CN105158786A - Integrated cold-atom dual-energy-level detection device - Google Patents
Integrated cold-atom dual-energy-level detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105158786A CN105158786A CN201510475780.XA CN201510475780A CN105158786A CN 105158786 A CN105158786 A CN 105158786A CN 201510475780 A CN201510475780 A CN 201510475780A CN 105158786 A CN105158786 A CN 105158786A
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Abstract
The invention provides an integrated cold-atom dual-energy-level detection device. The device is composed of a vacuum detection area, a detection light source assembly, a re-pumping light source assembly and two fluorescence collection assemblies. According to the invention, a laser beam expanding collimation system, a fluorescence collection system and light intensity real-time monitoring are integrated, a customized trapezoid prism is used for controlling the direction of light beams, the integrated cold-atom dual-energy-level detection device realizes miniaturization, high stability and high reliability, and atom dual-energy-level detection is realized on a cold-atom clock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cold atomic clock Laser Detection Technique, particularly a kind of integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device.
Background technology
High-precision cold atomic clock turns to engineer applied gradually from scientific experiment, turns to the scientific experiment research and engineer applied platform development that can carry experiment porch or engineer applied platform, even space microgravity environment from ground experiment room.Such as in the cold atom frequency marking of space, the Frequency Stabilized Lasers of the orthogonal correlation of 6 bundle is utilized to be greater than 10
6the atomicity of magnitude is captured, imprison and be cooled to ultra low temperature (10
-6k magnitude), as the actuating medium of space cold atomic clock, under space microgravity condition, utilize impelling technology at a slow speed, the Ramsey interactional time interval can be extended, utilize cold atom dual intensity class survey technology can obtain the atomic clock Ramsey striped of sub-hertz magnitude, the stability of dual intensity class survey device directly affects the performance of space cold atomic clock.Simultaneously in order to meet rocket launching condition, adapt to space flight rugged surroundings and rigors, heaven equipment needs miniaturization as much as possible, lightness, integrated, also will possess high stability and high reliability.Therefore, cold atom dual intensity class survey device needs to design brand-new through engineering approaches optical-mechanical system.
In the atomic clock operational process taking cold atom as actuating medium, for rubidium atom, rubidium atom is captured rear impelling by laser cooling, after state selection and twice and microwave interactive, is in | F=2, m
f=0> and | F=1, m
fon the coherent superposition state of=0>.Fig. 1 is dual intensity class survey ratio juris schematic diagram, | F=2, m
fthe atom of=0> is by first F
23detection optical standing wave field excitation, transit to | in the excited state of F '=3>, then spontaneous radiation is got back to after going out resonance fluorescence | in F=2> state, resonance fluorescence launches towards periphery at random, to be collected and change into photo-signal through lens imaging by the first photoelectric tube.Cold atom cloud is through a F subsequently
23detection light traveling-wave field, is in | and in F=2> state, atom is all driven away.To only remainingly be in cold atom cloud | F=1, m
fthe atom of=0>, | F=1, m
fthe atom of=0> can not with F
23detection optical standing wave field and F
23detection light traveling-wave field interacts, and enters into F
12behind heaviy pumping optical standing wave field, | F=1, m
fthe atomic transition of=0> arrives | in F=2> state, then enter second F
23detection optical standing wave field, cold atom transits to | and in the excited state of F '=3>, then spontaneous radiation is got back to after going out resonance fluorescence | and F=2> state to be collected by the second photoelectric tube through lens and changes into photo-signal.
