CN105141960B - A kind of method that information transfer is carried out based on JPEG2000 compressed bit streams - Google Patents
A kind of method that information transfer is carried out based on JPEG2000 compressed bit streams Download PDFInfo
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- CN105141960B CN105141960B CN201510337093.1A CN201510337093A CN105141960B CN 105141960 B CN105141960 B CN 105141960B CN 201510337093 A CN201510337093 A CN 201510337093A CN 105141960 B CN105141960 B CN 105141960B
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Abstract
The present invention it is a kind of based on JPEG2000 compressed bit streams carry out information transfer method, this method can in the compressed data of various image difference compression multiples embedding information, do not increase data volume, do not change JPEG2000 compressed formats, do not influence normally to decompress.Receiving terminal can recover information, can also recover carrier image.In the case where not increasing channel resource, the data volume of transmission is added, improves the efficiency of transmission of data transmission system.The present invention may be such that the ratio between the hiding information content of compression domain and compression domain total amount of data reach desired ratio such as 1/16,1/8,1/4,1/2; if compressing 4 times relative to original data volume ratio be 1/64,1/32,1/16,1/8; and information data can normally be recovered; Y-PSNR between carrier image and original image is in more than 30dB; PSNR is lost within 1dB to several dB, does not influence the normal use of image.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of that information is embedded in what is be transmitted in the picture the present invention relates to a kind of method of Image Communication
Method, belong to communication (such as data communication technology) field.
Background technology
Current society is the society of an information, and the safety problem of information (counts into increasingly urgent problems, Information hiding
According to hide) be information security an important branch, secret information is embedded into carrier by it using the visual redundancy of the mankind, from
And reach the purpose of safe transmission secret information.Information hiding is generally regarded as being a communication process, and its input is to be passed
Defeated secret data, what is transmitted in channel is disclosed carrier data, and what is received is then the carrier number for being concealed with secret information
According to.
With the development of science and technology, the high efficiency of transmission of view data and the safety of transmission become more and more important.Pass through letter
Breath, which hides (also referred to as image watermarking) technology, can accomplish in the case where not changing image size, in the picture embedded secret letter
Breath, so as to realize the transmission of secret information and image.On the other hand, for remote sensing images, medical image and law image etc.
The carrier image after secret information is extracted is asked to recover as far as possible.At present, data compression method is widely used, except JPEG
Outside compression method, also JPEG2000 compression methods.JPEG2000 compression methods are newest International compression standards, original image
After JPEG2000 data compressions, compressed bit stream is formd, the compressed bit stream is transmitted, and receiving terminal is carried out to the code stream
Decompression, original image is recovered, recovered there is certain distortion between image and original image, as long as this distortion is being permitted
Perhaps can meets to require in the range of.
Existing JPEG2000 is combined the technology of aspect with Information hiding, mainly first right before transmission is hidden
JPEG2000 compressed datas carry out partial decompressing, and Information hiding is carried out in wavelet conversion coefficient or takes other method,
Hidden capacity is not fixed, otherwise the additional information needed is more.The processing such as inverse transformation that need not be complicated, directly to compressed code
Stream, which carries out processing, can complete Information hiding, and receiving terminal is recovered no longer to need it completely according to the code stream can received
His auxiliary information.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind is based on JPEG2000 compressed bit streams
The method for carrying out information transfer, this method are analyzed by JPEG2000 Image in Compressed Domain data characteristicses, are produced to hide and are replaced
Particular location, then Information hiding to be transmitted is preferentially transmitted in this compression domain data field, receiving end can completely it is extensive
Complex information, also it can recover carrier image by PSNR requirements.
