CN105149123B - 一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴 - Google Patents

一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴 Download PDF

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CN105149123B
CN105149123B CN201510652069.7A CN201510652069A CN105149123B CN 105149123 B CN105149123 B CN 105149123B CN 201510652069 A CN201510652069 A CN 201510652069A CN 105149123 B CN105149123 B CN 105149123B
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jet
valve body
feedback channel
chamber
self
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CN105149123A (zh
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邹俊
应泽
吉晨
杨华勇
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3442Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a cone having the same axis as the outlet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid

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  • Details Of Valves (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴,在阀体内的上部开有射流入口,中部开有从小至大圆锥形的振荡腔,下部开有与振荡腔连通的自激振荡腔,射流入口振荡腔与自激振荡腔中心均位于同一轴线上;阀体左侧开有一端与射流入口端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的左回流腔连通的左反馈通道,阀体右侧开有一端与射流入口端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的右回流腔连通的右反馈通道。阀体左侧开有与左反馈通道连通的左毛细气孔,阀体右侧开有与右反馈通道连通的右毛细气孔。本发明通过两种及以上空化形式的组合,在阀体内共振产生更多的气泡,增强了射流喷嘴产生空化的能力,强化了空化射流的对靶体的冲蚀效果。本发明可用于如船只底部或海上采油平台支架清洗。

Description

一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴
技术领域
本发明涉及一种射流喷嘴,尤其涉及一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴。
背景技术
空化射流是在高速水射流技术中,人为地产生并发展这种充满蒸汽的空泡,控制其在目标物上破裂时所产生的局部高压,用来加强其清洗和破碎能力,从而提高其冲蚀性能。许多研究表明,流体中的空泡不仅起到传递能量的作用,而且具有高度聚能作用,在非线性作用的机制下,可以将原来均布在流场中的能量瞬时集中于空泡附近的很小区域。因此提高空化喷嘴产生空泡的能力是增强空化射流冲蚀能力的重要方向。
传统的空化喷嘴分为尾流空化式,剪切式和自激振荡式,均只基于一个作用产生空泡,限制了空化射流的冲蚀能力,延长了其应用中所需的作用时间。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴,通过使用两种及以上空化形式的组合使用,在阀体内由于共振产生了更过的气泡。
为了达到上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
本发明在阀体内的上部开有射流入口,中部开有从小至大圆锥形的振荡腔,下部开有与振荡腔连通的自激振荡腔,射流入口振荡腔与自激振荡腔中心均位于同一轴线上;阀体左侧开有一端与射流入口端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的左回流腔连通的左反馈通道,阀体右侧开有一端与射流入口端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的右回流腔连通的右反馈通道。
所述阀体左侧开有与左反馈通道连通的左毛细气孔,阀体右侧开有与右反馈通道连通的右毛细气孔。
所述圆锥形的振荡腔的圆锥角度为45-60°。
所述左毛细气孔和右毛细气孔孔数为1-2个。
本发明具有的有益的效果是:
本发明与单一的自激振荡喷嘴或尾流空化喷嘴相比,该发明通过使用两种及以上空化形式的组合使用,在阀体内由于共振产生了更多的气泡,增强了射流喷嘴产生空化的能力,强化了空化射流的对靶体的冲蚀效果。本发明可用于如船只底部或海上采油平台支架清洗。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构剖视图。
图中:1、阀体,2、射流入口,3、左反馈通道,4、右反馈通道,5、左毛细气孔,6、右毛细气孔,7、振荡腔,8、左回流腔,9、右回流腔,10、自激振荡腔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示,本发明是在阀体1内的上部开有射流入口2,中部开有从小至大圆锥形的振荡腔7,下部开有与振荡腔连通的自激振荡腔10,射流入口2振荡腔与自激振荡腔10中心均位于同一轴线上;阀体1左侧开有一端与射流入口2端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的左回流腔8连通的左反馈通道3,阀体1右侧开有一端与射流入口2端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的右回流腔9连通的右反馈通道4。左回流腔8和右回流腔9靠近自激振荡腔10的一侧为向外倾斜的斜面。
所述阀体1左侧开有与左反馈通道3连通的左毛细气孔5,阀体1右侧开有与右反馈通道4连通的右毛细气孔6。
所述圆锥形的振荡腔7的圆锥角度为45-60°。
所述左毛细气孔5和右毛细气孔6孔数为1-2个。
本发明的工作原理:
如图1所示,高压流体由射流入口2进入形成主射流,主射流经过左回流腔8斜面和右回流腔9斜面进入左反馈通道3和右反馈通道4形成反馈流。由于附壁效应,主射流可随意地依附在圆锥形的振荡腔7两个侧壁面中的任何一个,来自侧壁面的流束一部分被转向左反馈通道3和右反馈通道4,从而使左反馈通道3和右反馈通道4中的介质扩散,从而经过左反馈通道3和右反馈通道4上口射出并作用于主射流。当反馈流流量由零增至最大值时,是一个完整的循环工作过程,并推动主射流偏向振荡腔7另一侧,开始了另一个反馈循环。如此循环往复,主射流中就会有一小部分分流在左反馈通道3和右反馈通道4中来回振荡,使阀体内形成压力脉动,增强射流的空化作用。同时阀体出口采用自激振荡腔10的模式,当流体通过的自激振荡腔10出口收缩截面时产生压力激振,此压力激振会反馈到自激振荡腔10入口处与来流的压力脉冲迭加,形成驻波;当激振频率与射流本身的频率相匹配时就会产生共振。共振时在射流中产生高强度的涡流环,因而有效地产生了空化。左反馈通道3和右反馈通道4上开有左毛细孔5和右毛细孔6,由于毛细效应,会有空气进入反馈通道从而增加射流中的气泡含量,进一步增强空化能力。

