CN105137011A - System for screening dairy cow having recessive mastitis among cattle - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for screening dairy cows having recessive mastitis among cattle. The system includes a milk component analytic instrument, an information acquiring and inputting module, a parameter correlation analysis module, a multiple regression equation establishment module, and a dairy cow recessive mastitis attack percentage cut-off point determining module. The system is used for quickly, easily and accurately screening the dairy cows having recessive mastitis from a dairy cow group, so that cow farm managers can know which cows are suffered from the recessive mastitis timely and definitely, thereby providing guarantee for prevention and treatment on the mastitis among dairy cows.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system for recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, belong to disorder in screening technical field.
Background technology
Milk cattle cultivating is the important component part of China's animal husbandry, in national economy and people's lives, occupy critical role.Along with the development of national economy and the transformation of people's Diet concept, have safety, healthy, nutrition dairy products more and more by consumers in general are expected.And in milk cattle cultivating is produced, mastitis for milk cows not only directly affects individual the ox output of milk, component content in milk and physicochemical property thereof only, and affect dairy products security and nutritive value, endanger huge.Cause the reason of mammitis complicated, relative to clinical mammitis, the not aobvious clinical symptoms of recessive mastitis (sub-clinical mammitis), not easily be found, but recessive mastitis can reduce the output of milk, affect milk-quality and security thereof, the loss caused is huger.And in cattle farm mammitis morbidity in, because the mammitis of 97% belongs to recessive mastitis.Therefore, the individual particular importance of recessive mastitis in examination cows.
At present for the method mainly somatic cell from milk counting (SomaticCellCount of examination cows recessive mastitis, SCC) method, California mammitis method of testing (CMT), pH value method, Lvization Wu Indeed acid silver and milk conductance method, multiplex PCR detection method etc.SCC method determines whether mammitis occurs according to the height of Ruzhong somatic number.Its principle is the body cell major leukocyte in Ruzhong, and leucocyte is a kind of immunocyte, and its increase is main relevant with the intrusion of pathogen, and the somatic number measuring Ruzhong accordingly can infer whether milk cow, newborn ward inflammation occurs.But the somatic number in Ruzhong is also by the impact of the factors such as the parity of milk cow, lactation number of days and lactation season, and this just causes aborning, and some ox somatic number is not high, but there occurs mammitis, and has an ox somatic number very high, but mammitis does not occur.Therefore, only judge whether milk cow individuality there occurs mammitis not science with SCC.CMT method is the standard method of detection cow subclinical mastitis recognized within the industry, but it is the same with the detection method such as milk conductance method, multiplex PCR detection with pH value method, Lvization Wu Indeed acid silver, also exist be not easy to cattle farm produce in the defect that uses of group, regular, convenience, and take time and effort, testing cost is high.Therefore, the screening system of recessive mastitis milk cow in a kind of easy, quick, accurate, cheap examination jumpbogroup is provided just to seem very important.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of system for recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows.The determination rate of accuracy of screening system of the present invention reaches more than 95%, has very high accuracy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
For a system for recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, this system comprises:
Milk elements analyser: for gathering individual ox butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and somatic number information only;
Acquisition of information and typing module: for receiving the individual ox butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and the somatic number information only that gather from described milk elements analyser; And typing milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information;
Relation analysis of parameter module: for receive obtain from described acquisition of information and typing module butterfat percnetage, protein ratio, somatic number, milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information, and above-mentioned information and cow subclinical mastitis are fallen ill carry out correlation analysis, obtain falling ill to cow subclinical mastitis relevant parameter information;
Multiple regression equation sets up module: for receiving falling ill relevant parameter information to cow subclinical mastitis of obtaining from described relation analysis of parameter module, and process these parameter informations, and then set up multiple regression equation;
Suffer from score value point of contact determination module with cow subclinical mastitis, described cow subclinical mastitis suffers from the multiple regression equation that score value point of contact determination module is set up for setting up module according to multiple regression equation, calculates cow subclinical mastitis index SMI
0and SMI
1, and calculate SMI
1/ SMI
0, determine that cow subclinical mastitis suffers from score value point of contact.
The multiple regression equation that described multiple regression equation sets up module foundation is:
SMI
0＝-70.2781+1.8427X
1+0.8411X
2+4.3998X
3+21.6634X
4-0.2075X
5+0.4470X
6+7.3398X
7
SMI
1＝-63.2973+1.7249X
1+0.7519X
2+3.8011X
3+19.9295X
4-0.0949X
5+0.3683X
6+7.3152X
7
Wherein, X
1: parity; X
2: the output of milk (kg); X
3: butterfat percnetage (%); X
4: protein ratio (%); X
5: somatic cell score (SCS); X
6: lactation stage; X
7: lactation season.
