprehensive and CAN communication forms capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard.Compact conformation of the present invention, small volume, cost is low, can be arranged on light rail vehicle, utilizes super capacitor charging and discharging function can provide driven by power for locomotive at light rail vehicle through contactless web area, ensures the even running of vehicle in non-Electric region.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is a kind of super capacitor cabinet schematic diagram that the present invention proposes;

Fig. 2 is a kind of super capacitor cabinet axonometric drawing that the present invention proposes;

Fig. 3 is the capacitor layers structural representation of a kind of super capacitor cabinet that the present invention proposes;

Fig. 4 be a kind of super capacitor cabinet that the present invention proposes super-capacitor module between voltage balance circuit figure;

Fig. 5 is the line disconnecting switch connected mode figure of a kind of super capacitor cabinet that the present invention proposes.

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the present invention proposes a kind of super capacitor cabinet, comprise cabinet 1, cabinet 1 comprises three dismountable side plates of upper cover plate, base plate and connection upper cover plate and base plate, super capacitor layer and switching device layer 2 is provided with in cabinet 1, super capacitor layer is provided with the first cabinet door 8 hinged with cabinet 1, and switching device layer 2 is provided with second cabinet door 9, the second cabinet door 9 hinged with cabinet 1 and is provided with the indicator light 6 showing cabinet state; Switching device layer 2 is positioned at above super capacitor layer;

Be provided with multiple mounting bar frame 4 in super capacitor layer and super capacitor layer is separated into multi-layer capacity layer 3, every layer capacitance layer 3 is provided with two super-capacitor module 5 away from the first cabinet door 8 side, each capacitance module clear height 202mm, after comprising each mounting bar frame, every layer height is not higher than 260mm, height overall is less than 1600mm, and capacitor layers 3 is provided with near the first cabinet door 8 side the capacitor voltage equalizing submodule 10 matched with super-capacitor module 5; Each super-capacitor module 5 is composed in parallel by multiple super capacitor, and super-capacitor module 5 is connected mutually; All press submodule 10 to be made up of EE42 transformer, DSA90C200 Schottky diode and East Asia DY-SU radiator, side is loaded on intermediate hierarchical supporting plate, module size: the dark 120mm of the long 120mm* of wide 76mm*;

Line disconnecting switch, line contactor, pre-charge contactor, electric discharge contactor, capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard is provided with near the second cabinet door 9 side in switching device layer 2, be provided with the discharge resistance of super capacitor in switching device layer 2 away from the second cabinet door 9 side, resistance box is of a size of the dark 170mm of the long 680* of wide 410*; Switching device layer 2 top board is provided with blower fan 7; By BUCK, half-bridge, MCU, protection, comprehensive and CAN communication forms capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard, and capacitor voltage equalizing motherboard size is less than: the dark 75mm of the long 350* of wide 350*.

Line disconnecting switch selects model to be the isolating switch of EX9MD2B, line disconnecting switch is provided with and lengthens rotary handle and cabinet gate interlock, for ensureing that line disconnecting switch is in off-state while enabling, this model line disconnecting switch degree of protection reaches IP40, environment for use temperature is-40 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, and adopt connected mode as shown in Figure 5, ensure that the positive and negative end points of super capacitor all departs from converter, ensure personal safety.

The NEV series D.C. contactor that line contactor, pre-charge contactor all select Nuo Yake company to produce, line contactor model is NEVN620025, and pre-charge contactor model is NEVN61025.This contactor electric life reaches 100,000 times, and operating temperature is-40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, and degree of protection reaches IP54, commutating without arcing, physical isolation, safe and reliable.

Super capacitor capacity selection principle of the present invention:

A. the maximum voltage of bank of super capacitors should a little less than DC bus-bar voltage during zero load, because be operated in Boost operating mode when super capacitor electric discharge, if the brownout of super capacitor, duty-cycle requirement when so controlling for Boost is very high.So in order to leave allowance to two-way DC/DC converter design, the maximum voltage of super capacitor should meet the restriction relation of following formula.

