CN105156882A - Energy-saving type submerged combustion gasifier - Google Patents
Energy-saving type submerged combustion gasifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN105156882A CN105156882A CN201510609508.6A CN201510609508A CN105156882A CN 105156882 A CN105156882 A CN 105156882A CN 201510609508 A CN201510609508 A CN 201510609508A CN 105156882 A CN105156882 A CN 105156882A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving type submerged combustion gasifier. The energy-saving type submerged combustion gasifier comprises an air blower, an air channel, a combustor, a combustion chamber, a flue gas distributor, a water tank, a heat exchange tube bundle, a weir flow box, an alkaline liquid tank, a chimney, a gas-liquid separator and a chimney regulating valve, wherein the flue gas distributor comprises collecting tubes and bubbling tubes; one end of each bubbling tube is connected with each collecting tube; the bubbling tubes are arranged under the heat exchange tube bundle; at least one row of injection holes are formed in the top of each bubbling tube; the weir flow box is supported by a bracket which is fixed at the bottom of the water tank; the heat exchange tube bundle is suspended and supported by a suspension support structure at the top of the weir flow box and is submerged in water bath liquid in the water tank; the gas-liquid separator is mounted in the chimney; a bypass is arranged at the lower part of the chimney and is respectively connected with the combustor and the flue gas distributor through a first branch and a second branch. The energy-saving type submerged combustion gasifier is excellent in heat exchange effect, high in heat efficiency, relatively compact in structure and small in occupied area, is capable of saving energy and cost, and is particularly applicable to LNG receiving stations with moderate and high gasification capacities.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to liquefied natural gas gasifying technical field, relate to a kind of energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer, particularly relate to a kind of submerged combustion vaporizer that cryogenic liquide is gasified, this submerged combustion vaporizer is often applied in large-scale LNG Liquefied natural gas receiving station as liquefied natural gas gasifying device.
Background technique
Along with the development of China's industrialization degree and energy-saving and emission-reduction work, the energy especially the demand of clean energy resource and the problem of use more and more outstanding.Rock gas uses as the energy, possesses efficient and clean two-fold advantage, is at home and abroad significantly applied in recent years.National Energy Board of China proposes: to the year two thousand twenty, the ratio of rock gas in primary energy is brought up to 12%.Expect the year two thousand twenty, China's natural gas import will reach annual 1500 billion cubic meters.For the ease of storing and transport, rock gas need be liquefied as the LNG Liquefied natural gas (being called for short LNG) of low temperature, when supplying user and using, needs LNG gasification to be used again.Vaporizer is the LNG vaporization equipment commonly used in the world, but domestic vaporizer vaporization ability is still not enough, therefore develops the equipment for gasification with more atmospheric ability imperative.
The effect of submerged combustion vaporizer (SCV) is low temperature LNG heating and gasifying LNG receiving station and is superheated to more than 0 DEG C rock gas (NG), then sends into outside pipeline and transports to user.The amount of vaporization of SCV can regulate in the scope of 10% ~ 100%, can make a response, be particularly suitable for the situation that load variations Amplitude Ratio is larger to the unexpected change of load.The toggle speed of SCV vaporizer is fast, is suitable for quick startup requirement when urgency or peak regulation.In large-scale LNG receiving station, be usually equipped with corresponding SCV vaporizer, when increasing so that cushion gas load is anxious, start rapidly, improve the adaptability to changes of system.As shown in Figure 1, it comprises blower 1, air channel 2, burner 3, firing chamber 4, flue gas distributor 5, tank 6, heat exchanger pipe bundle 7, alkali liquid tank 9, gas-liquid separator 11 and chimney 10 etc. to the structure of the submerged combustion vaporizer that the LNG receiving station had in prior art uses.Air and inflammable gas are at burner 3 fully mixing after-combustion generation high-temperature flue gas, high-temperature flue gas directly enters in tank 6 through flue gas distributor 5, water bath shampoo direct contact heat transfer in high-temperature flue gas and tank 6, the LNG heating and gasifying entering into heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is become rock gas (NG) by the water bath shampoo after heating, discharge from the outlet of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 after NG is superheated to the outer defeated temperature of requirement, after final high-temperature flue gas and water bath shampoo heat exchange, be discharged into the external world through chimney 10.The floor space of the submerged combustion vaporizer of prior art affects primarily of heat exchanger pipe bundle, and floor space is comparatively large, restricts the development and application that it maximizes; The flame temperature of air and gas fuel burning is high, and the choice requirement under the environment of hot flame of burner and firing chamber is high, and cost is high; The thermal efficiency is mainly by the impact of smog discharge temperature, and reducing temperature of exhaust fume is one of main path improving the thermal efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming large for existing submerged combustion vaporizer floor space, choice requirement is high and cost is high, devise a kind of more compact structure, floor space is little, choice requirement is low, energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer that heat exchange efficiency is high.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer, comprises blower 1, air channel 2, burner 3, firing chamber 4, flue gas distributor 5, tank 6, heat exchanger pipe bundle 7, weir flow case 8, alkali liquid tank 9, chimney 10 and gas-liquid separator 11, smokestack modulating valve 13; Described blower 1 is connected through the air intlet of air channel 2 with burner 3, the outlet of described burner 3 is connected with the firing chamber 4 being positioned at described tank 6 side, the inflammable gas that air and the fuel gas inlet of spontaneous combustion burner 3 enter in burner 3 fully mixes, and enters firing chamber 4 burning and produce high-temperature flue gas after igniting; The outlet of described firing chamber 4 is connected with the import of flue gas distributor 5; Described flue gas distributor 5 comprises Manifolds 51 and bubbling pipe 52, one end of described bubbling pipe 52 is communicated with Manifolds 51, bubbling pipe 52 is positioned at the below of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7, every root bubbling pipe 52 top arranges at least one row's spray-hole 53, and high-temperature flue gas sprays in tank by the spray-hole 53 on bubbling pipe 52; Described weir flow case 8 is by being fixed on the stent support bottom tank 6, and described heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 by the suspension strut structure suspension strut at top being arranged on weir flow case 8, and is immersed in the water bath shampoo in tank 6; The import of described heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is connected with LNG Liquefied natural gas transfer line, and outlet is connected with natural gas transmission pipeline; Described chimney 10 is connected with tank 6 top; Be provided with gas-liquid separator 11 in described chimney 10 inside, abundant cooled flue gas is overflowed from water bath shampoo, enters the external world after entering chimney 10 after gas-liquid separator 11 air-water is separated; Described chimney 10 is provided with chimney modulating valve 13 for adjusting the flue gas flow of chimney, and chimney modulating valve 13 is positioned at the top of gas-liquid separator 11; Described chimney 10 bottom is provided with bypass, bypass is connected with burner 3, flue gas distributor 5 respectively through two branch roads i.e. the first branch road, the second branch road, respectively low-temperature flue gas is incorporated in burner 3, flue gas distributor 5, the high-temperature flue gas that low-temperature flue gas enters firing chamber 4 and burning generation through burner 3 is mixed into flue gas distributor 5, mix with the low-temperature flue gas entering flue gas distributor 5 through the second branch road, again enter water bath shampoo by bubbling pipe 52.
Described air channel 2 is made up of primary air air channel and auxiliary air channel.
Water jacket 43 is arranged with outside described firing chamber 4, the bottom of water jacket 43 is provided with water intake 42, water jacket 43 inside is provided with spiral stream guidance band or spiral deflector 41, the top of water jacket 43 is provided with water outlet, cooling water is from the water bath shampoo in tank 6, and cooling water is entered by lower water inlet 42, flow to top, firing chamber 4 through spiral stream guidance band or spiral deflector 41, lower the temperature to the outer wall of burner 4, the cooling water after heat absorption is turned back and to be got back in tank 6.