Described X
5: the account form of somatic cell score is: SCS=log
2[SCC/100,000]+3.
In described acquisition of information and typing module, be the impact analyzing fixed effect factor, classify to milk cow parity, lactation number of days and lactation season information, wherein, the sorting technique of milk cow parity is: every tire is 1 class, but more than 5 tires and 5 tires is 1 class, is divided into 5 classes; Lactation number of days is divided into 1 class in every 30 days from postpartum first day, but more than 360 days oxen are only divided into 1 class, are divided into 13 classes; Lactation season by November to next year February be 1 class, March-May and September-October is 1 class, June-August is 1 class, totally 3 classes.
In described relation analysis of parameter module, adopt statistical analysis software to carry out correlation analysis to butterfat percnetage, protein ratio, somatic number, milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information and cow subclinical mastitis incidence, acquisition with the trait information of cow subclinical mastitis significant correlation; The concrete grammar of correlation analysis is: first carry out test of normality to data, meet the data acquisition Pearson methods analyst correlativity of normal distribution, do not meet the data of normal distribution, as somatic number carries out log-transformation, make it to meet normal distribution, then carry out correlation analysis.Using mammitis morbidity record as Dependent variable, application Stepwise Discriminant Analysis screening independent variable, analysis result finds that described 7 independents variable all have significantly or pole appreciable impact (P<0.05).
Described multiple regression equation is set up module and is utilized the PROCDISCRIM program of the SAS8.2 system pair milk cow production performance information relevant to cow subclinical mastitis to carry out discriminatory analysis, independent variable is selected, set up optimal regression equation, be the multiple regression equation calculating recessive mastitis index (SubclinicalMastitisIndex, SMI).
Described cow subclinical mastitis suffers from cow subclinical mastitis that score value point of contact determination module determines, and to suffer from score value point of contact be 1.
The present invention studies discovery, the milk cow production performance parameters such as the generation of cow subclinical mastitis and individual parity, lactation number of days, lactation season, the output of milk, butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and somatic number are closely related, comprehensive above-mentioned information, by be conducive to recessive mastitis ox only early stage, accurately judge.Core of the present invention is structure mathematical model, by early stage collecting sample and participate in milk cow production performance measure (DHI) measure, mid-term disposal data, the PROCDISCRIM program of later-stage utilization SAS8.2 system carries out discriminatory analysis to above-mentioned 7 item numbers certificates, independent variable is selected, set up optimal regression equation, be and calculate recessive mastitis index (SubclinicalMastitisIndex, SMI) multiple regression equation, by this equation called after SMI exponential formula, can in examination cows recessive mastitis individual.Application the invention, the examination of recessive mastitis milk cow is carried out in tested cows, suffer from the appropriate cut-off point (be namely judged to be recessive mastitis milk cow) of score value point of contact > 1 as the invention using cow subclinical mastitis, the recessive mastitis milk cow that examination goes out can be treated in advance by cattle farm methods for the treatment of or take dry milk remedy measures in advance according to lactation number of days and Milk Production.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) system for recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows of the present invention can quick, easy, in milk cows, examination goes out the milk cow of recessive mastitis accurately, Management in dairy farm personnel can know which ox there occurs recessive mastitis as early as possible and clearly, and that prevents and treats mastitis for milk cows early for cattle farm provides guarantee.
(2) the judgement accuracy for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows of the present invention is more than 95%, and this is complete acceptable in production; And system of the present invention can carry out jumpbogroup examination by the daily DHI data of application, dramatically reduces the workload of cattle farm examination milk cow colony recessive mastitis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, should be noted that following explanation is only to explain the present invention, not limiting its content.
Embodiment 1: for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows
As shown in Figure 1, for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, milk elements analyser is comprised: for gathering individual ox butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and somatic number information only;
Acquisition of information and typing module: for receiving the individual ox butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and the somatic number information only that gather from described milk elements analyser; And typing milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information;
Relation analysis of parameter module: for receive obtain from described acquisition of information and typing module butterfat percnetage, protein ratio, somatic number, milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information, and above-mentioned information and cow subclinical mastitis are fallen ill carry out correlation analysis, obtain falling ill to cow subclinical mastitis relevant parameter information;
Multiple regression equation sets up module: for receiving falling ill relevant parameter information to cow subclinical mastitis of obtaining from described relation analysis of parameter module, and process these parameter informations, and then set up multiple regression equation;
Suffer from score value point of contact determination module with cow subclinical mastitis, described cow subclinical mastitis suffers from the multiple regression equation that score value point of contact determination module is set up for setting up module according to multiple regression equation, calculates cow subclinical mastitis index SMI
0and SMI
1, and calculate SMI
1/ SMI
0, determine that cow subclinical mastitis suffers from score value point of contact.
