CN105153640A - Preparation method for graphene polymer composite fiber film reinforced and toughened composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method for graphene polymer composite fiber film reinforced and toughened composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105153640A CN105153640A CN201510439071.6A CN201510439071A CN105153640A CN 105153640 A CN105153640 A CN 105153640A CN 201510439071 A CN201510439071 A CN 201510439071A CN 105153640 A CN105153640 A CN 105153640A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method for graphene polymer composite fiber film reinforced and toughened composite material and belongs to the field of high-performance composite materials. A graphene polymer composite fiber film is prepared from graphene and a thermoplastic polymer through an electrostatic spinning process. The graphene polymer composite fiber film is paved among prepreg layers to prepare the graphene reinforced and toughened composite material by further adopting a vacuum hot press molding process. The composite material prepared by the method provided by the invention is remarkably improved in mechanical property, and the compression strength after impact is improved by over 30%. Meanwhile, the heat resistance is improved. The method has the advantages that graphene can be uniformly dispersed in the composite material and can enhance the interlayer action force of the prepreg in the composite material; resin in the graphene favorably moves if being heated as a result of porous structures of the graphene fiber film, so that the uniformity of the inner structure of the composite material is improved.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of high performance composite and preparation method thereof, specifically relate to a kind of preparation method of graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane activeness and quietness matrix material.
[background technology]
The high performance of matrix material is the main direction of studying of matrix material, especially effectively can improve the high malleableize of matrix material shock resistance lesion capability.And existing toughening technology mainly comprises following several method: 1) rubber toughened, 2) thermoplastic polymer blending toughening, 3) Rigid Particles Toughened.The follow-up concept that also been proposed interlayer toughened, namely on the basis of thermoplastic polymer blending toughening, by improving toughness at matrix material interlayer lay powders of thermoplastic polymers or thermoplastic polymer film.Although the polymeric film of interlayer lay effectively can improve the shock resistance lesion capability of matrix material, but due to lay in the thermoplastic film of interlayer seriously hinder matrix resin the flowing of interlayer and be mingled with or its volatile component in the discharge of interlayer, thus cause the Quality Down of matrix material.
Graphene has the characteristics such as good elasticity, high mechanical strength and breaking tenacity because of it, thus using Graphene as a kind of activeness and quietness material, add in matrix material, intensity and the toughness of matrix material can be improved further.And Graphene has great specific surface area, and (specific surface area is 2630m
2g
-1), high Young's modulus (about 1TPa) and breaking tenacity (130GPa), be more suitable for the matrix material developing light high performance.As the patent No. be 201310042163.1, denomination of invention is that the patent of invention file of " Graphene activeness and quietness nylon resin and preparation method thereof " discloses a kind of Graphene activeness and quietness nylon resin and preparation method thereof, Graphene activeness and quietness nylon resin by weight percent be the nylon66 fiber of 68-76% or nylon 6, other auxiliary agent of 20-25% phosphorus N structure synergistic nylon fire retardant, 1-5% modified graphene, 1-2% forms.Its preparation method is for first to carry out surface preparation to Graphene, be after graphenic surface process that various auxiliary agent mixes, by proportioning, various raw material is mixed in high-speed stirring bucket, from batch mixing mouth, join that temperature is set as 220 ~ 280 DEG C, length-to-diameter ratio (L/D) is in the twin screw extruder of 32: 1-40: 1, vacuumize granulation.But graphite directly makes an addition in nylon resin materials by this patent, and pre-treatment need be carried out to Graphene, with only Graphene self inherent nature, the requirement of its light high performance can not be met, therefore need the matrix material that a kind of light high performance is provided badly.
[summary of the invention]
In order to realize matrix material activeness and quietness, meet the requirement of light high performance, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane activeness and quietness matrix material, utilize graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane activeness and quietness polymer matrix composites.By electrostatic spinning technique, Graphene and high molecular polymer are combined into tunica fibrosa, this film has vesicular structure, is incorporated in matrix material, matrix material and Graphene is organically combined, further increases the mechanical property of material.Experiment confirms, graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane preparation method provided by the invention obtained joins the obtained matrix material of polymer matrix composites, its mechanical property is significantly improved, and its post-impact compression improves more than 30%, and resistance toheat makes moderate progress simultaneously.While Graphene can be evenly dispersed in matrix material in guarantee, can also the interlaminar action power of prepreg in reinforced composite, be conducive to the flowing of resin when heating in prepreg, thus improve the homogeneity of whole composite inner structure.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts with Bian technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane activeness and quietness matrix material, comprise the steps:
1) by mass ratio be 1: 1 ~ 50 Graphene and thermoplastic polymer be dissolved in organic solvent and form spinning solution;
2) graphene thermal thermoplastic polymer spinning solution is inserted in electrostatic spinning machine syringe, under 8 ~ 30kV voltage, on receiving electrode, obtain graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane;
3) go down except organic solvent at the vacuum condition of 50 ~ 100 DEG C, obtain graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane;
4) graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane paving is overlying between the prepreg of matrix material, vacuumizes under room temperature, obtain graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane activeness and quietness matrix material of the present invention through 160 ~ 180 DEG C of hot pressing.
