CN105137041B - The monitoring method and system of soil parameters spatial distribution - Google Patents
The monitoring method and system of soil parameters spatial distribution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution, including：S1：Obtain the soil parameters of the different depth test point in soil testing longitudinal cross section；S2：According to the soil parameters of the S1 test points obtained, the soil parameters of other precalculated position tested points in the soil testing longitudinal cross section is obtained；S3：According to the test point and the soil parameters of tested point, obtain in the soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little；S4：According in the soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little, obtain the univers parameter of the soil.It is capable of the characteristic of spatial distribution of accurate description crop soil parameters by using soil parameters monitoring method provided by the present invention, the distribution of the soil parameters of further accurate quantification crop soil space arbitrfary point, can the effectively distribution of monitoring crop soil parameters and moving situation, reach saving water resource, improve the purpose of water resource utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural planting industry field, the monitoring method of more particularly to a kind of soil parameters spatial distribution and it is
System.
Background technology
Soil is the basis of proportion of crop planting, and the good and bad growth effect to crop of soil is very big, so to soil parameters
Detection be always developing agricultural production significant process, wherein soil parameters generally refers to：Soil moisture content, soil compaction
Degree, the soil moisture, soil conductivity, soil pH value etc..Wherein, soil moisture is the important factor in order of plant growth, on
The quantization of soil moisture spatial distribution, domestic and foreign scholars have done numerous studies work.With the shortage of water resource, protection life
State environment, water resource utilization efficiency is improved, development precision agriculture turns into trend, so as to which the quantization to soil moisture spatial distribution is ground
Study carefully and propose higher requirement.
Research on soil water content spatial distribution earliest be the traditional statistical method founded using Fisher come
Analyzed, this method thinks soil in horizontal and vertical spatially each point water content random distribution, and being mutually completely independent.By
Assume not exclusively to be consistent with random distribution in actual soil moisture distribution situation, but within the specific limits on Existential Space
Correlation.Some scholars according to soil resistivity and the variation relation of water content, by three dimensions to soil resistivity into
Picture, so as to obtain the soil moisture distribution of soil moisture three-dimensional imaging i.e. spatially；Some scholars are according to the moisture distribution of soil
By the influence of topography, the spatial distribution of soil moisture in basin is easily determined with topographic index model；Some scholars are with ground
The horizontal and vertical distribution of soil moisture in statistical analysis certain area, the research of its vertical distribution is only with sampling number
According to having carried out Semi-variance analysis.On moving situation of the moisture in soil, domestic and foreign scholars propose different soil moisture
The equation of motion, common are Kostiakov models, Kostiakov-Leiws models, Philip models, Horton models,
Green-Ampt models etc. but the soil water of the Richards equations in the case where studying plant growth conditions based on Darcy's law
It is most widely used in componental movement.Only consider Vertical Infiltration in many scholars of research process, i.e. soil water movement equation is taken as
It is one-dimensional, some scholars from three-dimensional motion (i.e. vertically and horizontally) angle consider, by distribution of the moisture in soil regard as by
The uniform plane of Multi-layers distributing is formed by stacking.Various moisture movement equations are established based on this simultaneously to carry out soil moisture
Numerical simulation.
But conventional SOIL DISTRIBUTION model is mostly one-dimensional or two-dimentional, usually assumes that soil homogeneous, isotropism, this
Runed counter to actual crop soil space heterogeneity, it is impossible to the characteristic distributions in accurate description space, then can not accurate quantification crop
The moisture distribution of soil space arbitrfary point, to evaluating crop soil moisture content, the water demand of crop is determined, reasonable disposition water resource is made
Into erroneous effects.And the soil moisture due to influence the processes such as the coefficient of viscosity of soil moisture, microbial activities, steam diffusion and by
Include crop soil moisture, the research category of breathing.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are how accurately to obtain the characteristic of spatial distribution of soil parameters.
For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution, including：
S1：Obtain the soil parameters of the different depth test point in soil testing longitudinal cross section；
S2：According to the soil parameters of the S1 test points obtained, obtain in the soil testing longitudinal cross section
The soil parameters of other precalculated position tested points；
S3：According to the test point and the soil parameters of tested point, obtain in the soil testing longitudinal cross section
Soil parameters a little；
S4：According in the soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little, obtain the whole of the soil
Body parameter.
Wherein preferably, the step S1 includes：Soil testing longitudinal is uniformly obtained using space lattice sampling method to cut
The soil parameters of different depth test point in the region of face.
Wherein preferably, the step S3 also includes：Coordinate system is established, is determined in the soil testing longitudinal cross section
Coordinate position a little and space lattice data are generated according to the coordinate position.