Because atom Hyperfine level structure is very responsive to magnetic field, in whole cold atom detection process, need the impact strictly shielding external magnetic field and terrestrial magnetic field.The method of usual employing is with multi-layer shield bucket by coated for whole cold atomic clock physical system system, thus isolated external magnetic field is on the impact of built-in system.Because magnetic shielding material (glass is alloy not) density is comparatively large, take more weight resource when using multi-layer shield, therefore the diameter of magnetic shielding bucket is the smaller the better, which limits the size of sniffer in magnetic shielding bucket.Simultaneously in order to ensure the performance of magnetic shielding, magnetic shielding shell will keep full closeding state as far as possible, on the end cap of magnetic shielding, reserved aperture enables optical fiber enter in magnetic shielding and laser propagation is entered detection system, but it is controlled in order to make from the sharp polarisation of light of fiber exit, need to use single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, swash polarisation of light when laser is propagated in single-mode polarization maintaining fiber and remain unchanged.But the core diameter of single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is in a μm magnitude, the bright dipping of single-mode polarization maintaining fiber is simultaneously dispersed.For the requirement meeting sniffer must carry out beam-expanding collimation to the bright dipping of optical fiber, spot diameter General Requirements after beam-expanding collimation is at about 15mm, therefore the beam-expanding collimation process of the collimation hot spot realized from μm magnitude core diameter to about 15mm is needed, often such laser bundle-enlarging collimation system needs to use multiple lens, the design of multiple lens brings the problem of adjustment difficulty and poor stability, whole system length is generally at about about 70mm, the design of multiple lens also makes this length be difficult to compression further, this requirement contradiction little as far as possible with the diameter of shielding bucket.
The detection efficiency of fluorescence gathering system is the ratio of total fluorescence that the fluorescence detected when ignoring photoelectric tube photoelectric transformation efficiency sends with atomic group.Fluorescence gathering system is in order to improve detection efficiency as far as possible, and the bore of lens or lens combination will be tried one's best greatly, close to lens or lens combination will be tried one's best from cold atom and the interactional region of stationary field.For signal-lens imaging system, consider the receptor area of selected photoelectric tube, if photoelectric tube receptor area than cold atom and the interactional region of stationary field little, then object distance must be greater than the focal length of lens of twice, for meet object distance as far as possible little requirement must use short focus lens, this will bring the problem that difficulty of processing is high and aberration is larger.Improve detection efficiency often just to need to use complicated imaging system, and the imaging system of complexity is often brought lens are many, adjustment difficulty, poor stability and whole imaging system are long problem, the requirement contradiction little as far as possible with the diameter of shielding bucket.
Need generation three stationary fields in whole detection system, a traveling-wave field, laboratory system can adopt the design of beam splitting device and multiple 45 degree of catoptrons usually, can cause the difficulty of Installation and Debugging and the problem of reliability.The adjustment of stationary field simultaneously adopts adjustable catoptron mirror holder usually, but adjustable elastic mechanical structure can bring the defect of reliability and stability aspect, cannot be vibrated by the mechanics of space flight rank, impulse test and hot ring mould test, also just cannot adapt to various rugged surroundings.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned existing cold atom dual intensity class survey system, the invention provides a kind of integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device.This device set laser beam-expanding collimation system, fluorescence gathering system, light intensity Real-Time Monitoring are in one, the direction of Dove prism to light beam of customization is used to control, achieve miniaturization, high stable, highly reliable integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device, the dual intensity class survey of atom can be realized on cold atomic clock.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device, feature is that this device is made up of vacuum detection district, probe source assembly, heaviy pumping light source assembly and two phosphor collection assemblies, described vacuum detection district is the cubical seal cavity that four sides have optical window respectively, four sides are called A face, B face, C face, D face, and the optical window on four sides is called A optical window, B optical window, C optical window, D optical window;
Described probe source assembly becomes " ㄣ " type, probe source assembly installed surface is comprised in the upper left of this probe source assembly, first rectangular aperture, 3rd rectangular aperture, second rectangular aperture and plane mirror, the first described rectangular aperture, 3rd rectangular aperture and the second rectangular aperture be from bottom to top be positioned at conplane three parallel Tong Guangkou, this plane is parallel with described probe source assembly installed surface, first rectangular aperture is installed λ/4 wave plate, described plane mirror is close to the right side of the second rectangular aperture and the 3rd rectangular aperture and parallel with described probe source assembly installed surface, the lower right-most portion of described probe source assembly comprises the first optical fiber base, first plano-concave lens, first aspheric mirror, first polarization beam apparatus and the first light intensity test device, the center of the first described rectangular aperture, the center of the first polarization beam apparatus, the center of the first light intensity test device is positioned on first axle from left to right successively, this first axle is vertical with affiliated probe source assembly installed surface, the first described polarization beam apparatus, first aspheric mirror, first plano-concave lens and the first optical fiber base same optical axis from top to bottom, this optical axis is vertical with described first axle,