Described Manifolds 51 is circular or oval or oblong or discoid shape pipe; Described bubbling pipe 52 is circular or oval or oblong or discoid shape pipe; Described bubbling pipe 52 is evenly arranged in the below of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7, one end of bubbling pipe 52 is communicated with the bottom of Manifolds 51, and on the quantity of bubbling pipe 52 and bubbling pipe 52, the quantity of spray-hole 53, row need to be determined by calculating according to flue gas flow, pressure, temperature parameter; Every root bubbling pipe 52 top arranges single or at least 2 arranges the spray-hole 53 be staggered in arrangement, and high-temperature flue gas is sprayed in tank 6 by the spray-hole 53 on bubbling pipe 52.
Fill water bath shampoo in described tank 6, be provided with flow-off and liquid port, top covers dismountable cover plate.
Described heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is in square or triangle or the arrangement of U-shaped pipe, and the heat exchanging tube of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is with the bellows of augmentation of heat transfer structure or interior ripple male-pipe or threaded pipe or fin tube or conduit pipe.
Described suspension strut structure is supporting traverse, and described heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is fixed in weir flow case 8 by supporting traverse, is immersed in the water bath shampoo in tank 6.
Described weir flow case 8 is uncovered above and below, forms the passage of up/down perforation in weir flow case 8.
Described alkali liquid tank 9 is arranged on above tank 6 side.After water bath shampoo in tank 6 has dissolved acid gas in flue gas, pH value reduces, when the pH value monitoring water bath shampoo in tank 6 drops to certain limit, in tank 6, alkali lye is added by automatic controller, avoid the corrosion that water bath shampoo in tank 6 presents acid rear heat exchanging tube bank 7 and flue gas distributor 5, extend the working life of equipment.
Described gas-liquid separator 11 adds wire mesh membrane composite structure type gas-liquid separator for corrugated sheet or wire mesh membrane or corrugated sheet.
Described bypass is positioned at gas-liquid separator 11 side-lower.Described bypass is provided with by-pass valve 12 in order to control total bypass flow of flue gas in bypass, by-pass valve 12 is arranged on the side near chimney; Be provided with the first valve 14 on the first leg, the second branch road is provided with the second valve 15.Chimney modulating valve 13 is set and is convenient to the flow that by-pass valve 12 controls flue gas in bypass, regulate flue gas shunting amount in two branch roads by the first valve 14, second valve 15.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Heat exchanger pipe bundle of the present invention, with augmentation of heat transfer structure, chimney is arranged bypass and low-temperature flue gas is introduced burner and flue gas distributor, firing chamber arranges water leg structure.Good effect of heat exchange of the present invention, the thermal efficiency is high, makes gasification installation more compact structure, floor space little, energy saving and cost, is specially adapted to the LNG receiving station of atmospheric amount in processing.Specific as follows:
1, periphery, firing chamber arranges water jacket, and the cooling water after circulation is turned back again in screw clamp, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas produced when both having reduced burning turn avoid the loss of heat; By branch road, low-temperature flue gas is introduced burner, low-temperature flue gas enters the high-temperature flue gas mixing of firing chamber and burning generation, has both avoided the loss of heat, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas produced when simultaneously can reduce burning; By above 2 points, reduce the requirement of firing chamber selection, reach the object of energy saving and cost.
2, on the quantity of bubbling pipe and bubbling pipe, the quantity of spray-hole, row need to be determined by calculating according to flue gas flow, pressure, temperature parameter, bubbling pipe is evenly arranged in the below of heat exchanger pipe bundle, high-temperature flue gas sprays in tank by the spray-hole on bubbling pipe, guarantee that high-temperature flue gas enters water bath shampoo uniformly, make water bath shampoo homogeneous temperature, thus heat exchanger pipe bundle is heated evenly.