Wherein preferably, the univers parameter of the soil includes the average moisture content of the soil, and the soil is averaged
Water content is the business of the total moisture content and the area of the testing longitudinal cross section in the whole test space region of the soil.
Wherein preferably, the calculation formula of the total moisture content in the whole test space region of the soil is as follows：
Wherein, AiFor the water content of the i-th row cross section, Volume is the total aqueous of the whole test space region of the soil
Amount, Δ x be space lattice data column pitch, Δ y be space lattice data line space, Gi,1、Gi,2、Gi,3、Gi,4、
Gi,nCol-1、Gi,nColThe row of respectively the i-th row the 1st, the row of the i-th row the 2nd, the row of the i-th row the 3rd, the row of the i-th row the 4th, the i-th row thenCol-1 is arranged
And i-th rownColThe mesh node value of row, A1、A2、A3、A4、AnCol-1、AnColRespectively the 1st row, the 2nd row, the 3rd row, the 4th row,
ThenCol-1 rows andnThe water content of Col rows cross section.
Wherein preferably, other precalculated position tested point soil parameters in the soil testing longitudinal cross section and/
Or soil parameters a little obtained using Kriging regression method.
Wherein preferably, the calculation formula of the soil parameters of other precalculated position tested points is as follows：
Wherein,For tested point X0Soil parameters estimate, Z (Xi) it is test point X known to i-thiSoil ginseng
Numerical value, λ1,λ2……λnIt is n known test point X1、X2……XnOverall coefficient, λ1,λ2……λnAnd be glug equal to 1, φ
Bright day operator, γ (Xi,X0) it is test point X known to i-thiWith tested point X0Between variation function value, γ (Xi,Xj) it is i-th
Known test point XiWith j-th known to test point XjBetween variation function value.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of monitoring system of soil parameters spatial distribution, including：
Detection unit, for obtaining the soil parameters of the different depth test point in soil testing longitudinal cross section；
First estimation unit, the soil parameters of the test point for being obtained according to the detection unit obtain the soil and indulged
The soil parameters of other precalculated position tested points into testing section region；
Second estimation unit, for obtaining the soil testing longitudinal according to the soil parameters of the test point and tested point
In cross section soil parameters a little；
Overall calculation unit, for according in the soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little obtain
The univers parameter of the soil.
Wherein preferably, the detection unit is soil moisture sensor, the test probe of the soil moisture sensor
In the testing section and the soil of fully-inserted each test point.
Wherein preferably, the system also includes display unit, and the display unit is used for soil described in Real time dynamic display
Univers parameter.
By using the monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution provided by the present invention, utilization space statistics is original
Reason, based on regionalized variable, by the space lattice method of sampling, it is capable of the spatial distribution of accurate description crop soil parameters
Feature, the distribution of the soil parameters of further accurate quantification crop soil space arbitrfary point, effectively monitoring crop soil it can join
Several distributions and moving situation, to saving water resource, water resource utilization efficiency is improved, realizes crop production Precision management etc.
With highly important theory and practice directive significance.
Brief description of the drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood by reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is schematically without that should manage
Solve to carry out any restrictions to the present invention, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows soil parameters sensing schematic flow sheet of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the test point distribution schematic diagram in soil testing longitudinal cross section of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of moisture in soil spatial distribution of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram that temperature space is distributed in soil of the present invention；
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of soil internal conductance rate spatial distribution of the present invention；
Fig. 6 shows the Day-to-day variability schematic diagram of soil moisture content of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a kind of monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution, including：S1：Obtain soil
The soil parameters of different depth test point in testing longitudinal cross section；
S2：According to the soil parameters of the S1 test points obtained, other obtained in soil testing longitudinal cross section make a reservation for
The soil parameters of position tested point；
S3：According to test point and the soil parameters of tested point, obtain in soil testing longitudinal cross section a little
Soil parameters；
S4：According in soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little, obtain the univers parameter of soil.
Technical scheme is deployed to be described in detail with reference to specific embodiment.
S1：Test crop groups are selected using space lattice sampling method, and surveyed in the longitudinal direction of test crop groups canopy
The test point of different depth is uniformly arranged in examination cross section using space lattice sampling method, can using soil moisture sensor
Persistently obtain the soil parameters (including moisture, temperature, electrical conductivity) of random time test point.Wherein, space lattice samples
Method is the conventional statistical method of prior art space statistics, be will not be repeated here.