Described heaviy pumping light source assembly becomes " h " type, heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface is comprised in the left-half of this probe source assembly, 4th rectangular aperture, 6th rectangular aperture, 5th rectangular aperture and Dove prism, the 4th described rectangular aperture, 6th rectangular aperture and the 5th rectangular aperture be from bottom to top be positioned at conplane three parallel Tong Guangkou, this plane is parallel with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface, 4th rectangular aperture and the 5th rectangular aperture install λ/4 wave plate, described Dove prism is one piece of prism with the upper bottom surface of the central planes such as 45 ° of two reflections and two transmissions, the bottom surface of described Dove prism is close to the 4th described rectangular aperture, the right side of the 6th rectangular aperture and the 5th rectangular aperture is also parallel with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface, the lower right-most portion of described heaviy pumping light source assembly comprises the second optical fiber base, second plano-concave lens, second aspheric mirror, second polarization beam apparatus and the second light intensity test device, the center of the 6th described rectangle opening, the center of the bottom surface of Dove prism and the center of upper bottom surface, the center of the second polarization beam apparatus and the center of the second light intensity test device are positioned on the second axis from left to right successively, this second axis is vertical with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface, the second described polarization beam apparatus, second aspheric mirror, second plano-concave lens and the same optical axis of the second optical fiber base, this optical axis and the second described axes normal,
Two described phosphor collection assemblies have identical structure, lens barrel structure, after circle leads to light opening, plano-convex lens, the 3rd non-spherical lens and photoelectric tube are installed successively, described plano-convex lens and the same optical axis of the 3rd non-spherical lens, the circular logical center of light opening and the center of photoelectric tube are positioned at this optical axis successively, and this optical axis is vertical with the installed surface of phosphor collection assembly;
Described probe source assembly and heaviy pumping light source assembly are arranged on described A face and C face respectively, the A optical window described in first rectangular aperture aligning of described probe source assembly, 4th rectangular aperture of C optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly, the C optical window described in second rectangular aperture aligning of described probe source assembly, 5th rectangular aperture of A optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly, the A optical window described in 3rd rectangular aperture aligning of described probe source assembly, 6th rectangular aperture of C optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly, two described phosphor collection assemblies are arranged on B face and D face respectively, the phosphor collection window of two described phosphor collection assemblies aims at the latter half of described B optical window and the first half of D optical window respectively,
Meet following light path annexation:
Exploring laser light is inputted by the first optical fiber base of described probe source assembly, to the first polarization beam apparatus after the first described plano-concave lens and the first non-spherical lens beam-expanding collimation, described exploring laser light is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by this first polarization beam apparatus, λ/4 wave plate of described reflected light in the first rectangular aperture, A optical window, C optical window, enter described heaviy pumping light source assembly, successively by λ/4 wave plate in the 4th rectangular aperture, Dove prism, λ/4 wave plate after the reflection of this Dove prism in the 5th described rectangular aperture, C optical window, A optical window, enter described probe source assembly again, plane mirror after the second rectangle opening described in vertical incidence, the first polarization beam apparatus is back to along original optical path through this plane mirror 0 ° reflection, the light returned will be divided into reflected light and transmitted light, transmitted light arrives the first light intensity test device, between first rectangular aperture and the 4th rectangular aperture of described heaviy pumping light source assembly of described probe source assembly, form first detect optical standing wave field, between second rectangular aperture and the 5th rectangular aperture of described heaviy pumping light source assembly of described probe source assembly, form second detect optical standing wave field, the 5th rectangular aperture lower edge is utilized to block a part of exploring laser light, this part exploring laser light cannot arrive plane mirror, thus detection light traveling-wave field is formed above first detection optical standing wave field,
Heaviy pumping laser is inputted by the second optical fiber base of described heaviy pumping light source assembly, to the second polarization beam apparatus after the second plano-concave lens and the second non-spherical lens beam-expanding collimation, described heaviy pumping laser is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by this second polarization beam apparatus, described reflected light is through Dove prism, 6th rectangle opening, C optical window, A optical window, enter described probe source assembly, by the 3rd rectangle opening, vertical incidence plane mirror, through this plane mirror 0 ° reflection, heaviy pumping laser is back to the second polarization beam apparatus along above-mentioned path Yuan Lu, the light returned will be divided into reflected light and transmitted light, transmitted light arrives light intensity test device, heaviy pumping laser forms a heaviy pumping laser standing wave field between the 3rd rectangular aperture and the 6th rectangular aperture of described heaviy pumping light source assembly of described probe source assembly,
Cold atom by the fluorescence that produces during exploring laser light stationary field to surrounding radiation, part fluorescence leads to light opening by the circle on optical window and described phosphor collection assembly, and the optical system formed through described plano-convex lens and the 3rd non-spherical lens is detected by described photoelectric tube.