3, high-temperature flue gas enters weir flow case internal water body lotion by bubbling pipe, a large amount of bubble agitation water bath shampoo, improves the coefficient of heat transfer more than 20%, and the air-water mixture of formation rises; Rise after flue gas in air-water mixture arrives weir flow box top and enter chimney, after gas-liquid separator, enter air by chimney; Water in air-water mixture overflows weir flow case after arriving weir flow box top, thus is formed outward at heat exchanger pipe bundle and circulate, and enhances the heat exchange of water and tube bank.
4, heat exchanger pipe bundle is square or triangle or the arrangement of U-shaped pipe, and the heat exchanging tube of tube bank is with the bellows of augmentation of heat transfer structure or interior ripple male-pipe or threaded pipe or fin tube or conduit pipe.The overall dimensions of heat exchanger pipe bundle can be reduced, and then can reduce to place the weir flow case of tube bank and the size of tank, not only reduce floor space, cost-saving, and be more suitable for the LNG receiving station of the more atmospheric amount of process.
5, the setting of bypass on chimney, is incorporated into low-temperature flue gas in burner, the high-temperature flue-gas produced when can reduce burning, reduces the requirement of burner selection, reaches cost-saving object; Be incorporated into by low-temperature flue gas in flue gas distributor, low-temperature flue gas enters water bath shampoo by bubbling pipe again, strengthens the disturbance of water bath shampoo, forced heat exchanging, and can reduce flue gas temperature of exhaust fume further, improves heat exchange efficiency more than 20%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the submerged combustion vaporizer of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the B-B of Fig. 2 is to sectional drawing.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the water jacket of the energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technological scheme of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Fig. 2,3 and 4, a kind of energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer, comprises blower 1, air channel 2, burner 3, firing chamber 4, flue gas distributor 5, tank 6, heat exchanger pipe bundle 7, weir flow case 8, alkali liquid tank 9, chimney 10 and gas-liquid separator 11, smokestack modulating valve 13; Described blower 1 is connected through the air intlet of air channel 2 with burner 3, the outlet of described burner 3 is connected with the firing chamber 4 being positioned at described tank 6 side, the inflammable gas that air and the fuel gas inlet of spontaneous combustion burner 3 enter in burner 3 fully mixes, and enters firing chamber 4 burning and produce high-temperature flue gas after igniting; Be arranged with water jacket 43 outside described firing chamber 4, the bottom of water jacket 43 is provided with water intake 42, and water jacket 43 inside is provided with spiral stream guidance band or spiral deflector 41, and the top of water jacket 43 is provided with water outlet; The outlet of described firing chamber 4 is connected with the import of flue gas distributor 5; Described flue gas distributor 5 is made up of Manifolds 51 and several bubbling pipes 52 be evenly arranged in bottom Manifolds 51, and one end of described bubbling pipe 52 is communicated with the bottom of Manifolds 51, and bubbling pipe 52 is positioned at the below of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7; Every root bubbling pipe 52 top arranges at least one row's spray-hole 53, and high-temperature flue gas sprays in tank 6 by the spray-hole 53 on bubbling pipe 52; Fill water bath shampoo in tank 6, and arrange flow-off and liquid port, top covers dismountable cover plate; Described weir flow case 8 is by being fixed on the stent support bottom tank 6, and weir flow case 8 is enclosed in the surrounding of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7, and be only uncovered above and below, top is provided with supporting traverse, for suspension strut heat exchanger pipe bundle 7; Described heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 by supporting traverse suspension strut, and is immersed in the water bath shampoo in tank 6; The import of described heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is connected with LNG Liquefied natural gas transfer line, and outlet is connected with natural gas transmission pipeline; Described chimney 10 is connected with tank 6 top; Be provided with gas-liquid separator 11 in described chimney 10 inside, abundant cooled flue gas is overflowed from water bath shampoo, enters the external world after entering chimney 10 after gas-liquid separator 11 air-water is separated; Described chimney 10 is provided with chimney modulating valve 13 for adjusting the flue gas flow of chimney, and chimney modulating valve 13 is positioned at the top of gas-liquid separator 11; Described chimney 10 bottom is provided with bypass, and bypass is positioned at gas-liquid separator 11 side-lower, and the side near chimney in bypass is provided with by-pass valve 12; Bypass is connected with burner 3, flue gas distributor 5 respectively through two branch roads i.e. the first branch road, the second branch road, respectively low-temperature flue gas is incorporated in burner 3, flue gas distributor 5, be provided with the first valve 14 on the first leg, the second branch road is provided with the second valve 15; Above described tank 6 side, be provided with alkali liquid tank 9, control alkali liquid tank 9 by automatic controller in tank 6, add the pH that alkali lye regulates water bath shampoo.
