CN105140902A - External mobile type lighting protection system - Google Patents
External mobile type lighting protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105140902A CN105140902A CN201510486688.3A CN201510486688A CN105140902A CN 105140902 A CN105140902 A CN 105140902A CN 201510486688 A CN201510486688 A CN 201510486688A CN 105140902 A CN105140902 A CN 105140902A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an external mobile type lighting protection system. The external mobile type lighting protection system is mainly used for lighting protection of electric power overhead lines. The external mobile type lighting protection system comprises a lighting conducting system, an insulation matching system, an incidence releasing system and a ground impendence matching system; the lighting conducting system is low-impedance channel electric-discharge tip points for weakening and eliminating guide potential of thunder and lighting; the insulation matching system reduces and shortens distribution voltage and time of duration of thunder and lighting applied to a protected system; the incidence releasing system is for releasing impact wave head of thunder and lighting, reducing incident voltage of thunder and lighting, and restraining neutral point displacement voltage of power grids; the ground impendence matching system is matched with the lighting conducting system, the insulation matching system and the incidence releasing system separately through a multi-circuit-branch low-impendence channel. According to the external mobile type lighting protection system, by destroying the generation conditions of thunder and lighting, strong direct stroke, strong induction, strong reaction and ball lighting are not generated from thunder and lighting; power cutoff accidents can be greatly reduced, so that direct and indirect losses are reduced; and safeguard for power supply reliability for important electric transmission lines for large and medium-size enterprises is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power system protection field, be specifically related to a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system.
Background technology
So far, shocking preventing technology mainly 35KV and the above circuit installing overhead ground wire of power overhead network, stand institute's installing lightning rod and conventional lightning arrester.10KV and following electric pressure circuit do not configure overhead ground wire, only configure conventional lightning arrester, stand configured conventional lightning arrester and lightning rod.Mainly there is following problem in existing Lightning Protection on Power Transmission Lines:
1) when the descending electric discharge of thundercloud, the lightning current of general energy can be imported the earth by overhead ground wire, thus reaches the object that protection circuit attacks directly from thunder and lightning.Also important function has been played in actual motion.But then there is two problems in area with more lightning activities and strong minefield:
One is to prevent shielding thunder and lightning.Because shielding thunder and lightning mostly is branch's ebb-flow discharge result, traffic direction mostly is horizontal or oblique, can bypass lightning conducter and directly hits wire.When streamer capitiform becomes intensive charge-site disengaging branch's streamer, (being commonly referred to " ball thunder ") current potential is higher, the direction of motion is more irregular, often hit wire or pass between lightning rod, hitting the station outdoor bus of institute and equipment, thunderbolt power-off or damage equipment accident occur;
Two is when being struck by lightning lightning conducter or tower top, if intensity is large, even if earth resistance is very little, because ground network abrupt release is limited in one's ability, spread voltage is still higher instantaneously, and counterattack circuit punctures insulator, causes disconnection fault.
2) insulation coordinating margin of circuit and station institute lightning arrester is low, and through-current capability is little.The spread voltage inhibition be applied on equipment thunder and lightning is poor.For 10kV lightning arrester, Transmission Line Arrestor residual voltage value is generally 50kV, and insulation coordinating margin is approximately the through-flow 100A of zero, 2ms square wave.When lightning current reaches thousands of or tens thousand of ampere or be larger, lightning voltage must be extended and be applied to duration on equipment, endanger apparatus insulated.Recurrently apparatus insulatedly to puncture, punctured apparatus insulated while Analyse of Reject-acting Arrester or lightning arrestor movement.
3) overhead transmission line shaft tower earth resistance is excessive or too smallly all become thunderbolt select target.Because single devices is different from colony equipment, earth resistance is large, then the spread voltage of thunder and lightning on shaft tower or equipment is high, and the duration is long, endangers apparatus insulated, easily counterattack damage insulator.The shaft tower that earth resistance is little easily becomes thunderbolt select target.Once become target of being struck by lightning by force, the consequence of line insulator can be punctured equally.
