CN105152905A - Method for synthesizing benzoic acid through thioxanthene catalysis under condition of illumination - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing benzoic acid through thioxanthene catalysis under condition of illumination Download PDFInfo
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- CN105152905A CN105152905A CN201510425746.1A CN201510425746A CN105152905A CN 105152905 A CN105152905 A CN 105152905A CN 201510425746 A CN201510425746 A CN 201510425746A CN 105152905 A CN105152905 A CN 105152905A
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- toluene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/255—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting
- C07C51/265—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry and particularly relates to a method for synthesizing benzoic acid through thioxanthene catalysis under the condition of illumination. The method comprises the steps of: adding a raw material, i.e., toluene, a thioxanthene catalyst and a solvent into a reactor; carrying out magnetic-stirring reaction in an air atmosphere at the reacting temperature of 25-100 DEG C; and carrying out reacting for 1-100 hours under the condition of visible-light illumination. According to the method disclosed by the invention, use of reagents, which have high corrosiveness and high toxicity and are liable to produce toxicity, in the traditional synthesis methods are avoided, so that the cleanness of industrial synthesis reaction is improved, the environmental pollution is lowered, and the energy consumption is lowered. According to the method disclosed by the invention, n-butanol is adopted as a reaction catalyst, so that the cost is reduced. The method disclosed by the invention is completed in one step, and the variety of the raw materials used is single, so that the economical efficiency of process is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of synthesizing benzoic acids, especially relating to a kind of is that condition Thiaxanthene catalyzes and synthesizes benzoic method with illumination.
Background technology
Phenylformic acid is flakey or the needle crystal of the smell with benzene or formaldehyde.Fusing point 122.13 DEG C, boiling point 249 DEG C, is slightly soluble in water, is soluble in the organic solvent such as ethanol, ether.Phenylformic acid is used for the production of medicine, dye carrier, softening agent, spices and food preservatives etc., also for the improvement in performance of phthalic resin coating.Phenylformic acid is important acid type food preservatives.Its molecular formula is C
7h
6o
2, relative molecular mass is 122.1214.Benzoic structural formula is:
At present, what the whole world generally adopted is that toluene thermal oxidation method prepares benzoic production technique.This method utilizes heavy metallic salt cobalt or manganese as catalyzer, under the condition of High Temperature High Pressure, realizes being oxidized the carrying out of toluene, and final synthesizing benzoic acids.This method is that Allied chemical company of the U.S. takes the lead in researching and developing successfully, is improved, and go into operation on a large scale in nineteen eighty-three by Italian SNIA viscose glue company.Afterwards, various countries are just at catalyzer composition, and product purification and environmental protection aspect have been carried out some and improved.Integral production technique adopts so far always.What China mainly adopted now is exactly this method.The method needs to adopt heavy metal cobalt or manganese as catalyzer.While causing heavy metal contamination, also add cost.
Along with the development of environmental economy, the drawback without sustainable developability that benzoic traditional production method comes out, to need badly replace by the more friendly method of environment.
Photochemistry, as a new branch of science, has obtained the development of comparatively system in American-European countries.Wherein, the basic theory system of organic photochemistry has been set up.But in China, the development of organic photochemistry is also relatively backward.Illumination and the free radical reaction caused, often can carry out at quite low temperatures, now a lot of side reaction can not occur, a lot of functional group is not that activity is very high or do not participate in photoresponse under light illumination in addition, therefore functional group's tolerance of this reaction will be fine, is more conducive to play a role in complete synthesis work.Photochemical method is used for a lot of reaction, and will no longer need harsh anhydrous and oxygen-free condition, operation is more prone to.In addition, luminous energy is more clean than heating, and save energy, reduces costs, and can reduce pollution that metal reagent brings simultaneously and reduce costs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one to reduce heavy metal contamination, the one reducing production cost is that condition Thiaxanthene catalyzes and synthesizes benzoic method with illumination.
One provided by the invention is that condition Thiaxanthene catalyzes and synthesizes benzoic method with illumination, adopt organic photochemistry method, toluene is under the katalysis of the Thiaxanthene catalyzer excited by illumination, remove a hydrogen atom, generate corresponding benzyl radicals intermediate, benzyl radicals is oxidized to phenyl aldehyde under the oxygenizement of air subsequently, and phenyl aldehyde is oxidised with air to phenylformic acid further.Present invention provides a kind of under illumination condition, the method for C-H bond cleavage and high-selectivity oxidation.