As shown in Fig. 2 by taking cotton field 1 as an example, representational cotton field row is chosen in cotton field using space lattice sampling method
Between test point 2, in the cotton field of the selection in the ranks down-set testing section region in longitudinal direction, testing longitudinal cross section is a rectangle region
Domain, width can be set according to Different Crop line space, and depth is set according to test needs.The present embodiment is chosen wide
It is 110cm testing longitudinal section rectangular area to spend for 80cm, depth, soil moisture can be set to sense on rectangular area
Device, soil moisture sensing need to be uniformly distributed according to test it is some parallel on its interval identical horizontal line of ground, it is horizontal
Line can distinguish 10cm located underground, 30cm, 50cm, and 70cm, 90cm, 110cm soil layers can be deep according to setting test is actually needed
To spend, the spacing of adjacent test point can be 20cm on each horizontal line, and the sum of test point can also be set according to being actually needed,
The present embodiment sets 30 altogether, and the test probe of soil moisture sensor is transversely to the machine direction the fully-inserted each test point of testing section
Soil in.
Wherein, soil moisture sensor can use the ECH of Decagon companies of U.S. production2O, 5TE soil moisture sense
Device, soil moisture sensor can be connected with a data collector, and data collector can use Decagon companies of the U.S. to produce
EM50, setting record data time interval after, data acquisition unit can record survey automatically according to the time interval of setting
Soil water content value, temperature, the electrical conductivity of pilot.
S2：Accurate description is carried out to soil moisture distribution in testing section region comprehensively in order to more enough, it is also necessary to longitudinal direction
Soil moisture, temperature, the electrical conductivity that other precalculated position tested points of test point are not provided with testing section region pass through interpolation
Estimated.Specifically, the soil moisture, temperature, conductivity value of each test point are obtained according to step S1 measurements, using gram in
Golden interpolation method obtains soil moisture, temperature, the electrical conductivity of other precalculated position tested points in soil testing longitudinal cross section
Value.Wherein, Kriging regression method is that the present invention makes (surfer) instrument from current 12 kinds to dispersion number using 3 dimensional drawing
According to the difference approach that suitable SOIL DISTRIBUTION, temperature, distribution of conductivity are filtered out in grid interpolation method.
Because for test point between 30~100, Kriging regression method is with space structure point in testing longitudinal cross section
Based on analysis, estimate is sought on the premise of estimate meets unbiasedness and minimum variance, regionalized variable meets second-order stationary
It is assumed that the soil parameters estimate X of other precalculated position tested points0Calculation formula it is as follows：
Wherein,For tested point X0Soil parameters estimate, Z (Xi) it is test point X known to i-thiSoil ginseng
Numerical value, λ1,λ2……λnIt is n known test point X1、X2……XnOverall coefficient, λ1,λ2……λnAnd be glug equal to 1, φ
Bright day operator, γ (Xi,X0) it is test point X known to i-thiWith tested point X0Between variation function value, γ (Xi,Xj) it is i-th
Known test point XiWith j-th known to test point XjBetween variation function value.
S3：Coordinate system is established to each test point, using soil testing longitudinal section upper right corner test point to sit in the present embodiment
Origin is marked, using depth of soil as ordinate, establishes coordinate system in testing longitudinal cross section, coordinate system can be according to being actually needed
Different modes of establishing is selected, is not limited herein.On the basis of test point coordinate system, testing longitudinal cross section is pointed to
Generation grid file is numbered in interior test point and tested point position, and each element Grid (i, j) record of grid file is every
The position of individual test point or tested point in testing longitudinal cross section, i represent test point or tested point in testing longitudinal section
Abscissa in region, j represent the ordinate of test point or tested point in testing longitudinal cross section.Cut according to testing longitudinal
The soil parameters of test point and tested point in the region of face, the institute in soil testing cross section is obtained using Kriging regression method
Soil parameters a little, including moisture, temperature and electrical conductivity.According to the coordinate system of foundation, determine that the soil is longitudinally surveyed
Try institute's coordinate position a little in cross section and according to coordinate position generation space lattice data.It is wherein it is possible to sharp
With VB programmings with reference to surfer Dynamic Announces soil water content, temperature, electrical conductivity spatial distribution, controlled with wait () function
The display time intervals of adjacent two distribution maps.
