CN105147376A - 一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统 - Google Patents

一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统 Download PDF

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CN105147376A
CN105147376A CN201510657999.1A CN201510657999A CN105147376A CN 105147376 A CN105147376 A CN 105147376A CN 201510657999 A CN201510657999 A CN 201510657999A CN 105147376 A CN105147376 A CN 105147376A
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尹庆水
程顺巧
张培发
马向阳
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GUANGZHOU JUSHENG BIOTECHNOLOGY CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，该系统由复位钢板和骨钉组成，钢板整体为三边进行圆弧处理的类等腰三角形，钢板三个顶角位置分别有通孔，顶部通孔轴线与钢板外侧面成50°夹角，底部两通孔轴线与钢板外侧面成85°夹角，底部中轴线斜通孔与钢板外侧面成25°夹角，钢板内侧面靠近顶部位置是一向内倾斜12°的斜面。用于顶部通孔的螺钉为“强拉力(深螺纹)长粗螺钉”，用于底部两通孔的头部为球形状，且外侧带有细螺纹的骨钉，底部中轴线直抵顶部螺钉的拉力加固骨钉。该系统的特殊设计能使钢板充分地贴合在椎体外表面上，采用斜角进钉，利于前路从下方向后上方钻孔置钉等操作，可使骨钉最大深度地打入骨质内部，增加骨钉的牢固程度。