Preparation method's step 1 provided by the invention) in Graphene be 3 ~ 5 layers.
Preparation method's step 1 provided by the invention) in thermoplastic polymer be polyetherketone, polyether-ether-ketone, polyetherimide, polysulfones, polyethersulfone, phenolphthalein modified poly (ether-sulfone), polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide or polymeric amide.
Preparation method's step 1 provided by the invention) in organic solvent be tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethylene dichloride, tetrachloroethane, methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, DMF, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone.
Preparation method's step 2 provided by the invention) in receiving electrode and distance between emitting electrode be 8 ~ 23cm.
Preparation method's step 2 provided by the invention) in the diameter of graphene polymer conjugated fibre that obtains of electrostatic spinning machine be 10 ~ 50nm.
Preparation method's step 3 provided by the invention) in the thickness of obtained graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane be 5 ~ 50 μm, width is 5 ~ 40cm.
Preparation method's step 4 provided by the invention) in matrix material be polymer matrix composites.
With immediate prior art ratio, technical scheme provided by the invention has following beneficial effect:
1) graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane provided by the invention has vesicular structure because of it, is beneficial to the flowing at interlayer when matrix resin heats, improves the homogeneity of material internal structure;
2) because graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane has because of it discharge that vesicular structure is easy to interlayer volatile component, ensure that the good quality of matrix material;
3) matrix material that obtains of preparation method provided by the invention, because its mechanical property that adds of graphene fiber film significantly improves: post-impact compression improves more than 30%, resistance toheat makes moderate progress simultaneously;
4) matrix material of the raising of mechanical property that technical scheme provided by the invention obtains can be widely used in the lightweight field of the aerospace flight vehicle needing loss of weight.
[embodiment]
With each embodiment, the present invention is described in further details below.
Embodiment 1
1g Graphene and 10g polyethersulfone resin are dissolved in 89gN, in N-dimethylformamide, stir, be made into Graphene polyethersulfone mixing solutions.By mixing solutions by electrostatic spinning machine spinning film forming, spinning voltage is 15kV, and operating distance is 20cm, and feed liquor speed is 1ml/h; Non-woven fabrics is deposited on fiber laydown system, and volatilization removes organic solvent in the warm air of 80 DEG C, forms non-woven fabrics toughening material.Adopt hot press forming technology, the toughness reinforcing 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material of Graphene non-woven fabrics.
Compared with the 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin-base composite material not adding graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane, the post-impact compression of matrix material prepared by embodiment 1 has brought up to 321MPa from 234MPa.
Embodiment 2
1g Graphene and 10g polysulfone resin are dissolved in 89g ethylene dichloride, stir, be made into Graphene polysulfones mixing solutions.By mixing solutions by electrostatic spinning machine spinning film forming.Spinning voltage is 12kV, and operating distance is 15cm, and feed liquor speed is 1.5ml/h; Non-woven fabrics is deposited on fiber laydown system, and volatilization removes organic solvent in the warm air of 60 DEG C, forms non-woven fabrics toughening material.Adopt hot press forming technology, the toughness reinforcing 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material of Graphene non-woven fabrics.
Compared with the 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin-base composite material not adding graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane, the post-impact compression of matrix material prepared by embodiment 2 has brought up to 298MPa from 234MPa.
Embodiment 3
2g Graphene and 15g phenolphthalein modified polyether ketone are dissolved in 83g tetrahydrofuran (THF), stir, be made into Graphene phenolphthalein modified polyether ketone mixing solutions.By mixing solutions by electrostatic spinning machine spinning film forming.Spinning voltage is 20kV, and operating distance is 24cm, and feed liquor speed is 1.0ml/h; Non-woven fabrics is deposited on fiber laydown system, and volatilization removes organic solvent in the warm air of 60 DEG C, forms non-woven fabrics toughening material.Adopt hot press forming technology, the toughness reinforcing 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material of Graphene non-woven fabrics.
Compared with the 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin-base composite material not adding graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane, the post-impact compression of matrix material prepared by embodiment 3 has brought up to 318MPa from 234MPa.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
0.5g Graphene and 12g phenolphthalein modified polyether ketone are dissolved in 87.5gN, in N-dimethylformamide, stir, be made into Graphene polyetherketone mixing solutions.By mixing solutions by electrostatic spinning machine spinning film forming, spinning voltage is 12kV, and operating distance is 14cm, and feed liquor speed is 2ml/h; Non-woven fabrics is deposited on fiber laydown system, and volatilization removes organic solvent in the warm air of 70 DEG C, forms non-woven fabrics toughening material.Adopt hot press forming technology, the toughness reinforcing 5228A/T800-40B epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material of Graphene non-woven fabrics.