Claims (3)

1.一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴,其特征在于:在阀体(1)内的上部开有射流入口(2),中部开有从小至大圆锥形的振荡腔(7),下部开有与振荡腔连通的自激振荡腔(10),射流入口(2)振荡腔与自激振荡腔(10)中心均位于同一轴线上;阀体(1)左侧开有一端与射流入口(2)端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的左回流腔(8)连通的左反馈通道(3),阀体(1)右侧开有一端与射流入口(2)端部连通,另一端与振荡腔底部的右回流腔(9)连通的右反馈通道(4);
当流体通过的自激振荡腔(10)出口收缩截面时产生压力激振,此压力激振会反馈到自激振荡腔(10)入口处与来流的压力脉冲迭加,形成驻波;当激振频率与射流本身的频率相匹配时就会产生共振,共振时在射流中产生高强度的涡流环,因而有效产生空化;
所述阀体(1)左侧开有与左反馈通道(3)连通的左毛细气孔(5),阀体(1)右侧开有与右反馈通道(4)连通的右毛细气孔(6);由于毛细效应,会有空气进入反馈通道从而增加射流中的气泡含量,增强空化能力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴,其特征在于:所述圆锥形的振荡腔(7)的圆锥角为45-60°。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种水下裂蚀射流喷嘴,其特征在于:所述左毛细气孔(5)和右毛细气孔(6)孔数为1-2个。
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CN106517412B (zh) * 2016-12-21 2022-08-30 武汉大学 一种强剪切式中心射流空化发生器
CN107626463B (zh) * 2017-10-25 2023-08-04 西南交通大学 一种基于主动控制的空化射流清洗喷嘴及系统
CN109956520A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2019-07-02 江苏科技大学 一种复合结构的两级空化发生器
CN110102416B (zh) * 2019-05-05 2024-03-26 西南石油大学 一种振荡自吸喷嘴
CN110559895A (zh) * 2019-09-20 2019-12-13 中南大学 振荡射流式微纳米气泡发生装置
CN110668522A (zh) * 2019-10-17 2020-01-10 中南大学 微纳米气泡发生装置和含油废水的微纳米气泡处理方法
CN111623505B (zh) * 2020-05-25 2022-03-15 太原理工大学 一种自激振荡射流式增混换热出风装置

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