Wherein, described air channel 2 is made up of primary air air channel and auxiliary air channel.
Described Manifolds 51 is circular or oval or oblong or discoid shape pipe, substantially adopts cylindrical tube; Described bubbling pipe 52 is circular or oval or oblong or discoid shape pipe, substantially adopts oblong pipe.
Every root bubbling pipe 52 top arranges single spray-hole 53, or the spray-hole 53 be staggered in arrangement is arranged in every root bubbling pipe 52 top setting at least 2.Described spray-hole 53 adopts circular port substantially, also can adopt ellipse or oblong or oblate hole.
Described heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is in square or triangle or the arrangement of U-shaped pipe, and the heat exchanging tube of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7 is with the bellows of augmentation of heat transfer structure or interior ripple male-pipe or threaded pipe or fin tube or conduit pipe.
Described gas-liquid separator 11 adds wire mesh membrane composite structure type gas-liquid separator for corrugated sheet or wire mesh membrane or corrugated sheet.
When adopting submerged combustion vaporizer of the present invention: by blower 1, air is sent in burner 3 through the air intlet of air channel 2, burner 3, the inflammable gas that air and the fuel gas inlet of spontaneous combustion burner 3 enter in burner 3 fully mixes, after igniting, enter firing chamber 4, abundant mixed air and inflammable gas produce high-temperature flue gas in firing chamber 4 combustion; High-temperature flue gas enters in the water bath shampoo in tank 6 via the bubbling pipe 52 of flue gas distributor 5.Inner at weir flow case 8, a large amount of bubble agitation water bath shampoo, the air-water mixture of formation produces the effect of rising, and the water after arriving weir flow case 9 top in air-water mixture overflows weir flow case, circulates, enhance the heat exchange of water and tube bank outer formation of heat exchanger pipe bundle 7.Abundant cooled low-temperature flue gas is overflowed from water bath shampoo, enters chimney 10, after gas-liquid separator 11 air-water is separated, enter the external world; By regulating chimney modulating valve 13 and by-pass valve 12, control the flow of low-temperature flue gas in the flue gas flow of chimney and bypass.Bypass is connected with burner 3, flue gas distributor 5 respectively through two branch roads i.e. the first branch road, the second branch road, respectively low-temperature flue gas is incorporated in burner 3, flue gas distributor 5, is regulated the shunt volume of low-temperature flue gas entering burner 3, flue gas distributor 5 by the first valve 14, second valve 15.Be incorporated into the low-temperature flue gas in burner 3, enter the high-temperature flue gas mixing of firing chamber 4 and burning generation, both avoid the loss of heat, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas produced when simultaneously again reducing burning, reduce the requirement of firing chamber selection, reach the object of energy saving and cost.Through the low-temperature flue gas that flue gas distributor 5 import enters, mix with the high-temperature flue gas from firing chamber 4, again enter water bath shampoo by bubbling pipe 52, strengthen the disturbance of water bath shampoo, forced heat exchanging, and flue gas temperature of exhaust fume can be reduced further, improve heat exchange efficiency more than 20%.From the water bath shampoo in tank 6 as cooling water, water jacket 43 is entered by lower water inlet 42, top, firing chamber 4 is flow to through spiral stream guidance band or spiral deflector 41, the outer wall of burner 4 is lowered the temperature, cooling water after heat absorption is turned back and to be got back in tank 6, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas produced when both having reduced burning, turn avoid the loss of heat, reduce the requirement of firing chamber 4 selection, reach the object of energy saving and cost.