One provided by the invention is that condition Thiaxanthene catalyzes and synthesizes benzoic method with illumination, and concrete steps are: add in reactor by raw material toluene, Thiaxanthene catalyzer and solvent; Magnetic agitation reaction in air atmosphere; Temperature of reaction 40-100 DEG C; 4-100h is reacted under visible ray illumination condition, wherein:
The add-on of catalyzer is the 0.1%-10% of toluene massfraction,
The add-on of solvent is the 1-5 times of volume of toluene.
In the present invention, the add-on of catalyzer is the 2-4% of toluene massfraction, and the add-on of solvent is 2-3 times of volume of toluene.
In the present invention, described reactor is glass reactor, and reactor pressure is normal pressure.
In the present invention, described reactor is connected with spherical condensating tube, allows reaction carry out under the oxidation of air.
In the present invention, described catalyzer is Thiaxanthene.Use catalyzer can improve speed of response, productive rate and selectivity.
In the present invention, described solvent is selected in methylene dichloride, DMF, THF, benzene, acetonitrile, methyl alcohol or Nitromethane 99Min. a kind of, or wherein several mixtures.Preferred acetonitrile and benzene.
In the present invention, preferred technical scheme is: pass into oxygen-containing gas in the reactor, adds catalyzer, adds solvent, catalyzer used is Thiaxanthene, and selected solvent is one or more mixtures in methylene dichloride, DMF, THF, benzene, acetonitrile, methyl alcohol, Nitromethane 99Min..
In the present invention, preferred technical scheme is further: with glass reaction bottle for reaction vessel, air is oxygenant, and temperature of reaction is room temperature, and Thiaxanthene selected by catalyzer, and solvent selects acetonitrile or benzene.
The typical synthesis step of the present invention is as follows: use organic solvent dissolution toluene, then add proper catalyst, pass into air, at ambient pressure stirring reaction 4-100h under illumination condition.Determine through high performance liquid chromatography, raw material toluene reacts completely, rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, calculates phenyl aldehyde and phenylformic acid component concentration separately.
The inventive method has significant advantage compared with traditional technology:
(1) novel method have employed visible ray is energy derive, for the various fine chemicals of industrial preparation provides a kind of brand-new thinking.
(2) inventive process avoids in prior synthesizing method and use highly corrosive, high poison, easily the malicious reagent of system, improves the spatter property of commercial synthesis reaction, reduces environmental pollution, reduce energy consumption.
(3) the inventive method adopts Thiaxanthene as the catalyzer of reaction, reduces cost.
(4) the inventive method one step completes, and the raw material type of use is single, improves the economy of technique.
(5) the inventive method can be selected to complete reaction under normal temperature, normal pressure.Under normal temperature, normal pressure, react the requirement that can reduce conversion unit, reduce conversion unit manufacturing cost and reaction process cost, improve the security of reaction.
(6) the present invention adopts air as oxidant source, further saves cost.
(7) present approach provides a kind of C-H bond efficiently to rupture, and the novel method of high-selectivity oxidation.
Reactor can use glass reactor in laboratory, can use tank reactor or tubular reactor etc. with sheet glass during industrial production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
embodiment 1
In 50mL glass reaction bottle, add 92mg toluene, the solvent acetonitrile of 3 times of volumes, the Thiaxanthene of 10% massfraction, magnetic agitation in air atmosphere, 40 DEG C of temperature, react 100 hours under visible ray illumination.After reaction times reaches, through efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, single product phenylformic acid is only had to generate.Rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, product quality is 68mg, and productive rate is 50%.
embodiment 2
In 50mL glass reaction bottle, add 92mg toluene, the solvent DMF of 5 times of volumes, the Thiaxanthene of 0.1% massfraction, magnetic agitation in air atmosphere, 70 DEG C of temperature, can react under light illumination 50 hours.After reaction times reaches, through efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, single product phenylformic acid is only had to generate.Rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, product quality is 80mg, and productive rate is 66%.
embodiment 3
In 50mL glass reaction bottle, add 92mg toluene, the solvent benzol of 3 times of volumes, the Thiaxanthene of 2% massfraction, magnetic agitation in air atmosphere, 100 DEG C of temperature, react 4 hours under visible ray illumination.After reaction times reaches, through efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, single product phenylformic acid is only had to generate.Rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, product quality is 122mg, and productive rate is 100%.
embodiment 4
In 50mL glass reaction bottle, add 92mg toluene, the methylene chloride of 1 times of volume, the Thiaxanthene of 5% massfraction, magnetic agitation in air atmosphere, 45 DEG C of temperature, react 40 hours under visible ray illumination.After reaction times reaches, through efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, single product phenylformic acid is only had to generate.Rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, product quality is 60mg, and productive rate is 45%.