Technique effect of the present invention is:
1) laser bundle-enlarging collimation system described in is made up of plano-concave lens and aspheric mirror, the beam-expanding collimation of the collimation hot spot from μm magnitude core diameter to 15mm can be realized, the length of whole beam-expanding collimation system is 33.6mm, experiment shows, this structure can meet the requirement of miniaturization, has the advantages that constructional simplicity can be stable;
2) fluorescence gathering system described in is made up of plano-convex lens and aspheric mirror, this structure is while guarantee fluorescence gathering system detection efficiency, the length of compression imaging system as far as possible, imaging system object plane, to the Range compress of image planes to about 80mm, has the feature that compact conformation performance is stable simultaneously;
3) use one piece to have prism that 45 ° of two reflections wait the upper bottom surface of central planes and two transmissions, replaces two discrete 45 ° of catoptrons, has the feature of stable performance;
4) apparatus of the present invention are owing to have compressed the length of laser bundle-enlarging collimation system and fluorescence gathering system, optical device is focused in probe source assembly and heaviy pumping light source assembly simultaneously, form the mechanical-optical setup that compact conformation performance is stable, achieve the integrated miniaturization of whole device, show after tested, apparatus of the present invention can realize cold atom dual intensity class survey, have very high reliability and stability simultaneously, can be applied to removable cold atom equipment and association area thereof.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of cold atom dual intensity class survey
Fig. 2 is the integrated sniffer schematic diagram of cold atom dual intensity level of the present invention
Fig. 3 is that the integrated sniffer light path of cold atom dual intensity level of the present invention moves towards schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is probe source modular construction schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 5 is heaviy pumping light source assembly structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 6 is phosphor collection modular construction schematic diagram of the present invention
Embodiment
First refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of cold atom dual intensity class survey, and Fig. 2 is the integrated sniffer schematic diagram of the present invention's integrated cold atom dual intensity level,
The core content of the present invention's integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device forms an integrated cooling of atoms dual intensity class survey system by probe source assembly 2, heaviy pumping light source assembly 3, two phosphor collection assemblies 4, Fig. 2 is the present invention's integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device for mechanical schematic diagram, Fig. 3 is that light path of the present invention moves towards schematic diagram, Fig. 4 is probe source modular construction schematic diagram, Fig. 5 is heaviy pumping light source assembly structural representation, and Fig. 6 is phosphor collection modular construction schematic diagram.