Description

一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复位内固定钢板系统，尤其是一种用于治疗颈椎的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统。
背景技术
人体脊柱由于各种因素如遗传、创伤、肿瘤以及退行性病变等常会导致椎间盘突出而引起肢体疼痛和其他神经症状。针对上述病症，采用外科内固定手术是目前医学的常用治疗方法。目前，颈椎前路钢板广泛应用于颈椎椎间盘和椎体切除椎体重建的内固定系统，它能固定植骨块，在术中起即时稳定，术后长期稳定的效果，可促进重建椎体的融合，维持人体颈椎的生理曲线。
现有的颈椎前路钢板设计已趋于成熟，能很好地固定于骨板，各种锁定装置都能有效地防止钢板的退钉现象，骨钉的特殊设计也能解决在骨质中固定不牢的问题，而针对椎体解剖结构的特殊性，各类钢板也在一定程度上做了不同的调整，如将钢板进行弯曲，以符合椎体的生理曲度，提高植入的贴合效果，将钢板尽量做薄，以防止钢板对神经及血管组织的压迫等都是设计上的进步。而针对不同节段的特殊结构设计配套专属的钢板系统也陆续出现，但到目前为止，还没有一款钢板系统专门为C2-C3节段而设计。人体C2椎体往往会向前脱位，而从后方复位手术危险系数大且操作较为困难，所以一般采用从前方入路进行复位术，前方入路则存在术中C2-C3节段由于下颌骨的阻挡导致显露空间有限这一尴尬现象，现有的钢板系统操作置入时都不能很好地解决或避开以上问题，手术难度大，且术后的使用效果不理想。
发明内容
为了解决现有内固定钢板存在上述所述的缺陷，本发明提供了一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，该系统不仅具备常规钢板及骨钉的固定效果，还能针对C2-C3节段的特殊解剖结构进行最理想的骨面贴合、钉道加深和骨钉加固效果。
本发明可通过以下技术手段加以实现：一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述系统由复位钢板和强拉力长粗骨钉、球形头骨钉以及拉力加固骨钉组成，所述复位钢板整体为三边进行圆弧处理的类等腰三角形，所述复位钢板三个顶角位置分别设置有顶部斜通孔，顶部斜通孔轴线与复位钢板外侧面成50°夹角，所述复位钢板底部还设置有两个底部通孔，所述两个底部通孔轴线与复位钢板外侧面成85°夹角，所述复位钢板底部中轴线还设置有拉力加固骨钉斜通孔，拉力加固骨钉斜通孔与复位钢板外侧面成25°夹角。
进一步地，所述复位钢板顶部内侧有一向内倾斜12°的斜面，该斜面与所述复位钢板顶部外侧形成平行的下弯头部。
进一步地，所述复位钢板底部两通孔内侧为漏斗状，且壁上带有螺纹。
进一步地，所述强拉力长粗骨钉、球形头骨钉以及拉力加固骨钉中，用于顶部斜通孔的骨钉为强拉力长粗骨钉，用于两个底部通孔的为球形头骨钉，用于拉力加固骨钉斜通孔的为拉力加固骨钉。
进一步地，所述强拉力长粗骨、球形头骨钉以及拉力加固骨钉在螺纹外侧顶部沿螺纹旋转方向均开有刃槽，在螺纹起始处均有沿中心轴均匀分布的三个刃口。
进一步地，所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述球形头骨钉的头部外侧带有细螺纹。
通过本发明的上述技术手段，颈2-3前路复位钢板系统在保证具有普通颈椎内固定钢板的固定植骨块，在术中起即时稳定，术后长期稳定效果，促进重建椎体的融合，维持人体颈椎的生理曲线等各种性能前提下，能更好地针对C2-C3节段的特殊解剖结构进行最理想的骨面贴合和钉道加深，提高固定复位效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统立体图。
图2是本发明所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统侧视图。
图3是本发明所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板主视图。
图4是本发明所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板侧面剖视图。
图5是本发明所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板阶梯剖面图。
图6是本发明所述的强拉力长粗骨钉主视图。
图7是本发明所述的球形头部骨钉主视图。
图8是本发明所述的底部中轴线拉力加固骨钉主视图。
图中，1——复位钢板，2——强拉力长粗骨钉，3——球形头骨钉，4——拉力加固骨钉，5——顶部斜通孔，6——底部通孔，7——拉力加固骨钉斜通孔，8——斜面，9——骨钉螺纹顶部刃槽，10——骨钉螺纹起始处刃口，11——球形头骨钉头部外侧细螺纹。
具体实施方式
一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述系统由复位钢板1和强拉力长粗骨钉2、球形头骨钉3以及拉力加固骨钉4组成，所述复位钢板1整体为三边进行圆弧处理的类等腰三角形，所述复位钢板1三个顶角位置分别设置有顶部斜通孔5，顶部斜通孔5轴线与复位钢板1外侧面成50°夹角，所述复位钢板1底部还设置有两个底部通孔6，所述两个底部通孔6轴线与复位钢板1外侧面成85°夹角，所述复位钢板1底部中轴线还设置有拉力加固骨钉斜通孔7，拉力加固骨钉斜通孔7与复位钢板1外侧面成25°夹角。
本实施例中，所述复位钢板1顶部内侧有一向内倾斜12°的斜面8，该斜面8与所述复位钢板1顶部外侧形成平行的下弯头部。
本实施例中，所述复位钢板1底部两通孔内侧为漏斗状，且壁上带有螺纹。
本实施例中，所述强拉力长粗骨钉2、球形头骨钉3以及拉力加固骨钉4中，用于顶部斜通孔5的骨钉为强拉力长粗骨钉2，用于两个底部通孔6的为球形头骨钉3，用于拉力加固骨钉斜通孔7的为拉力加固骨钉4。
本实施例中，所述强拉力长粗骨钉2、球形头骨钉3以及拉力加固骨钉4在螺纹外侧顶部沿螺纹旋转方向均开有刃槽9，在螺纹起始处均有沿中心轴均匀分布的三个刃口10。
本实施例中，所述球形头骨钉3的头部外侧带有细螺纹11。
所述顶部骨钉打入时，骨钉轴线与钢板外侧面成50°夹角，易于操作(显露钻孔、置钉)，能使骨钉打入骨质部分的螺纹段加长，增加骨钉的抓紧力。
所述底部两骨钉头部球形设计，方便拧入骨钉时对骨钉进行不同方向的角度微调。
所述底部中轴线的拉力加固骨钉，能辅助顶部骨钉的固定效果，打入时逼近顶部骨钉尖端，但不产生干涉。
C2椎体往往向前脱位，此系统的设计即从椎体前方向后方推压使C2椎体复位；钢板的上端缩窄和采用斜进一枚骨钉的设计，意在解决术中C2平面有下颌骨阻挡，钢板系统置入困难所造成的尴尬局面，使术者能避开下颌骨阻挡而利于操作；下方中间的斜形拉力加固骨钉设计，意在使其跨过两个椎体而形成椎体间的拉力作用，同时，使C2椎体增加一骨钉以防止钢板产生旋转现象和增强椎体间的拉力以达到加压效果。
经椎C2-C3复位重建术中，按照常规前路方式对C2-C3进行复位重建，随后将所述钢板贴合在C2-C3节段的理想固定位置，利用定位针或钻头按照钢板上的通孔进行钉孔定位打点及钻孔，所述的骨钉均有自攻能力，故而可不用攻丝，即可直接拧入骨钉。
将所述骨钉按照相应位置拧入，“强拉力长粗螺钉”置于骨板顶部的斜通孔，用力拧入，直至骨钉可自行固定于骨板内；头部为球形带细螺纹的骨钉则置于骨板底部的两个通孔，调整骨钉的进入角度，用力拧入，直至骨钉可自行固定于骨板内；拉力加固骨钉则置于底部中轴线斜通孔，用力拧入，直至骨钉可自行固定于骨板内。再分别拧紧各骨钉，在骨钉即将拧紧时可分多次逐渐拧紧各骨钉，使得每个骨钉的承载压力一致。
至此，则完成颈2-3前路复位钢板系统的植入。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述系统由复位钢板(1)和强拉力长粗骨钉(2)、球形头骨钉(3)以及拉力加固骨钉(4)组成，所述复位钢板(1)整体为三边进行圆弧处理的类等腰三角形，所述复位钢板(1)三个顶角位置分别设置有顶部斜通孔(5)，顶部斜通孔(5)轴线与复位钢板(1)外侧面成50°夹角，所述复位钢板(1)底部还设置有两个底部通孔(6)，所述两个底部通孔(6)轴线与复位钢板(1)外侧面成85°夹角，所述复位钢板(1)底部中轴线还设置有拉力加固骨钉斜通孔(7)，拉力加固骨钉斜通孔(7)与复位钢板(1)外侧面成25°夹角。
2.根据权利要求1所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述复位钢板(1)顶部内侧有一向内倾斜12°的斜面(8)，该斜面(8)与所述复位钢板(1)顶部外侧形成平行的下弯头部。
3.根据权利要求1所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述复位钢板(1)底部两通孔内侧为漏斗状，且壁上带有螺纹。
4.根据权利要求1所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述强拉力长粗骨钉(2)、球形头骨钉(3)以及拉力加固骨钉(4)中，用于顶部斜通孔(5)的骨钉为强拉力长粗骨钉(2)，用于两个底部通孔(6)的为球形头骨钉(3)，用于拉力加固骨钉斜通孔(7)的为拉力加固骨钉(4)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述强拉力长粗骨钉(2)、球形头骨钉(3)以及拉力加固骨钉(4)在螺纹外侧顶部沿螺纹旋转方向均开有刃槽(9)，在螺纹起始处均有沿中心轴均匀分布的三个刃口(10)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的颈2-3前路复位钢板系统，其特征在于：所述球形头骨钉(3)的头部外侧带有细螺纹(11)。
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