embodiment 5
In 50mL glass reaction bottle, add 92mg toluene, the solvent THF of 4 times of volumes, the Thiaxanthene of 8% massfraction, magnetic agitation in air atmosphere, 80 DEG C of temperature, can react under light illumination 90 hours.After reaction times reaches, through efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, single product phenylformic acid is only had to generate.Rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, product quality is 70mg, and productive rate is 60%.
embodiment 6
In 50mL glass reaction bottle, add 92mg toluene, the solvent methanol of 3 times of volumes, the Thiaxanthene of 2.5% massfraction, magnetic agitation in air atmosphere, 50 DEG C of temperature, react 47 hours under visible ray illumination.After reaction times reaches, through efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, single product phenylformic acid is only had to generate.Rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, product quality is 50mg, and productive rate is 48%.
embodiment 7
In 50mL glass reaction bottle, add 92mg toluene, the solvent THF of 1 times of volume, the solvent Nitromethane 99Min. of 1 times of volume, the solvent acetonitrile of 1 times of volume, the solvent benzol of 1 times of volume, the Thiaxanthene of 2% massfraction, magnetic agitation in air atmosphere, 60 DEG C of temperature, can react under light illumination 50 hours.After reaction times reaches, through efficient liquid phase chromatographic analysis, single product phenylformic acid is only had to generate.Rotary evaporation in vacuo, column chromatographic isolation and purification, product quality is 77mg, and productive rate is 65%.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. be that condition Thiaxanthene catalyzes and synthesizes a benzoic method with illumination, it is characterized in that concrete steps are: add in reactor by raw material toluene, Thiaxanthene catalyzer and solvent; Magnetic agitation reaction in air atmosphere; Temperature of reaction 40-100 DEG C; 4-100h is reacted under visible ray illumination condition; Wherein: the add-on of Thiaxanthene catalyzer is the 0.1%-10% of toluene massfraction; The add-on of solvent is 1-5 times of volume of toluene.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described reactor is glass reactor, reactor pressure is normal pressure.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described reactor is connected with spherical condensating tube, allows reaction carry out under the oxidation of air.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the add-on of described Thiaxanthene catalyzer is the 2-4% of toluene massfraction, and the add-on of solvent is 2-3 times of volume of toluene.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described solvent is selected in methylene dichloride, DMF, THF, benzene, acetonitrile, methyl alcohol or Nitromethane 99Min. a kind of, or wherein several mixtures.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107805196A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-16 | 复旦大学 | A kind of synthetic method of benzoic acid of the visible ray according under |
| CN107805195A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-16 | 复旦大学 | The preparation method of benzoic acid under a kind of illumination condition |
| CN107805194A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-16 | 复旦大学 | A kind of preparation method of the benzoic acid of 9 thiophene ketone compound for catalysis |
| CN107814696A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-20 | 复旦大学 | A kind of preparation method of benzoic acid |
| CN107827731A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-23 | 复旦大学 | The synthetic method of oxidation generation benzoic acid under a kind of illumination condition |
| CN107879923A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-06 | 复旦大学 | The synthetic method of the benzoic acid of 9 thiophene ketone compound for catalysis under a kind of visible light conditions |
| CN107879924A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-06 | 复旦大学 | The synthetic method of benzoic acid under a kind of illumination condition |
| CN107915618A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-17 | 复旦大学 | A kind of synthetic method of benzoic acid using illumination as 9 thiophene ketone compound for catalysis of condition |
-
2015
- 2015-07-20 CN CN201510425746.1A patent/CN105152905A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107805196A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-16 | 复旦大学 | A kind of synthetic method of benzoic acid of the visible ray according under |
| CN107805195A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-16 | 复旦大学 | The preparation method of benzoic acid under a kind of illumination condition |
| CN107805194A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-16 | 复旦大学 | A kind of preparation method of the benzoic acid of 9 thiophene ketone compound for catalysis |
| CN107814696A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-20 | 复旦大学 | A kind of preparation method of benzoic acid |
| CN107827731A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-23 | 复旦大学 | The synthetic method of oxidation generation benzoic acid under a kind of illumination condition |
| CN107879923A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-06 | 复旦大学 | The synthetic method of the benzoic acid of 9 thiophene ketone compound for catalysis under a kind of visible light conditions |
| CN107879924A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-06 | 复旦大学 | The synthetic method of benzoic acid under a kind of illumination condition |
| CN107915618A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-17 | 复旦大学 | A kind of synthetic method of benzoic acid using illumination as 9 thiophene ketone compound for catalysis of condition |
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