U _scmax≤U _dc

B. the terminal voltage excursion of super capacitor is at 50% ~ 100% of maximum voltage, the energy that namely can store and utilize is gross energy 75%, and this change is also soc (charged state stateofcharge) excursion of super capacitor, namely meet following constraint:

0.5U _scmax≤U _sc≤U _scmax

0.25≤SOC≤1

C. the energy of train electric capacity in regenerative braking time t should meet the constraint of following formula.

$E_{sc}={\∫}_0^i{P}_{sc}dt$

According to above principle, calculate super capacitor capability value:

$C_{sc}=\frac{2E_{scmax}}{U_{scmax}^2-U_{sc\min }^2}$

U _min＝0.5×U _max

Capacitances in series number n and number m in parallel:

$n=\frac{U_{scmax}}{U_{sc\_cell}}$

$m=\frac{n\×C_{sc}}{C_{sc\_cell}}$

According to above principle, the structure of design super capacitor energy storage device and capacity.Within the 20s time of train braking, energy storage device average absorption power is 100kW:

The energy of total absorption is:

$E_{sc}={\∫}_0^t{P}_{sc}dt=100kW\×20s=0.56kW\·h$

Super capacitor energy storage device ceiling voltage:

U _scmax＝550V

Then can draw super capacitor capacitance:

$C_{sc}=\frac{8E_{sc}}{3U_{scmax}^2}=17.63F$

Electric capacity connection in series-parallel number:

$n=\frac{U_{scmax}}{U_{sc\_cell}}=\frac{550V}{2.5V}=220$

$m=\frac{n\×C_{sc}}{C_{sc\_cell}}=\frac{220\×17.63F}{2000F}=2.$

The present invention uses 216 super capacitors, and every 18 super capacitors form a 48V super-capacitor module, and totally 12 48V super-capacitor module series connection form super capacitor module.

Electric voltage equalization between super-capacitor module 5 adopts Buck to add full-bridge two-stage type electric voltage equalization topology, for real-time controlled euqalizing current, providing overcurrent protection, without the need to monitoring super-capacitor module voltage, automatically realizing balancing energy.

As shown in Figure 4, two-stage type voltage balance circuit operation principle: prime Buck circuit can carry out regulation and control to inductive current by regulating duty ratio; It is 0.5 that rear class full-bridge circuit works in duty ratio constant, by transformer secondary rectification, due to primary voltage of transformer connect by secondary the minimum voltage nip of super capacitor group, euqalizing current flows in minimum voltage super-capacitor module, when the super capacitor group voltage of minimum voltage rises to identical with time super capacitor of a minimum voltage, two super capacitor groups divide equally euqalizing current, finally make the super capacitor group voltage of all series connection equal.

Suppose that prime Buck circuit inductance current work is at continuous mode, electric current is IL, then equalizing circuit input current average value is D*IL, D is prime Buck switching tube duty ratio, be k*IL, k is transformer voltage ratio through transformer secondary rectified current.

Suppose that module C1 ~ Cn is because capacitance is different in charging process, and the sections in series module of brownout, owing to there being the existence of equalizing circuit, its charging current changes, its capacitance voltage is made to increase with phase same rate, mi (i=1,2 ... n) euqalizing current ratio shared by each super capacitor group, then:

M _i< 1, and $\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\&Sigma;}}{m}_i=1$

Monomer super capacitor capacitance is 2000F, and all have 18 super capacitor series connection in each 48V super capacitor group, rated capacity is 167F, and capacity decentralization is [-5% ,+20%], and in C1 ~ Cn module, voltage build-up rate is identical:

$\frac{{\mathrm{dU}}_{c\left(i\right)}}{dt}=\frac{I_f-{\mathrm{DI}}_L+m_1{\mathrm{kI}}_L}{C_1}=\mathrm{...}=\frac{I_f-{\mathrm{DI}}_L+m_n{\mathrm{kI}}_L}{C_n}=(I_f-{\mathrm{DI}}_L+{\mathrm{kI}}_L)*\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\&Sigma;}}\frac{1}{C_i}$

In conjunction with m _irelation, can draw:

For electric capacity Cn+1 ~ CN (N=13), the voltage build-up rate of super capacitor group is relevant with the capacitance of self:

$\frac{{\mathrm{dU}}_{c\left(j\right)}}{dt}=\frac{Y}{C_j}(j=n+1,\mathrm{...},N)$

To ask all super-capacitor voltage equal, voltage build-up rate must meet the demands:

$(Y+X)*\frac{1}{N-1}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\&Sigma;}}\frac{1}{C_i}\&GreaterEqual;\frac{Y}{min\left\{C_j\right\}}(j=n+1,\mathrm{...},N;n\&le;N-1)$

Therefore, when inductive current IL meets following equalities, but make all super capacitor group voltage reach balance in charging process, and hypothesis 13 groups of super capacitor capacitance deviations are evenly distributed in [-5% ,+20%] scope:

$I_L\&GreaterEqual;\frac{(C_{eq}/C_{min}-1)}{k+D(C_{eq}/C_{min}-1)}{I}_f$

$C_{eq}=12/\underset{i=1}{\overset{N-1}{\&Sigma;}}\frac{1}{C_i}$

For prime Buck circuit duty ratio D, in order to reduce inductive current ripple, design duty cycle is near D=0.8:

(Ud is transformer secondary diode drop)

Obtain transformer voltage ratio: k=10.1.

Substitute in the formula of inductive current demand fulfillment, obtain:

I _L≥2.27A。

The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a super capacitor cabinet, it is characterized in that, comprise cabinet (1), cabinet (1) comprises three dismountable side plates of upper cover plate, base plate and connection upper cover plate and base plate, super capacitor layer and switching device layer (2) is provided with in cabinet (1), super capacitor layer is provided with the first cabinet door (8) hinged with cabinet (1), switching device layer (2) is provided with the second cabinet door (9) hinged with cabinet (1), and the second cabinet door (9) is provided with the indicator light (6) of display cabinet state; Switching device layer (2) is positioned at above super capacitor layer;

Be provided with multiple mounting bar frame (4) in super capacitor layer and super capacitor layer is separated into multi-layer capacity layer (3), every layer capacitance layer (3) is provided with two super-capacitor module (5) away from the first cabinet door (8) side, and capacitor layers (3) is provided with near the first cabinet door (8) side the capacitor voltage equalizing submodule (10) matched with super-capacitor module (5); Each super-capacitor module (5) is composed in parallel by multiple super capacitor, and super-capacitor module (5) is connected mutually; All press submodule (10) to be made up of EE42 transformer, DSA90C200 Schottky diode and East Asia DY-SU radiator, side is loaded on intermediate hierarchical supporting plate;

Be provided with line disconnecting switch, line contactor, pre-charge contactor, electric discharge contactor, capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard near the second cabinet door (9) side in switching device layer (2), in switching device layer (2), be provided with the discharge resistance of super capacitor away from the second cabinet door (9) side; Switching device layer (2) top board is provided with blower fan (7); By BUCK, half-bridge, MCU, protection, comprehensive and CAN communication forms capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard.

2. super capacitor cabinet according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; electric voltage equalization between super-capacitor module (5) adopts Buck to add full-bridge two-stage type electric voltage equalization topology; for real-time controlled euqalizing current; overcurrent protection is provided; without the need to monitoring super-capacitor module voltage, automatically realize balancing energy.

3. super capacitor cabinet according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, line disconnecting switch selects model to be the isolating switch of EX9MD2B, and line disconnecting switch is provided with and lengthens rotary handle and cabinet gate interlock, for ensureing that line disconnecting switch is in off-state while enabling.

4. the super capacitor cabinet according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, line contactor selects model to be NEVN620025 D.C. contactor.

5. the super capacitor cabinet according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, pre-charge contactor selects model to be NEVN61025 D.C. contactor.

6. the super capacitor cabinet according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, the width of capacitor voltage equalizing submodule, length, depth ratio are 19:30:30.

7. the super capacitor cabinet according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, the width of capacitor voltage equalizing mainboard, length, depth ratio are less than 14:14:3.