Technical scheme：A kind of method that information transfer is carried out based on JPEG2000 compressed bit streams, step are as follows：
1) JPEG2000 is compressed the bit stream data A after R times with every 8 bit, one group of formation byte data, obtains a dimension
Group, byte total length are L；The formatted data area F and compression numeric field data gone out by type flags in JPEG2000 compressed bit stream data A
Area D, to compressed bit stream data A carry out R times decompress after obtain image X；
2) according to the Information Hiding Capacity of K bytes, wherein K<L, from L data d (L) in the D of compression domain data field, d (L-
1) ... ... d (3), in d (2), d (1) according at equal intervals, random site sampling method select K data, obtain n kinds and select method S1,
S2 ... Sn, n≤16；Specifically choosing method is：Arranged forward since data field D rearmost positions d (1), last position is
D (1), then from L-1 data d (L), d (L-1), d (3), K-1 are chosen from back to front in d (2), the first selects method corresponding data
Last several be ... d (3), d (2), d (1), it is other optionally；It is that n is with 2 that n kinds, which select bit number corresponding to method S1, S2 ... Sn,
The logarithm at bottom；
3) arrangement of m kinds is chosen from above-mentioned n kinds, m≤n, information byte length is K；Put with K byte informations to be transmitted
Data after unrest, the K data byte that above-mentioned m kinds select compression domain data field corresponding to method is replaced respectively；M kinds are selected corresponding to method
Compressed bit stream of the m kinds containing information carries out R times and decompressed, and calculates the Y-PSNR of image and image X after the first decompression
PSNR1, such as meet regulation signal-noise ratio threshold requirement, then the formatted data of compressed bit stream data is replaced with its position sequence bit value
4 vacant bit positions, obtain data flow containing Information Compression in area F；Otherwise image after each width of calculated for subsequent decompresses is continued
With image X Y-PSNR PSNR2 ... PSNRm, and one kind of maximum is selected in m Y-PSNR, write down sequence number value
4 vacant bit positions, are obtained in p, the formatted data area F of position sequence bit value replacement compressed bit stream data corresponding to p value
To data flow containing Information Compression；
4) compressed data stream containing information is transmitted；
5) compressed data stream containing information of reception is handled, obtains the JPEG2000 compressed data codes of receiving terminal
Stream；It is decompressed simultaneously, obtained image is as the raw image data A1 recovered；
6) sequence number value p extractions are carried out to the information flow of reception, be engaged in the S1----Sn tables first known corresponding by sequence number value p
Position carry out information extraction, line shuffle of going forward side by side, obtain hiding information data；
7) information byte of sequence number value p correspondence positions is replaced with the average value of adjacent 2 bytes, obtained original
JPEG2000 compressed bit streams；It is decompressed simultaneously, obtained image is as the raw image data A2 recovered；
8) the raw image data A1 and A2 of recovery are merged to obtain original of the width new images as final recovery
Beginning view data A3, wherein A3=a*A1+b*A2；Wherein a+b=1, and a, b are the arithmetic number between 0 to 1.
The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is：
Arbitrary data information is embedded in JPEG2000 compressed bit stream carriers and passed by the present invention using Information Hiding Techniques
Defeated, receiving terminal can correctly extract the information carried, and high quality resume initial carrier image from compressed bit stream carrier data.
In the case where not changing compressed bit stream form and speed, the information of certain capacity can be transmitted wherein.Utilize the side of the present invention
Method improves the utilization rate of Data transfer system, and information embarkation transmission can be carried out in the JPEG2000 compressed bit streams of arbitrary image.
It is of the invention to have these points substantive different and progressive compared with current background technology：
(1) hiding information method is obtained by decompression or partial decompressing in JPEG2000 compressed bit streams at present
The method that data after to wavelet transformation are hidden again, and the method that the present invention adopts proposition shifts to wavelet field without inversion.
(2) needs that there is hiding information method in current JPEG2000 compressed bit streams recompress after hiding, to original pressure
Data volume is constant after contracting code stream has a great influence, and the inventive method is hidden, without compression.
(3) method proposed by the invention is entered according to formatted data area in JPEG2000 compression standards and compression domain data field
The different processing of row, neither influences compressed bit stream form, nor affects on the quality that final decompression recovers image.
(4) if the data transmitted after method hiding data proposed by the invention directly decompress, picture quality phase is recovered
Decreased for artwork, serve the effect of " hidden image real quality ", if the data hidden in advance according to form area
Pre-processed and carry out JPEG2000 decompressions again, the picture quality of recovery is with regard to much better.
(5) capacity of hiding (carrying) information of method proposed by the invention can make fixed, PSNR as needed
There is different size, different images quality requirement can be met.
(6) (carrying) method of hiding proposed by the invention selects N number of data to be hidden from L data, arrangement group
Conjunction number is more, and specific stowed position is arranged in advance, and others is difficult to know, therefore has the guarantor of stowed position while hiding
Close property and anti-intercepting and capturing.
(7) technical solution of the present invention is unique, and implementation complexity hides side less than current conventional spatial domain, transform domain information
Method, practicality greatly improve.