Specifically being described below of this screening system:
(1) milk cow production performance information (output of milk, butterfat percnetage, protein ratio, somatic number, milk cow parity, lactation number of days and lactation season) gathers
Test cows totally 560, the time, adopt general management pattern, Free stall feeding, TMR feed mode, fed 3 day, milks 3 times, freely drink water from 2011 to 2014.Milk and adopt Delaval plshy bone open milking parlor mechanical milking, when milking, the dipping of every ox secondary, secondary paper handkerchief are dried, milking routine specification.Record every ox each output of milk during sampling, sample day three times, sample in morning, noon and afternoon ratio 4:3:3, mixing, 45-50ml, adds potassium dichromate 0.03g as antiseptic altogether, and milk sample normal temperature is preserved.Every garget incidence is recorded in sampling simultaneously, method is that the while of adopting milk sample, cattle farm animal doctor personnel apply CMT method and only whether recessive mastitis occur to ox and judge, as long as criterion is that in individual Niu Sigeru district, a Ge Ru district is positive, be namely judged as suffering from recessive mastitis individual.Positive individuals is designated as 1, and negative individuals is designated as 0.
According to cattle farm current entry statistical test ox parity only, ooze newborn number of days, date collected, the output of milk of milk cow individuality during record sampling; Milk milk composition is determined at Cow Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences DHI laboratory and completes.Test in laboratory instrument is milk elements analyser (comprising FOSSFC and FT+), and instrument is monthly applied the standard specimen provided in Ministry of Agriculture's DHI standard specimen laboratory and demarcated.Duration of test, laboratory is monthly by the method that " Chinese holstein cattle performance test specification " (NY/T1450-2007) specifies, get 45-50mL milk sample, butterfat percnetage (F%) is gone out with FOSSFC and FT+ Instrument measuring, protein ratio (P%), the compositions such as somatic number (SCC).
(2) multiple regression equation is set up
The method for building up of multiple regression equation is: utilize the PROCDISCRIM program of SAS8.2 system to parity, lactation number of days, lactation season, the output of milk, butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and somatic number 7 item number process according to as independent variable, parity is fallen into 5 types, wherein 1, 2, 3, 4 each points of classes, 5 tires and be divided into a class above, lactation number of days is divided into 13 classes, wherein start postpartum to be divided into 1 class in every 30 days, but ox was only divided into 1 class in more than 360 days, lactation season is by being divided into 3 classes, wherein November to next year February is 1 class, March-May and September-October are 1 class, June-August is 1 class, somatic number is converted into somatic cell score, then using mammitis morbidity record as Dependent variable, first apply Stepwise Discriminant Analysis screening independent variable, find that described 7 independents variable all have significantly or pole appreciable impact (P<0.05), then the k-nearest neighbor of Non-parametric discriminating analysis is utilized to analyze to 7 independents variable remained, first two groups of data (positive individuals and negative individuals) covariance matrix whether homogeneous is analyzed, assay display χ
2=4.697, P=0.538, P>0.05, illustrate that two groups of covariance matrixes meet homogeneous requirement.Whether the difference between the average vector checking two groups of data to form 7 independent variable indexs again has statistical significance, find Wilk ' s λ=0.4673, corresponding F=15.04, P<0.0001, illustrate that 7 given variable indexs can distinguish recessive newborn scorching sun and negative individuals preferably, and then provide the coefficient estimated value in discriminant function.By adjusting the K value of k-nearest neighbor, reducing the False Rate of function, being optimized regression equation equation, when research finds that K value is 12, the False Rate of function reaches minimum, is 1.81%, and then obtains optimal regression equation.Be the multiple regression equation calculating recessive mastitis index (SubclinicalMastitisIndex, SMI), multiple regression equation is as follows:
SMI
0＝-70.2781+1.8427X
1+0.8411X
2+4.3998X
3+21.6634X
4-0.2075X
5+0.4470X
6+7.3398X
7
SMI
1＝-63.2973+1.7249X
1+0.7519X
2+3.8011X
3+19.9295X
4-0.0949X
5+0.3683X
6+7.3152X
7
Wherein, X
1: parity; X
2: the output of milk (kg); X
3: butterfat percnetage (%); X
4: protein ratio (%); X
5: somatic cell score (SCS); X
6: lactation stage; X
7: lactation season.