Be described in detail as follows:
The present invention's integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device, be made up of vacuum detection district 1, probe source assembly 2, heaviy pumping light source assembly 3, two phosphor collection assemblies 4, described vacuum detection district 1 is the cubical seal cavity that four sides have optical window respectively, four sides are called A face, B face, C face, D face successively, and on four sides, corresponding optical window is called A optical window, B optical window, C optical window, D optical window;
Described probe source assembly 2 one-tenth " ㄣ " type, probe source assembly installed surface 14 is comprised in the upper left of this probe source assembly 2, first rectangular aperture 10, 3rd rectangular aperture 13, second rectangular aperture 12 and plane mirror 11, the first described rectangular aperture 10, 3rd rectangular aperture 13 and the second rectangular aperture 12 be from bottom to top be positioned at conplane three parallel Tong Guangkou, this plane is parallel with described probe source assembly installed surface 14, first rectangular aperture 10 installs λ/4 wave plate, described plane mirror 11 is close to the right side of the second rectangular aperture 12 and the 3rd rectangular aperture 13 and parallel with described probe source assembly installed surface 14, the lower right-most portion of described probe source assembly 2 comprises the first fibre-optical splice 5, first plano-concave lens 6, first aspheric mirror 7, first polarization beam apparatus 8 and the first light intensity test device 9, the center of the first described rectangular aperture 10, the center of the first polarization beam apparatus 8, the center of the first light intensity test device 9 is positioned on same axis from left to right successively, this axis is vertical with affiliated probe source assembly installed surface 14, the first described polarization beam apparatus 8, first aspheric mirror 7, first plano-concave lens 6 and the first optical fiber base 5 are positioned at same optical axis from top to bottom, this optical axis and described axes normal,
Described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3 one-tenth " h " type, heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface 24 is comprised in the left-half of this probe source assembly 3, 4th rectangular aperture 21, 6th rectangular aperture 22, 5th rectangular aperture 23 and Dove prism 20, the 4th described rectangular aperture 21, 6th rectangular aperture 22 and the 5th rectangular aperture 23 be from bottom to top be positioned at conplane three parallel Tong Guangkou, this plane is parallel with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface 24, 4th rectangular aperture 21 and the 5th rectangular aperture 23 install λ/4 wave plate, described Dove prism 20 is one piece of prism with two 45 ° of reflectings surface and two transmission bottom surfaces, the bottom surface of described Dove prism 20 is close to the 4th described rectangular aperture 21, the right side of the 6th rectangular aperture 22 and the 5th rectangular aperture 23 is also parallel with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface 24, the lower right-most portion of described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3 comprises the second optical fiber base 15, second plano-concave lens 16, second aspheric mirror 17, second polarization beam apparatus 18 and the second light intensity test device 19, the center of the 6th described rectangle opening 22, the center of the bottom surface of Dove prism 20 and the center of upper bottom surface, the center of the second polarization beam apparatus 18, the center of the second light intensity test device 19 is positioned at same axis from left to right successively, this axis is vertical with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface 24, the second described polarization beam apparatus 18, second aspheric mirror 17, second plano-concave lens 16 and the second optical fiber base 15 are positioned at same optical axis, this optical axis and described axes normal,
Two described phosphor collection assemblies 4 have identical structure, lens barrel structure, after circle leads to light opening 25, plano-convex lens 26, the 3rd non-spherical lens 27 and photoelectric tube 28 are installed successively, described plano-convex lens 26 and the same optical axis of the 3rd non-spherical lens 27, the circular logical center of light opening 25 and the center of photoelectric tube 28 are positioned at this optical axis successively, and this optical axis is vertical with the installed surface of phosphor collection assembly 4;
Described probe source assembly 2 and heaviy pumping light source assembly 3 are arranged on described A face and C face respectively, first rectangular aperture 10 of described probe source assembly 2 aims at described A optical window, 4th rectangular aperture 21 of C optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3, second rectangular aperture 12 of described probe source assembly 2 aims at described C optical window, 5th rectangular aperture 23 of A optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3, 3rd rectangular aperture 13 of described probe source assembly 2 aims at described A optical window, 6th rectangular aperture 22 of C optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3, two described phosphor collection assemblies 4 are arranged on B face and D face respectively, the phosphor collection window of two described phosphor collection assemblies 4 aims at the latter half of described B optical window and the first half of the D optical window relative with B optical window respectively,
Meet following light path annexation:
Exploring laser light is inputted by the optical fiber base 5 of described probe source assembly 2, to polarization beam apparatus 8 after described plano-concave lens 6 and non-spherical lens 7 beam-expanding collimation, described exploring laser light is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by this polarization beam apparatus 8, λ/4 wave plate of described reflected light in the first rectangular aperture 10, A optical window, C optical window, enter described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3, successively by λ/4 wave plate in the 4th rectangular aperture 21, Dove prism 20, λ/4 wave plate after the reflection of this Dove prism 20 in the 5th described rectangular aperture 23, C optical window, A optical window, enter described probe source assembly 2 again, vertical incidence plane mirror 11 after the second rectangle opening 12, through this plane mirror 11, 0 ° of reflection is back to polarization beam apparatus 8 along original optical path, the light returned will be divided into reflected light and transmitted light, transmitted light arrives light intensity test device 9, between first rectangular aperture 10 and the 4th rectangular aperture 21 of described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3 of described probe source assembly 2, form first detect optical standing wave field, between second rectangular aperture 12 and the 5th rectangular aperture 23 of described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3 of described probe source assembly 2, form second detect optical standing wave field, the 5th rectangular aperture 23 lower edge is utilized to block a part of exploring laser light, this part exploring laser light cannot arrive plane mirror 11, thus detection light traveling-wave field is formed above first detection optical standing wave field,
Heaviy pumping laser is inputted by the second optical fiber base 15 of described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3, to the second polarization beam apparatus 18 after the second plano-concave lens 16 and the second non-spherical lens 17 beam-expanding collimation, described heaviy pumping laser is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by this second polarization beam apparatus 18, described reflected light is through Dove prism 20, 6th rectangle opening 22, C optical window, A optical window, enter described probe source assembly 2, by the 3rd rectangle opening 13, vertical incidence plane mirror 11, through this plane mirror 11, 0 ° of reflection, heaviy pumping laser is back to the second polarization beam apparatus 18 along above-mentioned path Yuan Lu, the light returned will be divided into reflected light and transmitted light, transmitted light arrives the second light intensity test device 19, heaviy pumping laser forms a heaviy pumping laser standing wave field between the 3rd rectangular aperture 13 and the 6th rectangular aperture 22 of described heaviy pumping light source assembly 3 of described probe source assembly 2.
Cold atom by the fluorescence that produces during exploring laser light stationary field to surrounding radiation, part fluorescence leads to light opening 25 by the circle on optical window and described phosphor collection assembly 4, and the optical system that the plano-convex lens 26 on described two phosphor collection assemblies 4 and the 3rd non-spherical lens 27 form collects photoelectric tube 28.
As shown in Fig. 4 Fig. 5, laser bundle-enlarging collimation system of the present invention, is made up of the first plano-concave lens 6 and the first non-spherical lens 7 or the second plano-concave lens 15 and the second non-spherical lens 16.Initial conditions is laser wavelength lambda, the numerical aperture NA of single-mode fiber and the diameter of collimated light beam
, with total length L for constraint condition design processes.Such design makes the total length of beam-expanding collimation system be compressed to 33.6mm.
Laser polarization control system of the present invention is made up of two polarization beam apparatus on probe source assembly, heaviy pumping light source assembly and 3 λ/4 wave plates, degree of polarization Controlling principle is: laser beam is with the polarization state 45 ° reflection of linear polarization, Dove prism is entered, to guarantee that polarization state meets the demands with linear polarization.Therefore, without any reflection when adopting the design to make laser in whole communication process be in circular polarization state, stability and the controllability of laser polarization degree can just effectively be guaranteed.As shown in Figure 3: exploring laser light is through the first polarization beam apparatus 8 of probe source assembly 2 inside, λ/4 wave plate of reflected light in rectangular aperture 10 is transformed to circularly polarized light, incide in vacuum detection district 1 from the A face in vacuum detection district 1 through A optical window, from the outgoing of C optical window, λ/4 wave plate entered in the 4th rectangular aperture 21 of heaviy pumping light source assembly 3 is converted to linearly polarized light again, enter Dove prism 20, from Dove prism outgoing after twice 45 ° of reflections, λ/4 wave plate again in the 5th rectangular aperture 23 is converted to circularly polarized light, by C optical window, enter vacuum detection district 1, by A optical window, again enter probe source assembly 2, 0 ° of reflection after plane mirror, circularly polarized detection optical standing wave field is formed between the first rectangular aperture 10 and the 4th rectangular aperture 21 and between the second rectangular aperture 12 and the 5th rectangular aperture 23.Utilize the detection optical standing wave field of circularly polarized light can form cyclical transition and improve the efficiency detecting fluorescence.
Another one innovation of the present invention is the phosphor collection optical system using brand-new design, be made up of plano-convex lens 26, the 3rd non-spherical lens 27 as shown in Figure 6, the length of such design compression fluorescence gathering system, meet the requirement of practical application miniaturization, take into account the detection efficiency of fluorescence gathering system simultaneously, coordinate diaphragm can eliminate most parasitic light.