(8) method proposed by the invention hide (carryings) information capacity if not too greatly, it is also an option that a kind
(not having to n kinds), execution time can substantially reduce, about original 1/n, can thus greatly improve software and hardware and perform speed
Degree.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention figure.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In order to verify set forth herein algorithm performance, 8 bit greys that size is 512 × 512 are employed in emulation experiment
The compressed data stream A that degree image X compresses 4 times of formation with JPEG2000 carries out information transfer with recovering, A byte number L=512*
128 bytes.
Information byte is：K bytes, arbitrary data：Produced in emulation with random number.Hidden capacity is K bytes, compression domain phase
To capacity K/ (512*128), corresponding original graph image field relative capacity K/ (512*512)
If hidden capacity is K=2048 bytes, compression domain relative capacity 2048/ (512*128)=1/32, corresponding original graph
Image field relative capacity K/ (512*512)=1/128.
A kind of method that information transfer is carried out based on JPEG2000 compressed bit streams, is comprised the following steps that：
1) JPEG2000 is compressed the bit stream data A after 4 times with every 8 bit, one group of formation byte data, obtains a dimension
Group, byte total length are L, the formatted data area F and compression numeric field data gone out by type flags in JPEG2000 compressed bit stream data A
Area D, image X is obtained after 4 times of decompressions are carried out to bit stream data A, size quantifies for 512 × 512,8bit；
2) according to the Information Hiding Capacity of K=2048 bytes, wherein K<L, from L data d in the D of compression domain data field
(L), d (L-1) ... in d (3), d (2), d (1) according at equal intervals, random site sampling method select K=2048 data word
Section, obtain n kinds and select method S1, S2 ... Sn, n to be no more than 16.It is characterised by arranging forward since data field D rearmost positions d (1),
Last position is d (1), then chooses K-1 from back to front from L-1 data d (L), d (L-1) ... ... d (3), d (2),
The first selects the last of method corresponding data several to be ... d (3), d (2), d (1), it is other optionally；
It is that n with 2 logarithms for being bottom, N=2 has 2 bits that n kinds, which select bit number corresponding to method S1, S2 ... Sn, and n=8 has 3
Bit, n=16 have 4 bits from 0000 to 1111；
If the first is S1, second is S2, the like.
S1:Arrangement 1, corresponding data is last several to be ... d (3), d (2), d (1)；
S2:Arrangement 2, corresponding data is last several to be ... d (5), d (3), d (1)；
S3 arrangements 3, corresponding data is last several to be ... d (7), d (4), d (1)；
S4:Arrangement 4, corresponding data is last several to be ... d (4), d (2), d (1)；
S5:Arrangement 5, corresponding data is last several to be ... d (5), d (2), d (1)；
S6:Arrangement 6, corresponding data is last several to be ... d (10), d (2), d (1)；
S7-S16:, the like, K data byte is chosen since d (1)；
3) arrangement of m kinds is chosen from above-mentioned n kinds, m≤n, information byte length is K；Put with K byte informations to be transmitted
Data after unrest, the K data byte that above-mentioned m kinds select compression domain data field corresponding to method is replaced respectively；M kinds are selected corresponding to method
Compressed bit stream of the m kinds containing information carries out R times and decompressed, and calculates the Y-PSNR of image and image X after the first decompression
PSNR1, such as meet regulation signal-noise ratio threshold requirement, then the formatted data of compressed bit stream data is replaced with its position sequence bit value
4 vacant bit positions, obtain data flow containing Information Compression in area F；Otherwise image after each width of calculated for subsequent decompresses is continued
With image X Y-PSNR PSNR2 ... PSNRm, and one kind of maximum is selected in m Y-PSNR, write down sequence number value
4 vacant bit positions, are obtained in p, the formatted data area F of position sequence bit value replacement compressed bit stream data corresponding to p value
To data flow containing Information Compression.Wherein m=8, first place can be expressed as 0111 for 0,8；During m=1, only take in 1；
4) compressed data stream containing information is transmitted；
5) compressed data stream containing information of reception is handled, obtains the JPEG2000 compressed data codes of receiving terminal
Stream；It is decompressed simultaneously, obtained image is as the raw image data A1 recovered；
6) sequence number value p extractions are carried out to the information flow of reception, be engaged in the S1--S16 tables first known corresponding by sequence number value p
Position carry out information extraction, line shuffle of going forward side by side, obtain hiding information data；
7) the information byte d (t) of sequence number value p correspondence positions is entered with adjacent 2 byte d (t-1), d (t+1) average value
Row is replaced, and obtains original JPEG2000 compressed bit streams.It is decompressed simultaneously, obtained image is as the original image recovered
Data A2；
8) the raw image data A1 and A2 of recovery are merged to obtain a width new images original as what is finally recovered
View data A3, wherein A3=a*A1+b*A2, a+b=1, a, b are the arithmetic number between 0 to 1.