S4:According in soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little, obtain the univers parameter of soil.Institute
Stating the univers parameter of soil includes the average moisture content of the soil, and the average moisture content of the soil is that the soil is entirely surveyed
Try the business of the total moisture content of area of space and the area of the testing longitudinal cross section.Specifically, multiple integral can be used
Method calculates the total moisture content in soil whole test space region, and then divided by the area of testing longitudinal cross section obtains soil
Average moisture content.The curved surface formed using the moisture height value in space lattice data as upper surface, the soil it is total
Water content is the volume for the irregular body that Fig. 3 mean cambers are formed with reference axis, using trapezoidal rule (Trapezoidal
Rule), the calculation formula for obtaining the total moisture content in the whole test space region of the soil is as follows：
Wherein, AiFor the water content of the i-th row cross section, Volume is the total aqueous of the whole test space region of the soil
Amount, Δ x be space lattice data column pitch, Δ y be space lattice data line space, Gi,1、Gi,2、Gi,3、Gi,4、
Gi,nCol-1、Gi,nColThe row of respectively the i-th row the 1st, the row of the i-th row the 2nd, the row of the i-th row the 3rd, the row of the i-th row the 4th, the i-th row thenCol-1 is arranged
And i-th rownCThe mesh node value of ol row, A1、A2、A3、A4、AnCol-1、AnColRespectively the 1st row, the 2nd row, the 3rd row, the 4th
Row, thenCol-1 rows andnThe water content of Col rows cross section.
On the other hand, using above-mentioned monitoring method, present invention also offers a kind of monitoring of soil parameters spatial distribution
System, including：
Detection unit, for obtaining the soil parameters of the different depth test point in soil testing longitudinal cross section；
First estimation unit, the soil parameters of the test point for being obtained according to the detection unit obtain the soil and indulged
The soil parameters of other precalculated position tested points into testing section region；
Second estimation unit, for obtaining the soil testing longitudinal according to the soil parameters of the test point and tested point
In cross section soil parameters a little；
Overall calculation unit, for according in the soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little obtain
The univers parameter of the soil.
Wherein, the detection unit is soil moisture sensor, the test probe of the soil moisture sensor perpendicular to
In the testing section and the soil of fully-inserted each test point.
Wherein, the monitoring system also includes display unit, and the display unit is used for soil described in Real time dynamic display
Univers parameter.
Tested, tested in 2015 by using the monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution provided by the present invention
15~July 15 June year tests in Anyang City (36 ° of 06 ' N, 114 ° of 21 ' E) the Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science and Technologys Cotton Research Institute
Ground is carried out, and experimental field planting density is 90000 plants/hm2, line-spacing is that the row such as 0.8m is set, and sowing time is April 22.Experimental period
Between afternoon~25 day morning June 23 occur rainfall once.
Start data being arranged to every 1 hour limnograph soil water content data, be changed to before rainfall every
Every 30 minutes limnograph soil water contents, temperature, conductivity datas.Different soil types has different knots
Structure, the soil of different physical features differently block have the characteristics of respective, and its spatial distribution and Variation Features determine moisture in soil layer
Content, temperature, the distribution situation of electrical conductivity.Spatial distribution characteristic when moisture in soil as shown in Figure 3 balances is shown as, soil
Earth bottom aqueous amount is higher than upper strata, if testing soil is divided into three layers of upper, middle and lower, upper layer of soil is close in crop root and row
Between partially aqueous amount it is less；Middle level intermediate moisture value is less, and both sides water content is closer to；Bottom aqueous amount is more uniform.Fig. 4
The spatial distribution characteristic of temperature in soil is shown, same deep soil temperature is substantially similar, and soil layer is deeper, and the soil moisture is lower.
Fig. 5 shows the spatial distribution characteristic of soil internal conductance rate, and institute's testing soil electrical conductivity generally deep layer is higher, but changes in layer
It is larger.Fig. 6 shows the whole soil moisture content Day-to-day variability situation to be calculated using Trapezoidal Rule methods, during rainfall
Soil moisture content increases suddenly, slowly declines afterwards, tends to balance.
Moisture spatial distribution is similar before and after precipitation, shows as that water content between the about 30cm of ground to underground is less, changes
It is larger, each point soil moisture content substantial scope 0.14m3To 0.27m3, difference maximum reaches 0.248m3.80~110cm of underground contains
Water is high, moisture distribution is uniform, and each point water content maximum difference is 0.072m3.Part of detecting soil entirety water content, June 15
Day measurement is 0.242m when starting3/m3, June 22 was 0.238m3/m3, had rainfall June 23, water content is raised to suddenly
0.332m3/m3, 24 daily rain amounts terminate rear water content and slowly declined, after one month, during soil water balance on the 15th in July, and precipitation
0.258m3/m3.Different spaces sampling point moisture movement speed is different, and the minimum soil sampling point of moisture is increased fastest,
The local water loss speed of moisture build op speed is also very fast.