Described X
5: the account form of somatic cell score is: SCS=log
2[SCC/100,000]+3.
Embodiment 2: for the systematic difference example of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows
In the mature cow of about 1800, scale cattle farm, three, Jinan City, Shandong Province, Stochastic choice 420 is just the milk cow of lactation, collects related data, gathers milk sample and measures milk composition, utilizes system-computed ox of the present invention SMI index only, according to SMI
1>SMI
0principle examination is carried out to an ox recessive mastitis situation; While adopting milk sample, cattle farm animal doctor personnel apply CMT method and only whether recessive mastitis occur to ox and judge, as long as criterion is that in individual Niu Sigeru district, a Ge Ru district is positive, are namely judged as suffering from recessive mastitis individual.
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) acquisition test cows milk sample, record acquisition time, individual the ox output of milk, lactation number of days and parity only.
In Jinan City, Shandong Province, three scale cattle farm Stochastic choice 420 are just the milk cow of lactation, sample.The method of sampling is with reference to " Chinese holstein cattle performance test technical manual " (NY/T1450-2007).Record every ox each output of milk during sampling, sample day three times, in early, middle and late ratio 4:3:3 sampling, mixing, altogether about 40-45ml, add potassium dichromate 0.03g as antiseptic in bottle before sampling, and milk sample normal temperature is preserved, and completes milk composition and measure in 24 hours.Test cows adopt general manufacturing management system, i.e. Free stall feeding, TMR feed mode, feeds 3 day, milks 3 times, freely drinks water.Milk and adopt Delaval plshy bone open milking parlor mechanical milking, when milking, the dipping of every ox secondary, secondary paper handkerchief are dried, milking routine specification.To sampling ox only by there being experience cattle farm staff rig-site utilization CMT method to diagnose, cattle farm animal doctor personnel according to breast during milk cow milking whether have red, swollen, hot, bitterly and first three milk situation diagnosis of milk cow whether there is clinical mammitis.
(2) according to the output of milk of milk cow individuality when cattle farm current entry statistics ox parity only, the newborn number of days that oozes, record sampling; The method that Cow Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences DHI laboratory specifies by " Chinese holstein cattle performance test specification " (NY/T1450-2007), with the composition such as butterfat percnetage (F%), albumen rate (P%), somatic number (SCC) of FOSSFC and FT+ Instrument measuring milk sample.
(3) adopt statistical analysis software to carry out correlation analysis to butterfat percnetage, protein ratio, somatic number, milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information, acquisition with the trait information of cow subclinical mastitis significant correlation.
For analyzing the impact of fixed effect factor, classify to milk cow parity, lactation number of days and lactation season information, wherein, the sorting technique of milk cow parity is: every tire is 1 class, but more than 5 tires and 5 tires is 1 class, is divided into 5 classes; Lactation number of days is divided into 1 class in every 30 days from postpartum first day, but more than 360 days oxen are only divided into 1 class, are divided into 13 classes; Lactation season by November to next year February be 1 class, March-May and September-October is 1 class, June-August is 1 class, totally 3 classes.
Described correlation analysis, first test of normality is carried out to data, meet the data acquisition Pearson methods analyst correlativity of normal distribution, do not meet the data of normal distribution, as somatic number carries out log-transformation, make it to meet normal distribution, using mammitis morbidity record as Dependent variable, first apply Stepwise Discriminant Analysis screening independent variable, find that described 7 independents variable all have significantly or pole appreciable impact (P<0.05).
(4) by processing to cow subclinical mastitis relevant information of falling ill of obtaining, build multiple regression equation, whether be recessive mastitis milk cow carry out examination, compare the individual SMI value of milk cow, if the SMI of individuality if then suffering from score value point of contact determination module to milk cow by cow subclinical mastitis
1/ SMI
0>1, i.e. recessive mastitis milk cow, otherwise be normal individual, in experiment, examination goes out SMI altogether
1/ SMI
0the individuality of >1 128, i.e. recessive mastitis milk cow 128.CMT method checkout and diagnosis is utilized to go out recessive mastitis ox only 121.Data are in table 1.
Table 1 recessive mastitis examination information slip
Use SAS8.2FREQ program to carry out comptibility test analysis, compare the two screening results significances of difference.SMI index screening results and CMT and the not remarkable (χ of field diagnostic difference
2=0.2857; P=0.5930, P>0.05).
Conclusion:
The mammitis milk cow utilizing system examination of the present invention to go out and CMT method add cattle farm field diagnostic method there was no significant difference, but can greatly alleviate cattle farm working strength.