In practice if only needing 1 width image A1, a=1, b=0 are taken；Also a=b=1/2, a=3/4, b=1/4 be can use
Deng changing a, b values can adjust visual quality of images, meet different needs；
The present invention may be such that the ratio between the hiding information content of compression domain and compression domain total amount of data reach desired ratio such as 1/
128th, 1/64,1/32,1/16,1/8,1/4,1/2, as compression 4 times if relative to original data volume ratio be 1/512,1/
256th, 1/128,1/64,1/32,1/16,1/8, and information data can normally be recovered, between carrier image and original image
Y-PSNR is lost within 1dB to several dB in more than 30dB, PSNR, does not influence the normal use of image.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method that information transfer is carried out based on JPEG2000 compressed bit streams, it is characterised in that step is as follows：1) JPEG2000 is compressed the bit stream data A after R times with every 8 bit, one group of formation byte data, obtains one-dimension array, word Section total length is L；The formatted data area F and compression domain data field D gone out by type flags in JPEG2000 compressed bit stream data A, To compressed bit stream data A carry out R times decompress after obtain image X；2) according to the Information Hiding Capacity of K bytes, wherein K<L, from L data d (L) in the D of compression domain data field, d (L- 1) ... ... d (3), in d (2), d (1) according at equal intervals, random site sampling method select K data, obtain n kinds and select method S1, S2 ... Sn, n≤16；Specifically choosing method is：Arranged forward since data field D rearmost positions d (1), last position is D (1), then choose K-1 from back to front from L-1 data d (L), d (L-1) ... ... d (3), d (2), the first selects method corresponding The last of data several be ... d (3), d (2), d (1), it is other optionally；It is n's that n kinds, which select bit number corresponding to method S1, S2 ... Sn, With 2 for bottom logarithm；3) arrangement of m kinds is chosen from above-mentioned n kinds, m≤n, information byte length is K；After entering line shuffle with K byte informations to be transmitted Data, replace the K data byte that above-mentioned m kinds select compression domain data field corresponding to method respectively；M kinds corresponding to method are selected to m kinds Compressed bit stream containing information carries out R times and decompressed, and calculates the Y-PSNR PSNR1 of image and image X after the first decompression, Such as meet regulation signal-noise ratio threshold requirement, then in the formatted data area F that compressed bit stream data are replaced with its position sequence bit value 4 vacant bit positions, obtain data flow containing Information Compression；Otherwise image and image after each width of calculated for subsequent decompresses are continued X Y-PSNR PSNR2 ... PSNRm, and maximum one kind is selected in m Y-PSNR, sequence number value p is write down, uses p 4 vacant bit positions, are obtained containing letter in the formatted data area F of position sequence bit value replacement compressed bit stream data corresponding to value Cease compressed data stream；4) compressed data stream containing information is transmitted；5) compressed data stream containing information of reception is handled, obtains the JPEG2000 compressed data code streams of receiving terminal；Together When it is decompressed, obtained image as recover raw image data A1；6) sequence number value p extractions are carried out to the information flow of reception, is engaged in the S1----Sn tables first known the position as corresponding to sequence number value p Carry out information extraction is put, line shuffle of going forward side by side, obtains hiding information data；7) information byte of sequence number value p correspondence positions is replaced with the average value of adjacent 2 bytes, obtained original JPEG2000 compressed bit streams；It is decompressed simultaneously, obtained image is as the raw image data A2 recovered；8) the raw image data A1 and A2 of recovery are merged to obtain original graph of the width new images as final recovery As data A3, wherein A3=a*A1+b*A2；Wherein a+b=1, and a, b are the arithmetic number between 0 to 1.
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| CN112055217B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-05-24 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Method for carrying information in any byte data without loss |
| CN113542377B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2024-04-19 | 中科亿海微电子科技（苏州）有限公司 | Method and system for downloading different format code streams to FPGA |
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