By using the monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution provided by the present invention, utilization space statistics is original
Reason, based on regionalized variable, by the space lattice method of sampling, it is capable of the spatial distribution of accurate description crop soil parameters
Feature, the distribution of the soil parameters of further accurate quantification crop soil space arbitrfary point, effectively monitoring crop soil it can join
Several distributions and moving situation, to saving water resource, water resource utilization efficiency is improved, realizes crop production Precision management etc.
With highly important theory and practice directive significance.
Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can not depart from this hair
Various modifications and variations are made in the case of bright spirit and scope, such modifications and variations are each fallen within by appended claims
Within limited range.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution, it is characterised in that including：S1：Obtain the soil parameters of the different depth test point in soil testing longitudinal cross section；S2：According to the soil parameters of the S1 test points obtained, other in the soil testing longitudinal cross section are obtained The soil parameters of precalculated position tested point；S3：According to the test point and the soil parameters of tested point, obtain all in the soil testing longitudinal cross section The soil parameters of point；S4：According in the soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little, obtain the overall ginseng of the soil Number；The step S1 includes：The difference uniformly obtained using space lattice sampling method in soil testing longitudinal cross section is deep Spend the soil parameters of test point；Wherein, testing longitudinal cross section is the rectangular area along crop in the ranks vertically downward；All surveys Pilot is respectively positioned in the same testing longitudinal cross section；The step S3 also includes：Establish coordinate system, determine in the soil testing longitudinal cross section coordinate a little Position simultaneously generates space lattice data according to the coordinate position；The step S4 includes：According in the soil testing longitudinal cross section soil parameters a little, space lattice The column pitch and line space of data, obtain the univers parameter of the soil；The univers parameter of the soil includes the soil Average moisture content, the average moisture content of the soil is the total moisture content in the whole test space region of the soil and the longitudinal direction The business of the area in testing section region.
- 2. the monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the soil is entirely surveyed The calculation formula for trying the total moisture content of area of space is as follows：<mrow> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow><mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mo>&ap;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow>Wherein, AiFor the water content of the i-th row cross section, Volume is the total moisture content in the whole test space region of the soil, Δ X be space lattice data column pitch, Δ y be space lattice data line space, Gi,1、Gi,2、Gi,3、Gi,4、Gi,nCol-1、 Gi,nColRespectively the i-th row the 1st row, the i-th row the 2nd row, the i-th row the 3rd row, the i-th row the 4th row, i-th the n-th Col-1 of row row and the i-th row The mesh node value of n-th Col row, A1、A2、A3、A4、AnCol-1、AnColRespectively the 1st row, the 2nd row, the 3rd row, the 4th row, NCol-1 rows and the water content of the n-th Col rows cross section.
- 3. the monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the soil is longitudinally surveyed Other precalculated position tested point soil parameters in examination cross section and/or soil parameters a little use Kriging regression method Obtain.
- 4. the monitoring method of soil parameters spatial distribution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that other described pre-determined bits The calculation formula for putting the soil parameters of tested point is as follows：<mrow> <mover> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>^</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow><mrow> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </munderover> <msub> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>&gamma;</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>...</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow>Wherein,For tested point X0Soil parameters estimate, Z (Xi) it is test point X known to i-thiSoil parameters value, λ1,λ2……λnIt is n known test point X1、X2……XnOverall coefficient, λ1,λ2……λnAnd equal to 1, φ for Lagrange Operator, γ (Xi,X0) it is test point X known to i-thiWith tested point X0Between variation function value, γ (Xi,Xj) known to i-th Test point XiWith j-th known to test point XjBetween variation function value.
- 5. the system that a kind of method using described in claim 1-4 any one carries out soil parameters spatial distribution monitoring, its It is characterised by, including：Detection unit, for obtaining the soil parameters of the different depth test point in soil testing longitudinal cross section；First estimation unit, the soil parameters of the test point for being obtained according to the detection unit obtain the soil and longitudinally surveyed Try the soil parameters of other precalculated position tested points in cross section；Second estimation unit, for obtaining the soil testing longitudinal section according to the soil parameters of the test point and tested point In region soil parameters a little；Overall calculation unit, for according in the soil testing longitudinal cross section described in soil parameters a little obtains The univers parameter of soil.
- 6. the monitoring system of a kind of soil parameters spatial distribution according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the detection is single Member is soil moisture sensor, and the test probe of the soil moisture sensor is perpendicular to the testing section and fully-inserted each In the soil of test point.
- 7. the monitoring system of a kind of soil parameters spatial distribution according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also include display Unit, the display unit are used for the univers parameter of soil described in Real time dynamic display.
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