Each part of the present invention adopts integrated design processing, and ensure mechanical property, main structure M4 screw is arranged on vacuum detection district outer wall, assembles successively from structure.Need the part installing optical element, design in advance according to each optical element weight and volume when Machine Design and reserve corresponding injecting glue layer space.The present invention optical element master used is the mechanical property and the thermal behavior that ensure optical element, and all adopt specialized aviation epoxy structural rubber, its bondline thickness is determined quantitatively according to the thermal expansivity of optical mirror slip, microscope base, the effective thermal expansion coefficients of glue-line.Adopt in this way, after curable adhesive layer, can think that assembly to disappear heat in radial direction approx, namely when temperature variation because lens, microscope base and glue-line have different being radially expanded or shrinking, the stress making it be formed in optical mechanical element reduces to minimum.
Set laser beam-expanding collimation system of the present invention, fluorescence gathering system, light intensity real-time monitoring system are in one, by the miniaturization of traditional cold atom dual intensity class survey system integration, farthest reduce the volume and weight of optical-mechanical system, simplified design structure, optical-mechanical system mechanical property and thermo-environment adaptability can be fabulous, are applicable to the harsh and unforgiving environments of space flight rank.Show after tested, apparatus of the present invention have very high reliability and stability, can long-term stable operation, can be applicable to movable laser cold atomic clock and correlation engineering application thereof.
Claims (1)
1. an integrated cold atom dual intensity class survey device, this device is made up of vacuum detection district (1), probe source assembly (2), heaviy pumping light source assembly (3) and two phosphor collection assemblies (4), described vacuum detection district (1) is the cubical seal cavity that four sides have optical window respectively, four sides are called A face, B face, C face, D face, and the optical window on four sides is called A optical window, B optical window, C optical window, D optical window; It is characterized in that:
Described probe source assembly (2) becomes " ㄣ " type, probe source assembly installed surface (14) is comprised in the upper left of this probe source assembly (2), first rectangular aperture (10), 3rd rectangular aperture (13), second rectangular aperture (12) and plane mirror (11), described the first rectangular aperture (10), 3rd rectangular aperture (13) and the second rectangular aperture (12) be from bottom to top be positioned at conplane three parallel Tong Guangkou, this plane is parallel with described probe source assembly installed surface (14), first rectangular aperture (10) installs λ/4 wave plate, described plane mirror (11) is close to the right side of the second rectangular aperture (12) and the 3rd rectangular aperture (13) and parallel with described probe source assembly installed surface (14), the lower right-most portion of described probe source assembly (2) comprises the first optical fiber base (5), first plano-concave lens (6), first aspheric mirror (7), first polarization beam apparatus (8) and the first light intensity test device (9), the center of described the first rectangular aperture (10), the center of the first polarization beam apparatus (8), the center of the first light intensity test device (9) is positioned on first axle from left to right successively, this first axle is vertical with affiliated probe source assembly installed surface (14), described the first polarization beam apparatus (8), first aspheric mirror (7), first plano-concave lens (6) and the first optical fiber base (5) same optical axis from top to bottom, this optical axis is vertical with described first axle,
Described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3) becomes
type, heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface (24) is comprised in the left-half of this probe source assembly (3), 4th rectangular aperture (21), 6th rectangular aperture (22), 5th rectangular aperture (23) and Dove prism (20), the 4th described rectangular aperture (21), 6th rectangular aperture (22) and the 5th rectangular aperture (23) be from bottom to top be positioned at conplane three parallel Tong Guangkou, this plane is parallel with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface (24), 4th rectangular aperture (21) and the 5th rectangular aperture (23) install λ/4 wave plate, described Dove prism (20) is one piece of prism with the upper bottom surface of the central planes such as 45 ° of two reflections and two transmissions, the bottom surface of described Dove prism (20) is close to the 4th described rectangular aperture (21), the right side of the 6th rectangular aperture (22) and the 5th rectangular aperture (23) is also parallel with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface (24), the lower right-most portion of described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3) comprises the second optical fiber base (15), second plano-concave lens (16), second aspheric mirror (17), second polarization beam apparatus (18) and the second light intensity test device (19), the center of the 6th described rectangle opening (22), the center of bottom surface of Dove prism (20) and the center of upper bottom surface, the center of the second polarization beam apparatus (18) and the center of the second light intensity test device (19) are positioned on the second axis from left to right successively, this second axis is vertical with described heaviy pumping light source assembly installed surface (24), described the second polarization beam apparatus (18), second aspheric mirror (17), second plano-concave lens (16) and the second optical fiber base (15) same to optical axis, this optical axis and the second described axes normal,