4) when occurring in strong induction lightening on wire or thunderbolt wire, lightning arrester can only be leaned on to discharge lightning current, resistance because of lightning arrester itself is mega-ohms, therefore abundant not to the release of lightning impulse wave head, and generation shock head is turned back superposition problem by two ends shock wave.Although have point of release to alleviate, but still problem may occur.In actual motion, this type of accident has generation more.
Summary of the invention
The application according to thundercloud discharge various features and thunder and lightning to the various infringement forms of overhead transmission line, what configure moving-out type lightning protection in protected district leads sudden strain of a muscle system, incident delivery system, insulation coordination system and grounding impedance match system, to set up the mode of impedance path and increasing pre-arcing amount, cut down the first conductive bit of thundercloud to below 1KV/cm, closed protection is formed to all multi-lines in protected district, make it that low latitude not occur closely to launch a surprise attack, thus reach and thoroughly eliminate thunderbolt, tetanicly to hit, the object of strong induction and strong counterattack, realize the safe operation of overhead transmission line.Concrete technical scheme is as follows.
The application provides a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system, and it comprises sudden strain of a muscle system of leading, insulation coordination system, incident delivery system and grounding impedance match system; Described sudden strain of a muscle system of leading is impedance path discharge tip end points, transformation lightning strike selectivity and randomness, adapts to guide anti-electric in advance, abatement lightning leader current potential; Described insulation coordination system refers to the insulation coordination of lightning overvoltage, shortens thunder and lightning and is applied to spread voltage in protected system and duration; Described incident delivery system refers to release lightning impulse wave head, reduces thunder and lightning incident voltage, suppresses neutral point of electric network displacement voltage; Described grounding impedance match system changes lightning strike selectivity by multiple branch circuit impedance path mode, and by multiple branch circuit impedance path respectively with lead sudden strain of a muscle system, insulation coordination system, incident delivery system carry out system matches.
Further, lead sudden strain of a muscle system described in the application at least a set of, often cover lead sudden strain of a muscle system by least three lead dodge tower, multiple match point and ground unit form.In actual application, if circuit longer (more than 30Km), thunder and lightning are when easily the section of hitting is more, described in lead sudden strain of a muscle system many covers can be set, to reach better lightning protection effect.
Preferably, leading sudden strain of a muscle tower described in the application is that sudden strain of a muscle tower led by three to six bases, and described match point is the ground attachment in protected district, as building, steel tower, circuit etc.
Preferably, described in the application, lead the edge that sudden strain of a muscle system is located at protected district, described in lead that to dodge tower perpendicular to the horizontal range of edge circuit be 42-2721m, described in lead the diagonal angle horizontal range of dodging between tower be 1495-5420m.
Further, incident delivery system described in the application is made up of at least one group of high resistance resistor, Low ESR grounding transformer and ground unit, is arranged on the transformer station in protected district or switching station bus or main transformer neutral point.
Further, described in the application, incident delivery system is made up of at least one group of high resistance resistor, ground unit, is arranged on transformer station or the switching station main transformer neutral point in protected district.
Further, the system of insulation coordination described in the application is made up of at least one group low residual-pressure lightning arrester, is installed on protected district line edges and station institute gateway.
Further; the system of grounding impedance match described in the application is set up multiple branch circuit impedance path between the protection and protected object of protection zone: first choose reference point; then calculate the impedance ground value of each passage of adjustment according to the height of lightning leader head, the resistance value of reference point and height, the long-term soil resistivity in protected district and grounding resistance, air gap striking distance etc., the safety factor of impedance adjustment is 1.45.Concrete method of adjustment is as described below: if A is 1/n impedance path; B is 1/n protected object; and A, B discrepancy in elevation is not more than 7.2m; when between A, B, horizontal range is not more than 50m; when the calculated difference that the grounding resistance of A is less than the grounding resistance of B is 1.4; 1.45 coefficients should be multiplied by and add big difference, the artificial resistance value reducing A.If when objective condition cannot realize, adopt impedance matching unit, or improve the grounding resistance of B.But when strengthening the resistance value of B, may not exceed limiting value.