Compared with the 5228A/T800-40B epoxy resin-base composite material not adding graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane, the post-impact compression of matrix material prepared by embodiment 4 has brought up to 359MPa from 157MPa.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
2g Graphene and 15g phenolphthalein modified polyether ketone are dissolved in 83g tetrahydrofuran (THF), stir, be made into Graphene polyethersulfone ketone mixing solutions.By mixing solutions by electrostatic spinning machine spinning film forming, spinning voltage is 15kV, and operating distance is 20cm, and feed liquor speed is 1.5ml/h; Non-woven fabrics is deposited on fiber laydown system, and volatilization removes organic solvent in the warm air of 100 DEG C, forms non-woven fabrics toughening material.Adopt hot press forming technology, the toughness reinforcing 5284RTM/G827 epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material of Graphene non-woven fabrics.
Compared with the 5284RTM/G827 epoxy resin-base composite material not adding graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane, the post-impact compression of matrix material prepared by embodiment 5 has brought up to 278MPa from 154MPa.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
2g Graphene and 15g phenolphthalein modified polyether ketone sulfone are dissolved in 83g tetrahydrofuran (THF), stir, be made into Graphene phenolphthalein modified poly (ether-sulfone) mixing solutions.By mixing solutions by electrostatic spinning machine spinning film forming, spinning voltage is 18kV, and operating distance is 22cm, and feed liquor speed is 2.0ml/h; Non-woven fabrics is deposited on fiber laydown system, and volatilization removes organic solvent in the warm air of 80 DEG C, forms non-woven fabrics toughening material.Adopt hot press forming technology, the toughness reinforcing 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material of Graphene non-woven fabrics.
Compared with the 5228A/T300-40B epoxy resin-base composite material not adding graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane, the post-impact compression of matrix material prepared by embodiment 6 has brought up to 333MPa from 220MPa.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
2g Graphene and 20g polyetherimide are dissolved in 78g trichloromethane, stir, be made into Graphene polyetherimide mixing solutions.By mixing solutions by electrostatic spinning machine spinning film forming, spinning voltage is 15kV, and operating distance is 18cm, and feed liquor speed is 2.0ml/h; Non-woven fabrics is deposited on fiber laydown system, and volatilization removes organic solvent in the warm air of 80 DEG C, forms non-woven fabrics toughening material.Adopt hot press forming technology, the toughness reinforcing 5284RTM/U3160 epoxy resin base carbon fiber composite material of Graphene non-woven fabrics.
Compared with the 5284RTM/U3160 epoxy resin-base composite material not adding graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane, the post-impact compression of matrix material prepared by embodiment 7 has brought up to 258MPa from 155MPa.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that; can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to above-described embodiment or equivalent replacement; these do not depart from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, and it all should be encompassed within claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane activeness and quietness matrix material, described method comprises the steps:
1) by mass ratio be 1: 1 ~ 50 Graphene and thermoplastic polymer be dissolved in organic solvent and form spinning solution;
2) graphene thermal thermoplastic polymer spinning solution is inserted in electrostatic spinning machine syringe, under 8 ~ 30kV voltage, on receiving electrode, obtain graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane;
3) go down except organic solvent at the vacuum condition of 50 ~ 100 DEG C, obtain graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane;
4) described graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane paving is overlying between the prepreg of matrix material, vacuumizes under room temperature, obtain described matrix material through 160 ~ 180 DEG C of hot pressing.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 1) described in Graphene be 3 ~ 5 layers.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 1) described in thermoplastic polymer be polyetherketone, polyether-ether-ketone, polyetherimide, polysulfones, polyethersulfone, phenolphthalein modified poly (ether-sulfone), polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide or polymeric amide.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step 1) described in organic solvent be tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethylene dichloride, tetrachloroethane, methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, N, dinethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) described in distance between receiving electrode and emitting electrode be 8 ~ 23cm.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step 2) in the diameter of graphene polymer conjugated fibre that obtains of electrostatic spinning machine be 10 ~ 50nm.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step 3) in the thickness of obtained graphene polymer composite cellulosic membrane be 5 ~ 50 μm, width is 5 ~ 40cm.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) described in matrix material be polymer matrix composites.
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CN106977882A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-25 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of heat-conductive composite material and preparation method thereof |
CN107722595A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-02-23 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of preparation method of the multiple dimensioned composite of graphite fiber olefinic thermoplastic polyarylether |
CN108976792A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-11 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Graphene modified quartz sand lamination high-ductility composite material and preparation method thereof |
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CN110591266A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-20 | 鄂尔多斯市紫荆创新研究院 | Method for preparing graphene oxide EVA rubber by utilizing electrostatic spinning process |
CN112481733A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Graphene polymer composite membrane, modified resin-based composite material thereof and preparation method |
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CN106977882A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-25 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of heat-conductive composite material and preparation method thereof |
CN109575515A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 肖干凤 | A kind of high dielectric constant graphene composite film and preparation method |
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CN110591266A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-20 | 鄂尔多斯市紫荆创新研究院 | Method for preparing graphene oxide EVA rubber by utilizing electrostatic spinning process |
CN112481733A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Graphene polymer composite membrane, modified resin-based composite material thereof and preparation method |
CN113402809A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-17 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | Porous graphene honeycomb core material and preparation method and application thereof |
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