Two described phosphor collection assemblies (4) have identical structure, lens barrel structure, after circle leads to light opening (25), plano-convex lens (26), the 3rd non-spherical lens (27) and photoelectric tube (28) are installed successively, described plano-convex lens (26) and the 3rd non-spherical lens (27) same to optical axis, the circular logical center of light opening (25) and the center of photoelectric tube (28) are positioned at this optical axis successively, and this optical axis is vertical with the installed surface of phosphor collection assembly (4);
Described probe source assembly (2) and heaviy pumping light source assembly (3) are arranged on described A face and C face respectively, the A optical window described in first rectangular aperture (10) aligning of described probe source assembly (2), 4th rectangular aperture (21) of C optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3), the C optical window described in second rectangular aperture (12) aligning of described probe source assembly (2), 5th rectangular aperture (23) of A optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3), the A optical window described in 3rd rectangular aperture (13) aligning of described probe source assembly (2), 6th rectangular aperture (22) of C optical window and described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3), two described phosphor collection assemblies (4) are arranged on B face and D face respectively, the phosphor collection window of two described phosphor collection assemblies (4) aims at the latter half of described B optical window and the first half of D optical window respectively,
Meet following light path annexation:
Exploring laser light is inputted by the first optical fiber base (5) of described probe source assembly (2), to the first polarization beam apparatus (8) after described the first plano-concave lens (6) and the first non-spherical lens (7) beam-expanding collimation, described exploring laser light is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by this first polarization beam apparatus (8), λ/4 wave plate of described reflected light in the first rectangular aperture (10), A optical window, C optical window, enter described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3), successively by λ/4 wave plate in the 4th rectangular aperture (21), Dove prism (20), λ/4 wave plate after this Dove prism (20) reflection in the 5th described rectangular aperture (23), C optical window, A optical window, enter described probe source assembly (2) again, plane mirror (11) after the second rectangle opening (12) described in vertical incidence, the first polarization beam apparatus (8) is back to along original optical path through this plane mirror (11) 0 ° reflection, the light returned will be divided into reflected light and transmitted light, transmitted light arrives the first light intensity test device (9), between first rectangular aperture (10) and the 4th rectangular aperture (21) of described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3) of described probe source assembly (2), form first detect optical standing wave field, between second rectangular aperture (12) and the 5th rectangular aperture (23) of described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3) of described probe source assembly (2), form second detect optical standing wave field, the 5th rectangular aperture (23) lower edge is utilized to block a part of exploring laser light, this part exploring laser light cannot arrive plane mirror (11), thus detection light traveling-wave field is formed above first detection optical standing wave field,
Heaviy pumping laser is inputted by the second optical fiber base (15) of described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3), to the second polarization beam apparatus (18) after the second plano-concave lens (16) and the second non-spherical lens (17) beam-expanding collimation, described heaviy pumping laser is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by this second polarization beam apparatus (18), described reflected light is through Dove prism (20), 6th rectangle opening (22), C optical window, A optical window, enter described probe source assembly (2), by the 3rd rectangle opening (13), vertical incidence plane mirror (11), through this plane mirror (11) 0 ° reflection, heaviy pumping laser is back to the second polarization beam apparatus (18) along above-mentioned path Yuan Lu, the light returned will be divided into reflected light and transmitted light, transmitted light arrives light intensity test device (19), heaviy pumping laser forms a heaviy pumping laser standing wave field between the 3rd rectangular aperture (13) and the 6th rectangular aperture (22) of described heaviy pumping light source assembly (3) of described probe source assembly (2),
Cold atom by the fluorescence that produces during exploring laser light stationary field to surrounding radiation, part fluorescence leads to light opening (25) by the circle on optical window and described phosphor collection assembly (4), and the optical system formed through described plano-convex lens (26) and the 3rd non-spherical lens (27) is detected by described photoelectric tube (28).
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| CN111884045A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-11-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | High-stability modulation transfer spectrum frequency stabilization light path device |
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