Preferably, in grounding impedance match system, the highest of protected district center is usually chosen and minimum ground attachment is as a reference point.When the line channel in protected district has multi-voltage grade circuit, select reference point by minimum voltage grade line levels.
Beneficial effect: the application, for thunder and lightning infringement shaping and development and discharge process feature, adopts the way destroying strong thunder and lightning formation condition, makes it not produce thunderbolt (containing ball thunder), tetanicly to hit, induction and strikeing back by force by force; And prior art to be strong thunder and lightning there occurs protection, the application be to prior art supplement and perfect; Significantly can reduce the generation of the loss of power accident, reduce direct and consequential damage; Especially to large and medium-sized enterprise, the power supply reliability as important transmission lines such as oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, mine, combustible and explosive area, airport, harbour, electric railway, communication, radio and television, war industry, military applications is very favourable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Moving-out type lightning protection protective system structural representation described in Fig. 1 the application;
The releasing curve diagram of thunder and lightning is there is within the scope of Fig. 2 radius 30km.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the application is further explained.
As shown in Figure 1, the structural representation of the moving-out type lightning protection protective system provided for the application; The moving-out type lightning protection protective system that the application provides comprises sudden strain of a muscle system of leading, insulation coordination system, incident delivery system and grounding impedance match system.
Described sudden strain of a muscle system of leading generally is led by three to six bases and is dodged tower and multiple match point and ground unit is formed, when with insulation coordination, after the protected object earth resistance in incident release and protected district carries out system matches, following effect can be played: 1., adapt to lightning strike selectivity, become the discharge tip end points of impedance path, transformation lightning strike selectivity and randomness, sudden strain of a muscle system is led generally because of moving-out type lightning protection, all at the edge away from protected district, line level distance 42m-2721m, diagonal angle horizontal range is generally 1495-5420m, separately because of result that thunderbolt is branch's ebb-flow discharge in the ordinary course of things, the direction of motion mostly is transverse movement, change caused by direction when meeting same sex electric field or correlative factor.Be in most cases that the first conductive bit of thundercloud is high, arcing distance produces time near, do not produce when arcing distance is far away.Because shielding ball thunder or branch's streamer are in operation decay comparatively fast, die away when distance.2., adapt to guide's feature anti-electric in advance: lead the point discharge point that sudden strain of a muscle system is not only impedance path, one of important channel that guide is anti-electric in advance especially, when after enforcement grounding impedance match, transform as main channel, cut down lightning leader current potential with this.On the other hand, multiple branch circuit impedance path, can adapt to the electric discharge of negative polarity multiple branch circuit and the few branch road electric discharge of positive polarity.When in advance anti-electric more abundant time, first conductive bit nature is cut down and is reduced.Because with regard to a certain local of a sheet of thundercloud, the quantity of electric charge of unit interval is limited, regenerates high potential from being discharged in a large number under the effect of electron avalanche, has a process in time always, the process regenerating again and discharge.