Alkali liquid tank 9 is positioned at the position of tank 6 side higher than tank 6 top, in tank 6, quantitative alkali lye is added by automatic controller, after water bath shampoo in tank 6 has dissolved acid gas in flue gas, pH value reduces, when the pH value monitoring water bath shampoo in tank 6 drops to certain limit, in tank 6, alkali lye is added by automatic controller, avoid the corrosion that water bath shampoo in tank 6 presents acid rear heat exchanging tube bank 7 and flue gas distributor 5, extend the working life of equipment.
Claims (10)
1. an energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer, is characterized in that it comprises blower, air channel, burner, firing chamber, flue gas distributor, tank, heat exchanger pipe bundle, weir flow case, alkali liquid tank, chimney and gas-liquid separator, smokestack modulating valve; Described blower is connected with the air intlet of burner through air channel, and the outlet of described burner is connected with the firing chamber being positioned at described tank side; The outlet of described firing chamber is connected with the import of flue gas distributor; Described flue gas distributor comprises Manifolds and bubbling pipe, and one end of described bubbling pipe is communicated with Manifolds, and bubbling pipe is positioned at the below of heat exchanger pipe bundle, and every root bubbling pipe top arranges at least one row's spray-hole; Described weir flow case is by being fixed on the stent support of bottom of gullet, and described heat exchanger pipe bundle by the suspension strut structure suspension strut being arranged on weir flow box top, and is immersed in the water bath shampoo in tank; The import of described heat exchanger pipe bundle is connected with LNG Liquefied natural gas transfer line, and outlet is connected with natural gas transmission pipeline; Described chimney is connected with sink top; In described chimney inside, gas-liquid separator is installed; Described chimney is provided with chimney modulating valve for adjusting the flue gas flow of chimney, and chimney modulating valve is positioned at the top of gas-liquid separator; Described chimney bottom is provided with bypass, and bypass is connected with burner, flue gas distributor respectively through the first branch road, the second branch road.
2. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described air channel is made up of primary air air channel and auxiliary air channel.
3. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being arranged with water jacket outside described firing chamber, the bottom of water jacket is provided with water intake, and water jacket inside is provided with spiral stream guidance band or spiral deflector, and the top of water jacket is provided with water outlet.
4. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described Manifolds is for circular or oval or oblong or discoid shape pipe; Described bubbling pipe is circular or oval or oblong or discoid shape pipe;
Every root bubbling pipe top arranges single or at least 2 arranges the spray-hole be staggered in arrangement.
5. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that filling water bath shampoo in described tank; Tank is provided with flow-off and liquid port, and top covers dismountable cover plate.
6. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat exchanger pipe bundle is in square or triangle or the arrangement of U-shaped pipe, the heat exchanging tube of heat exchanger pipe bundle is bellows or interior ripple male-pipe or threaded pipe or fin tube or conduit pipe.
7. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described suspension strut structure is supporting traverse, described heat exchanger pipe bundle is fixed in weir flow case by supporting traverse, is immersed in the water bath shampoo in tank.
8. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described alkali liquid tank is arranged on above tank side.
9. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described gas-liquid separator is that corrugated sheet or wire mesh membrane or corrugated sheet add wire mesh membrane composite structure type gas-liquid separator.
10. energy-saving submerged combustion vaporizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that described bypass is positioned at gas-liquid separator side-lower; Described bypass is provided with by-pass valve, and by-pass valve is arranged on the side near chimney; Be provided with the first valve on the first leg, the second branch road is provided with the second valve.
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CN112984375B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-12-06 | 江苏中圣压力容器装备制造有限公司 | High-efficient submerged combustion formula gasifier |
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