Though the result of study that the present invention obtains for research object with Shandong District scale ox plant, can widely use on a large scale, there is ubiquity.Reason is; Shandong is big agricultural province; milk cattle cultivating breeding stock and total output of milk occupy the 5th, the whole nation; milk cattle cultivating level and large-scale degree representative in the whole nation, and China's scale ox dairy cow farm all adopts TMR to feed, and namely feed mode is more consistent; feedstuff is close; be mechanization to milk, kind is holstein cow substantially, namely hereditary close.Therefore, the system for recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows of the present invention can widely use on a large scale, and can reach Effect of screening of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. for a system for recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, it is characterized in that, this system comprises:
Milk elements analyser: for gathering individual ox butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and somatic number information only;
Acquisition of information and typing module: for receiving the individual ox butterfat percnetage, protein ratio and the somatic number information only that gather from described milk elements analyser; And typing milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information;
Relation analysis of parameter module: for receive obtain from described acquisition of information and typing module butterfat percnetage, protein ratio, somatic number, milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information, and above-mentioned information and cow subclinical mastitis are fallen ill carry out correlation analysis, obtain falling ill to cow subclinical mastitis relevant parameter information;
Multiple regression equation sets up module: for receiving falling ill relevant parameter information to cow subclinical mastitis of obtaining from described relation analysis of parameter module, and process these parameter informations, and then set up multiple regression equation;
Suffer from score value point of contact determination module with cow subclinical mastitis, described cow subclinical mastitis suffers from the multiple regression equation that score value point of contact determination module is set up for setting up module according to multiple regression equation, calculates cow subclinical mastitis index SMI
0and SMI
1, and calculate SMI
1/ SMI
0, determine that cow subclinical mastitis suffers from score value point of contact;
The multiple regression equation that described multiple regression equation sets up module foundation is:
SMI
0＝-70.2781+1.8427X
1+0.8411X
2+4.3998X
3+21.6634X
4-
0.2075X
5+0.4470X
6+7.3398X
7
SMI
1＝-63.2973+1.7249X
1+0.7519X
2+3.8011X
3+19.9295X
4—
0.0949X
5+0.3683X
6+7.3152X
7
Wherein, X
1: parity; X
2: the output of milk (kg); X
3: butterfat percnetage (%); X
4: protein ratio (%); X
5: somatic cell score (SCS); X
6: lactation stage; X
7: lactation season;
Described X
5: the account form of somatic cell score is: SCS=log
2[SCC/100,000]+3.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, it is characterized in that, in described acquisition of information and typing module, milk cow parity, lactation number of days and lactation season information are classified, wherein, the sorting technique of milk cow parity is: every tire is 1 class, but more than 5 tires and 5 tires is 1 class, is divided into 5 classes; Lactation number of days is divided into 1 class in every 30 days from postpartum first day, but more than 360 days oxen are only divided into 1 class, are divided into 13 classes; Lactation season by November to next year February be 1 class, March-May and September-October is 1 class, June-August is 1 class, totally 3 classes.
3. as claimed in claim 1 for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, it is characterized in that, in described relation analysis of parameter module, adopt statistical analysis software to carry out correlation analysis to butterfat percnetage, protein ratio, somatic number, milk cow parity, lactation number of days, lactation season and output of milk information, acquisition with the trait information of cow subclinical mastitis significant correlation.
4. as claimed in claim 3 for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, it is characterized in that, described correlation analysis is specially, first test of normality is carried out to information data, meet the data acquisition Pearson methods analyst correlativity of normal distribution, then using mammitis morbidity record as Dependent variable, application Stepwise Discriminant Analysis screening independent variable.
5. as claimed in claim 1 for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, it is characterized in that, described multiple regression equation is set up module and is utilized the PROCDISCRIM program of the SAS8.2 system pair milk cow production performance parameter relevant to cow subclinical mastitis to carry out discriminatory analysis, independent variable is selected, sets up optimal regression equation.
6. as claimed in claim 1 for the system of recessive mastitis milk cow examination in cows, it is characterized in that, described cow subclinical mastitis suffers from cow subclinical mastitis that score value point of contact determination module determines, and to suffer from score value point of contact be 1.
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| CN108344779A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-31 | 西北农林科技大学 | The method for quickly detecting cow recessive mastitis grade based on dielectric and magnetic technology |
| CN108344779B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-10-16 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for rapidly detecting cow recessive mastitis grade based on dielectric spectrum technology |
| CN111506881A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-08-07 | 中国农业大学 | System for predicting Chinese Holstein cow mastitis onset risk |
| CN111506881B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2022-11-04 | 中国农业大学 | System for predicting Chinese Holstein cow mastitis onset risk |
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