Described incident delivery system is made up of at least one group of high resistance resistor and Low ESR grounding transformer and ground unit according to the principle of neutral point resistance grounding device, generally be arranged on transformer station or switching station bus or main transformer neutral point (if when being installed on main transformer neutral point, can not grounding transformer be configured, or adopt equivalent way).Its effect is as follows: 1., discharge lightning impulse wave head, reducing thunder and lightning incident voltage, all will there is lightning impulse wave head in long distance transmission line section generation induction lightening or thunderbolt wire, invade to transformer station and load side with the speed of 300Km/ms, the insulation of harm system equipment, when strong induction or thunderbolt wire occur circuit interlude, if discharge insufficient, both sides shock head superposition will be there is, aggravate the injury to insulation, usually relying on lightning arrester release, is very necessary.Also important function has been played in actual motion, as point echelon release etc., but, when there is the large or apparatus insulated intensity of intensity of lightning lower than problems such as residual voltage of arrester values, then can not eliminate thunder and lightning infringement completely, sometimes while there is lightning arrestor movement, apparatus insulated puncture or lightning arrester is not operating time apparatus insulated the problem such as to have punctured like this.Incident releasing device is impedance path, discharges, not energy accumulation in good time, can discharge incident voltage fast, there is not wave head superposition problem, sees the releasing curve diagram that thunder and lightning occurs within the scope of radius 30km, as shown in Figure 2.2., single-phase puncturing does not expand accident: if system equipment insulation level is lower than 1.7PU, when thunder and lightning punctures single-phase insulation, the internal overvoltage developed does not occur, as high frequency and power frequency arc Restriking overvoltage and resonance overvoltage etc.Because when thunder and lightning punctures single-phase insulation, the discharge process of its thunder and lightning terminates, if the unequipped incident releasing device of system or Power Network Neutral variant, and power frequency capacitive earth current exceedes the regulation of National Technical specification, or in system, having certain harmonic component, then power frequency arc Restriking overvoltage, hf electric arc Restriking overvoltage and resonance overvoltage then may occur maybe must occur.The application, by the incidence mount of similar neutral point high value resistor earthing device, suppresses resonance and arc grounding over-voltage.3., suppress neutral point of electric network displacement voltage, the neutral point excursion problem of 10KV, 66KV and 110KV system is comparatively general, except neutral grounding mode factor, separately has three relatively factors such as asymmetric electric capacity and three-phase conducting wire arrangement mode.After incident releasing device drops into, significantly can reduce variation.4., system single-phase earthing time, sustainable operation 2 hours (not changing system relay protection mode).
Insulation coordination system for lightning overvoltage refers to that the residual voltage of lightning arrester matches with apparatus insulated intensity.Native system adopts low residual-pressure lightning arrester, improves insulation coordinating margin.For 10KV, when the lightning impulse residual voltage value of the low residual-pressure lightning arrester of line type is 41KV, insulation coordinating margin can be increased to 18% by zero, and be increased to 22% by 10% when the residual voltage value of the low residual-pressure lightning arrester of institute's type of standing is 39KV, through-current capability improves 4 times and 2 times respectively.Protection radius improves 1.6-1.9 doubly.Thunder and lightning is applied to spread voltage on equipment, duration and shortens 4 times and 2 times respectively, and protected effect strengthens.
Described grounding impedance match system leads between each protection such as sudden strain of a muscle system, insulation coordination system, incident delivery system, and the Proper Match of grounding resistance between protection and protected object.Concrete matching process is: first choose reference point; then adjust the impedance ground value of each passage according to the height of lightning leader head, the resistance value of reference point and height, the long-term soil resistivity in protected district and grounding resistance, air gap striking distance calculating etc., the safety factor of impedance adjustment is 1.45.Usually the highest of protected district center is chosen and minimum ground attachment is as a reference point in grounding impedance match system.When the line channel in protected district has multi-voltage grade circuit, select reference point by minimum voltage grade line levels.Grounding impedance match system, by strengthening guide's pre-arcing mode, is cut down the first conductive bit of thundercloud, is realized protected district and thunderbolt (ball thunder) does not occur; Do not occur low latitude closely launch a surprise attack with tetanicly to hit, induction and strikeing back by force by force.To set up multiple branch circuit impedance path mode, adapt to just few branch road and negative polarity multiple branch circuit discharge characteristics, people is lightning strike selectivity for a change, reaches the object that protected district does not occur to be struck by lightning.Strong inductions etc. are applied to the incident voltage on wire, discharge rapidly, shock head superposition does not occur, does not expand accident.From the meaning of lightning overvoltage, protected district runs under can being in the stable state of long-term safety.
Embodiment 1: Tonghua Iron and Steel Co. 66KV Land of Peach Blossoms electric substation system
1, equipment situation:
1., main transformer 2, capacity is 25MVA, electric pressure 66KV/6.3KV;
2., system harmonics component is based on 5 times;
3., 6.3KV capacitive earth current is respectively 25A and 40.2A;
4., load is ironmaking, sintering, oxygen and new stock ground etc.
2, ruuning situation before transformation:
66KV overhead wire and 6.3KV overhead transmission line are all in thunder and lightning hotspots, and before rectification, lightning strike accident is frequent, year thunderbolt power-off 6 times time maximum, minimum annual 2 times.Directly affect type loads such as ironmaking, oxygen, lose very huge.
3, present techniques applicable cases:
Configuration moving-out type lightning protection 1 overlaps.Wherein:
Lead sudden strain of a muscle system configuration and lead sudden strain of a muscle tower 4 base, lead sudden strain of a muscle tower and be respectively 42m, 74.6m, 2701m, 492m to 66KV circuit distance, diagonal distance is respectively 3.69Km and 5.42Km;
The high resistance grounding device 2 that incident delivery system configuration improves overlaps, and is installed on transformer station;
The low residual-pressure lightning arrester of insulation coordination system configuration 4 groups, wherein 66KV2 group, is installed on transformer station's entrance, and 6.3KV2 group is installed on base line end;
Grounding impedance match, determines calculating reference point 3, and be respectively 6.3KV base circuit terminal pole, source, 66KV south line across section both sides, river steel tower, impedance matching adjusts 8 points, minimal difference 1.4 Ω, maximum difference 3.2 Ω, safety factor 1.45.After coupling, each impedance path meets lightning protection requirement.
4, technology effect: put into operation from August 10th, 1998, runs 16 years 0 11 months accident frees continuously.
Embodiment 2: Handan Xing's mining industry western crossdrift iron ore 6.3KV electric power system
1, status of equipment:
This ore deposit electric power system is made up of 1 35KV transformer station, 5 6.3KV transformer stations and 20 times 6.3KV distribution lines.Wherein, 35KV main transformer of transformer substation 3, is respectively 1,16MVA transformer, 2,10MVA transformer, electric pressure 35KV/6.3KV, 6.3KV overhead transmission line 18 times, cable line 2 times; System capacitive earth current 38.2A.
2, ruuning situation:
The thunderbolt power-off of 6.3KV system overhead wire and damage equipment accident frequently, apply first 3 years for technology, 2011,4 times; 2012,4 times; 2013,18 times.
3, present techniques applicable cases:
Configuration moving-out type lightning protection 1 overlaps, and is placed in protection range by 35KV transformer station, 6.3KV power distribution station and 18 times 6.3KV overhead transmission lines, wherein:
Lead sudden strain of a muscle system: configuration is led and dodged tower 4 base, match point 7.Leading sudden strain of a muscle tower is 54 – 445m apart from edge circuit horizontal range respectively; Diagonal angle horizontal range 1495m and 3260m;
Incident delivery system: configuration neutral point high resistance grounding device 1 overlaps, and zero sequence impedance meets system matches requirement;
Insulation coordination system: configure low residual-pressure lightning arrester 48 groups, lightning impulse residual voltage circuit 26KV, stand institute 24KV.Be installed on each overhead transmission line head end, end and transformer station one, two sections of buses;
Grounding impedance match system: seletion calculation reference point 6; and to leading sudden strain of a muscle, incident release and insulate each protection system and protected system have carried out system earth impedance matching; supplement and adjust each Resistance of Grounding Grids value; regional area impedance matching maximum difference 5.7 Ω; minimal difference 1.4 Ω, safety factor 1.45.After coupling, each impedance path meets lightning protection requirement.
4, technology effect: on May 5th, 2014 puts into operation, ruuning situation is good, and the loss of power accident of being struck by lightning does not occur so far.
The application, for thunder and lightning shaping and development and discharge process feature, adopts and destroys the way of its formation condition, makes it not produce tetanicly to hit, responds to by force, strong counterattack and " ball thunder ".Be to prior art supplement and perfect.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a moving-out type lightning protection protective system, is characterized in that, comprises sudden strain of a muscle system of leading, insulation coordination system, incident delivery system and grounding impedance match system; Described sudden strain of a muscle system of leading is impedance path discharge tip end points, transformation lightning strike selectivity and randomness, adapts to guide anti-electric in advance, abatement lightning leader current potential; Described insulation coordination system refers to the insulation coordination of lightning overvoltage, shortens thunder and lightning and is applied to spread voltage in protected system and duration; Described incident delivery system refers to release lightning impulse wave head, reduces thunder and lightning incident voltage, suppresses neutral point of electric network displacement voltage; Described grounding impedance match system changes lightning strike selectivity by multiple branch circuit impedance path mode, and by multiple branch circuit impedance path respectively with lead sudden strain of a muscle system, insulation coordination system, incident delivery system carry out system matches.
2. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in lead sudden strain of a muscle system at least a set of, often cover is led sudden strain of a muscle system and is led by least three and dodge tower, multiple match point and ground unit and form.
3. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described in lead dodge tower be that sudden strain of a muscle tower led by three to six bases; Described match point is the ground attachment in protected district.
4. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 2; it is characterized in that; describedly lead the edge that sudden strain of a muscle system is located at protected district, described in lead that to dodge tower perpendicular to the horizontal range of edge circuit be 42-2721m, described in lead the diagonal angle horizontal range of dodging between tower be 1495-5420m.
5. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described incident delivery system is made up of at least one group of high resistance resistor, Low ESR grounding transformer and ground unit, is arranged on the transformer station in protected district or switching station bus or main transformer neutral point.
6. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described incident delivery system is made up of at least one group of high resistance resistor, ground unit, is arranged on transformer station or the switching station main transformer neutral point in protected district.
7. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described insulation coordination system comprises at least one group low residual-pressure lightning arrester, is installed on protected district line edges and station institute gateway.
8. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described grounding impedance match system is set up multiple branch circuit impedance path between the protection and protected object of protection zone: first select reference point; then calculate the impedance ground value of each passage of adjustment according to the height of lightning leader head, the resistance value of reference point and height, the long-term soil resistivity in protected district and grounding resistance, air gap striking distance etc., the safety factor of impedance adjustment is 1.45.
9. a kind of moving-out type lightning protection protective system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described reference point is the highest of protected district center and minimum ground attachment; When the line channel in protected district has multi-voltage grade circuit, select reference point by minimum voltage grade line levels.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106253193A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽中杰信息科技有限公司 | Harmful influence car park areas lightning-protection method |
| CN106602538A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-04-26 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西南电力设计院有限公司 | Type selection method of high-voltage single-core cable-sheath-protector parallel connection Z type transformer |
| CN108418168A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-17 | 北京天润新能投资有限公司 | A kind of method and system for taking low residual-pressure lightning arrester to administer collection electric line lightning stroke |
| CN112083252A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-15 | 西南交通大学 | Method for evaluating maximum economic size coefficient of horizontal layered under-soil grounding device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106253193A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽中杰信息科技有限公司 | Harmful influence car park areas lightning-protection method |
| CN106602538A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-04-26 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西南电力设计院有限公司 | Type selection method of high-voltage single-core cable-sheath-protector parallel connection Z type transformer |
| CN108418168A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-17 | 北京天润新能投资有限公司 | A kind of method and system for taking low residual-pressure lightning arrester to administer collection electric line lightning stroke |
| CN112083252A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-15 | 西南交通大学 | Method for evaluating maximum economic size coefficient of horizontal layered under-soil grounding device |
| CN112083252B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-07-02 | 西南交通大学 | Method for evaluating maximum economic size coefficient of horizontal layered under-soil grounding device |
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| CN105140902B (en) | 2018-04-06 |
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Application publication date: 20151209 Assignee: Dalian dinnov Electric Co., Ltd. Assignor: Jin Zhongsheng Contract record no.: 2018210000018 Denomination of invention: External mobile type lighting protection system Granted publication date: 20180406 License type: Common License Record date: 20180718 |
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